Abstract This paper is elaborate the model of humanoid robot interacts with human being and perform various operation as per the command given by the human being. A humanoid robot having Synthetic brain can able to do Interaction, communication, Object detection, information acquisition about any object, response to voice command, chatting logically with human beings. Object detection will be done by this robot for that purpose there is use image processing concept (HAAR Technique), And to make the system intelligent that is whenever system interact, communicate, chat with human it gives proper response, question / answers there is integrates artificial intelligence and DFA / NFA automata and Prolog language concept for answering logically over the complex and relevant strings or data. Keywords —Humanoid Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, Image Processing, Audio Filtering.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Python is an object-oriented programming language created by Guido Rossum in 1989. It is ideally designed for rapid prototyping of complex applications. It has interfaces to many OS system calls and libraries and is extensible to C or C++. Many large companies use the Python programming language, including NASA, Google, YouTube, BitTorrent, etc.
In this file, a simple search for pattern recognition will be explained, and it contains a summary of everything you want to know, and there are some important sources and information in it.
download it from here: https://exe.io/56WbRkf
This Presentation will give you an overview about Artificial Intelligence : definition, advantages , Categories of AI, Types of AI, disadvantages , benefits , applications .
We hope it to be useful .
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Python is an object-oriented programming language created by Guido Rossum in 1989. It is ideally designed for rapid prototyping of complex applications. It has interfaces to many OS system calls and libraries and is extensible to C or C++. Many large companies use the Python programming language, including NASA, Google, YouTube, BitTorrent, etc.
In this file, a simple search for pattern recognition will be explained, and it contains a summary of everything you want to know, and there are some important sources and information in it.
download it from here: https://exe.io/56WbRkf
This Presentation will give you an overview about Artificial Intelligence : definition, advantages , Categories of AI, Types of AI, disadvantages , benefits , applications .
We hope it to be useful .
The Project is based on design & implementation of smart hybrid system for street sign boards recognition, text and speech conversions through character extraction and symbol matching. The default language use to pronounce signs on the street boards is English. Here we are proposing a novel method to convert identified character or symbol into multiple languages like Hindi, Marathi, Urdu, etc. This Project is helpful to all starting from the visually impaired, the tourists, the illiterates and all the people who travel. The system is accomplished with the speech pronunciation in different languages and to display on screen. This Project has a multidisciplinary approach as it belongs to the domains like computer vision, speech processing, & Google cloud platform. Computer vision is used for character and symbol extraction from sign boards. Speech processing is used for text to speech conversion. GCP is used for multiple language conversion of original extracted text. Further programming is done for real time pronunciation and displaying desired output.
learn concepts by searching the Internet. can interpret natural language text, images, and videos. watch humans with sensors and learn things from interacting with them.
Handwritten Text Recognition and Digital Text Conversionijtsrd
Sometimes it is extremely difficult to secure handwritten documents in the real world. While doing so, we may encounter many problems such as misplacing the documents, unavailability of access from anywhere, physical damage, etc. So, to keep the information secure, we convert that information into digital format to address all the above mentioned problems. The main aim of our application is to recognize hand written text and display it in digital text format. Image processing is very significant process for data analysis these days. In image processing, the visible text from the real world as input must be processed precisely in order to produce the same information as output with accuracy. To do this, the text present in the image must be recognized by the system accurately. The proposed system aims at achieving these results. The process goes in this way The image which contains the handwritten text is fed to the system is passed into neural network which recognizes the handwritten text present in the image and displays it in the form of digital text. This can be used for many purposes such as copying the digital text for using it elsewhere, producing formal documents and can also be used as input for data processing. Using this process, we can store the information in a secure way, we can access the information from anywhere or at any time and there is no scope for physical damage as the information is in digital format. Mr. B. Ravinder Reddy | J. Nandini | P. Sowmya | Y. Sathwik ""Handwritten Text Recognition and Digital Text Conversion"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23508.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/data-processing/23508/handwritten-text-recognition-and-digital-text-conversion/mr-b-ravinder-reddy
Speech is the most important way of communication for people. Using the speech as the interface for processes became more important with the improvements of artificial intelligence. In this project, it is implemented to control a wheelchair with speech comment. Speech commends were taken to the computer by the microphone, the features were extracted with The Mel Frequency Spectral Coefficients algorithms and they were recognized by the help of Artificial Neural Networks. Finally, the comments have converted the form in which the wheel chair can recognize and move accordingly. Our proposed system aim at a robotic vehicle operated by human speech commands. The system operates with the use of an android device which transmits voice commands to raspberry pi to achieve this functionality. The transmitter consists of the android phone Bluetooth device. The voice commands recognized by the module are transmitted through the Bluetooth transmitter. These commands are detected by the wheel chair in order to move it in left, right, backward and front directions. The Bluetooth receiver mounted on raspberry pi is used to recognize the transmitted commands and decode them. The controller then drives the vehicle motors to move it accordingly. This is done with the use of a driver IC used to control the motor movements. The Bluetooth technology used to transmit and receive data allows for remotely operating the system within a good range. Voice operated robot is used for one moving object is developed such that it is moved as per commands are given by the voice recognition module and that command is received by robot and robot is matched the given command with stored program and then set the command as per voice using wireless communication.
Signboard Text Translator: A Guide to TouristIJECEIAES
The travelers face troubles in understanding the signboards which are written in local lan- guage. The travelers can rely on smart phone for traveling purposes. Smart phones become most popular in recent years in terms of market value and the number of useful applications to the users. This work intends to build up a web application that can recognize the English content present on signboard pictures captured using a smart phone, translate the content from English to Telugu, and display the translated Telugu text back onto the screen of the phone. Experiments have been conducted on various signboard pictures and the outcomes demonstrate the viability of the proposed approach.
The best programming language for Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning🖥 Anna Danilec
As a developer or a person interested in Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence, you can find out which programming language will be the best for you to start and which one is the most common in this part of IT.
Introduction to Artificial Intelligence describing domains of AI including machine learning , deep learning , natural language processing , speech recognition.
A STUDY ON OPTICAL CHARACTER RECOGNITION TECHNIQUESijcsitcejournal
Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is the process which enables a system to without human intervention
identifies the scripts or alphabets written into the users’ verbal communication. Optical Character
identification has grown to be individual of the mainly flourishing applications of knowledge in the field of
pattern detection and artificial intelligence. In our survey we study on the various OCR techniques. In this
paper we resolve and examine the hypothetical and numerical models of Optical Character Identification.
