- The document describes a casing and cementing job on Benin Basin Well 16A of Maro Oil Company.
- It discusses the casing types and cement slurries used, including additives added to modify cement properties. Lead and tail cement slurries were pumped according to design.
- Calculations were shown for determining the volumes of lead and tail cement slurries needed based on annular volumes between casing and open hole. The job was successful in isolating zones according to the well's objectives.
Presentation on Self Compacting Concrete / SCCAmit Haridas
Presentation describing the typical parameters of SCC, the tests required to conduct SCC and the issues faced when handling SCC.
This is just the slideshow and does not include commentary part of the original lecture.
This document provides instructions for installing underground graphite reinforced plastic (GRP) pipes. It describes how to transport, store, prepare, and lay the pipes in trenches. Key steps include handling pipes carefully to avoid damage, preparing pipe ends with couplings at the storage area, and using lubricant and pullers to join pipes in the trench. Backfilling should start immediately using approved granular materials in thin layers, compacting as the fill rises to properly support the pipes.
This document discusses methods for batching, mixing, transporting, and handling concrete. It describes the basic processes including batching ingredients by mass or volume, mixing concrete thoroughly in stationary or truck mixers, and transporting fresh concrete via dump trucks, pumps, conveyor belts, or chutes. The key considerations for choosing handling methods are the job scope and size, amount of concrete, placement locations (above or below ground), and schedule. Common equipment includes mixers, agitators, pumps, conveyors, chutes, and cranes to efficiently place concrete without segregation or delays.
Primary cementing involves pumping a cement slurry down casing to isolate zones and support the casing. It is done soon after casing installation. Secondary cementing addresses later issues and includes techniques like squeeze cementing which forces slurry into annuli under pressure to seal leaks or supplement prior jobs. Proper planning and execution of cementing operations is important for achieving zonal isolation and well integrity.
This document summarizes a presentation on cementing for well isolation. It discusses the importance of cementing for preventing flow to the surface and maintaining well integrity. Proper planning and execution of cementing operations is important to ensure zonal isolation for the life of the well. Key factors discussed include mud displacement, cement placement, temperature effects, and integrated mud and cement design.
IRJET- Feasible Study on Self Compacting ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the use of fly ash and silica fume in self-compacting concrete. Self-compacting concrete is able to flow and fill forms under its own weight without vibration. The study aims to evaluate the effects of incorporating fly ash and silica fume on the fresh, strength, and durability properties of self-compacting concrete. Concrete mixtures containing varying proportions of fly ash and silica fume were tested to determine their compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths as well as slump flow and V-funnel tests. The results were then analyzed to assess the impact of fly ash and silica fume additions on the properties of self-compacting concrete.
This document discusses cement manufacturing and composition, the objectives of cementing, and parameters for designing cement slurries. It notes that Portland cement is made from limestone and clay which react at high temperatures to form clinker. Cement consists mainly of tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, and tetracalcium aluminoferrite. The key objectives of cementing are to restrict fluid movement, support the casing, protect from corrosion, and stop lost circulation. Successful cementing requires proper design considering well parameters, cement additives, and procedures. Slurry properties like density, thickening time, rheology, fluid loss, strength, and retrogression must be considered in
This document summarizes a Halliburton workshop on cementing evaluation in Algeria. It discusses challenges with cementing work in the region, including permeable zones and overpressurized areas. It also reviews cement testing methods, engineered cement systems like expansive and resin cements, and industry best practices for cementing. A key challenge discussed is evaluating cement bonding in wells cemented with light-weight "tuned light" cement slurries using conventional cement bond logs. The document suggests acoustic tools may be better for evaluating this type of cement.
Presentation on Self Compacting Concrete / SCCAmit Haridas
Presentation describing the typical parameters of SCC, the tests required to conduct SCC and the issues faced when handling SCC.
This is just the slideshow and does not include commentary part of the original lecture.
This document provides instructions for installing underground graphite reinforced plastic (GRP) pipes. It describes how to transport, store, prepare, and lay the pipes in trenches. Key steps include handling pipes carefully to avoid damage, preparing pipe ends with couplings at the storage area, and using lubricant and pullers to join pipes in the trench. Backfilling should start immediately using approved granular materials in thin layers, compacting as the fill rises to properly support the pipes.
This document discusses methods for batching, mixing, transporting, and handling concrete. It describes the basic processes including batching ingredients by mass or volume, mixing concrete thoroughly in stationary or truck mixers, and transporting fresh concrete via dump trucks, pumps, conveyor belts, or chutes. The key considerations for choosing handling methods are the job scope and size, amount of concrete, placement locations (above or below ground), and schedule. Common equipment includes mixers, agitators, pumps, conveyors, chutes, and cranes to efficiently place concrete without segregation or delays.
Primary cementing involves pumping a cement slurry down casing to isolate zones and support the casing. It is done soon after casing installation. Secondary cementing addresses later issues and includes techniques like squeeze cementing which forces slurry into annuli under pressure to seal leaks or supplement prior jobs. Proper planning and execution of cementing operations is important for achieving zonal isolation and well integrity.
This document summarizes a presentation on cementing for well isolation. It discusses the importance of cementing for preventing flow to the surface and maintaining well integrity. Proper planning and execution of cementing operations is important to ensure zonal isolation for the life of the well. Key factors discussed include mud displacement, cement placement, temperature effects, and integrated mud and cement design.
