Infrapatellar fat pad abnormalities
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This document provides a classification of abnormalities that can occur in the infrapatellar fat pad, including benign tumors, cysts, ganglia, recesses, bursae, and overuse/impingement syndromes. Specific conditions mentioned include para-articular chondroma, localized villonodular synovitis, synovial hemangioma, parameniscal cysts, Hoffa's recesses, Hoffa's ganglion, infrapatellar bursitis, Hoffa's fat pad impingement, and cyclops lesions. The document also provides brief descriptions and imaging characteristics of some of these conditions.
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This document discusses methods for measuring alignment in the lower limbs, including the knee and hip joints. It outlines several key anatomical lines used as references, such as the mechanical axis of the femur and tibia. Joint orientation lines and angles are important for assessing malalignment. Measuring these lines and angles helps evaluate deformities and plan corrective procedures like osteotomies, which are performed at the center of rotation angle.
Arfi
Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) is a sonographic technique that uses acoustic beams to mechanically excite tissue and monitor the displacement response to assess tissue stiffness without external compression. It provides qualitative images (Virtual Touch Tissue Imaging) and quantitative stiffness measurements (Virtual Touch Tissue Quantification) by tracking tissue displacement over time. Stiffer tissues like malignancies display as darker on images and have higher shear wave velocities measured in m/s. ARFI can help characterize and differentiate liver masses, breast and thyroid nodules, prostate cancer, and more.
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Infrapatellar fat pad abnormalities
- 2. CLASSIFICATION Para-articular chondroma, localized PVNS, Synovial Hemangioma. Benign tumors and tumor like lesions • ….. Para-meniscal cyst, infrapatellar clefts, ganglia, Infrapatellar bursitis. Cysts, ganglia, recesses, bursae • ….. Hoffa’s fat pad impingement, cyclops lesion Overuse/impingement syndromes • …..
- 4. LOCALIZED VILLONODULAR SYNOVITIS also been referred to as giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath
- 6. PARAMENISCAL CYST Adjacent to meniscal tear
- 7. HOFFA’S RECESSES located superiorly, close to the inferior border of the patella, and oriented vertically. located anterior to the anterior horns of the menisci and has a horizontal direction, linear in shape. Depiction and characteristics of these recesses may depend on the concomitant amount of joint effusion and synovitis
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