The purpose of this study was to determine consumer behavior towards purchases
on social commerce in Indonesia. Research is quantitative using theories from
previous studies. Statistical analysis was performed using Multiple Linear Regression.
The data was collected using an online questionnaire on a sample of users who had
made transactions and accessed social commerce as many as 161 people. Data
analysis in this study using SPSS v25 software. The results of hypothesis testing show
that the variable E-WOM, Cu
Information have a significant effect on consumers' efforts to make purchases, while
variable sharing
Online Shop-ping in India is evolving fast and has the prospective to grow exponentially in the times to come. Online shopping is a growing area of technology. Online shopping has spread into every corner of life, linking people to the culture of capitalism in frequent and daily ways. In general, shopping has always catered to middle class and upper class women. Shopping is fragmented and pyramid-shaped. Online shopping is the process consumers go through to purchase products or services over the Internet. An online shop, eshop, e-store, internet shop, web shop, web store, online store, or virtual store evokes the physical analogy of buying products or services at a bricks-and-mortar retailer or in a shopping mall. Establishing a store on the Internet, allows for retailers to expand their market and reach out to consumers who may not otherwise visit the physical store. The convenience of online shopping is the main attraction for the consumers. Unique online payment systems offer easy and safe purchasing from other individuals. Online shopping allows people with a broad range of products in different categories. It also gives a chance to compare the same product with the others and also shows the best deal.. The benefits of shopping online also come with potential risks and dangers that consumers must be aware of. This research is conducted to study the emerging trends of online shopping retails by retailers. This report includes the various factors which are taken into consideration by the consumers for purchasing through a retail store or for online shopping. Report also takes into consideration the factors which forms the basis of comparison made by the customers, mainly the women for online shopping vis-à-vis shopping through a retail store.
The effect of online shopping orientation on perceived behavioural control Aida Santos
This study seeks to investigate the effect of nine constructs of online shopping orientation on perceived behavioural control and attitude toward purchase. The results suggest that in-home shopping tendency, convenience consciousness, and impulsive purchase are the most significant constructs in forming online shopping orientation.
Keywords: online purchasing orientations, online intention, TPB
Customer’s buying behavior for online shoppingKetan Rai
It is era of Online Shopping every Age Group is using internet now these days , So i have research report on topic Customer’s buying behavior for online shopping ... it is based upon delhi based company " CITYWEB"
This document summarizes a study on factors influencing online shopping in Ahmedabad, India. The study analyzed consumer perceptions of online shopping through surveys and statistical analysis. It found that ease/attractiveness of websites, service quality of websites, and website security are the three dominant factors influencing consumer online shopping experiences. Additionally, the study found that regular buyers are most influenced by ease/attractiveness of websites and service quality, while occasional buyers value website security more than other types of consumers.
consumer attitude towards online shopping and their satisfactionRam Babu
This document provides a research project report on consumer attitudes towards online shopping and satisfaction in India. It includes an introduction to the growing field of e-commerce in India, objectives and methodology for the study, data collection and analysis, findings and conclusions. The study found that factors like information availability, perceived usefulness, ease of use, enjoyment and security/privacy influence Indian consumers' perceptions of online shopping. Online shopping is growing rapidly in India due to increasing internet access, computer users, and a large middle-class population with spending power looking for convenience.
Marketing online shopping - consumer’s perception on online shoppingRadhe Jha
This document appears to be a dissertation report on consumer perceptions of online shopping in India. It includes an introduction that provides background on the growth of online shopping in India. The introduction discusses how online activities like shopping, banking, employment searches, and travel booking are growing significantly. It also outlines key factors driving online adoption in India like increasing internet penetration, lower costs, and changing consumer attitudes. The dissertation will examine factors that influence Indian consumers' online shopping perceptions and behaviors through a survey analysis.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Customer Satisfaction in Online Shopping: a study into the reasons for motiva...IOSR Journals
This study endeavours to understand customer satisfaction in online shopping while investigating the major reasons that motivated customers’ decision-making processes as well as inhibitions of online shopping. The Kotler and Killers (2009) Five Stage Buying Process Model was chosen as the basis of framework of this study to explain customer satisfaction through their motivations to buy products online. The existing literature was reviewed to discover reasons that would influence customers positively or negatively towards shopping online. Surveys were conducted by distributing questionnaires in the Wrexham area (North Wales) to gather data for this research. SPSS software package was used to present research data graphically and to test research hypothesis. From the findings, it was discovered that respondents use internet to purchase products through online because they believe it is convenience to them and the term convenient includes elements such as time saving, information availability, opening time, ease of use, websites navigation, less shopping stress, less expensive and shopping fun. In contrast, along with respondents’ mind-sets, online payment security, personal privacy and trust, unclear warranties and returns policies and lack of personal customer service are the foremost barriers of online shopping. Furthermore, the result of hypotheses established that even though online shopping is convenient to all consumers, online payment system and privacy or security anxieties have significant impact on online shopping. Finally, some recommendations have been offered for online retailers to take initiatives for making online shopping more admired and trustworthy.
Online Shop-ping in India is evolving fast and has the prospective to grow exponentially in the times to come. Online shopping is a growing area of technology. Online shopping has spread into every corner of life, linking people to the culture of capitalism in frequent and daily ways. In general, shopping has always catered to middle class and upper class women. Shopping is fragmented and pyramid-shaped. Online shopping is the process consumers go through to purchase products or services over the Internet. An online shop, eshop, e-store, internet shop, web shop, web store, online store, or virtual store evokes the physical analogy of buying products or services at a bricks-and-mortar retailer or in a shopping mall. Establishing a store on the Internet, allows for retailers to expand their market and reach out to consumers who may not otherwise visit the physical store. The convenience of online shopping is the main attraction for the consumers. Unique online payment systems offer easy and safe purchasing from other individuals. Online shopping allows people with a broad range of products in different categories. It also gives a chance to compare the same product with the others and also shows the best deal.. The benefits of shopping online also come with potential risks and dangers that consumers must be aware of. This research is conducted to study the emerging trends of online shopping retails by retailers. This report includes the various factors which are taken into consideration by the consumers for purchasing through a retail store or for online shopping. Report also takes into consideration the factors which forms the basis of comparison made by the customers, mainly the women for online shopping vis-à-vis shopping through a retail store.
The effect of online shopping orientation on perceived behavioural control Aida Santos
This study seeks to investigate the effect of nine constructs of online shopping orientation on perceived behavioural control and attitude toward purchase. The results suggest that in-home shopping tendency, convenience consciousness, and impulsive purchase are the most significant constructs in forming online shopping orientation.
Keywords: online purchasing orientations, online intention, TPB
Customer’s buying behavior for online shoppingKetan Rai
It is era of Online Shopping every Age Group is using internet now these days , So i have research report on topic Customer’s buying behavior for online shopping ... it is based upon delhi based company " CITYWEB"
This document summarizes a study on factors influencing online shopping in Ahmedabad, India. The study analyzed consumer perceptions of online shopping through surveys and statistical analysis. It found that ease/attractiveness of websites, service quality of websites, and website security are the three dominant factors influencing consumer online shopping experiences. Additionally, the study found that regular buyers are most influenced by ease/attractiveness of websites and service quality, while occasional buyers value website security more than other types of consumers.
consumer attitude towards online shopping and their satisfactionRam Babu
This document provides a research project report on consumer attitudes towards online shopping and satisfaction in India. It includes an introduction to the growing field of e-commerce in India, objectives and methodology for the study, data collection and analysis, findings and conclusions. The study found that factors like information availability, perceived usefulness, ease of use, enjoyment and security/privacy influence Indian consumers' perceptions of online shopping. Online shopping is growing rapidly in India due to increasing internet access, computer users, and a large middle-class population with spending power looking for convenience.