The Optical character identification or classification (OCR) and Magnetic Character Recognition (MCR)
techniques are generally utilized for the recognition of patterns or alphabets. In general the alphabets are
in the variety of pixel pictures and it could be either handwritten or stamped, of any series, shape or
direction etc. Alternatively in MCR the alphabets are stamped with magnetic ink and the studying machine
categorize the alphabet on the basis of the exclusive magnetic field that is shaped by every alphabet. Both
MCR and OCR discover utilization in banking and different trade appliances. Earlier exploration going on
Optical Character detection or recognition has shown that the In Handwritten text there is no limitation
lying on the script technique. Hand written correspondence is complicated to be familiar through due to
diverse human handwriting style, disparity in angle, size and shape of calligraphy. An assortment of
approaches of Optical Character Identification is discussed here all along through their achievement.
This research tries to find out amethodology through which any data from the daily-use printed bills and invoices can be extracted. The data from these bills or invoices can be used extensively later on –such as machine learning or statistical analysis. This research focuses on extraction of final bill-amount, itinerary, date and similar data from bills and invoices as they encapsulate an ample amount of information about the users purchases, likes or dislikes etc. Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology is a system that provides a full alphanumeric recognition of printed or handwritten characters from images. Initially, OpenCV has been used to detect the bill or invoice from the image and filter out the unnecessary noise from the image. Then intermediate image is passed for further processing using Tesseract OCR engine, which is an optical character recognition engine. Tesseract intends to apply Text Segmentation in order to extract written text in various fonts and languages. Our methodology proves to be highly accurate while tested on a variety of input images of bills and invoices.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Presentation on the New Technology based on the recognition of letters that would be available on Soft and Hard copy both and allow all the format in Soft Copy. Optical character Recognition based on the recognition of letters with all the existing languages.
ОРРЛА - инвентаризация складов и магазинов. Разработка презентацииLidia Dranik
Creating the presentation for the inventarization company ORLA.For details see some pages of this presentation here: http://liblab.co/portfolio/orrla-inventarizatsiya-prezentatsiya
Also you can see my whole portfolio on http://liblab.co/portfolio/
Разработка презентации компании и услуг: маркетинг и структурирование, копирайтинг, дизайн. ОРРЛА - инвентаризационная компания.
The Project is based on design & implementation of smart hybrid system for street sign boards recognition, text and speech conversions through character extraction and symbol matching. The default language use to pronounce signs on the street boards is English. Here we are proposing a novel method to convert identified character or symbol into multiple languages like Hindi, Marathi, Urdu, etc. This Project is helpful to all starting from the visually impaired, the tourists, the illiterates and all the people who travel. The system is accomplished with the speech pronunciation in different languages and to display on screen. This Project has a multidisciplinary approach as it belongs to the domains like computer vision, speech processing, & Google cloud platform. Computer vision is used for character and symbol extraction from sign boards. Speech processing is used for text to speech conversion. GCP is used for multiple language conversion of original extracted text. Further programming is done for real time pronunciation and displaying desired output.
learn concepts by searching the Internet. can interpret natural language text, images, and videos. watch humans with sensors and learn things from interacting with them.
Handwritten Text Recognition and Digital Text Conversionijtsrd
Sometimes it is extremely difficult to secure handwritten documents in the real world. While doing so, we may encounter many problems such as misplacing the documents, unavailability of access from anywhere, physical damage, etc. So, to keep the information secure, we convert that information into digital format to address all the above mentioned problems. The main aim of our application is to recognize hand written text and display it in digital text format. Image processing is very significant process for data analysis these days. In image processing, the visible text from the real world as input must be processed precisely in order to produce the same information as output with accuracy. To do this, the text present in the image must be recognized by the system accurately. The proposed system aims at achieving these results. The process goes in this way The image which contains the handwritten text is fed to the system is passed into neural network which recognizes the handwritten text present in the image and displays it in the form of digital text. This can be used for many purposes such as copying the digital text for using it elsewhere, producing formal documents and can also be used as input for data processing. Using this process, we can store the information in a secure way, we can access the information from anywhere or at any time and there is no scope for physical damage as the information is in digital format. Mr. B. Ravinder Reddy | J. Nandini | P. Sowmya | Y. Sathwik ""Handwritten Text Recognition and Digital Text Conversion"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23508.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/data-processing/23508/handwritten-text-recognition-and-digital-text-conversion/mr-b-ravinder-reddy
Speech is the most important way of communication for people. Using the speech as the interface for processes became more important with the improvements of artificial intelligence. In this project, it is implemented to control a wheelchair with speech comment. Speech commends were taken to the computer by the microphone, the features were extracted with The Mel Frequency Spectral Coefficients algorithms and they were recognized by the help of Artificial Neural Networks. Finally, the comments have converted the form in which the wheel chair can recognize and move accordingly. Our proposed system aim at a robotic vehicle operated by human speech commands. The system operates with the use of an android device which transmits voice commands to raspberry pi to achieve this functionality. The transmitter consists of the android phone Bluetooth device. The voice commands recognized by the module are transmitted through the Bluetooth transmitter. These commands are detected by the wheel chair in order to move it in left, right, backward and front directions. The Bluetooth receiver mounted on raspberry pi is used to recognize the transmitted commands and decode them. The controller then drives the vehicle motors to move it accordingly. This is done with the use of a driver IC used to control the motor movements. The Bluetooth technology used to transmit and receive data allows for remotely operating the system within a good range. Voice operated robot is used for one moving object is developed such that it is moved as per commands are given by the voice recognition module and that command is received by robot and robot is matched the given command with stored program and then set the command as per voice using wireless communication.
Signboard Text Translator: A Guide to TouristIJECEIAES
The travelers face troubles in understanding the signboards which are written in local lan- guage. The travelers can rely on smart phone for traveling purposes. Smart phones become most popular in recent years in terms of market value and the number of useful applications to the users. This work intends to build up a web application that can recognize the English content present on signboard pictures captured using a smart phone, translate the content from English to Telugu, and display the translated Telugu text back onto the screen of the phone. Experiments have been conducted on various signboard pictures and the outcomes demonstrate the viability of the proposed approach.
The best programming language for Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning🖥 Anna Danilec
As a developer or a person interested in Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence, you can find out which programming language will be the best for you to start and which one is the most common in this part of IT.