IRJET- Feasible Study on Self Compacting ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the use of fly ash and silica fume in self-compacting concrete. Self-compacting concrete is able to flow and fill forms under its own weight without vibration. The study aims to evaluate the effects of incorporating fly ash and silica fume on the fresh, strength, and durability properties of self-compacting concrete. Concrete mixtures containing varying proportions of fly ash and silica fume were tested to determine their compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths as well as slump flow and V-funnel tests. The results were then analyzed to assess the impact of fly ash and silica fume additions on the properties of self-compacting concrete.
This document discusses cement manufacturing and composition, the objectives of cementing, and parameters for designing cement slurries. It notes that Portland cement is made from limestone and clay which react at high temperatures to form clinker. Cement consists mainly of tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, and tetracalcium aluminoferrite. The key objectives of cementing are to restrict fluid movement, support the casing, protect from corrosion, and stop lost circulation. Successful cementing requires proper design considering well parameters, cement additives, and procedures. Slurry properties like density, thickening time, rheology, fluid loss, strength, and retrogression must be considered in
This document summarizes a Halliburton workshop on cementing evaluation in Algeria. It discusses challenges with cementing work in the region, including permeable zones and overpressurized areas. It also reviews cement testing methods, engineered cement systems like expansive and resin cements, and industry best practices for cementing. A key challenge discussed is evaluating cement bonding in wells cemented with light-weight "tuned light" cement slurries using conventional cement bond logs. The document suggests acoustic tools may be better for evaluating this type of cement.
This document discusses cementing processes used in oil well construction. It describes the dry and wet processes for cement manufacturing, including the key steps and materials used. It then covers the objectives of primary and secondary cementing in oil wells, including supporting casing, restricting fluid movement, and sealing off zones. Finally, it discusses various cement additives used to modify properties like viscosity, density, strength and permeability to suit specific well conditions.
This document discusses bentonite, its origins, and its use in drilling fluids. Bentonite is a volcanic ash that was formed during the Cretaceous Period and is found in large volumes in the western U.S. It is composed of stacked platelets that can absorb large quantities of water and expand up to 20 times its original volume. Bentonite is used as the base material for drilling fluids due to its ability to suspend cuttings and form a filter cake to control fluid loss. Polymers and other additives are used to modify the properties of bentonite drilling fluids for different soil conditions.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation of Paver Blocks using High Early Strenght C...IRJET Journal
The document experimentally investigates the use of high early strength concrete for paver blocks. It summarizes that high early strength concrete can achieve structural strength within 24 hours, allowing blocks to be stacked sooner. The research aims to gain early strength and study properties using local waste materials like rice husk ash and calcium chloride as a cement replacement. Materials were tested and a mix design was developed. Fresh and hardened concrete was then tested, with compressive strength tests showing that concrete with a 15% calcium chloride accelerator achieved the highest strength at 7, 14, and 28 days. The conclusion is that the accelerator allows for higher early strength and durability compared to normal concrete.
This document describes the GTS Rotajet tool and its applications for removing scale and deposits from wells. It can be used to clean out slotted liners, open holes, and perforations. The document provides 5 case studies showing how the Rotajet tool was used to clean out wells and improve production or injection rates by removing scale, restoring flow channels, and directly treating perforations. Wells treated included horizontal, high temperature gas wells and various types of oil wells. The Rotajet tool helped increase rates, decrease injection pressures, and clean out wells to total depth.
Analyzing Effects of Various Kinds of Multi-Wall Carbo Nanotubes (MWCNT) on P...crimsonpublisherscojrr
Due to the significance and unique properties of Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT), in the present investigation, the viability of these materials in the Water-Based Mud (WBM) is assessed. The impacts of various kinds of MWCNT, mud additives and surfactants on the rheological properties, water loss and drilling fluid stability of the WBM are experimentally investigated. The results have demonstrated various kinds of MWCNT, additives, and surfactants have affected the rheological properties of the WBM. Adding MWCNT and Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) alone or together decrease the terms of rheological properties performance as subsequent order CNT; CNT + PEG; PEG. Surface modified carbon nanotube (Functionalize Carbon Nano Tube [FCNT]) improves rheological properties of the WBM and increases the shale recovery. All in all, the presence of Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes increases the efficiency of polymers and improves the rheological properties and performance of the water base mud.
Cementing involves pumping cement slurry down the casing string to isolate formations and support the casing. Key steps include:
1. Pumping cement slurry down the casing string after displacing drilling mud with a spacer fluid.
2. Releasing cement plugs to separate the cement from other fluids and indicate when cement displacement is complete.
3. Allowing the cement to set and harden before testing the zonal isolation provided by the cement sheath.
Proper additives, testing, calculations and centralization of the casing are important to achieve a good cement bond between the casing and formation.
This document discusses drilling fluids and their properties. It provides an overview of the principal functions of drilling fluids, which include subsurface pressure control, cuttings removal and transport, suspension of solid particles, sealing of permeable formations, stabilizing the wellbore, preventing formation damage, cooling and lubricating the bit, transmitting hydraulic horsepower to the bit, facilitating collection of formation data, partial support of the drill string and casing weights, controlling corrosion, and assisting in cementing and completion. It also discusses drilling fluid classifications, properties such as viscosity and rheology, and key components of drilling fluids.