Marketing online shopping - consumer’s perception on online shoppingRadhe Jha
This document appears to be a dissertation report on consumer perceptions of online shopping in India. It includes an introduction that provides background on the growth of online shopping in India. The introduction discusses how online activities like shopping, banking, employment searches, and travel booking are growing significantly. It also outlines key factors driving online adoption in India like increasing internet penetration, lower costs, and changing consumer attitudes. The dissertation will examine factors that influence Indian consumers' online shopping perceptions and behaviors through a survey analysis.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Customer Satisfaction in Online Shopping: a study into the reasons for motiva...IOSR Journals
This study endeavours to understand customer satisfaction in online shopping while investigating the major reasons that motivated customers’ decision-making processes as well as inhibitions of online shopping. The Kotler and Killers (2009) Five Stage Buying Process Model was chosen as the basis of framework of this study to explain customer satisfaction through their motivations to buy products online. The existing literature was reviewed to discover reasons that would influence customers positively or negatively towards shopping online. Surveys were conducted by distributing questionnaires in the Wrexham area (North Wales) to gather data for this research. SPSS software package was used to present research data graphically and to test research hypothesis. From the findings, it was discovered that respondents use internet to purchase products through online because they believe it is convenience to them and the term convenient includes elements such as time saving, information availability, opening time, ease of use, websites navigation, less shopping stress, less expensive and shopping fun. In contrast, along with respondents’ mind-sets, online payment security, personal privacy and trust, unclear warranties and returns policies and lack of personal customer service are the foremost barriers of online shopping. Furthermore, the result of hypotheses established that even though online shopping is convenient to all consumers, online payment system and privacy or security anxieties have significant impact on online shopping. Finally, some recommendations have been offered for online retailers to take initiatives for making online shopping more admired and trustworthy.
The Role of E Commerce in Improving Customer Satisfactionijtsrd
The cut throat competition in E commerce has forced the companies to focus on providing customer satisfaction and gain customer loyalty. Thus, putting up long term customer relationships through customer satisfaction is one of the pivotal foundation key factors for successful marketing, including online marketing. This research work makes an attempt to examine the role of e commerce in building customer satisfaction and its importance to maintain loyalty in consumers. However, the study indicates that there is a progressive trend in increasing awareness and its utilities. By the study we can understand that global access, 24 hours availability, convenience, increase product information are some of the ways to enhance customer satisfaction as well as the drawback experienced by the respondents is the fear of payment sin security in e commerce. The paper was with objectives of knowing the awareness, loyalty and the attitude towards online marketing. H. Bhaskar Shetty | Ms. Sowmya L ""The Role of E-Commerce in Improving Customer Satisfaction"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23904.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/23904/the-role-of-e-commerce-in-improving-customer-satisfaction/h-bhaskar-shetty
Consumer perception towards online shopping ( Literature Review )Rahul Gulaganji
1) The document discusses consumer perception towards online shopping, including definitions of literature review and the need for literature review.
2) It outlines the objectives and methodology used in the study, including secondary data sources and theories related to customer perception.
3) The findings show that online shopping is increasing and affects demographics, with convenience and time savings as key motivating factors, though privacy and security remain concerns.
This white paper examines e-tailing and its impact on customers in the US market. It discusses the definition of e-tailing as the transaction and payment of goods/services over the internet. It also explores the opportunities and challenges of e-tailing, such as security concerns, infrastructure issues, and cultural barriers. Customer surveys showed that many were afraid of credit card theft or personal information abuse online. The objective is to understand the pros and cons of e-retailing and its effect on customers versus offline retailers.
This document analyzes online shopping behavior in India based on a survey conducted. Some key findings include:
- Males and females participate equally in online shopping. Most respondents are employed but students make up 27%.
- Over 50% of respondents search for product information online at least weekly.
- Discounts, wide product selection, and convenience are the top reasons for choosing online shopping.
- Respondents agree that online shopping saves time and money compared to traditional shopping.
- The most popular products purchased online are tickets, electronics, and books.
- Most respondents find online product/service information excellent or good.
- Payment methods like debit cards and net banking are preferred over cash on
The document discusses female consumer behavior toward online shopping in India. It provides background on online shopping and lists some key features. It then outlines the objectives of the research project, which are to understand female online buying behavior and examine their perceptions. The methodology section describes how primary and secondary data was collected through questionnaires. Key findings include that most respondents had 1 year of online shopping experience, preferred shopping on mobile, purchased clothes most often, and gathered prior information before purchases.
The document discusses online shopping and consumer behavior related to online purchases. It begins by defining online shopping as purchasing goods and services directly from sellers over the internet without an intermediary. It notes that online shopping allows consumers to shop from home and purchase a variety of items. However, it also discusses issues with fraudulent activities and fears among consumers. The objectives of the study are to understand consumer satisfaction levels with online purchases and the reasons for purchasing online. It will use a descriptive research methodology with a sample size of 50 respondents selected through convenient sampling to understand consumer behaviors related to online shopping.
Acceptance of Online Shopping in Bangladesh: Consumer’s Perspectiveiosrjce
The document discusses a study that explores consumer acceptance of online shopping in Bangladesh. It finds that while online shopping is becoming more popular in Bangladesh, there are still some inhibitions to widespread acceptance. The majority of respondents to a survey reported frequently visiting online shops, and agreed that online shopping can save time compared to traditional shopping. However, some respondents still viewed online payment systems as risky, delivery times as too long, and delivery costs as too high. The document recommends that online retailers address issues like payment security, delivery speed and costs in order to further improve consumer acceptance of online shopping in Bangladesh.
This document summarizes research on online shopping conducted by a group of students. The objectives were to determine the most appropriate concept, price range, promotion media, product usage among targets, and estimated market size. PayPal was analyzed as a payment option allowing secure online payments without credit card exposure. The target markets identified were reluctant shoppers needing security, frequent shoppers wanting ease of use, and online merchants. A survey methodology was used with a non-probability sample to analyze shopping habits and payment concerns. Results were analyzed and recommendations made. The estimated Egyptian online shopping market size was 5 million people with purchasing power out of the country's 25 million internet users.
This document summarizes a research study on consumer buying behavior towards online shopping in Dindigul district, India. It begins with an abstract stating the study explores consumer buying patterns and examines factors like service quality, expectations, and preferences regarding online shopping. The methodology section outlines a descriptive research design using purposive sampling of 1000 respondents. Statistical analysis methods like percentage analysis and chi-square tests will be used to analyze the data and test hypotheses regarding characteristics influencing online shopping awareness and motivations. The study aims to better understand consumer preferences for online shopping versus traditional stores and emerging trends in the industry.
An assessment of the factors affecting the consumer satisfaction on online pu...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on factors affecting consumer satisfaction with online purchases in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study involved surveying 75 consumers in Dhaka on their online shopping behaviors and perceptions. Key findings from the survey include: most respondents were male, aged 21, and educated to the graduate level; over half had been using the internet for over 3 years; the most popular sites for online purchases were Priyoshop, Bikroy, and Akhoni; and factors like price, product quality, and website usability were found to influence consumer satisfaction levels. The document discusses the methodology and limitations of the study, and presents results of the survey in tables and graphs.
STUDY ON ONLINE SHOPPING BEHAVIOUR IN THE DIGITAL ERA, NEW TRENDS AND CUSTOME...areeba naseem
The document is a study report submitted by Areeba Naseem on online shopping behavior in India. It explores the growing trend of online shopping in India and highlights key findings from a survey. The survey found that over half of respondents prefer online shopping, with apparel and electronics being the most popular purchase categories. Cash on delivery was the preferred payment method. Respondents indicated a willingness to wait over 5 days for delivery and additional days to qualify for free shipping. Trust in online shopping has remained steady or increased for most. When items are out of stock online, most will check other websites rather than going to physical stores.
The growing use of Internet in India provides varied opportunities for online shopping from both customer and seller perspective. If Electronic marketers (E-Marketers) know the factors affecting online Indian behavior, the relationships between these factors and the type of online buyers, they can further develop their marketing strategies to convert potential buyers into active buyerswhile retainingits original customer base. This study focuses on the factors which online buyers takes into consideration while shopping online. This research will help in finding the impact of e-market on customers’ purchasing patterns and how their security and privacy concerns about online marketinginfluences their online buying behavior. The study will further encompass the various important inputs which will equip the marketers for creating online marketing more lucrative and assured by adding value to the existing services.
