The ideology of Pakistan is based on Islam and the two-nation theory which states that Hindus and Muslims are two distinct nations. Pakistan was created to provide a separate homeland for Muslims where they could live according to Islamic principles and establish an Islamic welfare state based on the Quran and Sunnah. The two-nation theory maintained that despite living together, Hindus and Muslims had maintained distinct religious identities, cultures, and political interests. Religion, not language or ethnicity, was the sole basis for the ideology of Pakistan and the force that united Muslims for the cause of an independent state.

1. Ideology Of Pakistan

2. Introduction
• 57th Nation state of United
Nations, Pakistan
emerged as a sovereign
state on August 14,1947.
• Ideology of Pakistan is
based on Islam and Two
nation theory

3. What is ideology
 Ideology is a French word.
 The French philosopher Tracy used the word
ideologie in French Revolution.
 An ideology is a set of aims and ideas that
directs one's goals, expectations, and actions
 The term ‘ideology’ means science of ideas.

4. What is an Ideology?
• A subjective phenomena
• Science of ideas and ideals
• A set of proposals about human nature and
society
• An interpretation of the past, explanation of the
present and a vision for the future
• Not consistent but dynamic phenomena.
• Two ideological states in the world
I:- Pakistan II:-Israel

5.  Here's what Webster's dictionary gives us for ideology:
 visionary theorizing
 a systematic body of concepts esp. about human life or
culture
 a manner or the content of thinking characteristic of an
individual, group, or culture
 the integrated claims, theories, and aims that constitute
a sociopolitical program

6. Importance of An Ideology
 Works as a lynch( hang, kill) pin among
revolutionaries
 A cementing(fortifying) force
 Provides a line of action
 A pre-requisite for establishment of a new
social system

7. Basis of Ideology of Pakistan
 Sovereignty belongs to Allah.
 Islamic state governed by teachings of Quran
& Sunnah.
 To save the distinct religious, political,
economical, cultural and social identity of
Muslims……traditions

8.  Emancipation (freedom) from Hindu
domination.
 Two-Nation theory.
 To establish an Islamic economic system.
 To establish an Islamic democracy
 Language issue
 Regional (Territorial) land

9. The only sovereign is Allah
 Islam acted as a nation building force before
the establishment of Pakistan. Ideology of
Pakistan basically means that Pakistan
should be a state where the Muslims should
have an opportunity to live according to the
faith and beliefs based on the Islamic
principles. They should have all the resources
at their disposal to enhance Islamic culture
and civilization.

10. Islam, a Nation-Building Force
 Pakistan came into being on the basis of
Islam. It was only Islam, which stimulated
Muslims and lined them up behind Muslim
League. Other factors, political and economic
ones, also played some part in uniting
Muslims to struggle for Pakistan but Islam
was the more powerful factor as it serves as a
cementing force for Muslim society and is the
primary link between Muslims the world over.

11.  Quaid-e-Azam said
 “We do not demand Pakistan simply to have a
piece of land but we want a laboratory where
we could experiment on Islamic principles.”

12.  The fundamental teachings of Islam are
universally accepted. Belief in God, finality of
prophet-hood, human rights and social justice,
management of affairs through consensus, moral
values of charitableness, tolerance and universal
brotherhood; these are sonic of the cardinal
principles enshrined by the Quran and Sunnah.
The only force which keeps Muslim nation united
is Islam which is the ideological foundation of
Pakistan.

13. Democratic System
 In an Islamic state, all the affairs are decided on
the basis of Shariat (Democracy). In other words,
all the social, economic, political and the cultural
affairs are operated on the basis of mutual
consensus and Islamic democracy. The same
system has also been referred in Surah Al-Imram,
Muhammad (P.B.U.H) used to operate all the state
affairs after discussing with his Sahabas
(companions), When this questions rose that what
would be the system of government in Pakistan, it
should, no doubt, be Islamic.

14.  Creation of Pakistan is the glorious example
of ijma-e-ummat (national consensus). At the
time of establishment of Pakistan, referendum
was held in all the Muslim majority provinces
to take their consent to the included in
Pakistan.