This document announces a workshop on basic cementing to be held from May 11-13, 2015 in Malang, hosted by IATMI. The workshop aims to provide an in-depth introduction to cementing in well construction, including objectives of primary cementing, cement types and additives, testing, treatment types, achieving good cementing, and remedial cementing. It will cover related calculations and use presentations, videos, and animations to demonstrate cementing processes, alongside interactive discussion of field problems. The instructor, Indra Saktii Madewa, has extensive experience in well construction and cementing. The workshop fee is Rp. 12,000,000 excluding accommodation.
Cement Slurry Design for Oil and Gas Well CementationHimanshu Rajawat
This document summarizes cement slurry design for oil and gas well cementation. It discusses the objectives of cementing including zonal isolation and wellbore support. Key factors in cement slurry design are well parameters like depth, temperature and pressure. Important slurry parameters include density, thickening time, rheology, fluid loss and compressive strength. Cement additives like accelerators, retarders, dispersants and fluid loss additives are used to modify slurry properties for different well conditions. Laboratory equipment used in slurry testing and evaluation are also outlined.
Bad Applications of Oil-Based Mud (OBM) fluid in the oil and gas drilling process. There are many points of OBM's disadvantages or bad effects on boreholes and production zone.
This document discusses techniques for underwater repairs. It outlines that underwater repairs are more difficult and costly than above-water repairs due to challenges with materials, access, and inspection. Preparation of the damaged area requires specialized cleaning and removal techniques. Patch repairs and crack injections can be done with special cementitious or epoxy mortars suitable for underwater use. Large repairs require bulk placement methods and leak-tight formwork to contain repair materials.
This document discusses casing and cementing in oil and gas wells. It describes the five types of casing used: surface, conductor, intermediate, and production casing. It also discusses cement composition, slurry design, when cementing is required, and well cementing techniques. The primary functions of casing and cementing are to prevent fluid migration and provide zonal isolation between geological formations in the wellbore. Cementing the casing strings helps achieve these functions and is an important part of well construction.
The document discusses light weight self-compacting concrete (LWSCC) using different lightweight aggregates (LWA). It finds that:
1) Increasing the percentage replacement of natural aggregates with LWA like perlite, scoria, and bottom ash slag (BST) decreases the mechanical strength and workability of LWSCC.
2) BST mixes had the most detrimental effects and did not meet self-compacting standards due to segregation issues, whereas perlite and scoria mixes met standards.
3) Increasing the binder content from 400kg/m3 to 450kg/m3 improved strength and workability for BST mixes, showing binder content can mitigate negative impacts of LWA
OGFC (open-graded friction course) is a pavement surface mixture composed of open gradation and little fine aggregate. It contains a minimum of 18% air voids to provide high skid resistance and drainage. OGFC is used on high traffic roads and areas prone to wet weather accidents to reduce hydroplaning. Its open structure allows water to drain through the pavement to reduce splash and spray. However, OGFC may be more prone to clogging, raveling, and winter maintenance issues compared to dense-graded asphalt.
This document discusses challenges with cementing in deepwater environments, including shallow water flows and gas hydrate destabilization due to cement heat of hydration. It presents a solution of optimizing cement slurry design to reduce heat of hydration through lowering the calcium silicate reaction enthalpies. Experimental data shows that a cement system designed with a lower heat of hydration reduces temperature rise and develops strength rapidly enough to prevent issues. This optimized system was successfully implemented in the field to help prevent gas hydrate destabilization during cementing.
This document provides information about drilling fluids used in oil and gas drilling operations. It discusses the key components and functions of drilling fluids, including bringing cuttings to the surface, controlling subsurface pressures, lubricating and cooling the drill bit. It also describes various types of drilling fluids like water-based muds, calcium muds, lignosulphonate muds, and KCl/polymer muds. The document discusses the role of clays and colloid chemistry in drilling fluids and outlines the properties and uses of different clay minerals.
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a highly flowable concrete that can spread into place and fill formwork without any mechanical consolidation. SCC was developed in Japan in the 1980s to overcome issues with inadequate consolidation of traditional vibrated concrete. SCC uses special admixtures and optimized aggregate gradation to achieve excellent flowability, passing ability, and segregation resistance. While SCC has higher material costs, it provides benefits of easier placement, improved quality, reduced labor requirements, and faster construction.
Underwater concrete (UWC) requires special mix designs, placement techniques, and quality control due to the challenges of placing concrete underwater. The document discusses types of materials used in UWC including cement, aggregates, and admixtures. It also describes common placement methods like the tremie method, pump method, and bagwork. Construction techniques for placing UWC include the use of caissons and cofferdams to create a dry work environment. Proper production, quality control measures, and maintenance are needed to ensure the durability of underwater concrete structures.
EXPERIMENTAL BEHAVIOUR OF SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE USING GGBS WITH PARTIAL RE...Ijripublishers Ijri
Concrete is Most widely used construction Material in the Modern Era because of its good Compressive strength and
high durability. As we know Concrete comprises a Mixture of cement, sand (fine aggregate), course aggregate and water
which makes up normal plain concrete, to increase the strength of concrete we can design the mix with greater Flexibility,
but the problems Arises in structure as load age, increaseof floors which demands increase of high strength concrete
and more steel. So, especially at the beams, columns joints heavy reinforcement meshing is done so that it becomes If
the concrete is not compacted then strength may not be achieved, so the solution for the problem is SCC which we call
it asself-compacting concrete. Were this SCC has ability to compact by itself Gravity and self-flow ability same strength
can be Here in the research, it is carried out self-compaction concrete to improve strength & make concrete economical
so, a mix is dispend of M30,M40 Grades with adding chemical admixture named poly carboxylic ether (ADVA960) , a
Retarder Basically Which also increases strength and workability &replacing cement with GGBS (Ground Granulated
Blast Furnace Slag) 40%&50% .The tests are carried out to find the increase in strength by adding chemical admixture &
replacing GGBS 40% & 50%.By the chemical admixture adding up to 2% Max were previous strength shows that adding
of chemical admixture greater than 2% which results to increase the initial setting time and decrease in the w/c ratio.
