This slides go over the problem of deep semantic segmentation. It covers the different approaches taken, from hourglass autoencoder to pyramid networks.
Slides by Thomas Delteil
Presentation for the Berlin Computer Vision Group, December 2020 on deep learning methods for image segmentation: Instance segmentation, semantic segmentation, and panoptic segmentation.
The document describes two feature extraction methods: attention based and statistics based. The attention based method models how human vision finds salient regions using an architecture that decomposes images into channels and creates image pyramids, then combines the information to generate saliency maps. This method was applied to face recognition but had problems with pose and expression changes. The statistics based method aims to select a subset of important features using criteria based on how well the features represent the original data.
Image Segmentation
Types of Image Segmentation
Semantic Segmentation
Instance Segmentation
Types of Image Segmentation Techniques based on the image properties:
Threshold Method.
Edge Based Segmentation.
Region-Based Segmentation.
Clustering Based Segmentation.
Watershed Based Method.
Artificial Neural Network Based Segmentation.
You Only Look Once: Unified, Real-Time Object DetectionDADAJONJURAKUZIEV
YOLO, a new approach to object detection. A single neural network predicts bounding boxes and class probabilities directly from full images in one evaluation.
Object detection is an important computer vision technique with applications in several domains such as autonomous driving, personal and industrial robotics. The below slides cover the history of object detection from before deep learning until recent research. The slides aim to cover the history and future directions of object detection, as well as some guidelines for how to choose which type of object detector to use for your own project.
The document discusses various techniques for image segmentation including discontinuity-based approaches, similarity-based approaches, thresholding methods, region-based segmentation using region growing and region splitting/merging. Key techniques covered include edge detection using gradient operators, the Hough transform for edge linking, optimal thresholding, and split-and-merge segmentation using quadtrees.
This document discusses object detection using the Single Shot Detector (SSD) algorithm with the MobileNet V1 architecture. It begins with an introduction to object detection and a literature review of common techniques. It then describes the basic architecture of convolutional neural networks and how they are used for feature extraction in SSD. The SSD framework uses multi-scale feature maps for detection and convolutional predictors. MobileNet V1 reduces model size and complexity through depthwise separable convolutions. This allows SSD with MobileNet V1 to perform real-time object detection with reduced parameters and computations compared to other models.
Presentation for the Berlin Computer Vision Group, December 2020 on deep learning methods for image segmentation: Instance segmentation, semantic segmentation, and panoptic segmentation.
The document describes two feature extraction methods: attention based and statistics based. The attention based method models how human vision finds salient regions using an architecture that decomposes images into channels and creates image pyramids, then combines the information to generate saliency maps. This method was applied to face recognition but had problems with pose and expression changes. The statistics based method aims to select a subset of important features using criteria based on how well the features represent the original data.
Image Segmentation
Types of Image Segmentation
Semantic Segmentation
Instance Segmentation
Types of Image Segmentation Techniques based on the image properties:
Threshold Method.
Edge Based Segmentation.
Region-Based Segmentation.
Clustering Based Segmentation.
Watershed Based Method.
Artificial Neural Network Based Segmentation.
You Only Look Once: Unified, Real-Time Object DetectionDADAJONJURAKUZIEV
YOLO, a new approach to object detection. A single neural network predicts bounding boxes and class probabilities directly from full images in one evaluation.
Object detection is an important computer vision technique with applications in several domains such as autonomous driving, personal and industrial robotics. The below slides cover the history of object detection from before deep learning until recent research. The slides aim to cover the history and future directions of object detection, as well as some guidelines for how to choose which type of object detector to use for your own project.
The document discusses various techniques for image segmentation including discontinuity-based approaches, similarity-based approaches, thresholding methods, region-based segmentation using region growing and region splitting/merging. Key techniques covered include edge detection using gradient operators, the Hough transform for edge linking, optimal thresholding, and split-and-merge segmentation using quadtrees.
This document discusses object detection using the Single Shot Detector (SSD) algorithm with the MobileNet V1 architecture. It begins with an introduction to object detection and a literature review of common techniques. It then describes the basic architecture of convolutional neural networks and how they are used for feature extraction in SSD. The SSD framework uses multi-scale feature maps for detection and convolutional predictors. MobileNet V1 reduces model size and complexity through depthwise separable convolutions. This allows SSD with MobileNet V1 to perform real-time object detection with reduced parameters and computations compared to other models.
[PR12] You Only Look Once (YOLO): Unified Real-Time Object DetectionTaegyun Jeon
The document summarizes the You Only Look Once (YOLO) object detection method. YOLO frames object detection as a single regression problem to directly predict bounding boxes and class probabilities from full images in one pass. This allows for extremely fast detection speeds of 45 frames per second. YOLO uses a feedforward convolutional neural network to apply a single neural network to the full image. This allows it to leverage contextual information and makes predictions about bounding boxes and class probabilities for all classes with one network.
The Hough transform is a feature extraction technique used in image analysis and computer vision to detect shapes within images. It works by detecting imperfect instances of objects of a certain class of shapes via a voting procedure. Specifically, the Hough transform can be used to detect lines, circles, and other shapes in an image if their parametric equations are known, and it provides robust detection even under noise and partial occlusion. It works by quantizing the parameter space that describes the shape and counting the number of votes each parametric description receives from edge points in the image.
