I add more Information to the previous Slideshare of (Anemia)
I hope it will be more useful
What is Anemia in Pregnancy
how it affect the pregnancy
What are the types and risk factors
how to manage it
I add more Information to the previous Slideshare of (Anemia)
I hope it will be more useful
What is Anemia in Pregnancy
how it affect the pregnancy
What are the types and risk factors
how to manage it
Hinduja Hospital’s specialist doctor suggests on abnormal blood counts and management of Anemia. Anemia is a can be a cause of a serious illness, so it is important to have it assessed and get the appropriate treatment.
Anemia is a condition in which you lack enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to your body's tissues.
Having anemia can make you feel tired and weak.
There are many forms of anemia, each with its own cause.
Anemia can be temporary or long term, and it can range from mild to severe.
Please find the power point on Anemia in pregnancy. I tried to present it on understandable way and all the contents are reviewed by experts and from very reliable references. Thank you
Hinduja Hospital’s specialist doctor suggests on abnormal blood counts and management of Anemia. Anemia is a can be a cause of a serious illness, so it is important to have it assessed and get the appropriate treatment.
Anemia is a condition in which you lack enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to your body's tissues.
Having anemia can make you feel tired and weak.
There are many forms of anemia, each with its own cause.
Anemia can be temporary or long term, and it can range from mild to severe.
Please find the power point on Anemia in pregnancy. I tried to present it on understandable way and all the contents are reviewed by experts and from very reliable references. Thank you
Guidelines for Control of Iron deficiency Anemia, National Iron plus Initiative by Govt. of India, Causes of Iron deficiency anemia in Infants, Children, Adolescents, Non pregnant and Pregnant Women, Supplementary Nutrition for all under ICDS project
Anemia and Preemies: Contemporary Approach to Diagnostics, Preventive Measure...MCH-org-ua
International conference «Actual approaches to the extremely preterm babies: International experience and Ukrainian realities» (Kyiv, Ukraine, March 5-6, 2013)
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
From Burnout to Engagement: Strategies to Promote Physician Wellness and Work...Modern Healthcare
Slides from a Modern Healthcare presentation.
http://www.modernhealthcare.com/article/20150225/INFO/302259999/webinar-from-burnout-to-engagement-strategies-to-promote-physician
Faced with long hours, unrelenting administrative burdens and the pressure to treat patients quickly, a growing number of physicians are experiencing burnout, a condition characterized by loss of empathy, exhaustion, and a low sense of accomplishment. According to a Mayo Clinic survey from 2012, nearly one in two U.S physicians reported at least one symptom of burnout, up from 22% in 2001. For hospitals with stressed caregivers, the stakes are high. Burned out, dissatisfied physicians are far more likely to make medical errors and are less able to communicate effectively with patients and co-workers. They're also at a higher risk for substance abuse and are more likely to leave clinical practice altogether.
Do I Have PTSD? - The Signs & Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress DisorderDeborah Davis
A lot of people can suffer from PTSD (or post-traumatic stress disorder) after experiencing a traumatic event like natural disasters and serious accidents. Among the most common of the many symptoms are: experiencing flashbacks, bad dreams and having difficulty sleeping. Learn the other symptoms of PTSD in order to help someone you know who might be suffering from it. Check out these slides from Nungkari Treatment Centre.
GCE Sociology Revision (AQA)- Unit 2 Education- Ethhnic differences in achiev...Haleema Begum
For AQA GCE Sociology Unit 2: Education, Revision. Print out as a handout, it is a good way to revise. Application, Interpretation and Analysis tips are also included. All derived from the AS Sociology Revision Guide. Good luck!!!
Babitha's Notes on anemia's & bleeding disordersBabitha Devu
This note will help you in knowing about childhood anemia's like iron deficiency, SCD etc.. also some of the bleeding disorders are also explained in this.
Anemia is one of the most commonly seen condition predominantly in women due to various causes such as some chronic infection conditions and all. There are different types of anemias are there here we discuss mainly about Iron deficiency and sickle cell anemia.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
The Gram stain is a fundamental technique in microbiology used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure. It provides a quick and simple method to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which have different susceptibilities to antibiotics
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and IndigestionSwastikAyurveda
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
2. Rationale forCombining Iron &
Vit-D
Vit – DVit – Ddeficiency and Iron deficiency AnaemiaIron deficiency Anaemia the
two most menacing disorders - are inter-related
(interlinked)
Deficiency of one leads to deficiency of other
6. AnaemiaAnaemia
Deficiency in the oxygen-carrying capacity of the
blood due to a diminished erythrocyte mass.