(9) a study on consumer buying behaviour ppt ah authorsHariharanAmutha1
This document summarizes a study on consumer buying behavior towards online shopping in Dindigul district, India. It includes the following key points:
- The study explores consumer motivations and preferences for online shopping using a sample of 1,000 respondents.
- Hypotheses test factors like awareness, gender, age, education that influence online shopping behavior and motivations such as price, quality, discounts.
- The methodology involves primary survey data collected through interviews and secondary data from previous studies, articles and the internet.
- Preliminary findings from the percentage analysis show respondents' gender, age, products purchased online and factors influencing purchases.
A study on factors influencing consumer’s online shoppingAshok kumar T
This study examines factors that influence consumers' online shopping behavior in Coimbatore City, India. The researchers conducted a survey of 300 online shoppers. They found that website design, security, reliability, and customer service were the main factors affecting shopping behavior. Website security and reliable delivery were especially important to consumers. The study also found that these four factors had a significant impact on consumers' purchase decisions. Overall, the analysis showed that addressing these factors is important for online retailers to attract and satisfy customers.
INTERNET SHOPPING AND ITS IMPACT ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOURPrathamesh Gawane
The document discusses understanding consumers' online shopping and purchasing behaviors. It aims to study how factors like price, time, and demography influence consumers' buying decisions online. The objectives are to study awareness, acceptance, and issues around online shopping and their impact on purchase decisions. While online shopping is growing rapidly, many consumers remain hesitant due to security concerns, lack of seeing products physically, and authenticity questions. Younger consumers aged 18-30 tend to shop online most.
Comprehensive Approach towards M Shopper’s Shopping Behaviour using Shopping ...ijtsrd
In current digital era, the mode of retail business is undergoing rapid change. Retailers are shifting their businesses from brick and mortar to e commerce especially m commerce i.e., business transactions via mobile phones because smartphones are turning to be one of the smart commercial channel. At the same time we see the lifestyle of people also has changed. People depend more on smartphones in their daily life, thanks to the internet. People are also choosing to shop over the mobile phones for convenience purpose. In order to grab this opportunity the e retailers are trying to adapt themselves to m commerce via mobile applications. The success of the m commerce companies depend upon the customer’s willingness to accept the usage of technology smart phone and applications . In this paper the attempt has been made to find the perception regarding the acceptance of technology by m shoppers and to assess the factors that influences the acceptance of usage of apps for m shopping using TAM model. For this study Questionnaire was designed to find the factors influencing m shopping using apps. The questionnaire includes the variable such as Perceived usefulness, behavioural intention, Perceived ease of use, attitude, Perceived Risk, Perceived Enjoyment from TAM model. Likert scale was used to measure the variables. 102 responses from the shoppers who shop using shopping applications are used for this study. The findings of this study supports the hypothesis framed. High negative correlation is observed between perceived risk and perceived ease of use. Attitude and shopping intention has high positive correlation. From the variables under study with score ranging from 5 to 25, perceived ease of use has highest mean and perceived risk has the minimum mean. Finally, the study also finds that low internet connectivity, low quality of product, low clarity about authentication of product, return policies are the problems faced by shoppers while shopping using mobile apps. Rashmi | Dr. Shrinivasamayya D | Dr. Ajoy S Joseph "Comprehensive Approach towards M Shopper’s Shopping Behaviour using Shopping Apps – TAM Model Analysis" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38101.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/consumer-behaviour/38101/comprehensive-approach-towards-m-shopper’s-shopping-behaviour-using-shopping-apps-– -tam-model-analysis/rashmi
A Literature Review On Purchase Intention Factors In E-CommerceKarla Adamson
This document summarizes a literature review on factors that influence purchase intention in e-commerce. It discusses how the growth of e-commerce has been accompanied by an increase in available information for users. Purchase intention is identified as an indicator of actual buying behavior that can help e-commerce providers. The review analyzes 203 research papers published between 2010-2016 from databases like Science Direct and Emerald Journals. Dominant theories and factors influencing purchase intention are identified to provide guidance for improving customers' purchase decisions.
THE ROLE OF SATISFACTION MEDIATES THE EFFECT OF PERCEIVED USEFULNESS AND PERC...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT:The ShopeePay e-wallet has become a phenomenon in e-payment due to the increasing number
of users making transactions nowadays. This study aims to determine the effect of perceived usefulness and
convenience on the intention to reuse through satisfaction of ShopeePay e-wallet users and to determine whether
satisfaction mediates perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use on the intention to reuse ShopeePay ewallet users in Denpasar City. The population in this study are people in Denpasar City who have accounts and
have used the ShopeePay e-wallet to make transactions at least once in the last six months. The sampling
technique used was purposive sampling technique and a sample of 105 respondents was obtained. Data
collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires. The data analysis technique used is SEM-PLS. The
results of the analysis provide evidence that perceived usefulness has a positive and significant effect on the
intention to reuse the ShopeePay e-wallet. Perceived ease of use has a positive and insignificant effect on the
intention to reuse the ShopeePay e-wallet. Perceived usefulness has a positive and significant effect on
ShopeePay e-wallet satisfaction. Perceived ease of use has a positive and significant effect on ShopeePay ewallet satisfaction. Satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on the intention to reuse the ShopeePay ewallet service. Satisfaction mediates positively and significantly the influence of perceived usefulness on the
intention to reuse the ShopeePay e-wallet service. Satisfaction mediates positively and significantly the effect of
perceived ease of use on the intention to reuse ShoppePay e-wallet services. The results of this study are able to
enrich the development of marketing management science, especially regarding the influence of perceived
usefulness and perceived ease of use on intention to reuse which is mediated by satisfaction. In order to increase
the intention to reuse ShoppePay, it is recommended for company management to improve usability, ease of
use, and satisfaction, such as; improving service features, providing virtual assistants, and increasing satisfaction
so that users do not switch to other e-wallets.
Article 8 A STUDY ON THE CONSUMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS ONLINE SHOPPING IN THE D...Dr UMA K
Dr. UMA.K
Assistant Professor in Commerce
7. UMA. K (2020) “A STUDY ON THE CONSUMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS ONLINE SHOPPING IN THE DIGITAL ERA – WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MYSORE CITY”, Wesleyan Journal of Research, Vol.13 No4 (VI), Page No 109-115.
article 8 Wesleyan Journal of Research - A STUDY ON THE.pdfEducational
Wesleyan Journal of Research , Vol.13 No4(VI)
[109]
Research Article: Commerce
A STUDY ON THE CONSUMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS ONLINE SHOPPING IN THE
DIGITAL ERA – WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MYSORE CITY
Uma K
Assistant Professor, Department of Studies in Commerce,
The Role of E Commerce in Improving Customer Satisfactionijtsrd
The cut throat competition in E commerce has forced the companies to focus on providing customer satisfaction and gain customer loyalty. Thus, putting up long term customer relationships through customer satisfaction is one of the pivotal foundation key factors for successful marketing, including online marketing. This research work makes an attempt to examine the role of e commerce in building customer satisfaction and its importance to maintain loyalty in consumers. However, the study indicates that there is a progressive trend in increasing awareness and its utilities. By the study we can understand that global access, 24 hours availability, convenience, increase product information are some of the ways to enhance customer satisfaction as well as the drawback experienced by the respondents is the fear of payment sin security in e commerce. The paper was with objectives of knowing the awareness, loyalty and the attitude towards online marketing. H. Bhaskar Shetty | Ms. Sowmya L ""The Role of E-Commerce in Improving Customer Satisfaction"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23904.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/23904/the-role-of-e-commerce-in-improving-customer-satisfaction/h-bhaskar-shetty
Consumer perception towards online shopping ( Literature Review )Rahul Gulaganji
1) The document discusses consumer perception towards online shopping, including definitions of literature review and the need for literature review.
2) It outlines the objectives and methodology used in the study, including secondary data sources and theories related to customer perception.
