This document discusses the impacts of climate change, agriculture, tourism, and economic development on protected areas in East Africa. It notes that climate change can lead to biodiversity loss, flooding, drought, and damage to landscapes. Agriculture can cause encroachment and conflicts between conservation and crop production. Tourism can result in both negative impacts like pollution and trampling of vegetation, and positive impacts like financial contributions and increased environmental awareness. Economic development can isolate protected areas but also increase accessibility and funding for management. The conclusion states that forest cover and animal populations are declining rapidly due to these factors, threatening the future of protected areas.

1. NAME REGISTRATION NO SIGNATURE
GUYIIDE FRANCIS
NELIMA VIOLET
RUNUMI CHRISTOPHER
ODONGO ERIC
WAMBUGA CHRISTOPHER
MATSIKO CALEB
GUMOSHABE EVIDENCE
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND
VARIABILITY,AGRICULTURE,TOURISM AND
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ON THE FUTURE OF
PROTECTED AREAS IN EAST AFRICAGROUP MEMBERS

2. INTRODUCTION
 Protected areas are geographical areas which are designated and managed by legal and other
effective means because of their ecosystem services and cultural values(IUCN 2008)
 Climate change is the change in statistical distribution of weather patterns for a long period
of time. Usually decades or millions of years.
 Agriculture is the science art or practice of cultivating land and raising livestock in varying
degrees. Either pastoralism for subsistence or for cash for example plantations of cash crops.
 Tourism is the movement of people from their usual environment to their preferred
destinations usually for leisure, business or visiting friends and relatives for not less than 24
hours and not more than a year.
 Economic development is the process in which an economy grows or changes and becomes
more advanced especially when both social and economic conditions are improved. For
example due to infrastructure development ,communication, industrialization, population
growth and business.
All these have impacts on the future of protected areas which are either positive or negative as
follows.

3. Impacts of climate change and variability
 Loss of biodiversity
 Flooding and increase in water levels
 Destruction of landscape/seascape
 Drought
 Reduced visitor experience
 Pests and diseases

4. Impacts of agriculture
 Encroachment
 Conflicts between crop production and nature conservation
 Reduced protected area values

5. Impacts of tourism
NEGATIVE
 Trampling of vegetation
 Pollution from tourism activities and fumes from vehicles
 Depletion of natural resources like water and land due to construction of facilities.
 Change in cultural sites.

6. positive Impacts of tourism
POSITIVE
 Financial contribution
 Conservation
 Revival of cultural and historical sites
 Increased environmental awareness
 Supports research and development of good environmental practices

7. IMPACTS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
NEGATIVE
 Isolation of protected areas by wildlife.
 Destruction and loss of protected areas .
 Pollution due untreated waste products
 Global warming which causes climate change.
POSITIVE
 Financial contribution for management of protected areas.
 Easy accessibility to protected areas.
 Modern technologies have eased management of protected areas

8. CONCLUSION
 Forest cover in East Africa is reducing rapidly due to economic development
and the animal numbers are greatly reducing in the protected areas. The
future looks dim for protected areas.
 We call upon the responsible authorities such as UWA,NFA AND CBOS to work
towards reducing the above negative impacts for the future of protected
areas

9. REFERENCES
 Becken,s and J.hay(2007),Tourism and climate change-Risks and
opportunities, channel review publications,Cleveland,ohio,united states of
America
 Hannah L(2008).Protected areas and climate change. Year in Ecology and
conservation biology.1134:201-212
 Michael case,WWF climate change scientist,Michael.case@wwfus.org
 Maia lordkipandize,yoram krozer,tantric kadiman,marcel cul and han
Brezet(2008).Impacts from tourism in protected areas.Georgian international
journal of science,techonology and medicine,vol1,issue 1.pp 11-47
 WWF.July 2003.No place to hide:Effectsof climate change on protected areas