Image Segmentation Using Deep Learning : A surveyNUPUR YADAV
1. The document discusses various deep learning models for image segmentation, including fully convolutional networks, encoder-decoder models, multi-scale pyramid networks, and dilated convolutional models.
2. It provides details on popular architectures like U-Net, SegNet, and models from the DeepLab family.
3. The document also reviews datasets commonly used to evaluate image segmentation methods and reports accuracies of different models on the Cityscapes dataset.
Residual neural networks (ResNets) solve the vanishing gradient problem through shortcut connections that allow gradients to flow directly through the network. The ResNet architecture consists of repeating blocks with convolutional layers and shortcut connections. These connections perform identity mappings and add the outputs of the convolutional layers to the shortcut connection. This helps networks converge earlier and increases accuracy. Variants include basic blocks with two convolutional layers and bottleneck blocks with three layers. Parameters like number of layers affect ResNet performance, with deeper networks showing improved accuracy. YOLO is a variant that replaces the softmax layer with a 1x1 convolutional layer and logistic function for multi-label classification.
The document discusses using the Hough transform for edge detection and boundary linking in images. [1] The Hough transform is a technique that can find edge points that lie along a straight line or curve without needing prior knowledge about the position or orientation of lines in the image. [2] It works by transforming each edge point in the image space to a line in the parameter space, and the intersection of lines corresponds to parameters of the line on which multiple edge points lie. [3] The Hough transform can handle cases like vertical lines that pose problems for other edge linking techniques.
Image segmentation techniques
More information on this research can be found in:
Hussein, Rania, Frederic D. McKenzie. “Identifying Ambiguous Prostate Gland Contours from Histology Using Capsule Shape Information and Least Squares Curve Fitting.” The International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery ( IJCARS), Volume 2 Numbers 3-4, pp. 143-150, December 2007.
This document provides an agenda for a presentation on deep learning, neural networks, convolutional neural networks, and interesting applications. The presentation will include introductions to deep learning and how it differs from traditional machine learning by learning feature representations from data. It will cover the history of neural networks and breakthroughs that enabled training of deeper models. Convolutional neural network architectures will be overviewed, including convolutional, pooling, and dense layers. Applications like recommendation systems, natural language processing, and computer vision will also be discussed. There will be a question and answer section.
The document summarizes the U-Net convolutional network architecture for biomedical image segmentation. U-Net improves on Fully Convolutional Networks (FCNs) by introducing a U-shaped architecture with skip connections between contracting and expansive paths. This allows contextual information from the contracting path to be combined with localization information from the expansive path, improving segmentation of biomedical images which often have objects at multiple scales. The U-Net architecture has been shown to perform well even with limited training data due to its ability to make use of context.
This document discusses various frequency domain image filtering techniques. It outlines the basic steps for filtering in the frequency domain which includes centering the Fourier transform, computing the discrete Fourier transform, multiplying by a filter function, computing the inverse transform and canceling centering operations. Specific filters are then described including low pass, high pass, ideal filters and Butterworth filters. Examples of applying these filters to images are provided to demonstrate the effects. Homomorphic filtering is also introduced as a technique for illumination correction.
This document discusses and compares different methods for deep learning object detection, including region proposal-based methods like R-CNN, Fast R-CNN, Faster R-CNN, and Mask R-CNN as well as single shot methods like YOLO, YOLOv2, and SSD. Region proposal-based methods tend to have higher accuracy but are slower, while single shot methods are faster but less accurate. Newer methods like Faster R-CNN, R-FCN, YOLOv2, and SSD have improved speed and accuracy over earlier approaches.
The presentation is made on CNN's which is explained using the image classification problem, the presentation was prepared in perspective of understanding computer vision and its applications. I tried to explain the CNN in the most simple way possible as for my understanding. This presentation helps the beginners of CNN to have a brief idea about the architecture and different layers in the architecture of CNN with the example. Please do refer the references in the last slide for a better idea on working of CNN. In this presentation, I have also discussed the different types of CNN(not all) and the applications of Computer Vision.
Slides by Míriam Bellver at the UPC Reading group for the paper:
Liu, Wei, Dragomir Anguelov, Dumitru Erhan, Christian Szegedy, and Scott Reed. "SSD: Single Shot MultiBox Detector." ECCV 2016.
Full listing of papers at:
https://github.com/imatge-upc/readcv/blob/master/README.md
This document discusses edge detection and image segmentation techniques. It begins with an introduction to segmentation and its importance. It then discusses edge detection, including edge models like steps, ramps, and roofs. Common edge detection techniques are described, such as using derivatives and filters to detect discontinuities that indicate edges. Point, line, and edge detection are explained through the use of filters like Laplacian filters. Thresholding techniques are introduced as a way to segment images into different regions based on pixel intensity values.
OpenCV is an open-source library for computer vision and machine learning. The document discusses OpenCV's features including its modular structure, common computer vision algorithms like Canny edge detection, Hough transform, and cascade classifiers. Code examples are provided to demonstrate how to implement these algorithms using OpenCV functions and data types.