Test will be conducted for 3,7,28 days find the increase of strength and its other properties
This document discusses cementing processes used in oil well construction. It describes the dry and wet processes for cement manufacturing, including the key steps and materials used. It then covers the objectives of primary and secondary cementing in oil wells, including supporting casing, restricting fluid movement, and sealing off zones. Finally, it discusses various cement additives used to modify properties like viscosity, density, strength and permeability to suit specific well conditions.
This document discusses bentonite, its origins, and its use in drilling fluids. Bentonite is a volcanic ash that was formed during the Cretaceous Period and is found in large volumes in the western U.S. It is composed of stacked platelets that can absorb large quantities of water and expand up to 20 times its original volume. Bentonite is used as the base material for drilling fluids due to its ability to suspend cuttings and form a filter cake to control fluid loss. Polymers and other additives are used to modify the properties of bentonite drilling fluids for different soil conditions.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation of Paver Blocks using High Early Strenght C...IRJET Journal
The document experimentally investigates the use of high early strength concrete for paver blocks. It summarizes that high early strength concrete can achieve structural strength within 24 hours, allowing blocks to be stacked sooner. The research aims to gain early strength and study properties using local waste materials like rice husk ash and calcium chloride as a cement replacement. Materials were tested and a mix design was developed. Fresh and hardened concrete was then tested, with compressive strength tests showing that concrete with a 15% calcium chloride accelerator achieved the highest strength at 7, 14, and 28 days. The conclusion is that the accelerator allows for higher early strength and durability compared to normal concrete.
This document describes the GTS Rotajet tool and its applications for removing scale and deposits from wells. It can be used to clean out slotted liners, open holes, and perforations. The document provides 5 case studies showing how the Rotajet tool was used to clean out wells and improve production or injection rates by removing scale, restoring flow channels, and directly treating perforations. Wells treated included horizontal, high temperature gas wells and various types of oil wells. The Rotajet tool helped increase rates, decrease injection pressures, and clean out wells to total depth.
Analyzing Effects of Various Kinds of Multi-Wall Carbo Nanotubes (MWCNT) on P...crimsonpublisherscojrr
Due to the significance and unique properties of Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT), in the present investigation, the viability of these materials in the Water-Based Mud (WBM) is assessed. The impacts of various kinds of MWCNT, mud additives and surfactants on the rheological properties, water loss and drilling fluid stability of the WBM are experimentally investigated. The results have demonstrated various kinds of MWCNT, additives, and surfactants have affected the rheological properties of the WBM. Adding MWCNT and Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) alone or together decrease the terms of rheological properties performance as subsequent order CNT; CNT + PEG; PEG. Surface modified carbon nanotube (Functionalize Carbon Nano Tube [FCNT]) improves rheological properties of the WBM and increases the shale recovery. All in all, the presence of Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes increases the efficiency of polymers and improves the rheological properties and performance of the water base mud.
Cementing involves pumping cement slurry down the casing string to isolate formations and support the casing. Key steps include:
1. Pumping cement slurry down the casing string after displacing drilling mud with a spacer fluid.
2. Releasing cement plugs to separate the cement from other fluids and indicate when cement displacement is complete.
3. Allowing the cement to set and harden before testing the zonal isolation provided by the cement sheath.
Proper additives, testing, calculations and centralization of the casing are important to achieve a good cement bond between the casing and formation.
This document discusses drilling fluids and their properties. It provides an overview of the principal functions of drilling fluids, which include subsurface pressure control, cuttings removal and transport, suspension of solid particles, sealing of permeable formations, stabilizing the wellbore, preventing formation damage, cooling and lubricating the bit, transmitting hydraulic horsepower to the bit, facilitating collection of formation data, partial support of the drill string and casing weights, controlling corrosion, and assisting in cementing and completion. It also discusses drilling fluid classifications, properties such as viscosity and rheology, and key components of drilling fluids.
This document announces a workshop on basic cementing to be held from May 11-13, 2015 in Malang, hosted by IATMI. The workshop aims to provide an in-depth introduction to cementing in well construction, including objectives of primary cementing, cement types and additives, testing, treatment types, achieving good cementing, and remedial cementing. It will cover related calculations and use presentations, videos, and animations to demonstrate cementing processes, alongside interactive discussion of field problems. The instructor, Indra Saktii Madewa, has extensive experience in well construction and cementing. The workshop fee is Rp. 12,000,000 excluding accommodation.
Cement Slurry Design for Oil and Gas Well CementationHimanshu Rajawat
This document summarizes cement slurry design for oil and gas well cementation. It discusses the objectives of cementing including zonal isolation and wellbore support. Key factors in cement slurry design are well parameters like depth, temperature and pressure. Important slurry parameters include density, thickening time, rheology, fluid loss and compressive strength. Cement additives like accelerators, retarders, dispersants and fluid loss additives are used to modify slurry properties for different well conditions. Laboratory equipment used in slurry testing and evaluation are also outlined.
