Implementation of Different Techniques Towards Improvement of Energy Efficiency and Safety of Electrical Installation in Bangladesh

1. 1
Implementation of Different Techniques
Towards Improvement of Energy Efficiency
and Safety of Electrical Installation in
Bangladesh

2. 2
Implementation of Different Techniques Towards Improvement of Energy Efficiency
and Safety of Electrical Installation in Bangladesh
Supervised by
Md. Fayyaz Khan, PhD
Professor, dept. of EEE
Group Members
Istiak Mahmood Ayon ID:021 101 005
MD. Ashraful Anowar ID:021 101 018
MD. Tuhin Reza ID:021 101 025
MD. Tareq Ur Rahman ID:021 101 035

3. 3
Limitations in industries
Safety concerns
 Improper Earthing System
 Absence of Lightning Protection
 Insufficient Fire Fighter system
Efficiency Improvements
Unused rooftop can be used for solar energy
Improper use of highly efficient electrical gadgets

4. 4
Project Objectives
Efficiency Improvement
Implementation and cost calculation of solar energy.
Design of intelligent load control device to ensure
proper use of power
Safety Aspects
 Design of Lightning Protection
 Design of Fire Fighting System

5. 5
What is Energy efficiency ?
Using less energy to provide the same output
Reduction in Efficiency
Due to heat dissipation.
Due to improper insulation.
Unhealthy working environment in factories.

6. How to improve the system?
 Proper room insulation.
 Proper ventilation system.
 Equipment needs regular preventive maintenance.
 Intelligent device that can reduce power loss.
We developed two techniques to improve the efficiency of the system
1) Automatic load control device.
2) Minimizing the heat gain and generating additional power supply by
implementing solar panel on the roof top of a factory.

7. Automatic Load Control Device
Detects the power consumption under different load conditions.
Determines whether the power consumption is high or low.
Detects whether the user taking the power legally or illegally.
 Disconnects the SDB during illegal power consumption.
There are two parts of the Device
 Disconnects the heavy and unessential loads during stand by operation
of the generator.
 Measuring the power consumption during generator supply it gives
intelligent decision.

8. Automatic Load Control Device
Part 1 (Disconnects the heavy loads during load shedding)
 Hall effect sensor
 Solenoid
 Microcontroller
 Relay
 Transformer 220/12
 Rectifier etc.
0 50 100 150 200 250
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
No of turns
fluxdensity
operating point
o

9. Algorithm
Takes proportional voltage from Gen. supply
Step down the voltage & Rectification
Magnetic field of Solenoid is applied to Hall sensor
Output of hall sensor applied to the microcontroller
Microcontroller disconnects the heavy load

10. Automatic Load Control Device
Part 2 (Measures the power consumption in the load end
and determines whether it is low or high)
 Hall effect current sensor
 Solenoid
 Amplifier
 Rectifier etc.

11. How does the hardware work
Microcontroller detects the Gen. supply
Current sensor will sense the current &
give voltage as output
Amplify & Rectify the voltage
Apply voltage to the microcontroller
• If heavy load is
switched off, alarm
stops.
• If not, then the SDB is
disconnected.
Microcontroller
turn on alarm

12. Solar panel implementation in a factory
Reduce heat gain from the ceiling
Increase in Energy efficiency of the machines
Increase the lifetime of the machines
Gives additional energy
Draw less amount of power from the PDB
Cost effective

13. Design For Knit Concern Printing Unit Ltd.
Area of the roof = 10,000 sqr.ft
Implementation area of the solar panel = 5,000 sqr.ft
Solar panel of 200 watt
Considering average output at average sun sunshine = 150 watt
length of the panel = 4.86ft
Width of the panel = 3.255ft
Angle between the panel and the surface = 23 degrees
Area for each solar panel = 19.42056 sqr.ft

14. Production of electricity from the solar panel
Total Number of solar panel implemented = 258
Total Power = 38.7 KW
# Lights = 360 (10watt)
# Fans = 360 (40watt)
# Swing Machine = 150 (100watt)
# Exhaust Fan = 12 (370watt 500mm Blade)
Total Load = 37.4 KW