15. NATION-NATIONALISM
NATION has common
 culture
 language
 history
 sympathies
 civilization
 religion
 heroes
 regional loyalty
 boundaries
 territory.

16. DISPUTES ON THE BASE OF
NATIONALISM
 Violent disputes between Armenistan and
Azerbaijan.
 In Kashmir (Hindu-Muslim).
 In Indian Punjab there is Khalisa Movement.
 In Sri-Lanka “Tamil and Sinhalese”.
 Long running dispute between Arabs and Jewish.
 Kurds in Turkey, Iraq and Iran.
 In Africa, Nationalism is in the form of tribalism.
(Pakistan Case Study)

17. Definition: Nation
 A nation is a territory or country as political
entity or a grouping of people who share real
or imagined common history, culture,
language or ethnic origin, often possessing or
seeking its own government.

18. RELIGION-SOLE LOGIC FOR
IDEOLOGY OF PAKISTAN
 Foundation of Pakistan could not possibly be
laid on common race, common language and
common territory.
 In Pakistan, there were numerous ethnic
group such as Punjabi, Sindhi, Balochi,
Bengali and Pashtun.
 So, religion was a nation-building force.

19.  Quaid’s words regarding Pakistan as nation.
“ Islam has taught us this and i think you will agree
with me, for whatever else you may be and whatever
you are, you are a Muslim. You belong to a nation now;
you have carved out a territory, vast territory, it is all
yours; it does not belong to a Punjabi or a Sindhi or a
Pathan or a Bengali; it is yours”.

20. WAS QUAID IN FAVOR OF
THEOCRATIC STATE? Islam-Nationalism, Patriotism- not Secterianism.
 Pakistan- religious state not theocratic state.
 Islam creates a Polite civil Society.
 Quaid’s wordings
“Make no mistake; Pakistan is not a theocracy
or anything like it, Islam demands from us the tolerance
of other creeds and we welcome in closest association
with us all those who, of whatever creed or themselves
willing and ready to play their part as true and loyal
citizens of Pakistan”.

21. Two Nation theory
 A concept given by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
that there were two Nations in British India
• Muslims
• Non-Muslims
 Muslims of India had there own culture,
civilization, mores, stereotypes,norms
contrary to that of other Non-Muslims of
India.

22. HINDUISM AND ISLAM
 Ideological difference.
 Religious difference.
 Socially difference.
 Economically differentiation.
 Administratively difference.
 Statistically conflict.
 Extremist point of view regarding Muslims.

23.  The Two Nation Theory was the basis of the struggle
for creation of Pakistan which held that Hindus and
Muslims are two separate nations. They in spite of
living together for centuries could not forget their
individual cultures and civilization. Al-Beruni recorded
his ideas in 1001 A.D in his famous book "Kitab-ul-
Hind" as The Hindu society maintained this peculiar
character over the centuries. The two societies, Hindus
and Muslims, like two streams have sometimes
touched but never merged, each following its separate
course.

24. Hindu Nationalism
 A number of Hindu nationalist movement, which
emerged from time to time in the Indian history,
added fuel to the fire by playing up the tension
and antagonism which already existed between
the two communities. The Hindu nationalist
leaders totally ignored the great contribution made
by the Muslims in the Indian society by way of
promoting education and other social activities.
Their writings and ideas flared up the communal
discord between Hindus and Muslims to further
pollute condition.

25. Economic Differences
 After 1857, the Muslim economic was crushed
and all trade policies were framed in such a
way so as to detriment the Muslim condition.
They were thrown out of Government services
and their estates and properties were
confiscated while the Hindus were provided
with the ample opportunities to progress
economically.

26. Political Differences
 Congress Attitude
 Urdu Controversy
 Partition of Bengal
 Language issue

27. Conclusion
 The fundamental concept of the ideology of
Pakistan is that Muslims are separate nation
having their own culture, literature, religion
and way of life. They cannot be merged in any
other nation. They should be able to develop
their culture and religious traditions in an
Islamic State and they should be able to
create a true Islamic society for themselves.

28.  Thus the ideology of Pakistan which
developed through the period of Mohammad
Bin Qasim and others and followed by political
leaders like Quaid-e-Azam was materialized
in 1947.