we should use ecofriendly technology for our textile industry as we know that textile industry is most polluted industry now. our small initial step towards Eco techniques can make biggest difference towards healthy and pure environment. give your little help for save earth, save life. i hope this presentation can influence people to move towards ecofriendly technology
This document discusses eco-friendly textiles and sustainable textile processing. It defines eco-textiles as textile products that are produced and processed in an eco-friendly manner using renewable and non-toxic resources with minimal environmental impact. Key aspects covered include types of eco-friendly fibers like organic cotton and wool; natural dyes from plant, animal and mineral sources; sustainable practices like chemical substitution, recovery and process modification; and eco-friendly processes like enzymatic treatment, low water technologies, and supercritical CO2 dyeing. The document emphasizes moving from a 'cradle to grave' approach to a 'cradle to cradle' model of sustainability.
The document discusses various aspects of green and sustainable textile production, including natural dyeing processes, recycling of textiles, use of organic materials, and reducing environmental pollution from the textile industry. It notes that textile production can be harmful through the use of chemicals and release of wastewater, but that more sustainable practices include using natural dyes extracted from plants, recycling fabrics into new materials, and switching to organic cotton and other natural fibers. The document provides details on different natural dye sources and colors, as well as other green textile processes like chlorine-free bleaching and low-temperature dyeing.
Ecofriendly technology for textile industry preranawagh1
ecofriendly technology for our textile industry. this is most important aspect for our new technology. we should influence people for ecofriendly technology.
This document discusses sustainability in the apparel industry. It defines sustainability as meeting present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their own needs. The apparel industry uses large amounts of resources and chemicals that harm the environment. The document recommends more sustainable practices like using organic cotton and recycling textiles. It provides examples of companies like Levi's and Nike that are developing sustainable apparel lines using recycled materials and reducing water and waste.
Sustainability in Textiles, Eco - Fashion, Bio Mimicry, Kyoto Protocol, Green Procurement, LCA, Eco Testing of Textiles, Use of Natural Dyes, Green Composites, Sustainable Fashion Trends
This presentation is about evolution of Textile Industry from animan skin to most modern performance clothing. It gives overview of past, present & future innovations in Textile Industry.
The document discusses green and sustainable textile production in Bangladesh. It provides background on the importance of the textile industry and outlines concepts for green production including reducing environmental impacts, increasing resource efficiency, and mainstreaming sustainability. The document then presents strategies for implementing green production techniques in the textile sector, focusing on cleaner production processes, occupational health and safety, and energy generation. It also examines the costs and benefits of green production and provides a case study on initiatives by Noman Group in Bangladesh to increase sustainability.
This document discusses eco-friendly textiles and sustainable textile processing. It defines eco-textiles as textile products that are produced and processed in an eco-friendly manner using renewable and non-toxic resources with minimal environmental impact. Key aspects covered include types of eco-friendly fibers like organic cotton and wool; natural dyes from plant, animal and mineral sources; sustainable practices like chemical substitution, recovery and process modification; and eco-friendly processes like enzymatic treatment, low water technologies, and supercritical CO2 dyeing. The document emphasizes moving from a 'cradle to grave' approach to a 'cradle to cradle' model of sustainability.
The document discusses various aspects of green and sustainable textile production, including natural dyeing processes, recycling of textiles, use of organic materials, and reducing environmental pollution from the textile industry. It notes that textile production can be harmful through the use of chemicals and release of wastewater, but that more sustainable practices include using natural dyes extracted from plants, recycling fabrics into new materials, and switching to organic cotton and other natural fibers. The document provides details on different natural dye sources and colors, as well as other green textile processes like chlorine-free bleaching and low-temperature dyeing.
Ecofriendly technology for textile industry preranawagh1
ecofriendly technology for our textile industry. this is most important aspect for our new technology. we should influence people for ecofriendly technology.
This document discusses sustainability in the apparel industry. It defines sustainability as meeting present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their own needs. The apparel industry uses large amounts of resources and chemicals that harm the environment. The document recommends more sustainable practices like using organic cotton and recycling textiles. It provides examples of companies like Levi's and Nike that are developing sustainable apparel lines using recycled materials and reducing water and waste.
Sustainability in Textiles, Eco - Fashion, Bio Mimicry, Kyoto Protocol, Green Procurement, LCA, Eco Testing of Textiles, Use of Natural Dyes, Green Composites, Sustainable Fashion Trends
This presentation is about evolution of Textile Industry from animan skin to most modern performance clothing. It gives overview of past, present & future innovations in Textile Industry.
The document discusses green and sustainable textile production in Bangladesh. It provides background on the importance of the textile industry and outlines concepts for green production including reducing environmental impacts, increasing resource efficiency, and mainstreaming sustainability. The document then presents strategies for implementing green production techniques in the textile sector, focusing on cleaner production processes, occupational health and safety, and energy generation. It also examines the costs and benefits of green production and provides a case study on initiatives by Noman Group in Bangladesh to increase sustainability.
This document provides an overview of medical textiles. It begins by defining medical textiles as the combination of textile technology and medical sciences. It then discusses the different types of fibers used in medical textiles, including commodity fibers like cotton, silk, and polyester, as well as specialty fibers like collagen and chitosan. The document also examines the requirements for textile materials in medical applications and various medical textile products such as bandages, sutures, and surgical gowns. It concludes by emphasizing that medical textiles are an important and growing sector for converting painful medical procedures into more comfortable experiences.
The document discusses eco-friendly textiles and organic cotton cultivation. It notes that conventional cotton production relies heavily on pesticides and fertilizers that harm the environment and human health. Organic cotton is identified as a more sustainable alternative that maintains soil health and uses natural pest control methods instead of chemicals. The document outlines the benefits of organic cotton cultivation for the environment and farmers.
The document discusses sustainability in the textile industry. It outlines several challenges faced by the industry related to waste generation and resource use. Some ways to increase sustainability mentioned include adopting circular economy principles, initiatives like Better Cotton and Cradle to Cradle, and innovating processes to reduce water and chemicals. Effluent treatment plants can help treat wastewater from production to allow water recycling and reuse.
The document discusses sustainability in the textile industry. It covers several key topics:
- Defining sustainability and its three pillars of economic, social and environmental factors.
- What constitutes a sustainable textile, addressing raw material extraction, production, chemistry and end-of-life considerations.
- Various sustainable textile materials like organic cotton, hemp, bamboo and silk and how their production compares to conventional methods.
- The large environmental and social impacts of the conventional global textile industry and goals to reduce pollution and ensure fair working conditions.
Medical textiles are textile products designed for medical applications. They can be classified as non-implantable materials like wound dressings and bandages, extracorporeal devices like artificial organs, and implantable materials like sutures and grafts. Key properties for medical textiles include being non-toxic, non-allergenic, able to be sterilized, and bio-compatible. Common fibers used are natural fibers like cotton as well as synthetic fibers like polyester and specialty fibers like collagen and chitosan. Medical textiles help improve patient comfort and aid in healing.
This document discusses textile recycling. It begins by defining textile recycling as the process of recovering old clothing and textiles for reuse or material recovery. It then provides details on the history of textile recycling, noting it has occurred since the 18th century, and outlines the traditional sources and process of textile recycling. Specific details are given on sorting and processing natural versus synthetic fibers for recycling. The document concludes by thanking the reader.
Dr. S. P. Abbas presented on measuring sustainability in the textile manufacturing chain. Life cycle assessment considers environmental impacts from raw materials through production, use and disposal. Key metrics include carbon footprint, water footprint and resource utilization of water, energy and chemicals. Measuring also includes social responsibility assessments. Solutions are complex given lack of a single definition of "sustainable textile" and different environmental impacts of natural versus synthetic fibers across the full lifecycle.
Quality control and testing are essential processes in the textile industry to ensure products meet specifications. There are several key steps:
1) Pretreatment processes like singeing, desizing, bleaching, and mercerization are tested for parameters like chemical concentrations, temperatures, and absorbency.
2) Dyeing and printing undergo physical tests for properties like colorfastness and chemical tests.