Introduction to Artificial Intelligence describing domains of AI including machine learning , deep learning , natural language processing , speech recognition.
A STUDY ON OPTICAL CHARACTER RECOGNITION TECHNIQUESijcsitcejournal
Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is the process which enables a system to without human intervention
identifies the scripts or alphabets written into the users’ verbal communication. Optical Character
identification has grown to be individual of the mainly flourishing applications of knowledge in the field of
pattern detection and artificial intelligence. In our survey we study on the various OCR techniques. In this
paper we resolve and examine the hypothetical and numerical models of Optical Character Identification.
The Optical character identification or classification (OCR) and Magnetic Character Recognition (MCR)
techniques are generally utilized for the recognition of patterns or alphabets. In general the alphabets are
in the variety of pixel pictures and it could be either handwritten or stamped, of any series, shape or
direction etc. Alternatively in MCR the alphabets are stamped with magnetic ink and the studying machine
categorize the alphabet on the basis of the exclusive magnetic field that is shaped by every alphabet. Both
MCR and OCR discover utilization in banking and different trade appliances. Earlier exploration going on
Optical Character detection or recognition has shown that the In Handwritten text there is no limitation
lying on the script technique. Hand written correspondence is complicated to be familiar through due to
diverse human handwriting style, disparity in angle, size and shape of calligraphy. An assortment of
approaches of Optical Character Identification is discussed here all along through their achievement.
This research tries to find out amethodology through which any data from the daily-use printed bills and invoices can be extracted. The data from these bills or invoices can be used extensively later on –such as machine learning or statistical analysis. This research focuses on extraction of final bill-amount, itinerary, date and similar data from bills and invoices as they encapsulate an ample amount of information about the users purchases, likes or dislikes etc. Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology is a system that provides a full alphanumeric recognition of printed or handwritten characters from images. Initially, OpenCV has been used to detect the bill or invoice from the image and filter out the unnecessary noise from the image. Then intermediate image is passed for further processing using Tesseract OCR engine, which is an optical character recognition engine. Tesseract intends to apply Text Segmentation in order to extract written text in various fonts and languages. Our methodology proves to be highly accurate while tested on a variety of input images of bills and invoices.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Presentation on the New Technology based on the recognition of letters that would be available on Soft and Hard copy both and allow all the format in Soft Copy. Optical character Recognition based on the recognition of letters with all the existing languages.
ОРРЛА - инвентаризация складов и магазинов. Разработка презентацииLidia Dranik
Creating the presentation for the inventarization company ORLA.For details see some pages of this presentation here: http://liblab.co/portfolio/orrla-inventarizatsiya-prezentatsiya
Also you can see my whole portfolio on http://liblab.co/portfolio/
Разработка презентации компании и услуг: маркетинг и структурирование, копирайтинг, дизайн. ОРРЛА - инвентаризационная компания.
Using Sales Triggers for Account-Based Marketing & SalesDataFox
Modern marketers and salespeople are expected to generate revenue. With the rise of account-based strategies, they're teaming up more than ever before to accelerate growth.
Dynamic Assessment of Air Temperature for Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum) Cu...Redmond R. Shamshiri
Net-screen covered greenhouses operating on natural ventilation are used as a sustainable approach for closed-field cultivation of fruits and vegetables and to eliminate insect passage and subsequent production damage. The objective of this work was to develop a real-time assessment framework for evaluating air-temperature inside an insect-proof net-screen greenhouse in tropical lowlands of Malaysia prior to cultivation of tomato. Mathematical description of a growth response model was implemented and used in a computer application. A custom-designed data acquisition system was built for collecting 6 months of air-temperature data, during July to December 2014. For each measured air-temperature (T), an optimality degree, denoted by Opt(T), was calculated with respect to different light conditions (sun, cloud, night) and different growth stages. Interactive three-dimensional plots were generated to demonstrate variations in Opt(T) values due to different hours and days in a growth season. Results showed that, air temperature was never less than 25% optimal for early growth, and 51% for vegetative to mature fruiting growth stages. The average Opt(T) in the entire 6 months was between 65 and 75%. The presented framework allows tomato growers to automatically collect and process raw air temperature data and to simulate growth responses at different growth stages and light conditions. The software database can be used to track and record Opt(T) values from any greenhouses with different structure design, covering materials, cooling system and growing seasons, and to contribute to knowledge-based decision support systems and energy balance models.
Book review of "Child of the dark" by Carolina Maria de Jesus. The incredible survival story of a mother and her children that opened the eyes of the world to the plight of the poor in 3rd world countries.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
ROBOT HUMAN INTERFACE FOR HOUSEKEEPER ROBOT WITH WIRELESS CAPABILITIESIJCNCJournal
This paper presents the design and implementation of a Human Interface for a housekeeper robot. It bases
on the idea of making the robot understand the human needs without making the human go through the
details of robots work, for example, the way that the robot implements the work or the method that the
robot uses to plan the path in order to reach the work area. The interface commands based on idioms of the
natural human language and designed in a manner that the user gives the robot several commands with
their execution date/time. As a result, the robot has a list of tasks to be doneon certain dates/times.
However, the robot performs the tasks assigned to it without any human intervention and then gives
feedback to the human about each task progress in a dedicated list. As well as, the user decides to get the
feedback either through the interface, through the wireless communication, or both of them. Hence, the
user’s presence not necessary during the robot tasks execution.
Artificial Intelligence Research Topics for PhD Manuscripts 2021 - PhdassistancePhD Assistance
Imagine a world where knowledge isn’t limited to humans!!! A world in which computers will think and collaborate with humans to create a more exciting universe. Although this future is still a long way off, Artificial Intelligence has made significant progress in recent years. In almost every area of AI, such as quantum computing, healthcare, autonomous vehicles, the internet of things, robotics, and so on, there is a lot of research going on. So much so that the number of annual Published Research Papers on Artificial Intelligence has increased by 90% since 1996.
Ph.D. Assistance serves as an external mentor to brainstorm your idea and translate that into a research model. Hiring a mentor or tutor is common and therefore let your research committee know about the same. We do not offer any writing services without the involvement of the researcher.