Mask R-CNN extends Faster R-CNN by adding a branch for predicting segmentation masks in parallel with bounding box recognition and classification. It introduces a new layer called RoIAlign to address misalignment issues in the RoIPool layer of Faster R-CNN. RoIAlign improves mask accuracy by 10-50% by removing quantization and properly aligning extracted features. Mask R-CNN runs at 5fps with only a small overhead compared to Faster R-CNN.
This document discusses the Fourier transformation, including:
1) It defines continuous and discrete Fourier transformations and their properties such as separability, translation, periodicity, and convolution.
2) The fast Fourier transformation (FFT) improves the computational complexity of the discrete Fourier transformation from O(N^2) to O(NlogN).
3) FFT works by rewriting the DFT calculation in a way that exploits symmetry and reduces redundant computations.
Deep learning based object detection basicsBrodmann17
The document discusses different approaches to object detection in images using deep learning. It begins with describing detection as classification, where an image is classified into categories for what objects are present. It then discusses approaches that involve separating detection into a classification head and localization head. The document also covers improvements like R-CNN which uses region proposals to first generate candidate object regions before running classification and bounding box regression on those regions using CNN features. This helps address issues with previous approaches like being too slow when running the CNN over the entire image at multiple locations and scales.
This document describes a wearable AI device that uses computer vision and speech synthesis to help blind individuals. The device uses a Raspberry Pi with a camera to perform three main functions: facial recognition using convolutional neural networks and linear discriminant analysis, optical character recognition (OCR) to convert text to speech using a text-to-speech system, and object detection. The facial recognition and text are conveyed to the blind user through a speaker. The system is designed to be portable and help blind people identify faces, read text, and detect objects to assist them in daily life.
- Fabric for Deep Learning (FfDL) is an open source project that aims to make deep learning accessible and scalable across multiple frameworks like TensorFlow, Caffe, PyTorch, and Keras.
- FfDL provides a consistent way to deploy, train, and visualize deep learning jobs on Kubernetes clusters using microservices. This allows for resilience, scalability, and multi-tenancy.
- FfDL forms the core of IBM's deep learning service in Watson Studio, which provides tools to support the full AI workflow from designing models to deployment and monitoring.
[PR12] You Only Look Once (YOLO): Unified Real-Time Object DetectionTaegyun Jeon
The document summarizes the You Only Look Once (YOLO) object detection method. YOLO frames object detection as a single regression problem to directly predict bounding boxes and class probabilities from full images in one pass. This allows for extremely fast detection speeds of 45 frames per second. YOLO uses a feedforward convolutional neural network to apply a single neural network to the full image. This allows it to leverage contextual information and makes predictions about bounding boxes and class probabilities for all classes with one network.
The Hough transform is a feature extraction technique used in image analysis and computer vision to detect shapes within images. It works by detecting imperfect instances of objects of a certain class of shapes via a voting procedure. Specifically, the Hough transform can be used to detect lines, circles, and other shapes in an image if their parametric equations are known, and it provides robust detection even under noise and partial occlusion. It works by quantizing the parameter space that describes the shape and counting the number of votes each parametric description receives from edge points in the image.
Image Segmentation Using Deep Learning : A surveyNUPUR YADAV
1. The document discusses various deep learning models for image segmentation, including fully convolutional networks, encoder-decoder models, multi-scale pyramid networks, and dilated convolutional models.
2. It provides details on popular architectures like U-Net, SegNet, and models from the DeepLab family.
3. The document also reviews datasets commonly used to evaluate image segmentation methods and reports accuracies of different models on the Cityscapes dataset.
Residual neural networks (ResNets) solve the vanishing gradient problem through shortcut connections that allow gradients to flow directly through the network. The ResNet architecture consists of repeating blocks with convolutional layers and shortcut connections. These connections perform identity mappings and add the outputs of the convolutional layers to the shortcut connection. This helps networks converge earlier and increases accuracy. Variants include basic blocks with two convolutional layers and bottleneck blocks with three layers. Parameters like number of layers affect ResNet performance, with deeper networks showing improved accuracy. YOLO is a variant that replaces the softmax layer with a 1x1 convolutional layer and logistic function for multi-label classification.
The document discusses using the Hough transform for edge detection and boundary linking in images. [1] The Hough transform is a technique that can find edge points that lie along a straight line or curve without needing prior knowledge about the position or orientation of lines in the image. [2] It works by transforming each edge point in the image space to a line in the parameter space, and the intersection of lines corresponds to parameters of the line on which multiple edge points lie. [3] The Hough transform can handle cases like vertical lines that pose problems for other edge linking techniques.
Image segmentation techniques
More information on this research can be found in:
Hussein, Rania, Frederic D. McKenzie. “Identifying Ambiguous Prostate Gland Contours from Histology Using Capsule Shape Information and Least Squares Curve Fitting.” The International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery ( IJCARS), Volume 2 Numbers 3-4, pp. 143-150, December 2007.
This document provides an agenda for a presentation on deep learning, neural networks, convolutional neural networks, and interesting applications. The presentation will include introductions to deep learning and how it differs from traditional machine learning by learning feature representations from data. It will cover the history of neural networks and breakthroughs that enabled training of deeper models. Convolutional neural network architectures will be overviewed, including convolutional, pooling, and dense layers. Applications like recommendation systems, natural language processing, and computer vision will also be discussed. There will be a question and answer section.