3) Finishing is tested for characteristics such as abrasion resistance, shrinkage, weather resistance, and burn resistance. Regular quality control and testing at all stages of production are vital for maintaining textile quality standards.
This presentation discusses medical textiles. It begins by defining medical textiles as textile materials engineered for medical and surgical applications. Key properties for medical textiles include strength, flexibility, and permeability. Medical textiles are used in sutures, implants, wound dressings, and more. The presentation then discusses specific medical textile applications in more detail, including sutures, vascular grafts, artificial joints and tendons, wound dressings, and extracorporeal devices. Key factors for medical textiles are also outlined, such as porosity, fiber cross-section, biocompatibility, and biodegradability.
This document discusses the importance and scope of fabric testing. It begins by explaining that textile fabrics are manufactured for different end uses, each with different performance requirements. Fabric testing plays a crucial role in assessing product quality, regulatory compliance, and performance. The document then discusses how fabric testing has expanded in scope due to increasing globalization and demands from consumers. It provides examples of different types of fabric tests, including physical, chemical, and performance tests. The document emphasizes that an understanding of fabric testing is important for various textile industry professionals to make informed decisions. In summary, the document outlines the wide-ranging role of fabric testing in evaluating textiles and ensuring they meet requirements for different applications.
The textile industry involves the design, production, and distribution of yarn, cloth, clothing, and related products. Key players in the industry include India, China, Bangladesh, and others. The Indian textile industry is the second largest employer in India after agriculture. It contributes significantly to GDP, exports, and employment. However, the industry faces sustainability challenges across cotton cultivation, processing, and labor practices that can be addressed through methods like organic cotton farming, natural dyes, recycling, and ensuring proper working conditions. Leading brands are developing more sustainable products and processes in the industry.
The document discusses two types of waterless dyeing processes: air dyeing technology and DyeCoo dyeing which uses supercritical carbon dioxide. Air dyeing uses air instead of water to help dyes penetrate fibers by heating and injecting dye gas directly into fibers. It uses up to 95% less water and 86% less energy than traditional dyeing. DyeCoo dyeing involves dissolving dyes in supercritical carbon dioxide due to its low viscosity and surface tension properties, then transporting and adsorbing the dyes onto fibers through diffusion, without using water. It provides advantages like eliminating water treatment and pollution but requires high pressure and temperature during processing.
Oeko Texte is a certification for textiles that focuses on how fabrics are processed and ensures they are free from harmful chemicals and safe for human use. There are several certifications including Standard 100, STeP, Made in Green, and ECO PASSPORT. Standard 100 tests for legal and harmful chemicals. STeP certifies sustainable and socially responsible textile production processes. Made in Green allows tracing a product's production stages and countries. ECO PASSPORT is a three-stage chemical verification process that analyzes ingredients for sustainability and safety compliance.
Dr. S. Aishwariya presented on recent advancements in technical textiles, focusing on new generation fibers and technologies. She discussed 7 new fibers: 1) spider silk, which is stronger than steel, 2) modal fibers which are soft like a second skin, 3) soybean protein fiber which is soft and nutritious, 4) lyocell which is biodegradable, 5) microfibers which are lightweight and breathable, 6) PLA fiber which is renewable and compostable, and 7) super absorbent polymers. She also highlighted innovations using these fibers like drug delivery textiles, degradable products, medical implants, angioplasty devices, heat-producing garments
This presentation discusses home textiles and their uses. Home textiles include fabrics used for furnishings like beds, tables, floors, and walls. Different fibers are selected based on properties like strength, moisture absorption, and comfort. Cotton, polyester, and wool are common fibers. Home textile products include bed linens, table linens, curtains, cushions, and more. The global home textiles market faces challenges from changing raw material prices and low consumer preference for technical textiles.
Technical textile Fibres used in technical textileskanhaiya kumawat
This document discusses various fibres used in technical textiles. It begins by defining technical textiles as materials selected for their performance properties rather than aesthetic qualities. The document then categorizes fibres used in technical textiles into conventional, high strength/modulus organic, high chemical/combustion resistant, high performance inorganic, and ultra fine/novelty fibres. Specific fibres discussed in more detail include polyethylene, polyester, nylon, carbon, polypropylene, glass, and metal fibres. Their properties and applications in areas like transportation, medical, construction, and protection are outlined. In closing, the document notes the high estimated growth rates of the technical textiles market between 2007-2012.
This document discusses sustainability in the textile industry. It defines sustainability and its three pillars of economic, environmental and social responsibility. The textile industry impacts all three pillars due to its large consumption of resources, chemicals, and energy at each stage of production. To be sustainable, the industry must minimize impacts on the environment and human health while remaining economically viable. Key strategies mentioned include using organic, recycled, and low-impact materials; renewable energy; reducing water and chemical use; and certifications that ensure ethical labor practices. The conclusion emphasizes that sustainability requires consideration for people, planet and profits to provide environmentally friendly and socially responsible products.
Presentation on process, pollution and control in textile industryMd. Sirajul Islam
Presentation on process, pollution and control in textile industry.
Fiber, Fabric Production and Pollution, Environmental Effects, way out...
Different kind of processes and pollutions
This document discusses sustainability in the textiles industry. It begins by defining sustainability and its three pillars of economy, society and environment. It then discusses the textiles industry, describing the various processes involved and its large economic and employment impact. However, it also notes that textiles are the 2nd most polluting industry, using vast resources and chemicals. The document then explores various ways for the industry to move towards more sustainability, such as using organic, recycled and alternative materials. It also discusses eco-friendly dyeing, finishing and packaging processes. It concludes by looking at sustainable supply chain management and reducing the environmental impact of textile transportation.
The document discusses various eco-friendly and organic textile fibers that can be used as alternatives to conventional fibers. It covers natural fibers like organic cotton, wool, silk, jute, ramie, hemp, linen and bamboo. It also discusses man-made fibers like lyocell, tencel and viscose that are produced from renewable sources. Organic fibers are preferable because they do not use pesticides and are biodegradable, making them better for the environment and human health. Choosing eco-friendly fibers can help promote sustainability in the fashion, home furnishing and medical textile industries.
This document provides an overview of medical textiles. It begins by defining medical textiles as the combination of textile technology and medical sciences. It then discusses the different types of fibers used in medical textiles, including commodity fibers like cotton, silk, and polyester, as well as specialty fibers like collagen and chitosan. The document also examines the requirements for textile materials in medical applications and various medical textile products such as bandages, sutures, and surgical gowns. It concludes by emphasizing that medical textiles are an important and growing sector for converting painful medical procedures into more comfortable experiences.
The document discusses eco-friendly textiles and organic cotton cultivation. It notes that conventional cotton production relies heavily on pesticides and fertilizers that harm the environment and human health. Organic cotton is identified as a more sustainable alternative that maintains soil health and uses natural pest control methods instead of chemicals. The document outlines the benefits of organic cotton cultivation for the environment and farmers.
The document discusses sustainability in the textile industry. It outlines several challenges faced by the industry related to waste generation and resource use. Some ways to increase sustainability mentioned include adopting circular economy principles, initiatives like Better Cotton and Cradle to Cradle, and innovating processes to reduce water and chemicals. Effluent treatment plants can help treat wastewater from production to allow water recycling and reuse.
The document discusses sustainability in the textile industry. It covers several key topics:
- Defining sustainability and its three pillars of economic, social and environmental factors.
- What constitutes a sustainable textile, addressing raw material extraction, production, chemistry and end-of-life considerations.
- Various sustainable textile materials like organic cotton, hemp, bamboo and silk and how their production compares to conventional methods.
- The large environmental and social impacts of the conventional global textile industry and goals to reduce pollution and ensure fair working conditions.
Medical textiles are textile products designed for medical applications. They can be classified as non-implantable materials like wound dressings and bandages, extracorporeal devices like artificial organs, and implantable materials like sutures and grafts. Key properties for medical textiles include being non-toxic, non-allergenic, able to be sterilized, and bio-compatible. Common fibers used are natural fibers like cotton as well as synthetic fibers like polyester and specialty fibers like collagen and chitosan. Medical textiles help improve patient comfort and aid in healing.
