Notes to study about the ideology of Pakistan

1. Ideology of Pakistan
Department of History
The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
mumtazahmad.khan@iub.edu.pk

2. What is ideology
 Ideology is a French word.
 Here's what Webster's
dictionarygives us for ideology:
 1 : visionary theorizing
 2 a systematic body of concepts especially
about life or culture
 3 : the integrated assertions, theories, and
aims that constitute a sociopolitical program

3. Components of ideology
 1.Common Religion
 2. Common Culture
 3. Common Causes
 4. Sincere Dedication and Pledges

4. Importance of Ideology
 It is not only a thought but it is also a
feeling which awakens humans to
progress
 To move forward & to fulfilments of
desires
 It sets the mutual duties & rights of
the humans

5. Definition: Nation
 A nation is a territory or
country as political entity or a
grouping of people who share
real or imagined common
history, culture, language or
ethnic origin, often possessing
or seeking its own
government. (Wikipedia)

6. Two Nation Theory
The phenomenon of Two-Nation theory
originated with the advent of Islam in
the Sub-Continent (712AD). Quaid-e-
Azam once said:
 “Pakistan was created the day when
the first Indian national embraced the
Islam."

7. Ideology of Pakistan
• As in the beginning of the 11th century, Al-
Biruni observed that Hindus differed from the
Muslims in all matters and habits.
• He further elaborated his argument by writing
that the Hindus considered Muslims "Mlachha",
or impure. And they forbid having any
connection with them, be it intermarriage or any
other bond of relationship.
• They even avoid sitting, eating and drinking
with them, because they feel "polluted".

8. Two Nation Theory
Mahatma Gandhi, speaking in the second session of the
Round table conference in London in 1931, said :
“quarrel between Hindus and
Muslims was ‘core view with
the British advent’ in India.
It would be difficult to
maintain such a position
historically because the
conflict between Hindus and
Muslims had started long
before the emergence of the
British power in India.”

9. Two Nation Theory
. In an interview, the founder of Pakistan
Muhammad Ali Jinnah said in 1944
“You must remember that Islam is not merely
a religious doctrine(policy) but a realistic
and practical code of conduct. I am
thinking in terms of everything important
in life. I am thinking in terms of our
history, our heroes, our art, our
architecture, our laws, our jurisprudence”.

10. Factors Creating the Idea of
Separate Homeland
Religious Differences
Hindu Nationalism
Cultural Differences
 Social Differences
Economic Differences
Educational Differences
Political Differences

11. Religious Differences.
Muslims:
The religion of Muslims is Islam
.Islam preaches Tawheed (oneness of
Allah) , namaz , roza(keeping fast) ,
zakat, hajj, and believes in equality of
man before law. Muslims are the
believers of God, The Holy Prophet
(P.B.U.H) the Holy Book Quran and
hold a cohesive(organized) approach
towards life.

12. Religious Differences.
Hindus:
Hindus believe in
Hinduism. Hinduism is based on
the concept of multiple Gods.
Their society follows a caste
system and is divided into four
classes and have a very narrow
approach towards life.

13. Cultural Differences
 Muslim followed the Islamic culture
while Hindus inherited a self build
culture. The Hindus burnt their dead
bodies while Muslims buried them.
Hindus considered the 'Mother cow' as
a sacred(holy) animal and worshiped it
while Muslims slaughtered it.

14. Social Differences
The two communities of the Sub
Continent differ in their social
life as well. The clothes, the
foods, the household utensils, the
layout of homes, the words of
salutation(salam) etc…

15. Hindi Urdu Controversy
(disagreemment)
In 1867,Hindus demanded
that Urdu should be written
in Hindi Script instead of
Persian script. This created
another gap between Hindus
and Muslims.

16. What do you think??

17. Quaid-e-
Azam
Allama
Iqbal
Sir Syed
Ahmad Khan
Molana
Ashraf
Ali
Thanvi
Pakistan

18. Molana Ashraf Ali Thanvi &
Ideology of Pakistan
 First Muslim leader who presented the
idea of ‘Two Nation Theory’ in 1928.
 Wrote more than 1300 books.
 He was the murshid of Shabbir Ahmad
Usmani and Mufti Muhammad Shafi who
supported Pakistan movement
 His two students— Maulana Shabbir
Ahmed Usmani and Maulana Zafar
Ahmed Usmani — were given the honour
of unfurling(‫)لہرانہ‬ the national flag in
Karachi and Dacca
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19. Sir Syed & Ideology of
Pakistan
 Sir Syed Ahmed Khan first used the word ‘Two
Nations’ for Hindus and Muslims.
 After Hindi-Urdu controversy Sir Syed felt
that it was not possible for Hindus and
Muslims to progress as a single nation.
 He said:
" I am convinced(sure) now that Hindus and
Muslims could never become one nation as
their religion and way of life was quite
distinct(different) from each other."

20. Quaid e Azam and Ideology of Pakistan
On March 22, 1940 in his presidential address to the All-
India Muslim League Lahore session, the founder of
Pakistan M A Jinnah made it plain() that
“The Hindus and the Muslims belong to two different
religious philosophies, social customs, and literature.
They neither intermarry, nor inter-dine together, and
indeed they belong to two different civilizations
which are based mainly on conflicting ideas and
conceptions.
He further said ,Musalmans are a nation according to
any definition of a nation, and they must have their
homeland, their territory(country) and their State “

21. uaid-e-Azam & Ideology of Pakistan
ion of Islamic democracy (‫جمہوریت‬)
August 14, 1947 at a press conference:
eality we had learnt democracy 1300 years ago. So when you
bout democracy, I doubt that you have not studied Islam”

22. uaid-i-Azam & Ideology of Pakistan
n of Racism & prejudices
March 21, 1948 he said,
do not talk in term of Bengali, Sindhi,
hi or Pathan rather you remember the
of 1300 years ago that we are not Sindhi,
hi or Pathan but we are Muslims and only
ms”

23. aid-i-Azam & Ideology of Pakistan
ISM“except Islam
4, while addressing the students, Quaid said,
our guide and a complete code of life. We neither need any red or
g nor we need any socialism, communism, Nationalism or any
g the Islamic Education
o the students of Islamia College of Peshawar on January 13, 1948, said,
nded Pakistan not for a piece of land but we wanted such a
where Islamic principles could be tested”

24. ma Iqbal & Ideology of Pakistan
lama Iqbal never used the word Pakistan
his speeches but in all his speeches he
manded separate homeland for the
uslims of the subcontinent.
s sayings are considered as the ideology
Pakistan

25. a Iqbal & Ideology of Pakistan
omplete code of life
eting of Muslim league on December 29, 1930 at Allahabad, he said:
is not the name some beliefs and customs but it is a
e code of life. In, Europe, religion is very one’s
l matter which divides the human oneness into two
e parts i.e. body and soul. In contrast to that in
God, Universe, Soul, Matter, State and Religious
are bound to each other or in other words Muslims
nation.”

26. ma Iqbal & Ideology of Pakistan
m is the way to success
The lesson which I learnt from
story is that Islam always helped
e Muslims at the time of difficulty
t Muslims did not save Islam. Even
day, Ideology of Islam can save you
om destruction by uniting your
vided powers”

27. Iqbal & Ideology of Pakistan

28. akistan & importance of two nation theory
n appeared on the world map in
1947, and became the first
ideological state of the modern
Unlike the non-ideological states,
not established due to any
hical conflict or territorial
tion by a group of people.

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