The document summarizes the U-Net convolutional network architecture for biomedical image segmentation. U-Net improves on Fully Convolutional Networks (FCNs) by introducing a U-shaped architecture with skip connections between contracting and expansive paths. This allows contextual information from the contracting path to be combined with localization information from the expansive path, improving segmentation of biomedical images which often have objects at multiple scales. The U-Net architecture has been shown to perform well even with limited training data due to its ability to make use of context.
This document discusses various frequency domain image filtering techniques. It outlines the basic steps for filtering in the frequency domain which includes centering the Fourier transform, computing the discrete Fourier transform, multiplying by a filter function, computing the inverse transform and canceling centering operations. Specific filters are then described including low pass, high pass, ideal filters and Butterworth filters. Examples of applying these filters to images are provided to demonstrate the effects. Homomorphic filtering is also introduced as a technique for illumination correction.
This document discusses and compares different methods for deep learning object detection, including region proposal-based methods like R-CNN, Fast R-CNN, Faster R-CNN, and Mask R-CNN as well as single shot methods like YOLO, YOLOv2, and SSD. Region proposal-based methods tend to have higher accuracy but are slower, while single shot methods are faster but less accurate. Newer methods like Faster R-CNN, R-FCN, YOLOv2, and SSD have improved speed and accuracy over earlier approaches.
The presentation is made on CNN's which is explained using the image classification problem, the presentation was prepared in perspective of understanding computer vision and its applications. I tried to explain the CNN in the most simple way possible as for my understanding. This presentation helps the beginners of CNN to have a brief idea about the architecture and different layers in the architecture of CNN with the example. Please do refer the references in the last slide for a better idea on working of CNN. In this presentation, I have also discussed the different types of CNN(not all) and the applications of Computer Vision.
Slides by Míriam Bellver at the UPC Reading group for the paper:
Liu, Wei, Dragomir Anguelov, Dumitru Erhan, Christian Szegedy, and Scott Reed. "SSD: Single Shot MultiBox Detector." ECCV 2016.
Full listing of papers at:
https://github.com/imatge-upc/readcv/blob/master/README.md
This document discusses edge detection and image segmentation techniques. It begins with an introduction to segmentation and its importance. It then discusses edge detection, including edge models like steps, ramps, and roofs. Common edge detection techniques are described, such as using derivatives and filters to detect discontinuities that indicate edges. Point, line, and edge detection are explained through the use of filters like Laplacian filters. Thresholding techniques are introduced as a way to segment images into different regions based on pixel intensity values.
OpenCV is an open-source library for computer vision and machine learning. The document discusses OpenCV's features including its modular structure, common computer vision algorithms like Canny edge detection, Hough transform, and cascade classifiers. Code examples are provided to demonstrate how to implement these algorithms using OpenCV functions and data types.
Mask R-CNN extends Faster R-CNN by adding a branch for predicting segmentation masks in parallel with bounding box recognition and classification. It introduces a new layer called RoIAlign to address misalignment issues in the RoIPool layer of Faster R-CNN. RoIAlign improves mask accuracy by 10-50% by removing quantization and properly aligning extracted features. Mask R-CNN runs at 5fps with only a small overhead compared to Faster R-CNN.
This document discusses the Fourier transformation, including:
1) It defines continuous and discrete Fourier transformations and their properties such as separability, translation, periodicity, and convolution.
2) The fast Fourier transformation (FFT) improves the computational complexity of the discrete Fourier transformation from O(N^2) to O(NlogN).
3) FFT works by rewriting the DFT calculation in a way that exploits symmetry and reduces redundant computations.
Deep learning based object detection basicsBrodmann17
The document discusses different approaches to object detection in images using deep learning. It begins with describing detection as classification, where an image is classified into categories for what objects are present. It then discusses approaches that involve separating detection into a classification head and localization head. The document also covers improvements like R-CNN which uses region proposals to first generate candidate object regions before running classification and bounding box regression on those regions using CNN features. This helps address issues with previous approaches like being too slow when running the CNN over the entire image at multiple locations and scales.
This document describes a wearable AI device that uses computer vision and speech synthesis to help blind individuals. The device uses a Raspberry Pi with a camera to perform three main functions: facial recognition using convolutional neural networks and linear discriminant analysis, optical character recognition (OCR) to convert text to speech using a text-to-speech system, and object detection. The facial recognition and text are conveyed to the blind user through a speaker. The system is designed to be portable and help blind people identify faces, read text, and detect objects to assist them in daily life.
- Fabric for Deep Learning (FfDL) is an open source project that aims to make deep learning accessible and scalable across multiple frameworks like TensorFlow, Caffe, PyTorch, and Keras.
- FfDL provides a consistent way to deploy, train, and visualize deep learning jobs on Kubernetes clusters using microservices. This allows for resilience, scalability, and multi-tenancy.
- FfDL forms the core of IBM's deep learning service in Watson Studio, which provides tools to support the full AI workflow from designing models to deployment and monitoring.
This document discusses a lecture on computer vision given by Dr. Eng. Mahmoud Shams at Kafrelsheikh University. It defines computer vision as dealing with how computers understand digital images and videos, and seeks to automate tasks of the human visual system. The lecture covers classification of AI, evaluation of computer vision algorithms, common computer vision tasks like localization and segmentation, and why benchmarks are important. It also lists the top 10 computer vision tools for 2020 and discusses negative results in computer vision research.