This document discusses textile recycling. It begins by defining textile recycling as the process of recovering old clothing and textiles for reuse or material recovery. It then provides details on the history of textile recycling, noting it has occurred since the 18th century, and outlines the traditional sources and process of textile recycling. Specific details are given on sorting and processing natural versus synthetic fibers for recycling. The document concludes by thanking the reader.
Dr. S. P. Abbas presented on measuring sustainability in the textile manufacturing chain. Life cycle assessment considers environmental impacts from raw materials through production, use and disposal. Key metrics include carbon footprint, water footprint and resource utilization of water, energy and chemicals. Measuring also includes social responsibility assessments. Solutions are complex given lack of a single definition of "sustainable textile" and different environmental impacts of natural versus synthetic fibers across the full lifecycle.
Quality control and testing are essential processes in the textile industry to ensure products meet specifications. There are several key steps:
1) Pretreatment processes like singeing, desizing, bleaching, and mercerization are tested for parameters like chemical concentrations, temperatures, and absorbency.
2) Dyeing and printing undergo physical tests for properties like colorfastness and chemical tests.
3) Finishing is tested for characteristics such as abrasion resistance, shrinkage, weather resistance, and burn resistance. Regular quality control and testing at all stages of production are vital for maintaining textile quality standards.
This presentation discusses medical textiles. It begins by defining medical textiles as textile materials engineered for medical and surgical applications. Key properties for medical textiles include strength, flexibility, and permeability. Medical textiles are used in sutures, implants, wound dressings, and more. The presentation then discusses specific medical textile applications in more detail, including sutures, vascular grafts, artificial joints and tendons, wound dressings, and extracorporeal devices. Key factors for medical textiles are also outlined, such as porosity, fiber cross-section, biocompatibility, and biodegradability.
This document discusses the importance and scope of fabric testing. It begins by explaining that textile fabrics are manufactured for different end uses, each with different performance requirements. Fabric testing plays a crucial role in assessing product quality, regulatory compliance, and performance. The document then discusses how fabric testing has expanded in scope due to increasing globalization and demands from consumers. It provides examples of different types of fabric tests, including physical, chemical, and performance tests. The document emphasizes that an understanding of fabric testing is important for various textile industry professionals to make informed decisions. In summary, the document outlines the wide-ranging role of fabric testing in evaluating textiles and ensuring they meet requirements for different applications.
The textile industry involves the design, production, and distribution of yarn, cloth, clothing, and related products. Key players in the industry include India, China, Bangladesh, and others. The Indian textile industry is the second largest employer in India after agriculture. It contributes significantly to GDP, exports, and employment. However, the industry faces sustainability challenges across cotton cultivation, processing, and labor practices that can be addressed through methods like organic cotton farming, natural dyes, recycling, and ensuring proper working conditions. Leading brands are developing more sustainable products and processes in the industry.
The document discusses two types of waterless dyeing processes: air dyeing technology and DyeCoo dyeing which uses supercritical carbon dioxide. Air dyeing uses air instead of water to help dyes penetrate fibers by heating and injecting dye gas directly into fibers. It uses up to 95% less water and 86% less energy than traditional dyeing. DyeCoo dyeing involves dissolving dyes in supercritical carbon dioxide due to its low viscosity and surface tension properties, then transporting and adsorbing the dyes onto fibers through diffusion, without using water. It provides advantages like eliminating water treatment and pollution but requires high pressure and temperature during processing.
Oeko Texte is a certification for textiles that focuses on how fabrics are processed and ensures they are free from harmful chemicals and safe for human use. There are several certifications including Standard 100, STeP, Made in Green, and ECO PASSPORT. Standard 100 tests for legal and harmful chemicals. STeP certifies sustainable and socially responsible textile production processes. Made in Green allows tracing a product's production stages and countries. ECO PASSPORT is a three-stage chemical verification process that analyzes ingredients for sustainability and safety compliance.
Dr. S. Aishwariya presented on recent advancements in technical textiles, focusing on new generation fibers and technologies. She discussed 7 new fibers: 1) spider silk, which is stronger than steel, 2) modal fibers which are soft like a second skin, 3) soybean protein fiber which is soft and nutritious, 4) lyocell which is biodegradable, 5) microfibers which are lightweight and breathable, 6) PLA fiber which is renewable and compostable, and 7) super absorbent polymers. She also highlighted innovations using these fibers like drug delivery textiles, degradable products, medical implants, angioplasty devices, heat-producing garments
This presentation discusses home textiles and their uses. Home textiles include fabrics used for furnishings like beds, tables, floors, and walls. Different fibers are selected based on properties like strength, moisture absorption, and comfort. Cotton, polyester, and wool are common fibers. Home textile products include bed linens, table linens, curtains, cushions, and more. The global home textiles market faces challenges from changing raw material prices and low consumer preference for technical textiles.
Technical textile Fibres used in technical textileskanhaiya kumawat
This document discusses various fibres used in technical textiles. It begins by defining technical textiles as materials selected for their performance properties rather than aesthetic qualities. The document then categorizes fibres used in technical textiles into conventional, high strength/modulus organic, high chemical/combustion resistant, high performance inorganic, and ultra fine/novelty fibres. Specific fibres discussed in more detail include polyethylene, polyester, nylon, carbon, polypropylene, glass, and metal fibres. Their properties and applications in areas like transportation, medical, construction, and protection are outlined. In closing, the document notes the high estimated growth rates of the technical textiles market between 2007-2012.
This document discusses sustainability in the textile industry. It defines sustainability and its three pillars of economic, environmental and social responsibility. The textile industry impacts all three pillars due to its large consumption of resources, chemicals, and energy at each stage of production. To be sustainable, the industry must minimize impacts on the environment and human health while remaining economically viable. Key strategies mentioned include using organic, recycled, and low-impact materials; renewable energy; reducing water and chemical use; and certifications that ensure ethical labor practices. The conclusion emphasizes that sustainability requires consideration for people, planet and profits to provide environmentally friendly and socially responsible products.
Presentation on process, pollution and control in textile industryMd. Sirajul Islam
Presentation on process, pollution and control in textile industry.
Fiber, Fabric Production and Pollution, Environmental Effects, way out...
Different kind of processes and pollutions
This document discusses sustainability in the textiles industry. It begins by defining sustainability and its three pillars of economy, society and environment. It then discusses the textiles industry, describing the various processes involved and its large economic and employment impact. However, it also notes that textiles are the 2nd most polluting industry, using vast resources and chemicals. The document then explores various ways for the industry to move towards more sustainability, such as using organic, recycled and alternative materials. It also discusses eco-friendly dyeing, finishing and packaging processes. It concludes by looking at sustainable supply chain management and reducing the environmental impact of textile transportation.
The document discusses various eco-friendly and organic textile fibers that can be used as alternatives to conventional fibers. It covers natural fibers like organic cotton, wool, silk, jute, ramie, hemp, linen and bamboo. It also discusses man-made fibers like lyocell, tencel and viscose that are produced from renewable sources. Organic fibers are preferable because they do not use pesticides and are biodegradable, making them better for the environment and human health. Choosing eco-friendly fibers can help promote sustainability in the fashion, home furnishing and medical textile industries.
Which Premium Fabrics Are the Most Sustainable.pdfIsabella Barry
The new generation of fashion shoppers prefers natural fabrics made from fibres that are found
naturally. People are beginning to wear dresses made of natural fibres as their environmental
consciousness has increased.