Bad Applications of Oil-Based Mud (OBM) fluid in the oil and gas drilling process. There are many points of OBM's disadvantages or bad effects on boreholes and production zone.
This document discusses techniques for underwater repairs. It outlines that underwater repairs are more difficult and costly than above-water repairs due to challenges with materials, access, and inspection. Preparation of the damaged area requires specialized cleaning and removal techniques. Patch repairs and crack injections can be done with special cementitious or epoxy mortars suitable for underwater use. Large repairs require bulk placement methods and leak-tight formwork to contain repair materials.
This document discusses casing and cementing in oil and gas wells. It describes the five types of casing used: surface, conductor, intermediate, and production casing. It also discusses cement composition, slurry design, when cementing is required, and well cementing techniques. The primary functions of casing and cementing are to prevent fluid migration and provide zonal isolation between geological formations in the wellbore. Cementing the casing strings helps achieve these functions and is an important part of well construction.
The document discusses light weight self-compacting concrete (LWSCC) using different lightweight aggregates (LWA). It finds that:
1) Increasing the percentage replacement of natural aggregates with LWA like perlite, scoria, and bottom ash slag (BST) decreases the mechanical strength and workability of LWSCC.
2) BST mixes had the most detrimental effects and did not meet self-compacting standards due to segregation issues, whereas perlite and scoria mixes met standards.
3) Increasing the binder content from 400kg/m3 to 450kg/m3 improved strength and workability for BST mixes, showing binder content can mitigate negative impacts of LWA
OGFC (open-graded friction course) is a pavement surface mixture composed of open gradation and little fine aggregate. It contains a minimum of 18% air voids to provide high skid resistance and drainage. OGFC is used on high traffic roads and areas prone to wet weather accidents to reduce hydroplaning. Its open structure allows water to drain through the pavement to reduce splash and spray. However, OGFC may be more prone to clogging, raveling, and winter maintenance issues compared to dense-graded asphalt.
This document discusses challenges with cementing in deepwater environments, including shallow water flows and gas hydrate destabilization due to cement heat of hydration. It presents a solution of optimizing cement slurry design to reduce heat of hydration through lowering the calcium silicate reaction enthalpies. Experimental data shows that a cement system designed with a lower heat of hydration reduces temperature rise and develops strength rapidly enough to prevent issues. This optimized system was successfully implemented in the field to help prevent gas hydrate destabilization during cementing.
This document provides information about drilling fluids used in oil and gas drilling operations. It discusses the key components and functions of drilling fluids, including bringing cuttings to the surface, controlling subsurface pressures, lubricating and cooling the drill bit. It also describes various types of drilling fluids like water-based muds, calcium muds, lignosulphonate muds, and KCl/polymer muds. The document discusses the role of clays and colloid chemistry in drilling fluids and outlines the properties and uses of different clay minerals.
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a highly flowable concrete that can spread into place and fill formwork without any mechanical consolidation. SCC was developed in Japan in the 1980s to overcome issues with inadequate consolidation of traditional vibrated concrete. SCC uses special admixtures and optimized aggregate gradation to achieve excellent flowability, passing ability, and segregation resistance. While SCC has higher material costs, it provides benefits of easier placement, improved quality, reduced labor requirements, and faster construction.
Underwater concrete (UWC) requires special mix designs, placement techniques, and quality control due to the challenges of placing concrete underwater. The document discusses types of materials used in UWC including cement, aggregates, and admixtures. It also describes common placement methods like the tremie method, pump method, and bagwork. Construction techniques for placing UWC include the use of caissons and cofferdams to create a dry work environment. Proper production, quality control measures, and maintenance are needed to ensure the durability of underwater concrete structures.
EXPERIMENTAL BEHAVIOUR OF SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE USING GGBS WITH PARTIAL RE...Ijripublishers Ijri
Concrete is Most widely used construction Material in the Modern Era because of its good Compressive strength and
high durability. As we know Concrete comprises a Mixture of cement, sand (fine aggregate), course aggregate and water
which makes up normal plain concrete, to increase the strength of concrete we can design the mix with greater Flexibility,
but the problems Arises in structure as load age, increaseof floors which demands increase of high strength concrete
and more steel. So, especially at the beams, columns joints heavy reinforcement meshing is done so that it becomes If
the concrete is not compacted then strength may not be achieved, so the solution for the problem is SCC which we call
it asself-compacting concrete. Were this SCC has ability to compact by itself Gravity and self-flow ability same strength
can be Here in the research, it is carried out self-compaction concrete to improve strength & make concrete economical
so, a mix is dispend of M30,M40 Grades with adding chemical admixture named poly carboxylic ether (ADVA960) , a
Retarder Basically Which also increases strength and workability &replacing cement with GGBS (Ground Granulated
Blast Furnace Slag) 40%&50% .The tests are carried out to find the increase in strength by adding chemical admixture &
replacing GGBS 40% & 50%.By the chemical admixture adding up to 2% Max were previous strength shows that adding
of chemical admixture greater than 2% which results to increase the initial setting time and decrease in the w/c ratio.
Test will be conducted for 3,7,28 days find the increase of strength and its other properties
Self-compacting concrete was developed in Japan in the 1980s to solve problems with inadequate compaction of traditional concrete. It uses a high paste content and superplasticizers to create a concrete that can flow and consolidate under its own weight without vibration. Tests were developed to evaluate properties like filling ability, passing ability, and segregation resistance. Self-compacting concrete provides benefits like easier placement, faster construction, better surface finish, and improved durability. However, it also has higher costs associated with materials and mix design development.