This document discusses a lecture on computer vision given by Dr. Eng. Mahmoud Shams at Kafrelsheikh University. It defines computer vision as dealing with how computers understand digital images and videos, and seeks to automate tasks of the human visual system. The lecture covers classification of AI, evaluation of computer vision algorithms, common computer vision tasks like localization and segmentation, and why benchmarks are important. It also discusses sources of noise in images, performance metrics like mean square error and confusion matrices, and some top computer vision tools like OpenCV, TensorFlow, Keras and YOLO.
Cloud Camp Milan 2K9 Telecom Italia: Where P2P?Gabriele Bozzi
1. The document discusses the potential for peer-to-peer (P2P) computing as an alternative or complement to the traditional client-server model, especially in the context of cloud computing.
2. It notes challenges with P2P such as lack of centralized control and potential for freeloading, but also advantages like harnessing unused resources.
3. Emerging technologies like autonomic and cognitive networking aim to address P2P challenges by enabling self-configuration and optimization of distributed resources.
1. The document discusses the potential for peer-to-peer (P2P) computing as an alternative or complement to the traditional client-server model, especially in the context of cloud computing.
2. P2P systems offer access to distributed resources but lack centralized control, which makes it difficult to ensure reliability, performance, and security.
3. Autonomic and cognitive approaches may help address issues with P2P by enabling self-configuration, healing, optimization and protection of distributed resources.
4. Future networking approaches like DirecNet envision high-speed mobile mesh networks that could further enable wide-scale distributed computing architectures.
DETECTING EMOTION FROM FACIAL EXPRESSION HAS BECOME AN URGENT NEED BECAUSE OF
ITS IMMENSE APPLICATIONS IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SUCH AS HUMAN-COMPUTER
COLLABORATION, DATA DRIVEN ANIMATION, HUMAN-ROBOT COMMUNICATION ETC. SINCE IT
IS A DEMANDING AND INTERESTING PROBLEM IN COMPUTER VISION, SEVERAL WORKS HAD
BEEN CONDUCTED REGARDING THIS TOPIC. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP A
FACIAL EXPRESSION RECOGNITION SYSTEM BASED ON CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK
WITH DATA AUGMENTATION. THIS APPROACH ENABLES TO CLASSIFY SEVEN BASIC EMOTIONS
CONSIST OF ANGRY, DISGUST, FEAR, HAPPY, NEUTRAL, SAD AND SURPRISE FROM IMAGE DATA.
CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK WITH DATA AUGMENTATION LEADS TO HIGHER
VALIDATION ACCURACY THAN THE OTHER EXISTING MODELS (WHICH IS 96.24%) AS WELL AS
HELPS TO OVERCOME THEIR LIMITATIONS.
System for Detecting Deepfake in Videos – A SurveyIRJET Journal
This document provides a survey of systems for detecting deepfake videos. It begins with an abstract discussing how freely available deep learning software can generate highly realistic fake content, and the need to develop detection methods to mitigate the negative impacts. The document then reviews several techniques for creating face-based manipulated videos, including face swapping, attribute manipulation, and expression transfer. It also examines popular deepfake generation tools like FaceSwap, Deepfakes, and Face2Face. Several datasets used for deepfake detection are presented, and detection methods based on convolutional neural networks, recurrent neural networks, and generative adversarial networks are explored. Key deep learning techniques for both generating and detecting deepfakes are summarized.
IRJET- Recognition of Handwritten Characters based on Deep Learning with Tens...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes a convolutional neural network model to recognize handwritten digits using the MNIST dataset. The model is built using TensorFlow and consists of convolutional, pooling and fully connected layers. The model is trained on 60,000 images and tested on 10,000 images, achieving 98% accuracy on the training set and classifying digits with low error of 0.03% on the test set. Previous methods for handwritten digit recognition are discussed and the CNN approach is shown to provide superior performance with faster training times compared to other models.
IRJET- Car Defect Detection using Machine Learning for InsuranceIRJET Journal
This document discusses using machine learning and convolutional neural networks to detect defects in cars from images for insurance purposes. The proposed system would use transfer learning with pre-trained models to classify car damage in images. A larger dataset of car damage images with detailed labels is needed to train more accurate models. The system architecture includes preprocessing techniques like color conversion, feature extraction using CNN models, and classifying damage types. Preliminary results show 99% accuracy can be achieved through transfer learning, but a larger dataset is required to develop more robust models for car defect detection.
IRJET - Gender and Age Prediction using Wideresnet ArchitectureIRJET Journal
This document describes a gender and age prediction system using the WideResnet convolutional neural network architecture. The system is trained on the IMDB dataset containing over 500,000 images of faces with labeled gender and age information. The proposed system takes an input face image, passes it through the WideResnet model to classify the gender as male or female and estimate an age range. WideResnet is chosen to improve the performance and accuracy of existing gender and age prediction systems by reducing issues caused by lighting conditions and image capture angles. The system is implemented using TensorFlow and Keras frameworks and evaluated on the IMDB test dataset.