3) The findings show that online shopping is increasing and affects demographics, with convenience and time savings as key motivating factors, though privacy and security remain concerns.
This white paper examines e-tailing and its impact on customers in the US market. It discusses the definition of e-tailing as the transaction and payment of goods/services over the internet. It also explores the opportunities and challenges of e-tailing, such as security concerns, infrastructure issues, and cultural barriers. Customer surveys showed that many were afraid of credit card theft or personal information abuse online. The objective is to understand the pros and cons of e-retailing and its effect on customers versus offline retailers.
This document analyzes online shopping behavior in India based on a survey conducted. Some key findings include:
- Males and females participate equally in online shopping. Most respondents are employed but students make up 27%.
- Over 50% of respondents search for product information online at least weekly.
- Discounts, wide product selection, and convenience are the top reasons for choosing online shopping.
- Respondents agree that online shopping saves time and money compared to traditional shopping.
- The most popular products purchased online are tickets, electronics, and books.
- Most respondents find online product/service information excellent or good.
- Payment methods like debit cards and net banking are preferred over cash on
The document discusses female consumer behavior toward online shopping in India. It provides background on online shopping and lists some key features. It then outlines the objectives of the research project, which are to understand female online buying behavior and examine their perceptions. The methodology section describes how primary and secondary data was collected through questionnaires. Key findings include that most respondents had 1 year of online shopping experience, preferred shopping on mobile, purchased clothes most often, and gathered prior information before purchases.
The document discusses online shopping and consumer behavior related to online purchases. It begins by defining online shopping as purchasing goods and services directly from sellers over the internet without an intermediary. It notes that online shopping allows consumers to shop from home and purchase a variety of items. However, it also discusses issues with fraudulent activities and fears among consumers. The objectives of the study are to understand consumer satisfaction levels with online purchases and the reasons for purchasing online. It will use a descriptive research methodology with a sample size of 50 respondents selected through convenient sampling to understand consumer behaviors related to online shopping.
Acceptance of Online Shopping in Bangladesh: Consumer’s Perspectiveiosrjce
The document discusses a study that explores consumer acceptance of online shopping in Bangladesh. It finds that while online shopping is becoming more popular in Bangladesh, there are still some inhibitions to widespread acceptance. The majority of respondents to a survey reported frequently visiting online shops, and agreed that online shopping can save time compared to traditional shopping. However, some respondents still viewed online payment systems as risky, delivery times as too long, and delivery costs as too high. The document recommends that online retailers address issues like payment security, delivery speed and costs in order to further improve consumer acceptance of online shopping in Bangladesh.
This document summarizes research on online shopping conducted by a group of students. The objectives were to determine the most appropriate concept, price range, promotion media, product usage among targets, and estimated market size. PayPal was analyzed as a payment option allowing secure online payments without credit card exposure. The target markets identified were reluctant shoppers needing security, frequent shoppers wanting ease of use, and online merchants. A survey methodology was used with a non-probability sample to analyze shopping habits and payment concerns. Results were analyzed and recommendations made. The estimated Egyptian online shopping market size was 5 million people with purchasing power out of the country's 25 million internet users.
This document summarizes a research study on consumer buying behavior towards online shopping in Dindigul district, India. It begins with an abstract stating the study explores consumer buying patterns and examines factors like service quality, expectations, and preferences regarding online shopping. The methodology section outlines a descriptive research design using purposive sampling of 1000 respondents. Statistical analysis methods like percentage analysis and chi-square tests will be used to analyze the data and test hypotheses regarding characteristics influencing online shopping awareness and motivations. The study aims to better understand consumer preferences for online shopping versus traditional stores and emerging trends in the industry.
An assessment of the factors affecting the consumer satisfaction on online pu...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on factors affecting consumer satisfaction with online purchases in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study involved surveying 75 consumers in Dhaka on their online shopping behaviors and perceptions. Key findings from the survey include: most respondents were male, aged 21, and educated to the graduate level; over half had been using the internet for over 3 years; the most popular sites for online purchases were Priyoshop, Bikroy, and Akhoni; and factors like price, product quality, and website usability were found to influence consumer satisfaction levels. The document discusses the methodology and limitations of the study, and presents results of the survey in tables and graphs.
STUDY ON ONLINE SHOPPING BEHAVIOUR IN THE DIGITAL ERA, NEW TRENDS AND CUSTOME...areeba naseem
The document is a study report submitted by Areeba Naseem on online shopping behavior in India. It explores the growing trend of online shopping in India and highlights key findings from a survey. The survey found that over half of respondents prefer online shopping, with apparel and electronics being the most popular purchase categories. Cash on delivery was the preferred payment method. Respondents indicated a willingness to wait over 5 days for delivery and additional days to qualify for free shipping. Trust in online shopping has remained steady or increased for most. When items are out of stock online, most will check other websites rather than going to physical stores.
The growing use of Internet in India provides varied opportunities for online shopping from both customer and seller perspective. If Electronic marketers (E-Marketers) know the factors affecting online Indian behavior, the relationships between these factors and the type of online buyers, they can further develop their marketing strategies to convert potential buyers into active buyerswhile retainingits original customer base. This study focuses on the factors which online buyers takes into consideration while shopping online. This research will help in finding the impact of e-market on customers’ purchasing patterns and how their security and privacy concerns about online marketinginfluences their online buying behavior. The study will further encompass the various important inputs which will equip the marketers for creating online marketing more lucrative and assured by adding value to the existing services.
(9) a study on consumer buying behaviour ppt ah authorsHariharanAmutha1
This document summarizes a study on consumer buying behavior towards online shopping in Dindigul district, India. It includes the following key points:
- The study explores consumer motivations and preferences for online shopping using a sample of 1,000 respondents.
- Hypotheses test factors like awareness, gender, age, education that influence online shopping behavior and motivations such as price, quality, discounts.
- The methodology involves primary survey data collected through interviews and secondary data from previous studies, articles and the internet.
- Preliminary findings from the percentage analysis show respondents' gender, age, products purchased online and factors influencing purchases.
A study on factors influencing consumer’s online shoppingAshok kumar T
This study examines factors that influence consumers' online shopping behavior in Coimbatore City, India. The researchers conducted a survey of 300 online shoppers. They found that website design, security, reliability, and customer service were the main factors affecting shopping behavior. Website security and reliable delivery were especially important to consumers. The study also found that these four factors had a significant impact on consumers' purchase decisions. Overall, the analysis showed that addressing these factors is important for online retailers to attract and satisfy customers.
INTERNET SHOPPING AND ITS IMPACT ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOURPrathamesh Gawane
The document discusses understanding consumers' online shopping and purchasing behaviors. It aims to study how factors like price, time, and demography influence consumers' buying decisions online. The objectives are to study awareness, acceptance, and issues around online shopping and their impact on purchase decisions. While online shopping is growing rapidly, many consumers remain hesitant due to security concerns, lack of seeing products physically, and authenticity questions. Younger consumers aged 18-30 tend to shop online most.