May be due to:
Erythrocyte loss (blood loss)
Decreased Erythrocyte production
Low erythropoietin
Decreased marrow response to erythropoietin
Increased Erythrocyte destruction (hemolysis)
7. Classification Based on SeverityClassification Based on Severity
in Pregnancyin Pregnancy
ICMR WHO
Mild 10 – 11 gm/dl 9 – 11 gm/dl
Moderate 7 – 10 7 - 9
Severe 4 – 7 <7
Very severe <4
8. Causes of Anemia in PregnancyCauses of Anemia in Pregnancy
• Physiological anemia
• Nutritional anemia – IDA, megaloblastic
• Anemia of chronic illness
• Blood loss
• Hemolysis and hemolytic anemias
• Hemoglobinopathies
• Other hereditary anemias
• Aplastic anemia
9. Measurements of AnemiaMeasurements of Anemia
Hemoglobin = grams of hemoglobin per 100 mL of whole blood
(g/dL)
Hematocrit = percent of a sample of whole blood occupied by
intact red blood cells
RBC = millions of red blood cells per microL of whole blood
MCV = Mean corpuscular volume
11. Hb levels decreased
MCV normal
Acute blood loss
Anemia of chronic
disease
Aplastic anemia
Hemolytic anemia
Size of erythrocytes is
largerthan normal
Megaloblastic anemia –
Vitamin B12, Folate
deficiency.
Size of erythrocytes is
smallerthan normal
Heme synthesis defect
Iron deficiency anemia
Anemia of chronic
disease
Thalassemia
Morphological ClassificationMorphological Classification
12. 12
Normocytic AnemiaNormocytic Anemia
It includes
• Aplastic anemia due to BM
failure
• Blood loss anemia
• Hemolytic anemia
Is a condition in which the size & Hb content of RBCs is
normal but the number of RBCs is decreased.
13. 13
Microcytic AnemiaMicrocytic Anemia
• Many RBCs smaller than
nucleus of normal
lymphocytes
• Increased central pallor.
• Includes
– Iron deficiency anemia
– Thalassemia
– Anemia of chronic disease
– Sideroblastic anemia
– Lead poisoning
14. Macrocytic AnemiasMacrocytic Anemias
Wright’s stained blood smear
A. MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA
• Vitamin B12 deficiency
• Folate deficiency
• Abnormal metabolism of folate and vit B12
B. Non megaloblastic anemia
• Liver disease
• Alcoholism
• Post splenoctomy
• Neonatal macrocytosis
• Stress erythropoiesis
15. Clinical Features -Clinical Features -
SymptomsSymptoms
• Moderate anemia - weakness, fatigue, exhaustion,
loss of appetite, indigestion, giddiness,
breathlessness
• Severe anemia - palpitations, tachycardia,
breathlessness, increased cardiac output, cardiac
failure, pulmonary edema
16. Clinical Features - SignsClinical Features - Signs
• Pallor
• Nail changes
• Cheilosis, Glossitis, Stomatitis
• Edema
• Hyperdynamic circulation (short & soft systolic murmur)
• Fine crepitations
17. Iron Requirement inIron Requirement in
PregnancyPregnancy
• 2.5mg /day in early pregnancy
• 5.5mg /day from 20 -32 weeks
• 6 – 8 mg/ day after 32 weeks
• Average 4 mg/ day
20. New TherapeuticNew Therapeutic
AlternativesAlternatives
• The side effects of older Iron preparations & their poor compliance
even on providing free tablets are the most important reasons of
failure of anaemia control programmes
• Newer preparations are better tolerated, have less side effects with
better compliance
• Carbonyl Iron
• Ferrous ascorbate
21. Merits of New Preparations (FerrousMerits of New Preparations (Ferrous
Ascorbate)Ascorbate)
• Outstanding GI Tolerance in contrast to 20% severe side effects
with conventional therapy
• Very safe with no poisoning even in high doses
• No interaction with food stuffs
• The newer preparations are delicious with non-metallic taste and
don’t stain the patients’ teeth
• Hence the compliance is very high
23. USP’sUSP’s
Ferrous Ascorbate:
• High Bioavailability
• Faster Hb rise
• High Absorption : Ascorbate component
of Ferrous ascorbate inc. the iron
absorption by 6 times.
• Better safety and tolerability compared
to conventional salts.
• Lesser GI irritation, hence better
compliance.
24. USP’sUSP’s
Vitamin B12 + Folic Acid
Helps in the production of RBC’s
Vitamin D3
– Activates erythroid precursors, helps in the initial
phase of Erythropoiesis.
– Essential for the prevention of hypovitaminosis D in
the fetus and deficiency at birth and in early infancy.
– Increases hemoglobin levels and reticulocyte
count in hematological disorders