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Computer Science
Active and Programmable Networks
Active safety systems
Ad Hoc & Sensor Network
Ad hoc networks for pervasive communications
Adaptive, autonomic and context-aware computing
Advance Computing technology and their application
Advanced Computing Architectures and New Programming Models
Advanced control and measurement
Aeronautical Engineering,
Agent-based middleware
Alert applications
Automotive, marine and aero-space control and all other control applications
Autonomic and self-managing middleware
Autonomous vehicle
Biochemistry
Bioinformatics
BioTechnology(Chemistry, Mathematics, Statistics, Geology)
Broadband and intelligent networks
Broadband wireless technologies
CAD/CAM/CAT/CIM
Call admission and flow/congestion control
Capacity planning and dimensioning
Changing Access to Patient Information
Channel capacity modelling and analysis
Civil Engineering,
Cloud Computing and Applications
Collaborative applications
Communication application
Communication architectures for pervasive computing
Communication systems
Computational intelligence
Computer and microprocessor-based control
Computer Architecture and Embedded Systems
Computer Business
Computer Sciences and Applications
Computer Vision
Computer-based information systems in health care
Computing Ethics
Computing Practices & Applications
Congestion and/or Flow Control
Content Distribution
Context-awareness and middleware
Creativity in Internet management and retailing
Cross-layer design and Physical layer based issue
Cryptography
Data Base Management
Data fusion
Data Mining
Data retrieval
Data Storage Management
Decision analysis methods
Decision making
Digital Economy and Digital Divide
Digital signal processing theory
Distributed Sensor Networks
Drives automation
Drug Design,
Drug Development
DSP implementation
E-Business
E-Commerce
E-Government
Electronic transceiver device for Retail Marketing Industries
Electronics Engineering,
Embeded Computer System
Emerging advances in business and its applications
Emerging signal processing areas
Enabling technologies for pervasive systems
Energy-efficient and green pervasive computing
Environmental Engineering,
Estimation and identification techniques
Evaluation techniques for middleware solutions
Event-based, publish/subscribe, and message-oriented middleware
Evolutionary computing and intelligent systems
Expert approaches
Facilities planning and management
Flexible manufacturing systems
Formal methods and tools for designing
Fuzzy algorithms
Fuzzy logics
GPS and location-based app
Mechanical properties of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete for pavementseSAT Journals
Abstract
The effect of addition of mono fibers and hybrid fibers on the mechanical properties of concrete mixture is studied in the present
investigation. Steel fibers of 1% and polypropylene fibers 0.036% were added individually to the concrete mixture as mono fibers and
then they were added together to form a hybrid fiber reinforced concrete. Mechanical properties such as compressive, split tensile and
flexural strength were determined. The results show that hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength marginally as compared to
mono fibers. Whereas, hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength noticeably.
Keywords:-Hybridization, mono fibers, steel fiber, polypropylene fiber, Improvement in mechanical properties.
Material management in construction – a case studyeSAT Journals
Abstract
The objective of the present study is to understand about all the problems occurring in the company because of improper application
of material management. In construction project operation, often there is a project cost variance in terms of the material, equipments,
manpower, subcontractor, overhead cost, and general condition. Material is the main component in construction projects. Therefore,
if the material management is not properly managed it will create a project cost variance. Project cost can be controlled by taking
corrective actions towards the cost variance. Therefore a methodology is used to diagnose and evaluate the procurement process
involved in material management and launch a continuous improvement was developed and applied. A thorough study was carried
out along with study of cases, surveys and interviews to professionals involved in this area. As a result, a methodology for diagnosis
and improvement was proposed and tested in selected projects. The results obtained show that the main problem of procurement is
related to schedule delays and lack of specified quality for the project. To prevent this situation it is often necessary to dedicate
important resources like money, personnel, time, etc. To monitor and control the process. A great potential for improvement was
detected if state of the art technologies such as, electronic mail, electronic data interchange (EDI), and analysis were applied to the
procurement process. These helped to eliminate the root causes for many types of problems that were detected.
Managing drought short term strategies in semi arid regions a case studyeSAT Journals
Abstract
Drought management needs multidisciplinary action. Interdisciplinary efforts among the experts in various fields of the droughts
prone areas are helpful to achieve tangible and permanent solution for this recurring problem. The Gulbarga district having the total
area around 16, 240 sq.km, and accounts 8.45 per cent of the Karnataka state area. The district has been situated with latitude 17º 19'
60" North and longitude of 76 º 49' 60" east. The district is situated entirely on the Deccan plateau positioned at a height of 300 to
750 m above MSL. Sub-tropical, semi-arid type is one among the drought prone districts of Karnataka State. The drought
management is very important for a district like Gulbarga. In this paper various short term strategies are discussed to mitigate the
drought condition in the district.
Keywords: Drought, South-West monsoon, Semi-Arid, Rainfall, Strategies etc.
Life cycle cost analysis of overlay for an urban road in bangaloreeSAT Journals
Abstract
Pavements are subjected to severe condition of stresses and weathering effects from the day they are constructed and opened to traffic
mainly due to its fatigue behavior and environmental effects. Therefore, pavement rehabilitation is one of the most important
components of entire road systems. This paper highlights the design of concrete pavement with added mono fibers like polypropylene,
steel and hybrid fibres for a widened portion of existing concrete pavement and various overlay alternatives for an existing
bituminous pavement in an urban road in Bangalore. Along with this, Life cycle cost analyses at these sections are done by Net
Present Value (NPV) method to identify the most feasible option. The results show that though the initial cost of construction of
concrete overlay is high, over a period of time it prove to be better than the bituminous overlay considering the whole life cycle cost.
The economic analysis also indicates that, out of the three fibre options, hybrid reinforced concrete would be economical without
compromising the performance of the pavement.
Keywords: - Fatigue, Life cycle cost analysis, Net Present Value method, Overlay, Rehabilitation
Laboratory studies of dense bituminous mixes ii with reclaimed asphalt materialseSAT Journals
Abstract
The issue of growing demand on our nation’s roadways over that past couple of decades, decreasing budgetary funds, and the need to
provide a safe, efficient, and cost effective roadway system has led to a dramatic increase in the need to rehabilitate our existing
pavements and the issue of building sustainable road infrastructure in India. With these emergency of the mentioned needs and this
are today’s burning issue and has become the purpose of the study.
In the present study, the samples of existing bituminous layer materials were collected from NH-48(Devahalli to Hassan) site.The
mixtures were designed by Marshall Method as per Asphalt institute (MS-II) at 20% and 30% Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP).
RAP material was blended with virgin aggregate such that all specimens tested for the, Dense Bituminous Macadam-II (DBM-II)
gradation as per Ministry of Roads, Transport, and Highways (MoRT&H) and cost analysis were carried out to know the economics.