Comprehensive Approach towards M Shopper’s Shopping Behaviour using Shopping ...ijtsrd
In current digital era, the mode of retail business is undergoing rapid change. Retailers are shifting their businesses from brick and mortar to e commerce especially m commerce i.e., business transactions via mobile phones because smartphones are turning to be one of the smart commercial channel. At the same time we see the lifestyle of people also has changed. People depend more on smartphones in their daily life, thanks to the internet. People are also choosing to shop over the mobile phones for convenience purpose. In order to grab this opportunity the e retailers are trying to adapt themselves to m commerce via mobile applications. The success of the m commerce companies depend upon the customer’s willingness to accept the usage of technology smart phone and applications . In this paper the attempt has been made to find the perception regarding the acceptance of technology by m shoppers and to assess the factors that influences the acceptance of usage of apps for m shopping using TAM model. For this study Questionnaire was designed to find the factors influencing m shopping using apps. The questionnaire includes the variable such as Perceived usefulness, behavioural intention, Perceived ease of use, attitude, Perceived Risk, Perceived Enjoyment from TAM model. Likert scale was used to measure the variables. 102 responses from the shoppers who shop using shopping applications are used for this study. The findings of this study supports the hypothesis framed. High negative correlation is observed between perceived risk and perceived ease of use. Attitude and shopping intention has high positive correlation. From the variables under study with score ranging from 5 to 25, perceived ease of use has highest mean and perceived risk has the minimum mean. Finally, the study also finds that low internet connectivity, low quality of product, low clarity about authentication of product, return policies are the problems faced by shoppers while shopping using mobile apps. Rashmi | Dr. Shrinivasamayya D | Dr. Ajoy S Joseph "Comprehensive Approach towards M Shopper’s Shopping Behaviour using Shopping Apps – TAM Model Analysis" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38101.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/consumer-behaviour/38101/comprehensive-approach-towards-m-shopper’s-shopping-behaviour-using-shopping-apps-– -tam-model-analysis/rashmi
A Literature Review On Purchase Intention Factors In E-CommerceKarla Adamson
This document summarizes a literature review on factors that influence purchase intention in e-commerce. It discusses how the growth of e-commerce has been accompanied by an increase in available information for users. Purchase intention is identified as an indicator of actual buying behavior that can help e-commerce providers. The review analyzes 203 research papers published between 2010-2016 from databases like Science Direct and Emerald Journals. Dominant theories and factors influencing purchase intention are identified to provide guidance for improving customers' purchase decisions.
THE ROLE OF SATISFACTION MEDIATES THE EFFECT OF PERCEIVED USEFULNESS AND PERC...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT:The ShopeePay e-wallet has become a phenomenon in e-payment due to the increasing number
of users making transactions nowadays. This study aims to determine the effect of perceived usefulness and
convenience on the intention to reuse through satisfaction of ShopeePay e-wallet users and to determine whether
satisfaction mediates perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use on the intention to reuse ShopeePay ewallet users in Denpasar City. The population in this study are people in Denpasar City who have accounts and
have used the ShopeePay e-wallet to make transactions at least once in the last six months. The sampling
technique used was purposive sampling technique and a sample of 105 respondents was obtained. Data
collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires. The data analysis technique used is SEM-PLS. The
results of the analysis provide evidence that perceived usefulness has a positive and significant effect on the
intention to reuse the ShopeePay e-wallet. Perceived ease of use has a positive and insignificant effect on the
intention to reuse the ShopeePay e-wallet. Perceived usefulness has a positive and significant effect on
ShopeePay e-wallet satisfaction. Perceived ease of use has a positive and significant effect on ShopeePay ewallet satisfaction. Satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on the intention to reuse the ShopeePay ewallet service. Satisfaction mediates positively and significantly the influence of perceived usefulness on the
intention to reuse the ShopeePay e-wallet service. Satisfaction mediates positively and significantly the effect of
perceived ease of use on the intention to reuse ShoppePay e-wallet services. The results of this study are able to
enrich the development of marketing management science, especially regarding the influence of perceived
usefulness and perceived ease of use on intention to reuse which is mediated by satisfaction. In order to increase
the intention to reuse ShoppePay, it is recommended for company management to improve usability, ease of
use, and satisfaction, such as; improving service features, providing virtual assistants, and increasing satisfaction
so that users do not switch to other e-wallets.
Article 8 A STUDY ON THE CONSUMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS ONLINE SHOPPING IN THE D...Dr UMA K
Dr. UMA.K
Assistant Professor in Commerce
7. UMA. K (2020) “A STUDY ON THE CONSUMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS ONLINE SHOPPING IN THE DIGITAL ERA – WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MYSORE CITY”, Wesleyan Journal of Research, Vol.13 No4 (VI), Page No 109-115.
article 8 Wesleyan Journal of Research - A STUDY ON THE.pdfEducational
Wesleyan Journal of Research , Vol.13 No4(VI)
[109]
Research Article: Commerce
A STUDY ON THE CONSUMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS ONLINE SHOPPING IN THE
DIGITAL ERA – WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MYSORE CITY
Uma K
Assistant Professor, Department of Studies in Commerce,
A STUDY ON LITERATURE REVIEW FOR IDENTIFYING THE FACTORS IMPACTING DIGITAL MA...Claire Webber
This document summarizes literature on factors impacting digital marketing. It discusses how digital marketing utilizes various digital channels like websites, social media, email marketing and mobile marketing to build brands and promote products. Several studies examined in the literature found that factors like target markets, content, social media, budget and technology impact digital marketing effectiveness from a marketer's perspective. Demographic factors like age, gender and income also influence levels of digital and social media engagement. The objective is to identify gaps in existing research on factors impacting digital marketing, particularly in the education sector.
The Impact of Social Media Marketing Activities on Consumer Purchase Intentio...ijtsrd
This document summarizes a research study that examined the impact of social media marketing activities on consumer purchase intention, specifically looking at Facebook live streaming. The study found that all social media marketing activity variables, including perceived trust, electronic word of mouth, entertainment, and interactivity, had a significant impact on purchase intention. Perceived trust was found to be the best predictor of purchase intention, followed by electronic word of mouth, entertainment, and interactivity. The findings suggest that while live streaming provides engagement through entertainment and interactivity, trust and word-of-mouth are the top influencing factors for consumer purchase intention.
This document discusses a study on the impact of social media on consumer buying behavior through online value propositions in the e-commerce sector of Bangladesh. It examines how social media influences consumers and explores how e-commerce businesses can utilize social media strategies effectively. The study found that social media is positively impacting the e-commerce sector in Bangladesh, but local companies are underutilizing opportunities for branded e-commerce development on social media. It provides implications for how the sector can advance by expressing value propositions more clearly on social media to improve consumer awareness and engagement.
A DISSERTATION REPORT ON CONSUMER’S PERCEPTION AND AWARENESS ON ONLINE SHOPPING\MARKETING IN INDIA.
Including research methodology, data analysis, findings, conclusions, and survey questionnaire.
This document summarizes a research paper on the impact of social media marketing on consumer purchase behavior, using Dialog Axiata in Sri Lanka as a case study. The research used surveys and interviews to study how social media marketing influences factors like cost, information satisfaction, trust, and experience. The findings found relationships between these factors and purchase behavior. The research provides recommendations to Dialog Axiata on using social media marketing to predict customer behavior.
STUDY ON ONLINE SHOPPING BEHAVIOUR IN THE DIGITAL ERA, NEW TRENDS AND CUSTOME...areeba naseem
This document is a study report submitted by Areeba Naseem on online shopping behavior in India. It includes an abstract, introduction on online shopping and its growth in India. Some key drivers of online shopping mentioned are increased internet usage and rising middle class. Challenges include slow buying behavior and lack of proper branding. Emerging trends discussed are non-metro cities contributing more to online demands and retailers using multi-channel strategies and social media integration. The report also includes a questionnaire used in the study to understand consumer preferences and purchases made online.