The document discusses how mold plays an important role in the environment but can also cause harm if it grows undetected indoors. It emphasizes the importance of drying wet areas within 24-48 hours to prevent mold growth, as mold needs moisture to develop. Proper ventilation is also recommended to prevent routine indoor activities from causing excess moisture that can encourage mold growth.
Performance evaluation of GANs in a semisupervised OCR use caseFlorian Wilhelm
This document discusses using generative adversarial networks (GANs) for a semi-supervised optical character recognition (OCR) use case involving vehicle identification numbers (VINs). It describes the text spotting pipeline, challenges with limited training data, data augmentation techniques, and implementing a GAN for character detection. Evaluation shows the semi-supervised GAN approach outperforms other methods, achieving over 99% accuracy on VIN detection and recognition from images using only 85 labeled examples. Key learnings include that custom solutions can outperform off-the-shelf tools for specific tasks, and GANs are well-suited for problems with limited labeled data when combined with data augmentation.
Performance evaluation of GANs in a semisupervised OCR use caseinovex GmbH
Online vehicle marketplaces are embracing artificial intelligence to ease the process of selling a vehicle on their platform. The tedious work of copying information from the vehicle registration document into some web form can be automated with the help of smart text-spotting systems, in which the seller takes a picture of the document, and the necessary information is extracted automatically.
Florian Wilhelm details the components of a text-spotting system, including the subtasks of object detection and optical character recognition (OCR). Florian elaborates on the challenges of OCR in documents with various distortions and artifacts, which rule out off-the-shelf products for this task. After offering an overview of semisupervised learning based on generative adversarial networks (GANs), Florian evaluates the performance gains of this method compared to supervised learning. More specifically, for a varying amount of labeled data, he compares the accuracy of a convolution neural network (CNN) to a GANthat uses additional unlabeled data during the training phase, showing that GANs significantly outperform classical CNNs in use cases with a lack of labeled data.
What you'll learn:
Understand how semisupervised learning with GANs works
Explore beneficial semisupervised methods based on GANs for use cases with a limited amount of labeled data
Gain insight into an interesting OCR use case of an online vehicle marketplace
Event: O'Reilly Artificial Intelligence Conference, London, 11.10.2018
Speaker: Dr. Florian Wilhelm
Mehr Tech-Vorträge: www.inovex.de/vortraege
Mehr Tech-Artikel: www.inovex.de/blog
This document provides an overview of grid computing and image transformation using grids. It discusses the history of grids, including early projects in the 1990s. It defines what a grid is, including definitions from experts in the field. It describes different types of grids like computational grids, data grids, and access grids. It also summarizes contemporary grid projects and products, benefits of grid computing, and provides examples of applications like distributed supercomputing and high-throughput applications.
Automatic gender and age classification has become quite relevant in the rise of social media platforms. However, the existing methods have not been completely successful in achieving this. Through this project, an attempt has been made to determine the gender and age based on a frame of the person. This is done by using deep learning, OpenCV which is capable of processing the real-time frames. This frame is given as input and the predicted gender and age are given as output. It is difficult to predict the exact age of a person using one frame due the facial expressions, lighting, makeup and so on so for this purpose various age ranges are taken, and the predicted age falls in one of them. The Adience dataset is used as it is a benchmark for face photos and includes various real-world imaging conditions like noise, lighting etc.
This document proposes enhancing social network security through smart credentials. It discusses how current social networks have weak authentication that allows identity cloning attacks. The document then presents using discrete wavelet transform for data hiding and watermarking uploaded images to help prevent clone attacks. It provides block diagrams of the proposed transmitter and receiver systems. When a user uploads an image, it would be watermarked with their credentials. This allows detecting if another user tries to use the same image to create a fake profile. Overall, the proposed system aims to provide more secure authentication and prevent clone attacks on social networks.
IRJET- Python Libraries and Packages for Deep Learning-A SurveyIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey of Python libraries and packages that are commonly used for deep learning. It discusses several popular deep learning frameworks like TensorFlow, Keras, Caffe, PyTorch, and Theano that can be used with Python. It also summarizes several research papers that utilized these Python deep learning libraries and packages to implement applications like image classification on embedded devices, mobile edge caching using deep learning, and high performance text recognition. The document highlights the benefits of using Python for deep learning due to its extensive library support, simplicity, reliability, and ease of developing applications.
Challenges of Deep Learning in Computer Vision Webinar - Tessellate ImagingAdhesh Shrivastava
Slides from the webinar on Challenges of Deep Learning in Computer Vision presented by Tessellate Imaging and powered by E2E Networks.
The webinar discusses the growth and applications of Computer Vision in modern-day real life. Challenges with implementing and developing Deep Learning and Computer Vision projects for both enterprises and developers.
We introduce MonkAI (https://monkai.org) an Open Sourced Deep Learning wrapper library for Computer Vision development and talk about features tackling some of the challenges in Deep Learning.
Ijeee 16-19-digital media hidden data extractingKumar Goud
Abstract— Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) brain tumor image classification is a difficult task due to the variance and complexity of tumors. This paper presents an efficient techniques for the classification of the magnetic resonance brain images. In this work we are taking MR images as input; MRI which is directed into internal cavity of brain and gives the complete image of the brain. The proposed technique consists of two stages.In the first stage, discrete wavelet transform is used for dimensionality reduction and feature extraction.In the second stage, classification is performed using the probabilistic neural network. The classifier have been used to classify real MR images as benign (non-cancerous) and Malignant (cancerous). Probabilistic neural network (PNN) with image and data processing technique is employed to implement an automated brain tumor classification. The use of artificial intelligent technique has shown great potential in this field.
