Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used to treat pain, fever, and inflammation. It works by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase enzymes. Common uses include headaches, toothaches, back pain, arthritis, and minor injuries. Ibuprofen has a low risk of adverse effects compared to other NSAIDs, but can cause nausea, dyspepsia, gastrointestinal bleeding, and hypertension. It interacts with drugs like ACE inhibitors, aspirin, diuretics, and warfarin. Ibuprofen is contraindicated for those with asthma, hypertension, heart conditions, ulcers, liver or kidney disease, or who are pregnant
A PowerPoint presentation on "NSAIDS" suitable for reading by UG and PG Medical/Paramedical students of Pharmacology and Pharmacy sciences. This Ppt. is prepared for academic purpose only and already presented to my students in one of the theory classes of mine.
A PowerPoint presentation on "NSAIDS" suitable for reading by UG and PG Medical/Paramedical students of Pharmacology and Pharmacy sciences. This Ppt. is prepared for academic purpose only and already presented to my students in one of the theory classes of mine.
Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates, as well as the synthetic analogues of these hormones
COX-2 inhibitors are a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that directly targets cyclooxygenase-2, COX-2, an enzyme responsible for inflammation and pain. Targeting selectivity for COX-2 reduces the risk of peptic ulceration and is the main feature of celecoxib, rofecoxib, and other members of this drug class.Coxibs are NSAIDs that are highly selective for the COX2 enzyme. Because the COX2 enzyme mediates prostaglandin production responsible for inflammation and pain, coxibs are analgesic and antiinflammatory, but they lack the side effects related to inhibiting the COX1 enzyme (e.g., bleeding and gastrointestinal irritation).
Running head IBUPROFEN 1 Ibuprofen Ima Stud.docxcowinhelen
Running head: IBUPROFEN 1
Ibuprofen
Ima Student
PSY630 Psychopharmacology
Professor Smith
8/25/20XX
Note to student: This is a worked example paper for the “Rapid Review” assignments in Weeks
Three, Four, and Five of PSY630: Psychopharmacology. Your paper does not need to (and
probably should not) look just like this example paper. Depending on the drug you chose, your
paper may be more complicated, involve more subsections, and cover different topics with more
or less depth. This example paper is meant to give you a general idea of what to include and
what depth of detail to use. Ask your instructor if you have any concerns.
IBUPROFEN 2
Ibuprofen
General Description
Ibuprofen belongs to the larger class of drugs referred to as the non-steroidal anti-
inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and also includes naproxen, aspirin, indomethacin and celecoxib,
among others. Ibuprofen was chosen as a paper topic because of its’ widespread over-the-
counter (OTC) use. Ibuprofen has, as the name NSAID suggests, anti-inflammatory effects
making it useful in a wide variety of disorders where the inflammatory response needs to be
suppressed. Relatedly, it is also an analgesic, partly due to its’ anti-inflammatory effect which is
central to many disorders and injuries which cause pain, but also to a separate secondary
mechanism which is poorly understood. It is also an anti-pyretic and useful for treating fever.
Steroids also reduce inflammation; however they have a large number of broad side effects
including immune-suppression which make NSAIDS like ibuprofen a better choice for many
conditions. Ibuprofen and many other NSAIDs are also superior to aspirin in people allergic to
aspirin and other salicylates (Atchinson, Herndon, & Rusie, 2013; Roda, Bagán, Soriano, &
Romero, 2007).
Specific indications include: general relief of mild to moderate pain, menstrual pain, fever,
rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, headache, migraine, dental pain. It sees use across a wide
variety of medical conditions and procedures.
Mechanism of Action
Ibuprofen and the other NSAIDs reduce the production of prostaglandins. These
substances are produced by injured tissues or tissues inflamed by some type of immune response.
Specifically, ibuprofen inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX). However, COX has more
IBUPROFEN 3
than one form and is directly or indirectly involved in the activity of other biological processes
producing a variety of side effects (Roda et al., 2007).
Dosage, Administration, Absorption, and Metabolism
Ibuprofen is administered by mouth, although rectal suppositories are available for those
unable to swallow. The dose for an adult is 200-400mg three times daily for OTC use. Under
medical supervision doses up to 800mg four times a day may be given. It is typically taken with
food to avoid stomach upset. After being taken ibuprofen enters the blood ...
Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates, as well as the synthetic analogues of these hormones
COX-2 inhibitors are a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that directly targets cyclooxygenase-2, COX-2, an enzyme responsible for inflammation and pain. Targeting selectivity for COX-2 reduces the risk of peptic ulceration and is the main feature of celecoxib, rofecoxib, and other members of this drug class.Coxibs are NSAIDs that are highly selective for the COX2 enzyme. Because the COX2 enzyme mediates prostaglandin production responsible for inflammation and pain, coxibs are analgesic and antiinflammatory, but they lack the side effects related to inhibiting the COX1 enzyme (e.g., bleeding and gastrointestinal irritation).
