Intravenous therapy involves delivering liquid substances directly into a vein. It is the fastest way to administer medications and fluids throughout the body. IV therapy can be used for injections or infusions in both emergencies and for planned procedures like blood transfusions or anesthesia induction. Potential complications include phlebitis, extravasation, air embolism, and hypervolemia. Proper technique and site selection are important to minimize risks.

1. INTRAVENOU
S INJECTION
ARPIT
PARTIL

2. Introduction
• Intravenous therapy is a therapy that delivers liquid substance
directly into a vein.
• The intravenous route of administration can be used for injections
or infusions.
• The IV route is the fastest way to deliver medications and fluid
replacement throughout the body.
• Drugs are administered as;
• Bolus : large dose of drug injected rapidly.
• Slow IV injection : e.g., IV morphine in MI.
• IV infusion : e.g., dopamine in cardiogenic shock, fluid infused in
dehydration.
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3. Indications
• To have fast action of the drug or fluid in emergency conditions
• Blood transfusion
• Induction of anaesthesia
• To give medications that are irritating or ineffective when given by
other routes
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4. Contraindications
• Avoid vein that cross over the joints
• Extremities with renal fistula and shunt
• Avoid extremities with extreme oedema, burns or injury
• Avoid are of cellulitis or any other area with infection
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5. Sites
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• Cephalic vein
• Basilic vein
• Median cubital vein
• Anterior median vein
• Median antebrachial vein

6. Articles
• Medication card Alcohol swab
• IV cannula Prescribed
medication
• Tourniquet 10 ml flush syringe
• Adhesive tape Kidney tray and paper bag
• IV stand Sterile injection tray
• IV set
• Sterile gloves
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7. Procedure
• Check the doctor’s order for medication.
• Confirm patient identity, explain procedure and provide privacy.
• Wash hands, prepare required material near to the patient.
• Place the patient in a comfortable position.
• Wear gloves, apply tourniquet about 10 cm above the injection site.
• Select the appropriate vein for giving the injection.
• Tell the patient to close the fist.
• Vein is distended by moving the arm, inspect and palpate the vein
using fingertips.
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8. • Clean the injection site with alcohol swab using single stroke in
circular motion with one single swab at one time.
• Take the syringe and remove needle cap, stabilize the vein and
apply counter tension to the skin.
• Insert the needle at 25-35 degree angle, keep its bevel upside.
• Blood will appear at the needle hub, aspirate and venous blood
appears in the syringe, reduce the angle of needle and proceed
approximately 3-5 mm further into vein.
• Release the tourniquet, inject the drug slowly (check for pain,
swelling, hematoma, if occurs withdraw the needle).
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9. • After administration of medication, withdraw the needle smoothly,
apply pressure with sterile dry gauze on the puncture site.
• Dispose all the sharp material.
• Make the patient comfortable.
• Remove gloves and wash hands.
• Document the procedure.
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10. Complications
Phlebitis :-
inflammation of the vein.
It occurs when the cannula is too
large for the vein or if its
improperly secured.
Symptoms include warmth,
swelling, pain and redness around
the vein.
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11. Extravasation :-
• This happens when the
liquid/medication in the IV
leaks to the tissue surrounding
the vein.
• It can also be caused by
inserting a cannula that’s too
big for the patient’s vein.
• The symptoms include burning
sensation and swelling around
the IV.
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12. Air embolism :-
• This happens when an air
bubble enter the vein.
• It could be fatal if not
caught early, since the air
can travel to the patient’s
brain, heart or lungs.
• Symptoms include blue hue
of the patient’s skin,
difficulty in breathing and
low blood pressure.
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13. Hypervolemia :-
• This is an abnormal increase in
blood volume.
• Its more likely to happen in
pregnant women, young
children, elderly patients or
people with kidney problems.
• The most common signs are
tachycardia and distended
neck vein.
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14. Thank you.