Laboratory results and analysis showed the use of recycled materials showed significant variability in Marshall Stability, and the
variability increased with the increase in RAP content. The saving can be realized from utilization of recycled materials as per the
methodology, the reduction in the total cost is 19%, 30%, comparing with the virgin mixes.
Keywords: Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement, Marshall Stability, MS-II, Dense Bituminous Macadam-II
Laboratory investigation of expansive soil stabilized with natural inorganic ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Soil stabilization has proven to be one of the oldest techniques to improve the soil properties. Literature review conducted revealed
that uses of natural inorganic stabilizers are found to be one of the best options for soil stabilization. In this regard an attempt has
been made to evaluate the influence of RBI-81 stabilizer on properties of black cotton soil through laboratory investigations. Black
cotton soil with varying percentages of RBI-81 viz., 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 percent were studied for moisture density relationships
and strength behaviour of soils. Also the effect of curing period was evaluated as literature review clearly emphasized the strength
gain of soils stabilized with RBI-81 over a period of time. The results obtained shows that the unconfined compressive strength of
specimens treated with RBI-81 increased approximately by 250% for a curing period of 28 days as compared to virgin soil. Further
the CBR value improved approximately by 400%. The studies indicated an increasing trend for soil strength behaviour with
increasing percentage of RBI-81 suggesting its potential applications in soil stabilization.
Influence of reinforcement on the behavior of hollow concrete block masonry p...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Reinforced masonry was developed to exploit the strength potential of masonry and to solve its lack of tensile strength. Experimental
and analytical studies have been carried out to investigate the effect of reinforcement on the behavior of hollow concrete block
masonry prisms under compression and to predict ultimate failure compressive strength. In the numerical program, three dimensional
non-linear finite elements (FE) model based on the micro-modeling approach is developed for both unreinforced and reinforced
masonry prisms using ANSYS (14.5). The proposed FE model uses multi-linear stress-strain relationships to model the non-linear
behavior of hollow concrete block, mortar, and grout. Willam-Warnke’s five parameter failure theory has been adopted to model the
failure of masonry materials. The comparison of the numerical and experimental results indicates that the FE models can successfully
capture the highly nonlinear behavior of the physical specimens and accurately predict their strength and failure mechanisms.
Keywords: Structural masonry, Hollow concrete block prism, grout, Compression failure, Finite element method,
Numerical modeling.
Influence of compaction energy on soil stabilized with chemical stabilizereSAT Journals
Abstract
Increase in traffic along with heavier magnitude of wheel loads cause rapid deterioration in pavements. There is a need to improve
density, strength of soil subgrade and other pavement layers. In this study an attempt is made to improve the properties of locally
available loamy soil using twin approaches viz., i) increasing the compaction of soil and ii) treating the soil with chemical stabilizer.
Laboratory studies are carried out on both untreated and treated soil samples compacted by different compaction efforts. Studies
show that increase in compaction effort results in increase in density of soil. However in soil treated with chemical stabilizer, rate of
increase in density is not significant. The soil treated with chemical stabilizer exhibits improvement in both strength and performance
properties.
Keywords: compaction, density, subgradestabilization, resilient modulus
Geographical information system (gis) for water resources managementeSAT Journals
Abstract
Water resources projects are inherited with overlapping and at times conflicting objectives. These projects are often of varied sizes
ranging from major projects with command areas of millions of hectares to very small projects implemented at the local level. Thus,
in all these projects there is seldom proper coordination which is essential for ensuring collective sustainability.
Integrated watershed development and management is the accepted answer but in turn requires a comprehensive framework that can
enable planning process involving all the stakeholders at different levels and scales is compulsory. Such a unified hydrological
framework is essential to evaluate the cause and effect of all the proposed actions within the drainage basins.
The present paper describes a hydrological framework developed in the form of a Hydrologic Information System (HIS) which is
intended to meet the specific information needs of the various line departments of a typical State connected with water related aspects.
The HIS consist of a hydrologic information database coupled with tools for collating primary and secondary data and tools for
analyzing and visualizing the data and information. The HIS also incorporates hydrological model base for indirect assessment of
various entities of water balance in space and time. The framework would be maintained and updated to reflect fully the most
accurate ground truth data and the infrastructure requirements for planning and management.
Keywords: Hydrological Information System (HIS); WebGIS; Data Model; Web Mapping Services
Forest type mapping of bidar forest division, karnataka using geoinformatics ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
The study demonstrate the potentiality of satellite remote sensing technique for the generation of baseline information on forest types
including tree plantation details in Bidar forest division, Karnataka covering an area of 5814.60Sq.Kms. The Total Area of Bidar
forest division is 5814Sq.Kms analysis of the satellite data in the study area reveals that about 84% of the total area is Covered by
crop land, 1.778% of the area is covered by dry deciduous forest, 1.38 % of mixed plantation, which is very threatening to the
environmental stability of the forest, future plantation site has been mapped. With the use of latest Geo-informatics technology proper
and exact condition of the trees can be observed and necessary precautions can be taken for future plantation works in an appropriate
manner
Keywords:-RS, GIS, GPS, Forest Type, Tree Plantation
Factors influencing compressive strength of geopolymer concreteeSAT Journals
Abstract
To study effects of several factors on the properties of fly ash based geopolymer concrete on the compressive strength and also the
cost comparison with the normal concrete. The test variables were molarities of sodium hydroxide(NaOH) 8M,14M and 16M, ratio of
NaOH to sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5, alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio 0.35 and 0.40 and replacement of water in
Na2SiO3 solution by 10%, 20% and 30% were used in the present study. The test results indicated that the highest compressive
strength 54 MPa was observed for 16M of NaOH, ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3 2.5 and alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of 0.35. Lowest
compressive strength of 27 MPa was observed for 8M of NaOH, ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3 is 1 and alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of
0.40. Alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of 0.35, water replacement of 10% and 30% for 8 and 16 molarity of NaOH and has resulted in
compressive strength of 36 MPa and 20 MPa respectively. Superplasticiser dosage of 2 % by weight of fly ash has given higher
strength in all cases.