Running head IBUPROFEN 1 Ibuprofen Ima Stud.docxcowinhelen
Running head: IBUPROFEN 1
Ibuprofen
Ima Student
PSY630 Psychopharmacology
Professor Smith
8/25/20XX
Note to student: This is a worked example paper for the “Rapid Review” assignments in Weeks
Three, Four, and Five of PSY630: Psychopharmacology. Your paper does not need to (and
probably should not) look just like this example paper. Depending on the drug you chose, your
paper may be more complicated, involve more subsections, and cover different topics with more
or less depth. This example paper is meant to give you a general idea of what to include and
what depth of detail to use. Ask your instructor if you have any concerns.
IBUPROFEN 2
Ibuprofen
General Description
Ibuprofen belongs to the larger class of drugs referred to as the non-steroidal anti-
inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and also includes naproxen, aspirin, indomethacin and celecoxib,
among others. Ibuprofen was chosen as a paper topic because of its’ widespread over-the-
counter (OTC) use. Ibuprofen has, as the name NSAID suggests, anti-inflammatory effects
making it useful in a wide variety of disorders where the inflammatory response needs to be
suppressed. Relatedly, it is also an analgesic, partly due to its’ anti-inflammatory effect which is
central to many disorders and injuries which cause pain, but also to a separate secondary
mechanism which is poorly understood. It is also an anti-pyretic and useful for treating fever.
Steroids also reduce inflammation; however they have a large number of broad side effects
including immune-suppression which make NSAIDS like ibuprofen a better choice for many
conditions. Ibuprofen and many other NSAIDs are also superior to aspirin in people allergic to
aspirin and other salicylates (Atchinson, Herndon, & Rusie, 2013; Roda, Bagán, Soriano, &
Romero, 2007).
Specific indications include: general relief of mild to moderate pain, menstrual pain, fever,
rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, headache, migraine, dental pain. It sees use across a wide
variety of medical conditions and procedures.
Mechanism of Action
Ibuprofen and the other NSAIDs reduce the production of prostaglandins. These
substances are produced by injured tissues or tissues inflamed by some type of immune response.
Specifically, ibuprofen inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX). However, COX has more
IBUPROFEN 3
than one form and is directly or indirectly involved in the activity of other biological processes
producing a variety of side effects (Roda et al., 2007).
Dosage, Administration, Absorption, and Metabolism
Ibuprofen is administered by mouth, although rectal suppositories are available for those
unable to swallow. The dose for an adult is 200-400mg three times daily for OTC use. Under
medical supervision doses up to 800mg four times a day may be given. It is typically taken with
food to avoid stomach upset. After being taken ibuprofen enters the blood ...
New Drugs For Multiple Sclerosis approved by The US FDA in 10 Years.DrAshok Batham
There is no specific curative drug available for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.
Fortunately, a large number of disease modifying drugs have been developed.
New drug development for the treatment of multiple sclerosis is a hot-area, a large number of disease modifying drugs have been developed in the last 2 decades.
Nearly 70 different drugs are now available to deal with this debilitating and disabling disease.
The list presented here includes 10 disease modifying drugs approved by the US FDA in the last 10 years, from January 2010 to October 2019.
In addition to these, a drug, Ampyra (Dalfampridine) 10 mg tablet has been approved by the US FDA in January 2010 for improvement of walking capacity in multiple sclerosis.
Nutrition Packs a Punch in Regenerative MedicineDr. E. Magaziner
Regenerative treatments are gaining popularity because they repair an injury rather than just control pain with steroids or anti-inflammatory drugs. But why repair an injury without addressing the cellular level issues?
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
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For more detailed information on delivering micro-credentials in TVET, visit this https://tvettrainer.com/delivering-micro-credentials-in-tvet/
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Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
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Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
2. OutLines:
✓ Definition
✓ Uses
✓ Mechanism of action
✓ Dosage
✓ Adverse effects
✓ Drug interaction
✓ Contraindication
✓ History
✓ uses in dentistry
✓ References
3. What is IBuprofen ?!
✓
a Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID)
used as analgesic to reduce
fever and treat pain or
inflammation. Ibuprofen is
a 'core' medicine in the
WHO Model List of Essential
Medicines necessary in the
minimum medical needs of a
basic healthcare system.
✓ Originally marketed as Brufen, and its
available under a variety of popular trademarks
such as Motrin and Advil.
✓
it has Anti-Platlet effect and act as
Vasoconstrictor.
5. Mechanism
• Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
such as ibuprofen work by inhebiting
theCyclooxygenase (COX), which
converts archidonic Acid to
prostaglandin (PGH2).
•
PGH2, in turn, is converted by other
enzymes to several other
prostaglandins (which are mediators of
pain, inflammation, and fever) and to
thromboxane A2 (which stimulates
platelet aggregation, leading to the
formation of blood clots)
7. Doses:
• Usual Adult Oral Dose for Mild to
Moderate Pain:
200 to 400 mg orally every 4 to 6
hours as needed.