MoRT&H section for quality assurance Section 900.pptxaegdrnh53vup01
Dry Lean Concrete (DLC) is a Zero Slump concrete Sub-Base for wearing concrete course in conformity with the lines, grades and cross-sections shown on the drawings.
The design parameters of dry lean concrete sub-base say, width, thickness, grade of concrete, details of joints, etc. shall be as stipulated in the drawings.
CEMENT:-
Ultratech OPC 53 Grade conforming to IS 269 : 2015
AGGREGATES:-
Coarse Aggregate:-
Source:- Chikhli
Aggregates complying with IS 383.
Maximum size of the coarse aggregate is 26.5 mm.
The Aggregate Impact Value shall not exceed 35%.
The combined flakiness and elongation index of aggregate shall not be more than 35%.
Casting process and moulding process file for trainning report complet trainn...chourasiya12345
The document provides information about sand casting and sand testing methods used in casting industries. It discusses the basic sand casting process which involves creating a mold from sand, pouring molten metal, and allowing it to solidify. It then describes various tests conducted on molds sands to evaluate properties like moisture content, clay content, grain size, permeability, and strength. These sand tests help control mold sand composition and ensure required properties are achieved.
1. Drilling fluids serve several essential functions including removing drill cuttings from the wellbore, controlling formation pressure, and maintaining wellbore stability.
2. A mud engineer monitors and treats the mud to keep its properties and chemistry within recommended limits to optimize drilling aims.
3. The selection of a drilling fluid type is based on factors like drilling problems encountered, compatibility with the fluid in use, costs, availability of products, and environmental considerations.
This document provides an overview of shaft sinking methods for underground mining. It discusses traditional methods like wood/steel piling and open caisson as well as more advanced techniques like vertical shaft sinking machines (VSM) and shaft boring systems. The document highlights the advantages of mechanical excavation methods like VSMs in providing higher production rates and safety compared to traditional drill and blast operations. It analyzes case studies of shafts sunk in India and concludes that using advanced technologies could have increased production rates by 30% while improving safety and reducing costs compared to conventional shaft sinking methods.
RESTORATION OF EXISTING MAJOR BRIDGE ACROSS RIVER BHADAR ON NATIONAL HIGHWAY ...IEI GSC
By S.K.Patel, P C Gandhi S R Shah J N Prajapati
at 31st National Convention of Civil Engineers
organised by
Gujarat State Center, The Institution of Engineers (India) at Ahmedabad
The Cambay #15 well has experienced 100% water cut due to excess water production. To address this, a squeeze cement job will be performed to seal off the existing open interval between 1400-1404.5m. Cement will be squeezed into this zone and the tubing shoe adjusted upwards to 1395m to perforate a new production zone higher in the formation, transferring production to upper sands with the aim of resuming oil production.
The document outlines a plan to abandon 10 wells in the Cold Lake Oil Sands Area. It provides details on the history and current status of each well, and whether they are compliant with AER directives on proper cementing and plugging procedures. For the non-compliant wells, it estimates the potential costs to remediate them with a waiver or without. In total, 4 wells are compliant and the estimated cost for all 10 wells is $102,000 with waivers, but would be $1,504,000 without any waivers granted.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Mesh Confined Concrete Subjected to High Tempera...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on the effects of high temperature on mesh confined concrete. Concrete cylinders with and without different mesh confinements were cast and subjected to a temperature of 300°C. The specimens were then cooled using two methods and tested to determine their mechanical properties. The study found that specimens with GI weld mesh confinement had higher strength, energy absorption and stiffness after exposure to high temperature compared to conventional concrete specimens without mesh confinement. Specimens cooled through air drying also performed better than those cooled through quenching. The GI weld mesh confined concrete showed improved properties like load carrying capacity and deformation resistance after exposure to high temperature.
This document discusses casing design and selection for oil and gas wells. It begins by explaining the functions of different casing strings, including conductor, surface, intermediate, production casing, and liners. Key factors in determining casing setting depths are discussed, such as mud weight profiles, formation pressures, and hole sizes. Common casing sizes and connections are also outlined. Proper casing design is important for well integrity and cost-effectiveness of the drilling project.
study of self-compacting concrete for economical constructionTejas6957
topic is to prove that self-compacting concrete[SCC] is more cheaper than ordinary concrete in mass concrete. and we PROVED that SCC is cheaper then ordinary concrete. yes, goal is achieved.........
This document discusses casing design and functions of casing. It provides examples of casing design calculations for burst, collapse, and tension. The key points are:
1. Casing serves several purposes including supporting weak formations, isolating fluid zones, and providing a passage for production.
2. Casing design involves calculating burst, collapse, and tension requirements using API design factors as safety margins. Worst case conditions are assumed.
3. An example problem demonstrates designing a 9 5/8" casing string to withstand expected pore pressures and hydrostatic pressures from drilling mud using API factors and available casing grades. Iteration is required to find the optimal design.
Engineering is the professional art of applying science to the optimum conversion of the resources of nature to benefit man.
The internship at Cochin Shipyard,DMRC and Vytilla helped in bridging the gap between theory and practice and provided practical,field based and real world experience.