Highperformance&colour strength behavior of bambo or opolyester blendedwo...eSAT Journals
Abstract In this work, theHigh performance &colour strength Behaviourof bamboo & polyester woven fabrics have been studied in relation to weave and % of component fibers in the blends. The objective was to determine the influence of fabric factors such as weave and the constituent fiberscharacteristics on the fabric properties such as anti-bacterial activity, ultra-violet protection ability, dye take up and capillarity havebeen studied. The experimental results show that 2/30s bamboo in warp way of twill woven fabric exhibits higher anti-bacterial activity, ultra-violet protection ability , dye take up and capillaritywhen compared to other samples Keywords: high performance, colour strength, weave type, % component fibres, anti-bacterial activity, ultra-violet protection ability and dye take up.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Cellulose fibres manufacturing process,Introduction,
Cultivation of Cotton,Manufacturing Process,By Products of Cotton,Properties of Cellulose fibre - Cotton and Major End uses
The document discusses eco-friendly and sustainable clothing. It notes that more clothing companies are providing clothes made from eco-friendly fabrics like organic cotton and recycled polyester as consumer demand for sustainable options is increasing. The document then provides information on characteristics of eco-friendly fabrics, classifications of eco-friendly textile fibers, and sustainable processing methods. It lists examples of eco-friendly fibers like hemp, jute, bamboo and fabrics that are becoming more widely available.
Eco-friendly clothing is becoming more popular as consumers become more environmentally conscious. Eco-friendly fabrics are made from sustainable materials like organic cotton, recycled polyester, bamboo, and hemp. One eco-friendly fabric is EcoSpun, which is a polyester fiber made from 100% recycled plastic bottles. Using recycled materials helps reduce waste and environmental impact compared to traditional polyester production.
Environmental friendly processing of textile fibresmona verma
This document discusses eco-friendly and organic cotton processing using enzymes. It begins with introductions to cotton production in India and the advantages and disadvantages of cotton. It then defines what makes materials eco-friendly and describes organic cotton certification standards. The rest of the document focuses on using enzymes for cotton processing, their properties, mechanisms, and specific uses for desizing and other treatments to make processing more environmentally sustainable.
This document is a proposal for a summer project on green fashion. It discusses what green fashion is, the advantages and disadvantages of green fashion, the origins of green fashion, popular fibers used in green clothing such as organic cotton and hemp, designers supporting green fashion, celebrities promoting green fashion, and how the textile industry contributes a large carbon footprint. The proposal aims to raise awareness about more sustainable fashion choices.
Key Words for A/W 21/22 Eco-friendly/Sustainable Material Trendspringliman
This year, a sudden outbreak sounds the environmental alarm for the heavily polluted fashion industry once again. If we consider Fashion Convention jointly signed by 32 fashion enterprises in August 2019 as a start of whole industry making efforts to carry out large-scale sustainability, radical environmental groups outside of the A/W 2020 four fashion weeks, and environmental protection creativity in the show, have highlighted designers or brands passion for fashion environmental protection and a sustainable future. Environmental/sustainable fashion has become a common topic and a new trend in the international industry. Then, as the second most polluted industry and the source of the fashion industry -- textile fibers and fabrics, how to jointly build a sustainable eco-friendly system through sustainable design, production and reuse, is an important direction for the sustainable development of the fashion industry in the future. The three key words for A/W 21/22 eco-friendly / sustainable material trend will give you a glimpse into the future of sustainable fashion fabrics.
View more: https://www.popfashioninfo.com/trend/
Key Words for A/W 21/22 Eco-friendly/Sustainable Material Trendspringliman
This year, a sudden outbreak sounds the environmental alarm for the heavily polluted fashion industry once again. If we consider Fashion Convention jointly signed by 32 fashion enterprises in August 2019 as a start of whole industry making efforts to carry out large-scale sustainability, radical environmental groups outside of the A/W 2020 four fashion weeks, and environmental protection creativity in the show, have highlighted designers or brands passion for fashion environmental protection and a sustainable future.View more: https://www.popfashioninfo.com/trends/material/
This presentation summarizes information about banana fiber, including its definition, properties, production process, and uses. Banana fiber is obtained from the pseudo-stem of banana plants. It is classified as a bast fiber with good mechanical properties. The presentation outlines the steps for extracting and processing banana fibers, including cutting, extracting, washing, drying, and chemically treating the fibers. It notes the various types of banana fibers and their applications in products like rope, handicrafts, and paper. In conclusion, the presentation advocates for increased usage of natural banana fiber to reduce pollution by replacing materials in industries like automotive and aircraft manufacturing.
The textile industry is considered the most ecologically harmful industry due to toxins released during dyeing and bleaching processes. This has led to a need for more eco-friendly or "green" textiles made from organic and recycled materials. Eco-textiles, also called ecotech or oekotech textiles, refer to textile products produced and processed using environmentally sustainable methods. Examples of eco-friendly fabrics include organic cotton, hemp, bamboo, and recycled polyester. The market for technical textiles used in environmental engineering applications is growing due to increased awareness of sustainability issues and regulations regarding waste management.
This document discusses organic cotton. It begins by defining organic cotton as cotton grown without insecticide or pesticide using low impact methods. It provides statistics on organic cotton production, noting that India produces over 3/4 of the world's organic cotton. It describes the chemical structure of organic cotton and its physical properties. It outlines advantages of organic cotton such as environmental protection and disadvantages like higher costs. It concludes by describing uses of organic cotton in various textile products and potential future applications.
Everything you need to know about cotton: key material properties, the difference between conventional and organic, and how to design a collection with this coveted material.
The document discusses processing corn husk fibre for textile usage, including extraction, spinning, and weaving. Corn husk fibre is extracted through treatment with sodium hydroxide and bleached using hydrogen peroxide. The fibres are then spun individually or blended with other natural fibres like cotton. Weaving produces a fabric from the yarn. The fabric is softer and more suitable for textiles when blended with other fibres to improve strength. The research aims to develop sustainable textile materials from an agricultural waste product.
Banana fiber is a natural fiber obtained from the pseudostem of banana plants. It is eco-friendly, chemical-free, and breathable. The fibers are extracted through a process involving peeling the outer sheath, flattening the inner layers, and stripping fibers manually or through machines. The fibers are then cleaned, dried, bundled into yarn, and used to make various products like handicrafts, textiles, and paper. Banana fiber is a renewable alternative to plastics and has various applications, though extracting it through traditional methods is time-consuming.
Bamboo fiber is a regenerated cellulose fiber derived from bamboo. Bamboo is a fast-growing grass with high cellulose content. The cellulose can be extracted from bamboo bark and made into fibers through mechanical or chemical processing. Bamboo fiber has properties like antibacterial activity, UV protection, moisture absorption and softness. It is an environmentally friendly material and can be used to make clothing, non-wovens and sanitary materials.
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Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...Open Access Research Paper
Water contamination is one of the major causes of water borne diseases worldwide. In Kenya, approximately 43% of people lack access to potable water due to human contamination. River Kuywa water is currently experiencing contamination due to human activities. Its water is widely used for domestic, agricultural, industrial and recreational purposes. This study aimed at characterizing bacteria and fungi in river Kuywa water. Water samples were randomly collected from four sites of the river: site A (Matisi), site B (Ngwelo), site C (Nzoia water pump) and site D (Chalicha), during the dry season (January-March 2018) and wet season (April-July 2018) and were transported to Maseno University Microbiology and plant pathology laboratory for analysis. The characterization and identification of bacteria and fungi were carried out using standard microbiological techniques. Nine bacterial genera and three fungi were identified from Kuywa river water. Clostridium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp. and Salmonella spp. Fungi were Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus complex and Penicillium species. Wet season recorded highest bacterial and fungal counts (6.61-7.66 and 3.83-6.75cfu/ml) respectively. The results indicated that the river Kuywa water is polluted and therefore unsafe for human consumption before treatment. It is therefore recommended that the communities to ensure that they boil water especially for drinking.
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...Joshua Orris
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
Recycling and Disposal on SWM Raymond Einyu pptxRayLetai1
Increasing urbanization, rural–urban migration, rising standards of living, and rapid development associated with population growth have resulted in increased solid waste generation by industrial, domestic and other activities in Nairobi City. It has been noted in other contexts too that increasing population, changing consumption patterns, economic development, changing income, urbanization and industrialization all contribute to the increased generation of waste.