Keywords: compressive strength, alkaline liquid, fly ash
Experimental investigation on circular hollow steel columns in filled with li...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Composite Circular hollow Steel tubes with and without GFRP infill for three different grades of Light weight concrete are tested for
ultimate load capacity and axial shortening , under Cyclic loading. Steel tubes are compared for different lengths, cross sections and
thickness. Specimens were tested separately after adopting Taguchi’s L9 (Latin Squares) Orthogonal array in order to save the initial
experimental cost on number of specimens and experimental duration. Analysis was carried out using ANN (Artificial Neural
Network) technique with the assistance of Mini Tab- a statistical soft tool. Comparison for predicted, experimental & ANN output is
obtained from linear regression plots. From this research study, it can be concluded that *Cross sectional area of steel tube has most
significant effect on ultimate load carrying capacity, *as length of steel tube increased- load carrying capacity decreased & *ANN
modeling predicted acceptable results. Thus ANN tool can be utilized for predicting ultimate load carrying capacity for composite
columns.
Keywords: Light weight concrete, GFRP, Artificial Neural Network, Linear Regression, Back propagation, orthogonal
Array, Latin Squares
Experimental behavior of circular hsscfrc filled steel tubular columns under ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
This paper presents an outlook on experimental behavior and a comparison with predicted formula on the behaviour of circular
concentrically loaded self-consolidating fibre reinforced concrete filled steel tube columns (HSSCFRC). Forty-five specimens were
tested. The main parameters varied in the tests are: (1) percentage of fiber (2) tube diameter or width to wall thickness ratio (D/t
from 15 to 25) (3) L/d ratio from 2.97 to 7.04 the results from these predictions were compared with the experimental data. The
experimental results) were also validated in this study.
Keywords: Self-compacting concrete; Concrete-filled steel tube; axial load behavior; Ultimate capacity.
Evaluation of punching shear in flat slabseSAT Journals
Abstract
Flat-slab construction has been widely used in construction today because of many advantages that it offers. The basic philosophy in
the design of flat slab is to consider only gravity forces; this method ignores the effect of punching shear due to unbalanced moments
at the slab column junction which is critical. An attempt has been made to generate generalized design sheets which accounts both
punching shear due to gravity loads and unbalanced moments for cases (a) interior column; (b) edge column (bending perpendicular
to shorter edge); (c) edge column (bending parallel to shorter edge); (d) corner column. These design sheets are prepared as per
codal provisions of IS 456-2000. These design sheets will be helpful in calculating the shear reinforcement to be provided at the
critical section which is ignored in many design offices. Apart from its usefulness in evaluating punching shear and the necessary
shear reinforcement, the design sheets developed will enable the designer to fix the depth of flat slab during the initial phase of the
design.
Keywords: Flat slabs, punching shear, unbalanced moment.
Evaluation of performance of intake tower dam for recent earthquake in indiaeSAT Journals
Abstract
Intake towers are typically tall, hollow, reinforced concrete structures and form entrance to reservoir outlet works. A parametric
study on dynamic behavior of circular cylindrical towers can be carried out to study the effect of depth of submergence, wall thickness
and slenderness ratio, and also effect on tower considering dynamic analysis for time history function of different soil condition and
by Goyal and Chopra accounting interaction effects of added hydrodynamic mass of surrounding and inside water in intake tower of
dam
Key words: Hydrodynamic mass, Depth of submergence, Reservoir, Time history analysis,
Evaluation of operational efficiency of urban road network using travel time ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Efficiency of the road network system is analyzed by travel time reliability measures. The study overlooks on an important measure of
travel time reliability and prioritizing Tiruchirappalli road network. Traffic volume and travel time were collected using license plate
matching method. Travel time measures were estimated from average travel time and 95th travel time. Effect of non-motorized vehicle
on efficiency of road system was evaluated. Relation between buffer time index and traffic volume was created. Travel time model has
been developed and travel time measure was validated. Then service quality of road sections in network were graded based on
travel time reliability measures.
Keywords: Buffer Time Index (BTI); Average Travel Time (ATT); Travel Time Reliability (TTR); Buffer Time (BT).
Estimation of surface runoff in nallur amanikere watershed using scs cn methodeSAT Journals
Abstract
The development of watershed aims at productive utilization of all the available natural resources in the entire area extending from
ridge line to stream outlet. The per capita availability of land for cultivation has been decreasing over the years. Therefore, water and
the related land resources must be developed, utilized and managed in an integrated and comprehensive manner. Remote sensing and
GIS techniques are being increasingly used for planning, management and development of natural resources. The study area, Nallur
Amanikere watershed geographically lies between 110 38’ and 110 52’ N latitude and 760 30’ and 760 50’ E longitude with an area of
415.68 Sq. km. The thematic layers such as land use/land cover and soil maps were derived from remotely sensed data and overlayed
through ArcGIS software to assign the curve number on polygon wise. The daily rainfall data of six rain gauge stations in and around
the watershed (2001-2011) was used to estimate the daily runoff from the watershed using Soil Conservation Service - Curve Number
(SCS-CN) method. The runoff estimated from the SCS-CN model was then used to know the variation of runoff potential with different
land use/land cover and with different soil conditions.
Keywords: Watershed, Nallur watershed, Surface runoff, Rainfall-Runoff, SCS-CN, Remote Sensing, GIS.
Estimation of morphometric parameters and runoff using rs & gis techniqueseSAT Journals
Abstract
Land and water are the two vital natural resources, the optimal management of these resources with minimum adverse environmental
impact are essential not only for sustainable development but also for human survival. Satellite remote sensing with geographic
information system has a pragmatic approach to map and generate spatial input layers of predicting response behavior and yield of
watershed. Hence, in the present study an attempt has been made to understand the hydrological process of the catchment at the
watershed level by drawing the inferences from moprhometric analysis and runoff. The study area chosen for the present study is
Yagachi catchment situated in Chickamaglur and Hassan district lies geographically at a longitude 75⁰52’08.77”E and
13⁰10’50.77”N latitude. It covers an area of 559.493 Sq.km. Morphometric analysis is carried out to estimate morphometric
parameters at Micro-watershed to understand the hydrological response of the catchment at the Micro-watershed level. Daily runoff
is estimated using USDA SCS curve number model for a period of 10 years from 2001 to 2010. The rainfall runoff relationship of the
study shows there is a positive correlation.