Poor cement jobs in oil and gas wells can have significant costs. Cementing is important for zonal isolation and preventing accidents. Cement jobs are challenging for horizontal wells due to fluid migration in deviated wellbores. A new rotating mandrel hanger wellhead system called the MN-DS allows casing to be rotated during cementing for better distribution. This can improve cement job quality and integrity while saving rig time. The nested design also reduces the overall height to fit modern rigs better.
This document presents a study that uses linear regression to predict university freshmen's academic performance (GPA) based on their scores on the Joint Matriculation Examination (JME). The study finds a weak positive correlation (R=0.137) between GPA and JME scores, with the regression model only explaining 1.9% of variability in GPA. Statistical tests show no significant relationship between JME score and university GPA (p>0.05). The study concludes that JME score is not a strong predictor of freshmen academic performance.
This document describes a school bus tracking and security system that uses face recognition, GPS, and notification technologies. The system uses a camera to identify students as they board and exit the bus. A GPS module tracks the bus location and uploads coordinates to a database. Parents and school administrators can access this information through a mobile app to track students. When a student's face is recognized, a notification is sent to the parents. The system aims to increase student safety by monitoring their locations and notifying parents when they enter or exit the bus.
BigBasket encashing the Demonetisation: A big opportunityIJSRED
1. BigBasket is India's largest online grocery retailer, launched in 2011 when online grocery shopping was still nascent.
2. During India's 2016 demonetization, when cash was scarce, online grocery saw a major boost as consumers turned to sites like BigBasket for contactless digital payments.
3. However, BigBasket faced challenges in meeting consumer expectations for quick delivery while expanding partnerships with local vendors for fresh produce during this surge in demand.
Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Plant Leaf DiseaseIJSRED
This document discusses a technique for detecting plant leaf diseases using image processing. It begins with an introduction to plant pathology and the importance of identifying plant diseases. Common plant leaf diseases like Alternaria Alternata, Anthracnose, Bacterial blight, and Cercospora Leaf Spot are described along with their symptoms. The existing methods of disease identification are discussed. The proposed method uses various image processing techniques like filtering, histogram equalization, k-means clustering, and Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) feature extraction to detect diseases. Image quality is then assessed to identify the affected regions of the leaf.
DC Fast Charger and Battery Management System for Electric VehiclesIJSRED
This document discusses the development of a DC fast charger and battery management system for electric vehicles. It aims to reduce charging times for EVs by designing an efficient charging mechanism. A PIC microcontroller controls the charging voltage and a battery management system monitors battery temperature, voltage, current and provides notifications. The system uses a step-down transformer, rectifier, voltage regulators and temperature sensor to charge lithium-ion batteries safely and quickly, while the battery management system protects the batteries from overcharging or overheating. Faster charging times through more charging stations could encourage greater adoption of electric vehicles.
France has experienced steady economic growth through policies that develop human capital and innovation. It has a highly organized education system that has increased enrollments over time, particularly in tertiary education. France also invests heavily in research and development, ranking highly in patents and innovative organizations. Infrastructure investment has also increased tangible capital stock. Additionally, factors like political stability, rule of law, and low corruption create an environment conducive to business investment and growth. Major events like the French Revolution helped shape France culturally, legally and technologically in ways that still influence its growth path today.
This document describes an acquisition system designed to make the examination process more efficient. The system uses a Raspberry Pi to control various hardware components including an RFID reader, rack and pinion assembly, and motor. It is intended to reduce the time and effort required of staff to distribute exam materials by automating the process. When examiners scan their RFID tags, the system verifies their identity and allows them to retrieve the appropriate exam bundles via a motorized rack and pinion assembly. The goal is to minimize manual labor and speed up exam distribution using an automated hardware and software solution controlled by a Raspberry Pi microcontroller.
Parallelization of Graceful Labeling Using Open MPIJSRED
This document summarizes research on parallelizing the graceful graph labeling problem using OpenMP on multi-core processors. It introduces the concepts of parallelization, multi-core architecture, and OpenMP. An algorithm is designed to parallelize graceful labeling by distributing graph vertices across processor cores. Execution time and speedup are measured for graphs of increasing size, showing improved speedup and reduced time with parallelization. Results show consistent performance gains as graph size increases due to better utilization of the multi-core architecture.
Study of Phenotypic Plasticity of Fruits of Luffa Acutangula Var. AmaraIJSRED
This study examines the phenotypic plasticity of fruits in the plant Luffa acutangula var. amara across different locations in Sindhudurg district, Maharashtra, India. The study found that the plant exhibited plasticity in growth cycle, flowering season, leaf shape, and fruit size depending on location. Maximum fruit weights and sizes were recorded at Talebazar village, while minimum sizes were found at Dahibav village. The variation in fruit morphology is an adaptation to the different environmental conditions at each site.
Understanding Architecture of Internet of ThingsIJSRED
The document discusses the architecture of the Internet of Things (IoT). It begins by introducing IoT and its key components. It then discusses three traditional IoT architectures: (1) a three-layer architecture consisting of a perception, network and application layer; (2) the TCP/IP four-layer model; and (3) the Telecommunications Management Network's five-layer logical layered architecture. The document proposes a new five-layer IoT architecture combining aspects of these models. The five layers are the business, application, processing, transport and perception layers. The perception layer collects data via sensors while the business layer manages the overall enterprise.