15. 15
Necessity of Safety
 Protect electrical equipment
 Protect building from damage
 Saves life

16. One of the most important part of safety is earthing
Without earthing system people get shock in fault condition
In Bangladesh most of the industries don’t use proper earthing system
Earthing resistance more than 1 ohm which is not preferable

17. With earthing system
People doesn’t get shock in fault time
The fault current goes through the earthing

18. Three types of earthing system
 TN system
 IT system
 TT system
In Bangladesh commonly TT system is used
 Each installation has it’s own
local connection to earth
 Independent of any earthing
connection at the generator.
 Protective earth conductor(PE)
cost is low
 Easy to install

19. Our Suggestion to Industry
Each industry should install earthing system properly
Earthing system should check at least two time within a year
if earthing resistance become more than 1 , following step should
be taken-
- place the erathing rod where earth resistance is minimum
- use low resistivity earthing rod

20. 20
Designing a lightning arrester to protect the solar panel in
a medium industry
Importance
1) Lightning arrester protects buildings and
electrical equipments from damage.
2) Save life’s.
Application area
1) Top of a building
2) Transmission Line
3) Communication Tower etc.
most of the industries don’t install the lightning arrester

21. Designing a lightning arrester to protect the solar panel in a
medium industry
Protection Area = 526 sq. feet

22. Major equipment of lightning arrester design
Air terminal
Copper conductor
Earthing rod

23. Protective radius calculation of our design
Consider air terminal as prevecton-2 model No.
6.60—
For this model protective radius,
Rp =
Height , h = 5m
Protective level, D= 20m
Triggering advance
So ,Rp=
= 79 meter

24. Copper cable size calculation
Price list

25. Our Final lightning arrester design of that medium industry

26. Safety
Fire Safety
Fire hazard is common phenomenon in Bangladesh. Most of the
garments factory have no proper fire fighting system.
Two types of fire safety system:-
1)Conventional system
2)Addressable system
 We suggest an effective and efficient fire fighter design for a
garment factory

27. Advantages of small Zone system
 Can give exact location of the fire.
 Required small amount of water for distinguishing fire.
 Cheaper because less connecting wire and energy required.
Safety
Three main elements of our design
 Initiating device(smoke detector, Heat detector, )
 Addressable control panel
 Notification appliances(Bells, smoke control ,door holder)

28. Safety
•Initiating device
smoke detector
Two types of smoke detector
1) Ionization Smoke Detectors
2) Photoelectric Smoke Detectors

29. OKOKOKFault DetectedFault Detected
Control Panel
24v Smoke
detector
R
Normal condition ,I=24/6000=.04A
Fault condition ,I=24/2 =12A
=6k

30. Control Panel
ZONE 1
ZONE 2
ZONE 3
ZONE 4
ZONE 5
ZONE 6
ROOM 1 ROOM 2 ROOM 3 ROOM 4 ROOM 5
ROOM 1 ROOM 2 ROOM 3 ROOM 4 ROOM 5
ROOM 1 ROOM 2 ROOM 3 ROOM 4 ROOM 5
ROOM 1 ROOM 2
ROOM 2
ROOM 2
ROOM 1
ROOM 1
ROOM 3
ROOM 3
ROOM 3
ROOM 4
ROOM 4
ROOM 4
ROOM 5
ROOM 5

31. Control Panel
ZONE 1
ZONE 2
ZONE 3
ZONE 4
ZONE 5
ZONE 6
ROOM 1 ROOM 2 ROOM 3 ROOM 4 ROOM 5
ROOM 1 ROOM 2 ROOM 3 ROOM 4 ROOM 5
ROOM 1 ROOM 2 ROOM 3 ROOM 4 ROOM 5
ROOM 1 ROOM 2
ROOM 2
ROOM 2
ROOM 1
ROOM 1
ROOM 3
ROOM 3
ROOM 3
ROOM 4
ROOM 4
ROOM 4
ROOM 5
ROOM 5

32. Control Panel
Exit

33. Conclusion
 Use energy efficient electrical equipments.
 Use renewable energy in factories.
 Implementation of effective safety system.
 Ensure proper electrical safety like earthiing and equipotential bonding.

34. 34
Thank you
Any question?