Index Terms— Brain tumors, Feature extraction,Classification, MRI, Probabilistic neural network, Dimensionality reduction, Discrete wavelet transform.
Similar to Image Segmentation: Approaches and Challenges (20)
Recent Advances in Natural Language ProcessingApache MXNet
The document provides an overview of recent advances in natural language processing (NLP), including traditional methods like bag-of-words models and word2vec, as well as more recent contextualized word embedding techniques like ELMo and BERT. It discusses applications of NLP like text classification, language modeling, machine translation and question answering, and how different models like recurrent neural networks, convolutional neural networks, and transformer models are used.
Fine-tuning BERT for Question AnsweringApache MXNet
This deck covers the problem of fine-tuning a pre-trained BERT model for the task of Question Answering. Check out the GluonNLP model zoo here for models and tutorials: http://gluon-nlp.mxnet.io/model_zoo/bert/index.html
Slides: Thomas Delteil
GluonNLP is a deep learning toolkit for Natural Language Processing. These slides covers the motivation behind the creation of the toolkit and what is available in it. Go try it at https://gluon-nlp.mxnet.io!
Introduction to object tracking with Deep LearningApache MXNet
The document discusses object tracking using deep learning. It defines object tracking as locating an object across consecutive video frames. It notes applications in security, road safety, and entertainment. Object tracking differs from object detection in that the object class is unknown during training and tracking considers objects across time rather than individual frames. Challenges include objects leaving the screen or changing pose. The document discusses metrics for evaluating trackers, including accuracy and robustness, and surveys popular modern trackers.
This presentation introduces the topic of computer vision, especially through the lense of Deep Learning.
Go build! https://gluon-cv.mxnet.io
Slides: Thomas Delteil
Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) using Apache MXNetApache MXNet
The document provides an overview of generative adversarial networks (GANs) using Apache MXNet. It introduces GANs and deep learning concepts. It then demonstrates how to implement GANs using MXNet with examples like DCGAN. Finally, it discusses other GAN models and provides resources for using MXNet on AWS.
Deep Learning With Apache MXNet On Video by Ben Taylor @ ziff.aiApache MXNet
This talk will go over using Apache MXNet on video streams such as security footage from Ring, or live XBOX video data to perform inference and indexing. This can be used to classify video events, detect anomalies in normal behavior, and search. This talk will focus on using FFMPEG for feeding Apache MXNet models for fast inference throughput and performance. This talk will also discuss the difference between frame level inference, and frame buffer inference (comprehending a temporal video event).
Links to videos on the slides:
IntelAct: Winner, Visual Doom AI Competition, Full Deathmatch: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=947bSUtuSQ0
GPU assisted call of duty processing, prep for AI auto-play: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gTXOYzSC_ZE
Presented at https://www.meetup.com/deep-learning-with-mxnet/events/258901722/
Using Java to deploy Deep Learning models with MXNetApache MXNet
The document discusses deep learning and the Apache MXNet framework. It provides an introduction to deep learning concepts like neural networks and machine learning. It then describes MXNet as an open source deep learning framework that supports multiple languages including Java. It outlines how to get started with MXNet's Java API and discusses some technical challenges around Java memory management when using deep learning models.
MXNet is a flexible and efficient deep learning framework that is programmable in multiple languages and scalable across multiple GPUs and machines. It originated from the DMLC community and is now an Apache incubating project. MXNet provides low-level NDArray and Symbol APIs as well as high-level Gluon APIs and has additional toolkits like GluonCV for computer vision tasks. MXNet supports distributed training across multiple machines using parameter servers and can serve trained models for low-latency inference using the MXNet Model Server.
This document provides an overview of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks. It discusses how RNNs can be used for sequence modeling tasks like sentiment analysis, machine translation, and speech recognition by incorporating context or memory from previous steps. LSTMs are presented as an improvement over basic RNNs that can learn long-term dependencies in sequences using forget gates, input gates, and output gates to control the flow of information through the network.
What is Deep Learning
Rise of Deep Learning
Phases of Deep Learning - Training and Inference
AI & Limitations of Deep Learning
Apache MXNet History, Apache MXNet concepts
How to use Apache MXNet and Spark together for Distributed Inference.
The document discusses Apache MXNet, an open-source deep learning framework. It provides an overview of MXNet's history and key features, including support for multiple programming languages, an ecosystem of tools like GluonCV and GluonNLP, and model serving capabilities. It also describes MXNet's use of ONNX for model interchange, integration with Keras, and performance optimization using technologies like CUDA, MKL, and TVM. The document highlights MXNet's large community and adoption by customers.
In this talk ONNX (Open Neural Network eXchange) is introduced, and the ONNX Model Zoo is used as the base for fine-tuning with AWS SageMaker and Apache MXNet's Gluon API. With a fine-tuned model trained on Caltech101, AWS GreenGrass is discussed for edge deployments and the TVM Stack is suggested as a method for optimising the inference of models on edge devices.
Presented by: Thom Lane at Linaro Connect Vancouver 2018 on 19th September 2018.