The Influence of Sales Promotion and Brand Image toward the Purchasing Decisi...YogeshIJTSRD
The aim of this research is to know the influence of sales promotion and brand image to Shopee platform toward consumer purchasing decision by students in FISIP Slamet Riyadi Surakarta. The method uses survey. This research includes as quantitative explanative research. Research population is students of FISIP Slamet Riyadi Surakarta who buy products through Shopee. Technique sampling in nonprobability uses accidental sampling with 96 respondents. Technique of collecting data is questionnaire as primer data and files, documents as seconder data. Validity data test uses moment product test and reliability data test uses cronbach alpha test. Analysis technique uses multiple regressions analysis by doing classic assumption test. The result shows that, as simultanouesly, both of free variables influence purchasing decision, while, as individually, sales promotion does not give influence to purchasing decision as 0,848. Then, brand image gives significant influence to purchasing decision as 0,004. Nurnawati Hindra Hastuti | Andri Astuti Itasari "The Influence of Sales Promotion and Brand Image toward the Purchasing Decision in Shopee Platform" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43905.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/social-science/43905/the-influence-of-sales-promotion-and-brand-image-toward-the-purchasing-decision-in-shopee-platform/nurnawati-hindra-hastuti
Effects of Online Marketing on the Behaviour of Consumers in Selected Online ...inventionjournals
The study examined the influence of efficient online marketing, effective communication, and on-time delivery on the regularity of visits and consumer patronage of the three selected online stores in Owerri, Imo State. It was guided by six research questions and six hypotheses. The sample size was 300 respondents two sets of structured questionnaire were used for data collection. Mean statistics was used to analyze the responses of the research questions, while Z-test analysis was applied to test the hypotheses for this study. A Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software was used to analyse the data. The findings of the study showed that online marketing is a viable marketing communication channel which has significant effect on the regularity of visits and consumer patronage of online stores. Based on the findings, it was recommended that companies should ascribe to market their goods and services via online shopping stores and/or develop and launch indigenous websites where customers can make purchases. For further testing of the impact of shopping websites on behaviour of electronic devices buyers, further studies should replicate the theory and methodology used in this study, with other products and websites
Effects of Online Marketing on the Behaviour of Consumers in Selected Online ...inventionjournals
The study examined the influence of efficient online marketing, effective communication, and on-time delivery on the regularity of visits and consumer patronage of the three selected online stores in Owerri, Imo State. It was guided by six research questions and six hypotheses. The sample size was 300 respondents two sets of structured questionnaire were used for data collection. Mean statistics was used to analyze the responses of the research questions, while Z-test analysis was applied to test the hypotheses for this study. A Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software was used to analyse the data. The findings of the study showed that online marketing is a viable marketing communication channel which has significant effect on the regularity of visits and consumer patronage of online stores. Based on the findings, it was recommended that companies should ascribe to market their goods and services via online shopping stores and/or develop and launch indigenous websites where customers can make purchases. For further testing of the impact of shopping websites on behaviour of electronic devices buyers, further studies should replicate the theory and methodology used in this study, with other products and websites.
3 ijaems sept-2015-4-mining consumer knowledge from shopping experience a ca...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
E_Commerce becomes far much popular in recent years. E Commerce nowadays is almost everywhere. People go through online ; meanwhile, they are more and more accustomed to buy goods via E_Commerce channel. - The E-Commerce web sites are facing lots of problems today. Customers prefer traditional way to purchase the products and not from E-Commerce web sites. If we see the history of E-Commerce, then we get that E-Commerce is the purpose of Internet and the web to conduct business Even in recession, it is thriving and has become one of the most important consumption modes. This study uses cluster analysis to identify the profiles of E_Commerce consumers. The rules between E_Commerce spokespersons and commodities from consumers are recognized by using association analysis. Depicting the marketing knowledge map of spokespersons, the best endorsement portfolio is found out to make recommendations. By the analysis of spokespersons, period, customer profiles and products, four business modes of E_Commerce are proposed for consumers: new product, knowledge, low price and luxury product; the related recommendations are also provided for the industry reference.
1) The document discusses a study on the impact of social media marketing, corporate reputation, and trust on purchase intention during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bandung, Indonesia.
2) It found that social media marketing can positively impact corporate reputation and increase consumer trust, leading to higher purchase intention.
3) Trust plays an important role in online shopping and is influenced by social media interactions, reviews, and a company's reputation, all of which can encourage consumer purchases.
Sohn&kim(2012) a study of influecing factors for purchase intentions in socia...Sohn Woong
This study examines factors that influence purchase intentions on social commerce platforms. It analyzes attributes of social commerce like economy, necessity, reliability, interaction, and sales promotions. Through a regression analysis, it finds that economy, necessity, reliability, and sales promotions significantly affect purchase intentions. The study provides insights for social commerce businesses to better understand customer needs and reasons for purchase, and to develop effective marketing strategies.
This document summarizes a study that examined the impact of artificial intelligence and digital marketing on purchase intention among millennials. The study utilized a survey of 97 millennials and structural equation modeling to analyze the data. The findings indicated that artificial intelligence and digital marketing both positively influence purchase intention. Specifically, artificial intelligence was found to directly impact purchase intention and influence digital marketing, while digital marketing also directly impacted purchase intention. The study concluded that businesses can increase consumer purchase intention by effectively leveraging artificial intelligence and digital marketing strategies.
A Study On Impact Of Digital Marketing In Customer Purchase Decision In TrichyLuz Martinez
This document summarizes a study on the impact of digital marketing on customer purchase decisions in Trichy, India. The study surveyed 50 respondents to examine their awareness of digital marketing and how digital channels influence purchasing behavior. The findings revealed that customers are aware of digital marketing and prefer to purchase electronic and shopping goods through digital channels. However, the study was limited to a particular geographical area. As the world moves towards a digital era, digital channels play a vital role in increasing sales for any company.
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
Home security is of paramount importance in today's world, where we rely more on technology, home
security is crucial. Using technology to make homes safer and easier to control from anywhere is
important. Home security is important for the occupant’s safety. In this paper, we came up with a low cost,
AI based model home security system. The system has a user-friendly interface, allowing users to start
model training and face detection with simple keyboard commands. Our goal is to introduce an innovative
home security system using facial recognition technology. Unlike traditional systems, this system trains
and saves images of friends and family members. The system scans this folder to recognize familiar faces
and provides real-time monitoring. If an unfamiliar face is detected, it promptly sends an email alert,
ensuring a proactive response to potential security threats.
Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Ac...PriyankaKilaniya
Energy efficiency has been important since the latter part of the last century. The main object of this survey is to determine the energy efficiency knowledge among consumers. Two separate districts in Bangladesh are selected to conduct the survey on households and showrooms about the energy and seller also. The survey uses the data to find some regression equations from which it is easy to predict energy efficiency knowledge. The data is analyzed and calculated based on five important criteria. The initial target was to find some factors that help predict a person's energy efficiency knowledge. From the survey, it is found that the energy efficiency awareness among the people of our country is very low. Relationships between household energy use behaviors are estimated using a unique dataset of about 40 households and 20 showrooms in Bangladesh's Chapainawabganj and Bagerhat districts. Knowledge of energy consumption and energy efficiency technology options is found to be associated with household use of energy conservation practices. Household characteristics also influence household energy use behavior. Younger household cohorts are more likely to adopt energy-efficient technologies and energy conservation practices and place primary importance on energy saving for environmental reasons. Education also influences attitudes toward energy conservation in Bangladesh. Low-education households indicate they primarily save electricity for the environment while high-education households indicate they are motivated by environmental concerns.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Tools & Techniques for Commissioning and Maintaining PV Systems W-Animations ...Transcat
Join us for this solutions-based webinar on the tools and techniques for commissioning and maintaining PV Systems. In this session, we'll review the process of building and maintaining a solar array, starting with installation and commissioning, then reviewing operations and maintenance of the system. This course will review insulation resistance testing, I-V curve testing, earth-bond continuity, ground resistance testing, performance tests, visual inspections, ground and arc fault testing procedures, and power quality analysis.
Fluke Solar Application Specialist Will White is presenting on this engaging topic:
Will has worked in the renewable energy industry since 2005, first as an installer for a small east coast solar integrator before adding sales, design, and project management to his skillset. In 2022, Will joined Fluke as a solar application specialist, where he supports their renewable energy testing equipment like IV-curve tracers, electrical meters, and thermal imaging cameras. Experienced in wind power, solar thermal, energy storage, and all scales of PV, Will has primarily focused on residential and small commercial systems. He is passionate about implementing high-quality, code-compliant installation techniques.