With the increasing urban population in Kenya, which is estimated to be growing at a rate higher than that of the country’s general population, waste generation and management is already a major challenge. The industrialization and urbanization process in the country, dominated by one major city – Nairobi, which has around four times the population of the next largest urban centre (Mombasa) – has witnessed an exponential increase in the generation of solid waste. It is projected that by 2030, about 50 per cent of the Kenyan population will be urban.
Aim:
A healthy, safe, secure and sustainable solid waste management system fit for a world – class city.
Improve and protect the public health of Nairobi residents and visitors.
Ecological health, diversity and productivity and maximize resource recovery through the participatory approach.
Goals:
Build awareness and capacity for source separation as essential components of sustainable waste management.
Build new environmentally sound infrastructure and systems for safe disposal of residual waste and replacing current dumpsites which should be commissioned.
Current solid waste management situation:
The status.
Solid waste generation rate is at 2240 tones / day
collection efficiently is at about 50%.
Actors i.e. city authorities, CBO’s , private firms and self-disposal
Current SWM Situation in Nairobi City:
Solid waste generation – collection – dumping
Good Practices:
• Separation – recycling – marketing.
• Open dumpsite dandora dump site through public education on source separation of waste, of which the situation can be reversed.
• Nairobi is one of the C40 cities in this respect , various actors in the solid waste management space have adopted a variety of technologies to reduce short lived climate pollutants including source separation , recycling , marketing of the recycled products.
• Through the network, it should expect to benefit from expertise of the different actors in the network in terms of applicable technologies and practices in reducing the short-lived climate pollutants.
Good practices:
Despite the dismal collection of solid waste in Nairobi city, there are practices and activities of informal actors (CBOs, CBO-SACCOs and yard shop operators) and other formal industrial actors on solid waste collection, recycling and waste reduction.
Practices and activities of these actor groups are viewed as innovations with the potential to change the way solid waste is handled.
CHALLENGES:
• Resource Allocation.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
ENVIRONMENT~ Renewable Energy Sources and their future prospects.tiwarimanvi3129
This presentation is for us to know that how our Environment need Attention for protection of our natural resources which are depleted day by day that's why we need to take time and shift our attention to renewable energy sources instead of non-renewable sources which are better and Eco-friendly for our environment. these renewable energy sources are so helpful for our planet and for every living organism which depends on environment.
Climate Change All over the World .pptxsairaanwer024
Climate change refers to significant and lasting changes in the average weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It encompasses both global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, have accelerated its pace and intensity
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies.EpconLP
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies. With over 4000 installations worldwide, EPCON has been pioneering new techniques since 1977 that have become industry standards now. Founded in 1977, Epcon has grown from a one-man operation to a global leader in developing and manufacturing innovative air pollution control technology and industrial heating equipment.
2. INDEX
•Abstract
•Introduction
•Influencing use of eco-friendly fabric.
•Use of eco-friendly machinery
•Natural dyes innovation
•Recycled polyester
•Recycled plastic bottles turned into swimwear’s
•“Good bacteria” to battle pollution and reduce level of
chemicals.
•Bangladeshi researchers develop eco-friendly technology for
textile industry.
•Controlling pollution in textile industry.
•Electro-chemical processing – an ecofriendly technology in
textile
•Management of post consumer textile waste.
•Dyeing without water- air dye technique.
•Sustainable technology in textile machinery.
•Reference.
3. “Ecology” is the study of the interactions between organisms
and their environment
As we know, the textile industry being a very good example for
the most advancing and ecologically harmful industry in the
world. The evolution of clothing from its fibre stage to fabric
requires a lot of process which are very harmful to our
environment
Now-a-days a wide range of techniques and
innovations related to textiles production been
developed to save the world from being affected by
the have hazardous effects of chemicals
The use of organic raw material can help in fighting
the emission of pollutants by the textile units.
4. 1) Social responsibility: chemicals and pesticides invades
drinking water and groundwater, polluting its fish and
even reaching human consumption. Organic and eco
fibers grow without any chemical fertilizers and
pesticides.
2) Biodegradable: eco and organic fabric biodegrade
naturally over time. Synthetic fibers eventually become
waste and let off harmful toxin when they degrade.
3) Health: many people are allergic or dislike wearing
synthetic clothes. Eco fabrics have all the properties of
the new synthetic breathable fibers with added softness
and drape.
5. Fashion and apparel industry
Home furnishing and textile industry
Hygiene and health care industry
Packaging industry-
Growing recycling industry- generating rural
employment
Medical textiles industry
7. 1] bamboo:
bamboo is regenerated cellulosic fiber produced from
bamboo pulp.
Bamboo clothes naturally absorb moisture from skin and
they are perfect fabric for summer wear. It is characterized
by its excellent permeability, soft feel,easiness to straighten
and dye colour effect of pigmentation. Bamboo fiber is
softer than cotton.
The plant is crushed and natural enzymes are used to
break the bamboo walls to get natural fibers which are
scoured out and spun into yarns.
8. 2] organic cotton:
Organic cotton is health-friendly and ecofriendly.
Organic cotton is naturally grown without use of any
pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers or any other chemicals.
Clothing made from organic cotton have the feel of linen
without the weight.
Only non-genetically modified seeds are used for growing
organic cotton.
Recent promising trend is the production of coloured
cotton or natural dyed which can further reduce the
amount of chemical used.
9. 3] Hemp:
Hemp is a bast fiber. Hemp fibers are cellulosic fibers.
The most potential eco friendly fabric is hemp.
Hemp is rapidly renewable, requires little or no
pesticides, grows without fertilisers, requires minimum
attention and does not deplete soil nutrients.
Hemp is a long fibre which is long lasting.
Hemp is traditional fiber crop which for centuries was
important in meeting our needs for textiles, paper, and
oils.
Hemp is resistant to mold and mildew.
10. 4]Soy cashmere/ silk:
Soy cashmere fabric is made from soy protein fibre left
over after processing soybeans into food.
The liquefied protein is extruded into fibers which are
then spun and used like other fibers.
The high protein content of soy cashmere makes it
receptive to natural dyes. So they can create their own
colour.
So cashmere is soft, smooth and light reflecting
properties gives lustre of silk
11. 5] Wool:
Wool is renewable organic fiber
Wool is fire resistance
Wool doesn’t need chemical input.
Organic wool yarn is wool that is from sheep that have
not been exposed to chemicals like pesticides and are kept
in humane and good farm conditions.
12. 1] corn fiber:
corn is available in both spun and filament fiber.
It balance strength and resilience with comfort,
softness and drape in textiles.
Corn also use no chemical additives or surface
treatments and is naturally flame retardant.
Corn fiber manufacturers have claimed that these
fibers can be used for sportswear, jacket, outer coat,
apparels,etc
13. 2] Banana fiber:
The use of banana stems as a source of fiber such as
cotton and silk is becoming popular now.
Banana fiber is also known as musa fiber which is one of
the strongest natural fibers.
The banana fiber are extracted by hand stripping and
decortications. So it is 100% eco fiber.
It is strong, shiny light weight and bio-degradable.
14. 3] Milk casein fiber:
Milk fiber was firstly introduced in 1930 in Italy and
America to complete the wool.
It is the new innovative fiber and a kind of synthetic
fibre made of milk casein fiber through bio-engineering
method.
It can also used to create top-grade underwear, shirts, t-
shirts, loungewear,etc
It contain 17 amino acids and natural anti-bacterial rate
is above 80%. Hence, milk fiber has sanitarian.
15. 4] Ayurvastra:
Ayurvastra is a branch of ayurveda that means ayur as “health”
and vastra as a “cloth”.
Ayur vastra cloth is completely free from synthetic chemicals
and toxic substances making this cloth organic, sustainable and
bio-degradable.
Ayur vastra is made up of 100% pure organic cotton or silk,
wool, jute and coir products that have been hand loomed, dyed
by using various ayurveda herbs and have medicinal qualities
. Herbs used in ayur vastra are known to cure allergies having
anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory properties. Ayur vastra is extra
smooth and good for transpiration that helps in recovering various
diseases.