This document describes a project report submitted by three students for their bachelor's degree. The report outlines the development of a smart shopping cart system that utilizes RFID and Zigbee technologies. The smart cart is intended to enhance the shopping experience for customers by automatically billing items as they are added to the cart, providing real-time stock levels, and reducing checkout times. The system aims to benefit both customers through a more personalized shopping experience and retailers by improving stock management and reducing shoplifting. The document includes sections on requirements, system design, implementation, results and discussion, and conclusions.
An Emperical Study of Learning How Soft Skills is Essential for Management St...IJSRED
This document discusses an empirical study on the importance of soft skills for management students' careers. It finds that while hard skills and academic performance were once prioritized by employers, soft skills like communication, teamwork, and emotional intelligence are now essential for success. The study surveyed 50 management students and faculty in Bangalore to understand how well soft skills training is incorporated and its benefits. It determined that soft skills like communication are crucial as they influence interactions and job performance. However, older teaching methods do not sufficiently develop these skills. Integrating soft skills training into courses could better prepare students for today's work challenges.
The document describes a proposed smart canteen management system that uses various technologies like a web application, barcode scanner, and thermal printer to automate the food ordering process. The system aims to reduce wait times for students and avoid food wastage by allowing online ordering and monitoring stock. A barcode scanner will be used to identify students during ordering and payment. Thermal printers will generate receipts. The system is expected to reduce workload for staff and provide detailed sales reports for management.
This document discusses Gandhi's concept of trusteeship as an alternative economic system. It summarizes that Gandhi did not distinguish between economics and ethics, and based trusteeship on religious ideas like non-possession and truth as well as Western ideas like stewardship. Trusteeship aimed to persuade wealthy property owners to hold wealth in trust for the benefit of society rather than personal gain. It was meant as a non-violent alternative to capitalism and communism that eliminated class conflict through cooperation and trust between rich and poor. The document provides background on the philosophical and religious influences on Gandhi's views before explaining the key aspects of his theory of trusteeship.
Impacts of a New Spatial Variable on a Black Hole Metric SolutionIJSRED
This document discusses the impacts of introducing a new spatial variable in black hole metrics. It begins by summarizing Einstein and Rosen's 1935 paper which introduced a variable ρ = r - 2M in the Schwarzschild metric to remove the singularity. The document then introduces a similar new variable p = r - 2√M and analyzes how this impacts the Schwarzschild metric. Specifically, it notes that this new variable allows for negative radii values and multiple asymptotic regions beyond just two, introducing concepts of probability and imaginary spatial coordinates. Overall, the document explores how different mathematical variables can impact theoretical physics concepts like wormholes.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Knowledg...IJSRED
This document summarizes a study that assessed the effectiveness of a planned teaching program on mothers' knowledge of preventing acute respiratory infections in children under 5. 50 mothers were surveyed before and after the program. Before, 36% had moderate knowledge, 62% had inadequate knowledge, and 2% had adequate knowledge. After, 34% had moderate knowledge, 0% had inadequate knowledge, and 66% had adequate knowledge, showing the program improved mothers' knowledge. The study found no significant association between mothers' knowledge and factors like age, education, or family type.
This document describes a proposed ingenuous Trafalgar contrivition system to improve traffic flow and emergency vehicle access. The system uses embedded technologies like a Raspberry Pi, RF transmitter and receiver, and an Android app. When an emergency vehicle is detected approaching a traffic light, the system will open the lights on its path without disrupting other signals. The app will also help identify hit-and-run vehicles through a brief tracking period. The goal is to reduce traffic congestion and response times to save lives.
This document discusses a proposed system called the Farmer's Analytical Assistant, which aims to help farmers in India maximize crop yields through predictive analysis and recommendations. It analyzes agricultural data on factors like soil properties, rainfall, and past crop performance using machine learning techniques to predict optimal crops for different regions based on the environmental conditions. The proposed system would allow farmers to input local data, receive personalized yield predictions and crop suggestions, and get advice from experts online. The methodology section describes how climate/rainfall and soil data is collected and analyzed using machine learning models to provide crop recommendations. The goal is to improve upon traditional crop selection methods and help increase farmers' incomes.
Functions of Forensic Engineering Investigator in IndiaIJSRED
Forensic engineering involves applying engineering principles and methodologies to answer legal questions, especially regarding accidents and failures. A forensic engineer investigates failures through failure analysis and root cause analysis to determine how and why something failed. The engineer must be familiar with relevant codes and standards, understand eyewitness testimony, apply the scientific method to reconstruct events, and report findings clearly to assist courts. A forensic engineering investigation follows the scientific method to methodically analyze evidence and test hypotheses to determine the cause and circumstances of a failure or accident.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for...PIMR BHOPAL
Variable frequency drive .A Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is an electronic device used to control the speed and torque of an electric motor by varying the frequency and voltage of its power supply. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for motor control, providing significant energy savings and precise motor operation.
Design and optimization of ion propulsion dronebjmsejournal
Electric propulsion technology is widely used in many kinds of vehicles in recent years, and aircrafts are no exception. Technically, UAVs are electrically propelled but tend to produce a significant amount of noise and vibrations. Ion propulsion technology for drones is a potential solution to this problem. Ion propulsion technology is proven to be feasible in the earth’s atmosphere. The study presented in this article shows the design of EHD thrusters and power supply for ion propulsion drones along with performance optimization of high-voltage power supply for endurance in earth’s atmosphere.
Build the Next Generation of Apps with the Einstein 1 Platform.
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Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdfAtif Razi
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.