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdfAtif Razi
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...Prakhyath Rai
Introduction, Modeling Concepts and Class Modeling: What is Object orientation? What is OO development? OO Themes; Evidence for usefulness of OO development; OO modeling history. Modeling
as Design technique: Modeling, abstraction, The Three models. Class Modeling: Object and Class Concept, Link and associations concepts, Generalization and Inheritance, A sample class model, Navigation of class models, and UML diagrams
Building the Analysis Models: Requirement Analysis, Analysis Model Approaches, Data modeling Concepts, Object Oriented Analysis, Scenario-Based Modeling, Flow-Oriented Modeling, class Based Modeling, Creating a Behavioral Model.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELijaia
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
2. Consumer Behavior Analysis of Intention To Buy on Social Commerce In Indonesia
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 387 editor@iaeme.com
With the increasing use of social media, many companies think they can provide
opportunities to reach consumers easily. Everyone does a lot of activities on social media,
such as viewing photos, sharing content, interacting with each other through chatting, and
even buying and selling goods. At present, social media site networks are one of the trends for
interacting with each other for sellers and buyers [1]. This trend is what drives the creation of
a new paradigm in e-commerce, also called social commerce. Social commerce is defined as
part of e-commerce. Social Commerce provides social interactions, such as sharing
information, networks, and collaborating to facilitate communication between consumers [2].
However, this social commerce trend is not recognized by most people, and is it true that the
social commerce concept which is a buying and selling activity using social media technology
[3]can make consumers have the intention to buy. According to Marketing Week, 56% of
those surveyed who like and follow a product brand on social media only want to see their
products, and 35% do it only to find ideas when they want to shop for the next product [36],
but do they actually have intention to buy on the social media. Previous research related to
social commerce explained the factors of how consumer behavior for intention to move from
e-commerce to social commerce [4], while research [5] analyzed the influence of social
commerce characteristics on consumer trust. Research conducted by [6] proposes a model of
the influence of support and social relations on intentions on social commerce. There is still
little research related to consumers' intention to buy on social commerce. Do consumers only
move from e-commerce to social commerce, but there is no intention to buy. This study
examines research models from previous studies related to purchase intention, so the model
tested in this study uses models that have been tested in previous studies and have had a
positive influence on consumers' intention to buy. This research will use surveys that are
disseminated to the people of Indonesia.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1. Social Commerce
Social commerce is a concept that starts to emerge as the development of social media.
Because social commerce is a new business model, there is a lot of literature that explains
many definitions of social commerce. Whereas according to [7] social commerce is an
activity that combines business and commercial / advertising into one that utilizes social
media to support social interaction between users in helping to conduct online transactions.
[3] also suggested that social commerce is a buying and selling activity using a social media
technology platform. [8] said that the concept of social commerce is a concept of word of
mouth that is applied to e-commerce. [5] explained that social commerce is a new business
model of the development of e-commerce that is driven by social media (for example: Social
Networking Sites) that facilitates the purchase and sale of various products and services.
Based on the above definitions, it can be concluded that social commerce is a development of
e-commerce that utilizes social media as a means of communicating in making purchases and
sales. However, according to [1], it is explained that social commerce is the integration of
capabilities from social media into e-commerce that is not limited to catalog and product
based, but the evolution of e-commerce that can carry out social interactions such as
consumers can rating between consumers or other sellers, can share video content, products to
other users, can do live chat, and there are online forums. Thus it can be concluded as a whole
that social commerce is an evolution of e-commerce that can carry out social interactions in it,
and is supported by social media to support these social interactions, so that it can help users /
consumers in buying and selling various kinds of products and service.
3. Andry Hartanto, Sfenrianto Sfenrianto, Bagas DityaAnggaragita and Ivan Mulia
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 388 editor@iaeme.com
2.2. STUDY LITERATURE
In this study, the writing of a research model on the intention to buy or buy from several
literature studies sourced from national journals and international journals is the basis for
research models by combining models from several influential factors in prior research. In
this study there were specific quantities of each study shown in table I.
Literature review
Reference Significant factor
[10] Trust, Social Presence
[11] Sharing, E-WOM
[12] Customer Satisfaction, Information Quality
[13] Customer Satisfaction
[14] Customer Satisfaction
[15] Trust
[16] Social Presence
[17] Trust
[18] E-WOM
[19] Social Presence, Social Support
3. THEORETICAL ANALYSIS
3.1. Research Model
This study will use a model that is formed based on the factors that influence Purchase
Intention in previous studies that have been discussed in chapter 2. The research model is to
examine the factors of intention to buy on social commerce in Indonesia which consists of
several indicators and variables that can be seen in Table II.
Indicator variabel
Variable Variable Indicator References
Sharing(SH) SH1: Pay attention to the product / page that is shared [9]
SH2: Share product/pages
SH3: Product/pages shared
E-WOM(EW) EW1: See the number of reviews [20]
EW2: Comments / reviews can be trusted [21]
EW3: Read other people's comments
EW4: Give comments / reviews
Customer Satisfaction (CS) CS1: Product [33]
CS2: Response [22]
CS3: Design Website
Trust (TR) TR1: Trust in products and services [23]
TR2: Trust in information
TR3: Worth to be trusted
Social Presence (SP) SP1: Interaction with other users [4]
SP2: There is information from other users [10]
Social Support (SS) SS1: Informational Support [4]
SS2: Emotional Support
4. Consumer Behavior Analysis
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.
Variable
Information Quality (IQ) IQ1:
IQ2:
IQ3:
Purchase Intention (PI) P
P
PI3:
Analysis Model
The hypothesis data analysis technique used in this study was multiple linear regression. With
the aim of knowing the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent
variable, where there are two or more independent variables. In this study there were 7
independent variables and 1 dependent variable. The independent variables are sharing, E
Wom, customer satisfaction, trust, social presence, social support, and information quality,
while the dependent variable is purchase intention. With the equations of multiple linear
regression as follows:
Y = a + X1 + X2 + X3
The formula of the regression equation at (1) will be followed by a f
been found that the variable has a significant effect, then a t
variable.
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSI
4.1. Results
In this study, the questionnaire was distributed to a number of
were 161 respondents' data to be studied in accordance with the calculated numbers by the
sampling method in chapter 3. A total of 161 respondents who filled out the questionnaire had
fulfilled the requirements by accessing or
sites namely tokopedia, bukalapak and shopee. Then the questionnaire data were analyzed
using multiple linear regression analysis
Consumer Behavior Analysis of Intention To Buy on Social Commerce In Indonesia
IJMET/index.asp 389 editor@iaeme.com
Variable Indicator
IQ1: Information Relevancy
IQ2: Information Accuracy
IQ3: InformationUpdate
PI1: Intention to repurchase in the future
PI2: Recommendations to others
PI3: Repurchase from previous seller / vendor
The hypothesis data analysis technique used in this study was multiple linear regression. With
the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent
variable, where there are two or more independent variables. In this study there were 7
independent variables and 1 dependent variable. The independent variables are sharing, E
er satisfaction, trust, social presence, social support, and information quality,
while the dependent variable is purchase intention. With the equations of multiple linear
3 + X4 + X5 + X6 + X7+e .
The formula of the regression equation at (1) will be followed by a f-test, and if after it has
been found that the variable has a significant effect, then a t-test will be conducted for each
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
In this study, the questionnaire was distributed to a number of respondents online and there
were 161 respondents' data to be studied in accordance with the calculated numbers by the
sampling method in chapter 3. A total of 161 respondents who filled out the questionnaire had
fulfilled the requirements by accessing or doing purchase transactions on social commerce
sites namely tokopedia, bukalapak and shopee. Then the questionnaire data were analyzed
using multiple linear regression analysis
n Social Commerce In Indonesia
editor@iaeme.com
References
[24]
[10]
[25]
The hypothesis data analysis technique used in this study was multiple linear regression. With
the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent
variable, where there are two or more independent variables. In this study there were 7
independent variables and 1 dependent variable. The independent variables are sharing, E-
er satisfaction, trust, social presence, social support, and information quality,
while the dependent variable is purchase intention. With the equations of multiple linear
(1)
test, and if after it has
test will be conducted for each
respondents online and there
were 161 respondents' data to be studied in accordance with the calculated numbers by the
sampling method in chapter 3. A total of 161 respondents who filled out the questionnaire had
doing purchase transactions on social commerce
sites namely tokopedia, bukalapak and shopee. Then the questionnaire data were analyzed
5. Andry Hartanto, Sfenrianto Sfenrianto, Bagas DityaAnggaragita and Ivan Mulia
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 390 editor@iaeme.com
4.1.1. Validity Test
Test the validity of this study by determining the value of the coerrelation pearson coefficient
of each indicator on each question with the total score of the question. Validity test for each
variable indicator is done with spss v25. In this validity test if the value of r count > r table,
then each indicator on that variable is declared valid. R table is known in this study with
degrees of freedom (df = n-2), because the questionnaire in this study 161, r table of 159 with
a significance error of 5% (0.05), which is 0.1547. The results of R count can be seen at table
III.