16. 1]samatoa/ lotus fabric:
fabric extracted from lotus flower is known
as Samatoa.
Lotus plant is believed to have healing
abilities. Lotus plants are pure by virtue and
they radiate this purity through their fibres.
By wearing lotus fibre fabrics, the wearer
feels calm, peaceful and meditative. It also
cures headaches, heart ailments, asthma and
lung issues.
The fabrics are 100% organic and hence are
eco-friendly. The entire process of fibre
extraction, spinning it into yarn and making
the fabric is completely handmade making this
process time consuming. This disadvantage also
limits the quantity of the fabric produced.
17. 2] Fabrics from fermented wine:
a group of scientist at the University of Western Australia has
produced fabric by letting microbes to work on wine.
It is produced by adding bacteria called acetobacter into cheap
red wine. The bacteria ferment the alcohol into fibres that float
just above the surface.
18. 3] Hagfish slime thread:
These fibres are obtained from the goo attached to a
hagfish.
Scientists have discovered that proteins within this slime
have mechanical properties similar to those of spider silk
and can be woven into high-performance bio-materials.
19. 4] Cocona fabrics:
cocona is a fabric that is developed from fibrous coconut
husks that incorporates natural ingredients into polymers.
By using activated carbon made from coconut shells.
Cocona fabric utilizes natural technology that outperforms
other fabrics and yarns.
Cocona fibres and yarns can be used i a wide range of knit
and woven fabrics as well as non-woven that provide
effective evaporative cooling, odour adsorption and UV
protection.
Fabrics made from cocona yarns and fibres are
lightweight, comfortable and retain all of the conventional
product features, such as stretch and wash ability.
20. 5]jute:
Jute has high specific properties, low density, less
abrasive behavior, good dimensional stability and
harmlessness.
Jute textile is a low cost ecofriendly product and is
abundantly available, easy to transport and has superior
drapability and moisture retention capacity .
It is widely being used as a natural choice for plant
mulching and rural road pavement construction.
21. A textile fibre recycling machine has been developed for
reprocessing hard thread waste, woven and nonwoven fabrics,
carpets, rugs, etc. The machine outputs open usable fibres
which can be used in subsequent conventional textile
processes.
Kyungwon enterprise co. Of South Korea has developed a
washing machine which does not need detergent to clean
cloths. The new technology has developed a device which is
able to transform water into an electronically charged liquid
that cleans goods with the same power as that of a
conventional synthetic detergent powder. It will make washing
easier, cheaper and more environments friendly. The system
would cut water and electricity consumption by 2/3rd ½ th
respectively.
22. The Spanish firm MCH SA produces dyeing machinery to
save water, energy, products and time in the dyeing cycle,
and matches the machines to customer requirements.
Biotechnology, which is an emerging theme and has
practical applications to textile field, offers the opportunity
to reduce costs, protect the environment, address health
and safety, and improve quality and functionality.
Textile waste recycling machine
23. Nowdays natural dyes are one of the main areas of textile
researchers and important in terms of sustainable and
ecological textiles.
Faculty and students at Dokuz eylϋl university in izmir,
turkey working on project entitled as ‘experimental eco print
designs by using natural dyes and TENCEL™ lyocell fabrics.the
study is focused on using naturak dyes in place of their more
synthetic counter parts. TENCEL™ lyocell is an eco-friendly
fiber that has an important role in the developement of
environmentally sustainable textiles, a great plus for denim
and raise its value.
Unique physical properties if TENCEL™ lyocell fibers; lead to
their great strength, efficient moisture absorption and
gentleness to skin
24. Facts of TENCEL™ Lyocell fabrics:
The solvents used in production process are non-
toxic and are able to reuse again. This is due to
technique called ‘closed loop’ spinning. This
eliminates dumping of waste 98%..
The fiber itself is completely biodegradable,
making it far safer to dispose of than most other
common fabrics.
While the textile does use traditional dyes, its
impressive absorbency allows companies to use
less dyes to achieve desired effect.
There is no need to bleach this fiber before
dyeing due to its pure white color at production.
products such as TENCEL™ are an
inspiring step into the future of more
environmentally conscious industry.
25. The principle ingredient used in the manufacture of
polyester is ethylene, which is derived from petroleum.
Two gases are made from petro chemistry industry:
A] CO2 burning of carbon based fuels.
B] N2O fossil fuels and fertilizer
production process of polyester creates lots of CO2 which
helps to create green house effect. This has caused a
dangerous global warming .
26. Scope of recycled polyester:
Energy needed to make the recycling polyester is less than
what was needed to make the virgin polyster in the first
palce, so we can save energy. Recycling polyster uses less
energy that whats needed to produce virgin polyster.
Plastic bottles and other plastic which do not mix with
environment can also keep out from landfills by using them
into recycling process.
27. TYPES OF RECYCLING PROCESS:
A] Mechanical:
Melt the plastic Re-extruding it
to make yarns
B]Chemical:
Breaking polymer
into its molecular
parts
Reforming
molecule into yarn
of equal strength
28. Conclusion:
As polyester produce in large quantity and do not mix
with soil, sometimes also found in some animal’s
stomach. So it is every one’s duty not to through them
on earth. They should put this on recycling process.
Entrepreneurs should come forward to establish this
kind of project to save the environment and world
resource and their own benefit as well.
29. Carvico, a leading Italian warp knit and circular knit
technology has pioneered the latest environmentally
sustainable fabric called Melville with REPREVE, a 100%
recycled polyester yarn derived from PET bottles.
Such process is aimed at giving a second life to plastic bottles
– recovered PET containers are washed, grinded into
fragments which are then melted and transformed into chips
which are melt again and converted into REPREVE yarn to be
used by Carvico to produce Melville.
30. Features of recycled polyester from pet bottles:
Recycled yarns
Chlorine proof
UV protection
Shape retention
Pilling resistance
Two way stretch
31. A Chennai-based company, Proklean Technologies Pvt
Ltd makes eco-friendly products for industries like textile,
leather, and paper that otherwise depend on heavy chemicals
for a substantial portion of their production process.
The product is being used by several textile units in
Ahmedabad and Gujarat to help them battle pollution and
reduce the level of chemicals in their effluent.
The company has developed a proprietary technology
platform to achieve this. The technology makes use of
probiotic microorganisms (beneficial bacteria) to make its
products.
Dr. Sivaram Pillai, CEO, Proklean said that in many industries
Proklean’s products have helped replace at least 10% to 15%
of the chemical products used earlier. It is developing more
products and aims to cover as high as 50% of the chemicals
used in some industries.
32. Dr. Pillai said that Earlier only chemical products were
used to clean this but they have developed cleaning
products that are non-toxic and biodegradable and
environmentally friendly. This considerably reduces the
pollutants being generated from stage one of the
production process
Another advantage of the product is saving water up to
20% compared to chemical.
33. Two Professors and eleven students of the Department of Applied
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Rajshahi University have
developed a low-cost eco-friendly technology for textile industries
of Bangladesh recently.
Dr. Alam claimed they have synthesized a pre-treatment agent at low
cost that shows a synergistic effect when used with the above eco-
friendly enzymatic process. In conjunction with an enzyme, it will
perform pre-treatment and polishing together in a single bath, so
that 45% water, 35% energy and 45% time can be saved compared to
currently using conventional chemical pre-treatment process. It will
also significantly improve the whiteness and dye absorbency
compared to above eco-friendly enzymatic process so that light shade
dyeing is achievable.
34. According to prof alam, “The textile industries at
present consume twice the volume of water consumed
by the entire population of Dhaka city. Furthermore,
textile pre-treatment process requires a high-energy
input and generates a large amount of biochemical and
chemical oxygen. The proposed technology will
overcome the above shortcomings significantly.”
35. Textile industries are one of the major areas that have an
importance throughout the world.
Water pollution is the main issue when it comes to textile
industry.Textile industry is a voracious consumer of water. The
water is used for various processes like sizing, scouring,
bleaching, dyeing, printing and other finishing processes.
pollution in the textile waste water comes from the dyeing
and finishing processes.