•
Under Medical description the maximum amount
for adults is 800 mg per dose or 3200 mg per
day based on an individual's response and
tolerance
•
“over-the-counter” (OTC) preparations of
ibuprofen are, in general, labeled to advise a
maximum daily dose of 1,200 mg
8. ibuprofen Side Effects:
• Ibuprofen appears to have
the lowest incidence of
digestive Adverse effect
reaction of all the
nonselective NSAIDs
• Nausea , Dyspepsia
gastrointestinal ulceration
, bleeding, Diarrhea,
constipation and
Hypertension
9. Ibuprofen Drug interaction:
• ACE-inhibitors
NSAIDs may diminish the antihypertensive effect of ACE
inhibitors.
• Aspirin
administration of ibuprofen and aspirin is not
generally recommended because of the potential for
increased adverse effects.
• Diuretics
Ibuprofen can reduce the natriuretic effect-of
furosemide and thiazides in some patients. the
patient should be observed closely for signs of renal
failure as well as to assure diuretic efficacy.
• Warfarin-type anticoagulants
users of both drugs together have a risk of serious
bleeding higher than users of either drug alone.
•
10. Contraindication:
•
Ibuprofen tablets are contraindicated in
patients with known hypersensitivity to
Ibuprofen.
•
Asthma
•
Hypertensive patients.
•
Heart Attack
•
Stomach or Intestinal Ulcer
•
Liver Problems and Blood Clotting Disorder
•
Bleeding of the Stomach or Intestines
•
Kidney Disease
•
Pregnant in 3rd trimester
11. History:
✓
The invention of Ibuprofen arose out of a
Boots study to treat rheumatoid arthritis
before evolving into a drug to relieve a range
of conditions.
✓
Dr Stewart Adams was the project leader on
the team which made the amazing
discovery.He was subsequently awarded an
OBE in 1987
✓
Ibuprofen was launched on to the market in
1969, with an over-the-counter version
available from 1983.
12. IBuprofen in Dentistry:
•
Analgesic medications in dentistry are indicated for the relief of acute
pain, postoperative pain, and chronic pain.
•
Endodontic pain management Pain control particularly during the early
phases of endodontic treatment.
•
Wisdom tooth extraction Managing post operative pain.
•
Pediatric dentistry for relieving moderate to severe pain. They found that
single doses of ibuprofen (4–10 mg/kg )
•
Orthodontic pain management Pain and discomfort are common clinical
symptoms in orthodontic patients, especially 2 to 4 days after the
placement of fixed orthodontic appliances.
•
Periodontal Pain managment: Chronic periodontitis is a common
inflammatory disease of the gingiva.
13. ✓
Uses in Dentistry:
the combination of 600mg of
ibuprofen with 1000mg of
Paracetamol taken every six
hours increases pain relief
compared with ibuprofen taken
alone.
✓
ibuprofen and Codiene (which
enhances ibuprofen analgesia but
with a increase in adverse
effects)
✓
use of gel caps that provide
faster absorption and therefore
a quicker effect.
14. References
•
http://www.fda.gov/
•
Drugs.com/ibuprofen
•
Cyclooxygenase-1-Selective Inhibitors Based on the (E)-2′-Des-methyl-sulindac Sulfide Scaffold Andy J. Liedtke, Brenda C.
Crews, Cristina M. Daniel, Anna L. Blobaum, Philip J. Kingsley, Kebreab Ghebreselasie, and Lawrence J. Marnett Journal of
Medicinal Chemistry
•
Lambert, Victoria (2007-10-08). "Dr. Stewart Adams: 'I tested ibuprofen on my hangover'". The Daily Telegraph (London).
Retrieved 2008-01-20.
•
McElwee, N. E.; Veltri, J. C.; Bradford, D. C.; Rollins, D. E. (1990). "A prospective, population-based study of acute ibuprofen
overdose: Complications are rare and routine serum levels not warranted". Annals of Emergency Medicine 19 (6): 657–662. doi
:10.1016/S0196-0644(05)82471-0. PMID 2188537.
•
WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (2nd ed.). World Health Organization (WHO). March 2010. Retrieved 201103-30.
•
Parameter on chronic periodontitis with slight to moderate loss of periodontal support. American Academy of Periodontology.
•
176. Xiaoting L, Yin T, Yangxi C. Interventions for pain during fixed orthodontic appliance therapy. A systematic review. Angle
Orthod. 2010;80:925–932. J Periodontol. 2000 May; 71(5 Suppl):853-5.
•
Review Administering local anaesthesia to paediatric dental patients -- current status and prospects for the future.Ram D,
Peretz B Int J Paediatr Dent. 2002 Mar; 12(2):80-
•
Hitchcock M, Ogg TW Br J Hosp Med. 1995 Sep 6-19; 54(5):202-6.
•
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0000915/
•
http://www.ada.org.au/App_CmsLib/Media/Lib/0612/M32720_v1_633009138786195000.pdf
•
1. Weibert RT, Townsend RJ, Kaiser DG et al. Lack of ibuprofen secretion into human milk. Clin
Pharm. 1982;1:457-8. PMID: 7184678