validity test
Variable R Count R table Validity
Sharing
SHI 0,749
0,1547 ValidSH2 0,807
SH3 0,734
E-WOM
EW1 0,751
0,1547 ValidEW2 0,693
EW3 0,713
EW4 0,721
Customer
Satisfaction
CS1 0,740
0,1547 ValidCS2 0,845
CS3 0,769
Trust
TR1 0,847
0,1547 ValidTR2 0,868
TR3 0,847
Social Presence SP1 0,867
0,1547 ValidSP2 0,883
Social Support SS1 0,806
0,1547 ValidSS2 0,880
Information
Quality
IQ1 0,827
0,1547 ValidIQ2 0,831
IQ3 0,834
Purchase
Intention
PI1 0,835
0,1547 ValidPI2 0,883
PI3 0,754
4.1.2. ReliabilityTest
In this reliability test is to measure the level of consistency or reliability of each indicator in
each variable. Reliability test in this study uses the method of cronbach's alpha, where if the
coefficient value of cronbach's alpha > 0.60, then the instrument / indicator used to measure
the variable is reliable as can be seen in table IV.
6. Consumer Behavior Analysis of Intention To Buy on Social Commerce In Indonesia
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 391 editor@iaeme.com
Reability test
Variabel Cronbach's Alpha N of Items Minimum Value Reabilitas
Sharing 0,640 3 0,60 Reliable
E-Wom 0,668 4 0,60 Reliable
Customer Satisfaction 0,691 3 0,60 Reliable
Trust 0,811 3 0,60 Reliable
Social Presence 0,693 2 0,60 Reliable
Social Support 0,611 2 0,60 Reliable
Information Quality 0,768 3 0,60 Reliable
Purchase Intention 0,765 3 0,60 Reliable
4.1.3. Multiple Linear Regression Analysis
At this stage is the stage to analyze to find out the relationship between independent variables
with dependent variable, then multiple linear regression analysis is used. The results of
processing data using SPSS v25 software as follows:
4.1.4. Determination Coefficient (R square)
The determination coefficient (r square) is used to find out the independent variables in the
model to explain the dependent variable. The following is a table of the results of the
coefficient of determination of the variables in this study.
r square test
Model Rsquare
1 0,523
Based on the results of determinant coefficients that can be seen in table ix above, the
value of efficiency determinants (r square) is 0.523, which explains that 52.3% increase in
purchase intention on social commerce in indonesia can be explained by independent
variables of this study. While the rest, which is equal to 47.7% is influenced and explained by
other variables outside of this study.
4.1.5. Test of Hypotheses
1). Test Statistics t
The t statistical test is conducted to find out whether there is a significant or no influence on
the independent variable with the dependent variable individually, if the results of the t value
are high, the higher the influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable. As
can be seen in table VI the results of the regression analysis:
7. Andry Hartanto, Sfenrianto Sfenrianto, Bagas DityaAnggaragita and Ivan Mulia
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 392 editor@iaeme.com
T statistics test
Hypotheses Variable T table T count Sig Result
H1 Sharing -> Purchase Intention 1,65481 1,458 0,147 Rejected
H2 E-WOM -> Purchase Intention 1,65481 3,360 0,001 Accepted
H3 Customer Satisfaction -> Purchase
Intention
1,65481 3,887 0,000 Accepted
H4 Trust -> Purchase Intention 1,65481 2,537 0,012 Accepted
H5 Social Presence -> Purchase
Intention
1,65481 2,183 0,031 Accepted
H6 Social Support -> Purchase
Intention
1,65481 -1,663 0,098 Rejected
H7 Information Quality -> Purchase
Intention
1,65481 2,153 0,033 Accepted
2). Test Statistics f
At this stage is to do a statistical test Fby comparing the value of F count with the value of F
table (2.16) and the results found that the value of F count in this research is 23,911. So that it
can be concluded that there is a significant influence between the variables tested in this study
because value of F count > F table.
4.2. DISCUSSION
At this stage it is a discussion of the influence and effect of each factor. The findings in the
study show that sharing factors have no significant effect on purchase intention, these results
contradict the findings of [11] which explain that sharing factors have a significant impact on
purchase intention. [7] in his research explained that many consumers share products /
services or pages from their business. Based on the results of the following findings it can be
concluded that consumers may only share the content of the product / service pages that they
think are interested, but do not affect others to make purchase intentions.The findings of the
study indicate that there is a significant influence between e-wom on purchase intention. The
findings are in line with the research conducted by [11]which explains that e-wom (electronic
word of mouth) has a significant effect on buying intention. [37] in his study explained that e-
wom had an important impact on purchase intention, because consumers believed in e-wom
before they purchased any product. The characteristics of wom are face to face, while e-wom
is online [26], because the characteristics of e-wom are online, so e-wom is not limited [27],
so that every people can participate and access e-wom according to the needs they want
wherever they are.The findings of this study indicate that customer satisfaction factors have a
significant influence on purchase intention, this result is in line with research [12], which
explains that customer satisfaction has a significant influence on purchase intention. Then
(annabelle, 2013) also argues that customer satisfaction with the product will affect
consumers' intention to buy. Therefore, social commerce companies must be able to focus on
features to make consumers satisfied on the website, so that consumers can have the intention
and continue to make purchases.The results of the findings in this study indicate that trust
factors have a significant influence on purchase intention, this result is in line with the
research conducted by [17] and [28], which explains that trust variables have a positive and
significant effect on buying interest . If consumers believe in the marketplace where they
make transactions, these consumers will continue to make purchases in the marketplace
[29].Therefore, it can be concluded that the higher the level of consumer confidence, the
higher the consumer's intention to make a purchase.The findings of this study indicate that
social presence factors have a significant influence on purchase intention, this result is
8. Consumer Behavior Analysis of Intention To Buy on Social Commerce In Indonesia
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 393 editor@iaeme.com
supported by the findings of [30], which explains that there is a social presence influence on
purchase intention. [31] also explains if there is a social presence on the website, can
positively influence consumer intention to make a purchase. [30] explains that one of the
social presence is a web social presence, where the website can provide a platform for
interacting with sellers, allowing consumers to get the information they need in order to make
the decision to buy. Therefore, if a social commerce website can present features that make
consumers feel that there is a social presence on the site, then the higher the consumer's
intention to buy on the social commerce website.The findings of this study indicate that social
support factors have no significant effect on purchase intention. The findings [16] explain that
social support influences consumers in making purchasing decisions. [32]explain that social
support refers more to the experience of an individual who is cared for, responded to, and
assisted by other individuals in a social group. . The findings of this study indicate that
respondents feel that social commerce in indonesia (tokopedia, bukalapak, and shopee) still
has no sense of social support in it, they feel that there is still a lack of support in the social
commerce. Therefore, social commerce companies must consider this social support on their
website, so that consumers feel more cared for, responded to, and helped. So that consumers
feel helped and eventually they more often make purchases on social commerce.The findings
of this study indicate that information quality factors have a significant effect on purchase
intention. The more information provided on the social commerce website is right and
relevant, consumers will easily get the information they need about the products / services
they are interested in. Therefore, the seller must provide clear, quality, and up-to-date
information to consumers so that the consumer is interested and has the intention to make a
purchase.
5. CONCLUSION
Based on the results of discussion of research conducted in chapter IV, the authors can
conclude the results of the study thatvariable E-WOM (X2), Customer Satisfaction (X3),
Trust (X4), Social Presence (X5), and Information Quality (X7)has a significant influence on
Purchase Intention on Social Commerce. While Variable Sharing (X1) and Social Support
Variables (X6)does not have a significant effect on Purchase Intention on Social Commerce. .
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