The growing demands for textile products, mills have
resulted in the tremendous rise in pollution as a result of the
exponential rise in the problem of pollution in the world.
36.
37. According to Vishal Dethe, Assistant Manager, Organica
Biotech Pvt Ltd, the textile manufacturing units :
“The wastewater is laden with pollutants like heavy metals,
organo-chlorine based compounds, pigments,
polyphosphates, preservatives, formaldehyde, benzidine
and azo dyes. These pollutants account for high
COD[chemical oxygen demand], BOD[biological oxygen
demand] levels and high volumes of ammonical nitrogen in
water reserves”
“Numerous chemical and biological agents are available in
the market for optimal waste water treatment”
Microbes can lead to reduction of COD[chemical oxygen
demand], BOD[biological oxygen demand] and ammoniacal
nitrogen levels of the water reserves
38. How pollution in the textile industry
can be controlled?
Reduction of pollution at source is the best strategy to
control pollution in textile industry
Reduction in wastewater quantity by adopting water
saving equipment, reduction in waste concentration by
recovery and reuse of chemicals/ process modification/ etc
should be adopted by all textile mills.
The use of eco friendly chemicals or dyes should be used
in manufacturing for ease of treatment of wastewater
39. “Treatment of textile processing effluents
involves:
Primary treatment
Secondary treatment
Tertiary treatment
Primary treatment:
Primary treatment mainly aims to remove colour, suspended
solids and other inorganic material from the wastewater.
Secondary treatment:
Textile wastewater is treated using biological methods
mainly aerobic to remove organic pollutants and make the
treated water safe for disposal. Many biological treatment
methods are available such as cyclic activated sludge process
(c-tech), activated sludge process (ASP), membrane bio
reactors (MBR), etc. The microorganisms convert colloidal
and dissolved carbonaceous organic matters into various
gases and cell tissues. Bacterial treatment removes the
colour to an appreciable extent and can reduce the BOD
more than 95%
40. Tertiary treatment:
Tertiary Treatment processes such as C-Tech and MBR can
produce water quality suitable for direct use in industry for
uses such as first wash of cloth, equipment cleaning, floor
washing, etc.
The degree of tertiary treatment and selection of process
depends on the quality of feed from biological process and
quality of treated water required after tertiary treatment.
It includes processes such as sand filtration, disc filtration,
activated carbon filtration, membrane filtration and
demineralization.
41. Organica Biotech Pvt Ltd has come up with
some solutions do deal with the issue of
pollution:
They have developed a line of specialized products called
Bioclean and CleanMaxx.
These are available in dry concentrate bacterial
formulations, designed to provide improved waste
degradation in waste water treatment plants.
These products are specially tailored to meet all
industrial needs and can biologically degrade diverse
molecules in a short span of time.
These can perform well in adverse environmental
conditions, even in presence of detergents and high TDS
levels.”
42. SFC Environmental Technologies Pvt. Ltd has
also come up with technologies in wastewater
treatment:
company introduce latest technologies in wastewater
treatment.
They made several treatment plants in India using our
biological treatment technology called C-Tech. It is a Cyclic
Activated Sludge Process with many advantages such as
highest performance in terms of BOD/COD/TSS removal
along with nutrient removal.
The other advantages include lowest operating cost,
lower power consumption, lower area requirement,
automatic plant operation, simultaneous nitrification and
denitrification, compact design, flexible operation, etc.
They supplied our technology to common effluent
treatment Plants (CETPs) of textile mills with capacities
ranging from 15 MLD to 100 MLD.”
They also introduced solar sludge drying technology in
India to address sludge disposal problems in textile industry
43. The electrochemical techniques have been proved to be
efficient in different oxidation or reduction steps of the
textile processes such as: bleaching denim fabrics or
reduction of sulphur and vat dyes, where their applications
are available in both natural and synthetic fibers.
They constitute a less harmful alternative than the
traditional processes.
The electrochemical treatments have been extensively
applied to the decontamination of wastewaters from the
textile processes.
The possibility of reusing dyeing effluents treated by
electrochemical methods is particularly interesting and it
implies an important saving of water and salt. This kind of
studies is especially important in Mediterranean countries,
where the river flow rates are low and their salinity is
nowadays an increasing environmental problem.
44. The textile industry uses the electrochemical techniques in
textile processes (such as decolorizing fabrics and dyeing
processes) and also in wastewaters treatments (color removal
from waste water
Electrochemical reduction reactions are mostly used in sulphur
and vat dyeing. they are applied to effluents discoloration.
These electro generated species are able to bleach indigo-dyed
denim fabrics and to degrade dyes in wastewater in order to
achieve the effluent color removal.
Electrochemistry refers to the use of electrical energy in
initiating chemical reactions, replacing traditional aid agents in
direct chemical reactions.
Now a day’s electrochemical techniques are used in the
bleaching of textile materials
The electrochemical methods are cleaner than
physicochemical and membrane technologies because they use
the electron as unique reagent and they do not produce solid
residues.
45. BLEACHING OF TEXILE MATERIALS:
The use of electrochemical techniques to generate in situ
this oxidant required for cotton bleaching by the electrolysis
of oxygen in the presence of an alkaline electrolyte. This
electrolyte proceeds from the scouring process.
The use of the electrolysis process in a combined scouring
and bleaching process, and the whiteness obtained in the
combined method is comparable to that obtained with
conventional methods.
The electrochemical techniques have been applied to bleach
raw fibers, their main application in bleaching field is the
discoloration of indigo–denim-dyed fabrics.
46. The most useful oxidant for bleaching indigo denims is
hypochlorite. The conventional method to obtain the
decolorized effect of these denims is based on the addition
of this chemical reagent to the dye bath, but recently the
generation in situ of the hypochlorite by an electrochemical
oxidation is becoming a more attractive method.
Electrochemical oxidation offers several advantages with
respect to the conventional method:
· Improvement in the process control and consistency,
· Lower-process costs due to the production of more
regular shades, the possibility of bleaching bath
regeneration and the lower amount of effluent generated.
47. DYEING PROCESS: DYES REDUCTION:
electrochemical techniques have been investigated in the
reduction of such dyes, which avoids the addition of
reducing agents as sodium dithionite.
Sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4) is the most used reducing
agent in the industrial dyeing process which also produce
large amount of sodium sulphate and toxic sulphite
products, but after its reaction with dye, it cannot be
recycled.
new procedures to reduce vat and sulphur dyes are
electrochemical reduction methods
electrochemical reduction processes are considered no
reagents addition is required, no by-products are formed
and no tertiary treatments are necessary to treat the final
effluents
48. WASTEWATER COLOR REMOVAL:
The application of electrochemical color removal methods
have been applied to industrial effluents.
The current physico-chemical methods, based on the
separation of dyes from the effluents, produce a residue
which requires an additional treatment to be destroyed
The electrochemical methods are a wide range of
investigations at laboratory and pilot-plant scale.
The advantage of these electrochemical techniques is
that electron is a clean reagent. They also have good
versatility and high-energy efficiency. They are easy for
automation and safety because it is possible to operate at
smooth conditions.
49. The main types of electrochemical methods
applied to wastewater treatment:
1] Electro coagulation Methods:
Electro coagulation systems provide electrochemical
aggregation of heavy metals, organic and inorganic
pollutants, to produce a coagulated residue to be separated
or removed from water.
This technique is an indirect electrochemical method
which produces coagulant agents (Fe3+ or Al3+) from the
electrode material (Fe or Al) in hydroxide medium. These
species, that is, Fe(OH)3, can remove dissolved dyes by
precipitation or by flotation.
These complexed compounds are attached to the bubbles
of H2 (gas) evolved at the cathode and transported to the
top of solution.
50. 2] Indirect Oxidation Methods:
The indirect electro-oxidation occurs when strong oxidants
are generated in situ during the electrolysis and react with
the organic pollutants such as dyestuffs, producing its total
or partial degradation.