Keywords: morphometric analysis, runoff, remote sensing and GIS, SCS - method
-
Effect of variation of plastic hinge length on the results of non linear anal...eSAT Journals
Abstract The nonlinear Static procedure also well known as pushover analysis is method where in monotonically increasing loads are applied to the structure till the structure is unable to resist any further load. It is a popular tool for seismic performance evaluation of existing and new structures. In literature lot of research has been carried out on conventional pushover analysis and after knowing deficiency efforts have been made to improve it. But actual test results to verify the analytically obtained pushover results are rarely available. It has been found that some amount of variation is always expected to exist in seismic demand prediction of pushover analysis. Initial study is carried out by considering user defined hinge properties and default hinge length. Attempt is being made to assess the variation of pushover analysis results by considering user defined hinge properties and various hinge length formulations available in literature and results compared with experimentally obtained results based on test carried out on a G+2 storied RCC framed structure. For the present study two geometric models viz bare frame and rigid frame model is considered and it is found that the results of pushover analysis are very sensitive to geometric model and hinge length adopted. Keywords: Pushover analysis, Base shear, Displacement, hinge length, moment curvature analysis
Effect of use of recycled materials on indirect tensile strength of asphalt c...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Depletion of natural resources and aggregate quarries for the road construction is a serious problem to procure materials. Hence
recycling or reuse of material is beneficial. On emphasizing development in sustainable construction in the present era, recycling of
asphalt pavements is one of the effective and proven rehabilitation processes. For the laboratory investigations reclaimed asphalt
pavement (RAP) from NH-4 and crumb rubber modified binder (CRMB-55) was used. Foundry waste was used as a replacement to
conventional filler. Laboratory tests were conducted on asphalt concrete mixes with 30, 40, 50, and 60 percent replacement with RAP.
These test results were compared with conventional mixes and asphalt concrete mixes with complete binder extracted RAP
aggregates. Mix design was carried out by Marshall Method. The Marshall Tests indicated highest stability values for asphalt
concrete (AC) mixes with 60% RAP. The optimum binder content (OBC) decreased with increased in RAP in AC mixes. The Indirect
Tensile Strength (ITS) for AC mixes with RAP also was found to be higher when compared to conventional AC mixes at 300C.
Keywords: Reclaimed asphalt pavement, Foundry waste, Recycling, Marshall Stability, Indirect tensile strength.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Implementation of humanoid robot with using the concept of synthetic brain
1. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
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Volume: 03 Issue: 02 | Feb-2014, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 518
IMPLEMENTATION OF HUMANOID ROBOT WITH USING THE
CONCEPT OF SYNTHETIC BRAIN
Sagar D. Korde1
, Girish R. Talmale2
1
M.E (ESC) – IVth
Semester, 2
Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science & Engineering GHRCE, Nagpur
Abstract
This paper is elaborate the model of humanoid robot interacts with human being and perform various operation as per the command
given by the human being. A humanoid robot having Synthetic brain can able to do Interaction, communication, Object detection,
information acquisition about any object, response to voice command, chatting logically with human beings. Object detection will be
done by this robot for that purpose there is use image processing concept (HAAR Technique), And to make the system intelligent that
is whenever system interact, communicate, chat with human it gives proper response, question / answers there is integrates artificial
intelligence and DFA / NFA automata and Prolog language concept for answering logically over the complex and relevant strings or
data.
Keywords —Humanoid Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, Image Processing, Audio Filtering.
------------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
1. INTRODUCTION
Synthetic Brain in robotics is an emerging technology.
Synthetic Brain is nothing but the artificial brain and its
working mechanism is just like as human brain. That is this
technology has large scope in engineering science. It may use
to develop the artificial brain of the robot and auto-respond
software is as well.
Synthetic Brain means it is a respond engine respond to
various events occurs in real-time. Like as conversation with
people, performing the multiple-task critical one also,
maintaining large dynamic database for acquisition of
information about any object like fruits, books, etc. Synthetic
Brain in robot is made robot able to discuss with people as per
their mood and topics. I.e. by reading variations of voice
frequencies. Whenever any object will given to identify to
robot, robot eyes means camera‟s of robot gets the picture in
frame format analyze it and gives brief information about the
object, like if robot scanning the book as an object, if an
information of that book is already available in the database
then it shows else it acquire data from internet and shows brief
information on any display device i.e. screen or project the
data if projector will interfaced like as Author, type of book,
subject, contains, index, references, etc. Robot will also able
to perform some task like finding the forgotten things like
keys,
There will vast scope to Synthetic Brain to make automated
machines, which are able to take decision on any real-time
event occurred e.g. whenever the robot have conversation with
the human, there is multiple way to respond for that purpose
robot uses DFA/NFA combinations of alphabets to responds.
For designing and implementation of humanoid robot with
synthetic brain four basic technologies are integrated
Robotics, Image Processing, Artificial Intelligence, and Audio
Filtering.
Robotics is used for the modeling purpose of the robots in
which it includes the motion technique. And all the hardware
of the robot with respect to the technology used in robot.
Image Processing is the technique of performing the various
operations on the images for sake of acquiring knowledge and
object detection purpose. Image processing also an effective
technique to respond various Artificial Intelligence technique
in real-time. Artificial Intelligence is nothing but the technique
of creating and implementing various intelligent responses.
Artificial Intelligence is the important objective of project
model which gives ability to robots i.e. acquires knowledge
from the environment. Audio filtering is the technique use for
processing on the voice commands.
2. PROBLEM DEFINITION
A. Robot was working on the static Knowledge concept
therefore it not able to update its knowledge explicitly.
Previously models uses microcontrollers and embedded „c‟
language for programming and feed the knowledge the
robot which had various limitations to develop the concept
of Artificial Intelligence and training purposes.
B. The previously developed humanoid robots survive in real-
time environment are able to do the task which textually
feed. Basically robot will work only one or hardly two
technologies in combination. If it is able to do conversation
with human then only finite answers and response was
given, it is also not able to acquire knowledge from real-
time environment.
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C. Robot was not navigational mode i.e. not able to navigate
freely in environment. There will absence of image
processing that‟s why was not able to process on images.
Due to absence of Image Processing there is lack of
techniques to develop or feeding the knowledge in the
robots.
D. If image processing is present, it is work on very limited
frame segments of image at a particular time slot
Due to absence of audio filtering technique i.e. by FIR filter
whenever robot survive in real-time environment, it can‟t be
able to detect right audio command.
3. OBJECTIVES
This paper proposed to develop a humanoid robot which
makes combination of Technologies, which will enhance robot
capabilities in real World by providing synthetic brain.
