Intervention Mapping was developed to address questions about how and when to use... Theory Empirical findings from the literature Data collected from a population ... to create an effective behavior or systems change intervention. Intervention Mapping provides a systematic framework for decision making at each step of intervention planning, and evaluation

1. Overview ofOverview of
Intervention MappingIntervention Mapping
Gerjo KokGerjo Kok
July 4, 2016July 4, 2016
Summer Course MaastrichtSummer Course Maastricht

2. 2

3. Overview
The development of Intervention Mapping
was stimulated by questions that could not
be answered from available health
education and health promotion resources.
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4. How and When to Use... ?
Intervention Mapping was developed to
address questions about how and when to use...
•Theory
•Empirical findings from the literature
•Data collected from a population
... to create an effective behavior or systems
change intervention.
4

5. 5
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Society
Community
Organization
Interpersonal
Individual
An Ecological Approach to Planning

6. •How to address changing the behavior of
people in the environment (i.e., people who
are not at risk for the health problem, but are
important to changing conditions that affect
those at risk)?
•How to address the complexity of multi-
causation of problems and multi-level
intervention points?
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An Ecological Approach to Planning

7. What Is Intervention Mapping?
• A systematic approach to program
development, implementation, and
evaluation
• It provides a framework for decision-making
at each step
• Theory
• Empirical evidence
• Community input (important for cultural
relevance)
• Uses an ecological approach

8. Participation in Health Promotion Planning
Equitable community
participation
•Ensures that program
focus reflects
community concerns
•Brings greater breadth
of skills, knowledge, and
expertise
•Improves external
validity
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9. Intervention Mapping Steps
1. Logic model of the problem
2. Program outcomes and objectives
(logic model of change)
3. Program design
4. Program production
5. Program implementation plan
6. Evaluation plan
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10. Step 1: Needs Assessment
1. Establish and work with a
planning group
2. Conduct a needs assessment to
create a logic model of the
problem
3. Describe the intervention
context, including the
population, setting, and
community
4. State program goals
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11. Logic Model of the Problem
11 Figure 1.2
Health Problems:
What is the priority
health problem(s) in
the population or
subgroup?
Behaviors:
What behaviors increase
risk, incidence,
prevalence, and burden?
Quality of Life:
What is the
impact of the
health
problem(s) on
quality of life?
Personal Determinants:
What theory- and
evidence-based factors
are causally related to
the behavior(s)?
Phase 4
Determinants
Phase 3
Behavior (At-risk group)
and Environmental
Factors
Phase 2
Health
Problems
Phase 1
Quality of Life
Personal Determinants:
What theory-and
evidence-based factors
are causally related to
the behavior of agents in
the environment who
control the
environmental factor(s)?
Environment:
What interpersonal,
organizational,
community, and societal
factors influence health
directly or through
influence on the behavior
of the at-risk group?

12. Step 2: Program Outcomes and Objectives
Logic Model of Change
1. State expected outcomes for
behavior and environment
2. Specify performance objectives
for behavioral and
environmental outcomes
3. Select determinants for
behavioral and environmental
outcomes
4. Construct matrices of change
objectives
5. Create a logic model of change
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13. Create Matrices of Change Objectives
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14. Examples of Cells from a Simulated Matrix:
Consistently and Correctly Using Condoms During Sexual Intercourse
Determinants
Performance
Objectives
Knowledge Perceived
Susceptibility
Self-Efficacy
1. Buy a condom • Identify places
• List condom
types
• State personal risk for
HIV, STI, and
pregnancy if have sex
without a condom
• Feel confident
about buying a
condom
2. Carry
condoms
• List different
ways to carry
condoms
• Perceive that not
carrying a condom
increases risk
• Feel confident
about carrying
condoms
3. Use condom
correctly
• List 10 steps for
correct condom
use
• State risk of HIV, STI,
and pregnancy
increases if condom is
not used correctly
• Feel confident
about using
condoms
correctly
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15. Logic Model of Change
Figure 1.3
Change Objectives:
(Personal Determinants x
Performance Objectives)
What theory- and evidence-
based changes are
expected to affect the
behavioral outcome(s)?
Environmental Outcomes:
What is intended to change
in order to produce the
desired health outcomes?
Behavioral Outcome:
What is intended to change
in order to produce the
desired health outcomes?
Environmental Agent
At-risk Group
Change Objectives:
(Personal Determinants x
Performance Objectives)
What theory- and evidence-
based changes are
expected to affect the
environmental outcome(s)?
Health Problems:
What changes should the
intervention produce in the
health problem(s)?
Quality of Life:
What changes should the
intervention produce in the
quality-of-life issues
related to the health
problem(s)?

16. Step 3: Program Design
1. Generate program
themes, components,
scope, and sequence
2. Choose theory- and
evidence-based change
methods
3. Select or design
practical applications
to deliver change
methods
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17. Step 4: Program Production
1. Refine program structure
and organization
2. Prepare plans for program
materials
3. Draft messages, materials,
and protocols
4. Pretest program materials
and protocols
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18. Step 5: Program Implementation Plan
1. Identify potential uses
(adopters, implementers,
and maintainers)
2. State outcomes and
performance objectives for
program use
3. Construct matrices of
change objective for
program use
4. Design implementation
interventions
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19. Step 6: Evaluation Plan
1. Write effect and process
evaluation questions
2. Develop indicators and
measures for assessment
3. Specify the evaluation
design
4. Complete the evaluation
plan
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20. Intervention Logic Model
20 Figure 9.1

21. Core Processes
• Pose questions
• Brainstorm potential answers to the
questions
• Review findings from the empirical
literature for theory- and evidence-
based answers to questions
• Review theories for additional
constructs
• Assess and address need for new
data
• Formulate a working list of answers
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22. Important Repeating Concepts
• Formulation of matrices is
a foundation for
intervention planning
• Planning is an iterative
process
• Use of logic models
• Need to create culturally
relevant programs
• Program evaluation
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23. Summary
• Intervention Mapping
provides a systematic
framework for effective
decision making at each
step of intervention
planning, implementation,
and evaluation
• Intervention Mapping has
been used to develop
programs worldwide