Distributed Inference with MXNet and SparkApache MXNet
Deep Learning has become ubiquitous with abundance of data, commoditization of compute and storage. Pre-trained models are readily available for many use-cases. Distributed Inference has many applications such as pre-computing results offline, backfilling historic data with predictions from state-of-the-art models, etc.,. Inference on large scale datasets comes with many challenges prevalent in distributed data processing. This presentation will show how to efficiently run deep learning prediction on large data sets, leveraging Apache Spark and Apache MXNet (incubating).
This presentation describes two major papers in multi-variate time-series using deep neural networks. The first paper, DeepAR was developed at Amazon to deal with forecasting of millions of items where the same model can be applied to millions of products. DeepAR is implemented as a built-in algorithm of Amazon SageMaker. Code example is provided.
The second paper, Long- and Short-Term Temporal Patterns with Deep Neural Networks is developed at CMU and introduces a novel way to detect both short term and long term seasonality in data through introduction of skip-rnn.
A Gluon implementation of the paper is provided in the presentation.
Inference on edge has an ever increasing performance for companies and thus it is crucial to be able to make models smaller. Compressing models can be loss-less or can result in loss of accuracy. This presentation provides a survey of compression techniques for deep learning models. It then describes different architectures of AWS IoT/Green Grass to combine on-device inference and GPU inference in a hub model. Additionally the presentation introduces MXNet, which has small footprint and efficient both for inference and training in distributed settings.
Building Content Recommendation Systems using MXNet GluonApache MXNet
Netflix competition triggered a flurry of research for recommendation engines. This presentation provides a survey of techniques and models for creating a recommender system. The presentation covers Matrix Factorisation, Factorisation Machines, Distributed Factorisation Machines, and DSSM networks as well provide code examples for developing a Matrix Factorisation in Gluon. At the end the presentation provides tips and tricks for large-scale, realtime recommender engines.
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths ForwardLeonel Morgado
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...AbdullaAlAsif1
The pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys colletei, is known for its viviparous nature, this presents an intriguing case of relatively low fecundity, raising questions about potential compensatory reproductive strategies employed by this species. Our study delves into the examination of fecundity and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the Pygmy Halfbeak, D. colletei (Meisner, 2001), an intriguing viviparous fish indigenous to Sarawak, Borneo. We hypothesize that the Pygmy halfbeak, D. colletei, may exhibit unique reproductive adaptations to offset its low fecundity, thus enhancing its survival and fitness. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing 28 mature female specimens of D. colletei, carefully measuring fecundity and GSI to shed light on the reproductive adaptations of this species. Our findings reveal that D. colletei indeed exhibits low fecundity, with a mean of 16.76 ± 2.01, and a mean GSI of 12.83 ± 1.27, providing crucial insights into the reproductive mechanisms at play in this species. These results underscore the existence of unique reproductive strategies in D. colletei, enabling its adaptation and persistence in Borneo's diverse aquatic ecosystems, and call for further ecological research to elucidate these mechanisms. This study lends to a better understanding of viviparous fish in Borneo and contributes to the broader field of aquatic ecology, enhancing our knowledge of species adaptations to unique ecological challenges.
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptxMAGOTI ERNEST
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...Travis Hills MN
Travis Hills of Minnesota developed a method to convert waste into high-value dry fertilizer, significantly enriching soil quality. By providing farmers with a valuable resource derived from waste, Travis Hills helps enhance farm profitability while promoting environmental stewardship. Travis Hills' sustainable practices lead to cost savings and increased revenue for farmers by improving resource efficiency and reducing waste.
ESPP presentation to EU Waste Water Network, 4th June 2024 “EU policies driving nutrient removal and recycling
and the revised UWWTD (Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive)”
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
3. Applications: Brain tissue segmentation
U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentation Olaf Ronneberger, Philipp Fischer, Thomas Brox, 2015
9. How does it work?
Trained to minimize the softmax cross entropy loss for each pixel i,j
predictions among the N different classes:
𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 = −
𝑖,𝑗
𝐻,𝑊
𝑐
𝑁
𝑦𝑖,𝑗,𝑐 ∗ log(𝑝𝑖,𝑗,𝑐)
𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 = −
𝑖,𝑗
𝐻,𝑊
log(𝑝𝑖,𝑗,𝑐=𝑦 𝑖,𝑗
)
11. Source: Deep LabV3 Rethinking Atrous Convolution for Semantic Image Segmentation, Chen et al. 2017
Strategies for capturing multi-scale context
12. Architectures: HourGlass
Architecture of the full network. The convolution network is based on the VGG16 architecture. The deconvolution
network uses unpooling and deconvolution layers. Source: H. Noh et al. (2015)
15. Architectures: DeepLab V3+
Source: Encoder-Decoder with Atrous Separable Convolution for Semantic Image Segmentation, Liang-Chieh Chen, Yukun Zhu,
George Papandreou, Florian Schroff, and Hartwig Adam, 2018
16. Architectures: and more
See this medium blog post: Review of deep learning algorithm for semantic
segmentation
Fully Convolutional Network
ParseNet
Feature Pyramid Network
Pyramid Scene Parsing network (PSPNet)
Path Aggregation Network (PANet)
Context Encoding Network (EncNet)