Technologies involving Humanoid Robotics, Artificial
Intelligence, Image Processing and Audio Filtering. To
develop Humanoid Robot that provides you to intelligent task
performance and interaction with human being using voice
commands as well as text command also. Developing such
Robot in a real-time environment and user can able to give
command to do various complex work like object detection,
searching data on encyclopaedia, pick-up the object which
guided by user and user also can able to chat with Robot.
4. METHODOLOGY
Fig 1: Study & Process Flow
Fig 2: Block Diagram
4.1. Synthetic Brain Concept
Synthetic Brain is nothing but the ability of the robot to give
the proper response to user commands in real-time
environment. For that purpose various techniques are
integrated to give proper responses like detecting the object it
includes the image processing technology(HAAR Technique),
to make robot workable and mobile various motors of
different strength are used, for listening the commands
properly Audio filtering concept is used, For making the
chatting unit in the robot VERBOT technique is used.
4.2. Image Detection Method
Image Processing is used in the project for object detection
purpose by which developer is able to train the robot for
multiple objects.
HAAR Classifier Technique: HAAR classifier is the open
source technique for the Image processing
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Fig 3: Image Detection Block Diagram
a) Creating the description file of positive samples
b) Creating the description file of negative samples
c) Packing the positive samples into a vec file
d) Training the classifier
e) Converting the trained cascade into a xml file
f) Using the xml file to detect the object
4.3. Communication with Robot:
Fig 4: Communication with robot
In the Communication with robot, challenging task is to
provide the voice command. This operation is quite difficult
but due to use of a windows operating system and .net
environment in our robot we can able to take the help of SAPI
5.4. It is a Speech Recognition Application Program Interface
helps us to convert voice command in to text and vice versa.
Fig 5: Mechanism to process on voice command
The SAPI API provides a high-level interface between an
application and speech engines. SAPI implements all the low-
level details needed to control and manage the real-time
operations of various speech engines.
The two basic types of SAPI engines are text-to-speech (TTS)
systems and speech recognizers. TTS systems synthesize text
strings and files into spoken audio using synthetic voices.
Speech recognizers convert human spoken audio into readable
text strings and files.
Fig 6: Block Diagram of Audio filtration
4.4. NFA/DFA Automata:
This algorithm is used for the giving proper dynamic response
to the conversation of the human. That is whenever human
interacts with robot there is multiple combinations of
sentences, words, alphabets are possible. That‟s why to give
proper response to human as per his/her mood (detecting by
frequency of voice signal) this automata pattern is used. It is
not only give proper response but also able to adopt new
techniques.
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4.5. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO):
Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used for give the
knowledge to the robot regarding with the object and
environmental conditions. And it is very helpful to design the
humanoid model where multiple people are interacts with the
machine.
4.6. RGB, HSI Optimization:
This model uses the not only RGB(Red, Green, Blue) image
attributes but also used HSI model, in which H said hue (hue),
S said saturation (saturation), I indicated that the density
(intensity), corresponding to gray-scale imaging and image
brightness. This is very important technique for detection of
errorless, noiseless and clear image for processing. In the
multitier image attribute system the attributes of image given
to the processing is able to work on the user defined or
customize mode, in which user can customize the attributes of
the image like RGBHSI (Red, Green, Blue, hue, saturation,
intensity),etc. Where as per the user requirement and clarity
requirement the attributes will be manage by user or
programmer.
4.7. Attention Control Phases:
In order to control the human‟s attention, we hypothesize
Those robots should perform three consecutive tasks:
(i) Attracting attention (AA)
(ii) Making eye contact (MEC)
(iii) Shifting attention (SA)
Fig. 1 illustrates the conceptual process of attention control
(AC) in terms of sub tasks. To perform a successful AC
process, both robot (R) and human (H) need to show some
explicit behaviors and to respond appropriately to them by
communicative behaviors in each phase. That means, R and H
perform a set of behaviors, R = {φ, ψ, ω} and H = {λ, δ, μ}.
We show that signals for AA, MEC and SA of the robot are
able to control the human attention from one direction to that
indicated by the robot through experiments. In this work, we
apply a set of behaviors of robot such as φ = {head turn, head
shaking, reference terms} in the attracting attention phase, ψ=
{frontal face detection} in the making eye contact phase, and
ω= {head turn} in the shifting attention phase respectively.
We expect that humans also
Perform some responsive behaviors, such as λ = {head/gaze
turn toward the robot, body turn toward the robot} in AA
phase, δ = {keep looking toward the robot while blinking} in
MEC, and μ = {turning head/gaze toward the robot intended
object} in SA phase respectively.
4.8. Motor Driver Circuit & Hubo-Structure:
1. LPT is a port is used for drawn output towards the
L293D Amplification IC.
2. L293D IC is used for the purpose of amplification to
run the relay circuit.
3. There is used Dual relay circuit for operating the
motor in both directions i.e. clockwise and
anticlockwise.
Fig 7: Motor Driver Circuit Diagram and PCB Design
4.9. Use of an Operating System:
The most important feature of our robot is, it carries the
operating system. That‟s why we are able to do complex
program and uses various open source techniques and API‟s
with respect to our task requirement like as for the purpose of
getting and parsing the voice commands we uses the SAPI 5.4
API of Microsoft corporation, we uses the Open source Verbot
avatars to give proper responses and sensible chatting with
human being in real-time environment, Uses HAAR technique
to image processing.
Operating system not only provides the operating environment
to user but also makes the programmer able to use and
integrate multiple technologies within same robot and co-
ordinately use it as per the task requirement.
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5. HUMANOID ROBOT STRUCTURE AND
SOFTWARE MODULE
Fig 8: Humanoid Robot Structure
Fig 9: Software Modules in Robot
REFERENCES
[1] Dipankar Das, Yoshinori Kobayashi, Yoshinori Kuno
Saitama University, Japan {dipankar,”An Intelligent
Human-Robot Interaction Framework to Control the
Human Attention” 2013 IEEE.
[2] 2.Mikhail Simonov ISMB Turin, Italy, Gianpiero
Delconte Politecnico di Torino urin, Italy “Assessment
of rehabilitative exercises by humanoid robot” 2013
7th International onference on Pervasive Computing
Technologies for Healthcare and Workshops
[3] Hao Dang, Youngbum Jun, Paul Oh, and Peter K.
Allen “Planning Complex Physical Tasks for Disaster
Response with a Humanoid Robot” 2013 IEEE.
[4] Indrazno Siradjuddin, Laxmidhar Behera, Senior
Member, IEEE, T. Martin McGinnity, Senior Member,
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