A] Electro-oxidation with active chlorine which is major
oxidising agent. In this case, free-chlorine gaseous and/or
the generated chlorine-oxygen species such as hypochlorous
acid (hclo) or hypochlorite ions (clo−) depending on the ph,
oxidize the organic matter present in the effluents.
B] Electro-fenton process, where organics degradation
occurs by hydroxyl radicals (OH•) formed from Fenton’s
reaction between catalytic Fe2+ and H2O2, this hydrogen
peroxide is also electro generated from O2 reduction.
51. As some industrial waste-waters contain large amount of
chloride.
the combination of electrochemistry and chloride can
produce haloforms such as chloroform, although it is not an
inconvenient if the treated water is degraded lately in a
biological plant to accomplish its mineralization.
52. Color Removal from Textile and other
Industrial Wastewater using Ozone:
Ozone has been used for successfully for removal of color
from textile wastewater streams in plants around the world
as well as in other industrial wastewater processes.
In wastewater treatment, ozone is often used in
conjunction with biological treatment systems such as
activated sludge.
Ozone can be used prior to a biological process since it
has a tendency to convert organic molecules into
smaller more biodegradable species. This can enhance the
efficiency of the biological process.
Ozone is effective in removing the color from all dyes
used in textile processing.
53. Any material of textile origin which is not considered
suitable for its end user can be considered TEXTILE WASTE.
The main methods used for handling of textile waste are:
1. Reuse
2. Recycle
54. 1] Reuse:
Reusing an item for another purpose instead of the one for
which it was produced and initially utilized is a very effective
method of textile waste management.
Reuse of textile material reduces air and noise pollution by
saving the raw material resources and processes required for
making new items, and saves money on purchase as well as
disposal of textile products. Second hand clothing market
reuses the largest amount of post consumer textiles.
2] Recycle:
Recycling is the process by which the material is taken out
of a product which has been used up to desired level and this
raw material s then utilized to create an entirely new product.
As per report of an Environment Protection Agency, ninety
70% of the post consumer textile waste is recyclable.
E.g. Re-dying and painting some faded curtains to create a
new set of curtains. This process is least expensive and with
minimum effect on the environment and is called closed loop
recycling. Recycling of synthetic fabric products result in
savings in terms of petroleum, energy and reduction in
emission of green house gases.
55. Air Dye technology manages the application of color to
textiles without the use of water.
It was developed and patented by Colorep, a California-
based sustainable technology company. Depending on the
fabric, and type of dyeing, Air Dye uses up to 95% less water,
and up to 86% less energy, contributing 84% less to global
warming, according to an independent assessment requested
by the company
56. The Air Dye process employs air instead of water to
help the dyes penetrate fibers, a process that uses no
water and requires less energy than traditional methods
of dyeing; the technology works only on synthetic
materials and is currently available only in the United
States.
57. Features of Air dye Technology:
A] Does not pollute water in the color application
process. By using air instead of water to convey
dye, no hazardous waste is emitted and no
water is wasted.
B] Greatly reduces energy requirements, thereby
lowering costs and satisfying the strictest
standards of global responsibility.
C] Does not use boilers, screen printing machines,
drying ovens, or cleaning step and simplifies the
process, creating revolutionary possibilities of
new industry and employment in unfarmable,
arid regions of the world.
D] Gives consumers a way to choose style and
sustainability at a realistic price at the point of
purchase.
58. E] Environment: - The process of making textiles
can require several dozen gallons of water for
each pound of clothing, especially during the
dyeing process. 2.4 trillion gallons of water are
used in synthetic dyeing, Air Dye’s addressable
market, and each year. Air Dye technology
eliminates hazardous wastewater as a by-
product of dyeing fabric. Water scarcity affects
one in three people on every continent and is
getting worse as water needs rise with
population growth, urbanization and increased
usage by households and industries
F] Depending on the fabric, and type of dyeing, Air
Dye uses up to 95% less water, and up to 86%
less energy, contributing 84% less to global
warming, according to an independent
assessment. Additionally, some companies state
that with
59. The Air Dye process manufactures fabric that can be
washed at any temperature, with whites or colors,
with or without bleach.
Because the Air Dye process injects the dyes in the
fabric and not on the fabric, bleach and cleaning
agents do not affect them.
i) With Air dye, a company estimates for every
25,000 T-shirts sold, the plant will save: Energy: -
1,132,500 mega joules Water: - 157,500 gallons
Green House Emissions: - 57,500 (Kg CO2 equiv.
emissions) by using Air Dyeing amount of fresh
gallons of water can be saved instead of traditional
dyeing methods.
60. Plasma Technology - Plasma, very reactive ions, which
modify chemical structure and surface properties of
textile material. Despite this being costly technology
initially, it offers greater production rate, less production
cost, better products and most importantly, finishes on
fabrics that are either difficult to obtain by other
technology or not obtained at all.
61. Ultrasonic Assisted Textile Processing- Ultrasound is a
cyclic sound pressure which creates vibrational energy in
dyes molecules and substrate and increase reaction
efficiency and exhaustion. This technique offers less
thermal energy requirement, less effluent load,
processing through less amount of dyes and auxiliaries
and requires smaller size of plant.
62. Application of nano technology in textiles-Nano
finishes has size in the range of 1 to 100 nm, act as
catalysts that help break down carbon-based molecules,
and require only sunlight to trigger the reaction & being
developed for textile substrates are at their infantile
stage. However, the new concepts exploited for the
development of nano finishes have opened up exciting
opportunities for further R&D.
63. Use of enzyme in textile processing for green
technology-Advances in enzymology, molecular biology
and screening techniques provide possibilities for the
development of new enzyme-based processes for a more
environmentally friendly approach in the textile industry.
Unfortunately most of enzymes are not certified from
various environmental & safety communities only
because these are genetically modified otherwise these
are non polluting processes.
64. Special finish developments-The consumer safety,
resource saving and environment protection contribute
to safer textiles and a better future are commitment of
Vardhman group, and producing such products in
production of special class of finishes, some of which are
formaldehyde free resin finished fabric, fluorine free oil
& water repellent fabric, cool comfort fabric, anti UV
fabric etc..
65. Sustainable Technology = Economic Growth
+
Environmental Protection
Sustainable technology refers to the technology which caters
the needs of the present without compromising the ability of
future generation to meet their own needs. It enables more
valuable use of the natural resources & greatly reduced
ecological impact among other technological
benefits. Though sustainable technology deals with energy
efficiency, reduction in pollution, use of renewable sources, it
should also be economically sustainable!
Textile industry is among the most essential consumer
goods industry in the world. At every stage of the textile
production, vast amount of energy, clean water & chemicals
are being used to process the textiles & apparels.
66. At every stage of the textile production, vast amount of energy,
clean water & chemicals are being used to process the textiles &
apparels. In turn these processes generate air, water & soil pollution
through untreated effluent generation & waste generation which
place heavy burden on environment.
The World Bank estimates that almost 20% of global industrial
water pollution comes from the treatment and dyeing of textiles.
67. Some of Sustainable Technologies in
Textile Machineries:
Exhaust Piece Dyeing:
Cold Pad Batch Dyeing:
Continuous Dyeing
Monforts Eco Applicator
68. AWARENESS:
Some of the dyes and chemicals can even cause chronic
diseases.
It is very important to bring about awareness amongst
textile manufacturers & end-users. Entire textile value chain
should take the initiative to manufacture the goods
economically with sustainable processes & technologies with
minimum or no impact on environment or consumer.
Technology is a key to reach sustainability targets of the
Textile industry.
Sustainability is an issue with hard economic aspects.
Some of remarkable innovations in technology have paved
the way for sustainable production technologies, but there is
huge scope further for all technology providers to upgrade
technology which will help in economical production of
the goods in sustainable manner!
Let us carve out…
Better Tomorrow!!!
69. Reference
http://www.sciencedirect.com/
Indian journal of fibre & textile research
Vol.26, march-June 2001,pp.61-73.
http://www.natural-environment.com/
http://www.patagonia.com/
http://www.oecotextiles.wordpress.com/
http://www.testex.com/Appearal_Production_Using _Eco_Friendly
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