IAOS-OECD 2018 conference, 19-21 September 2018, Paris. More information at: http://www.oecd.org/iaos2018/

1. International statistics: beyond the simple collation of
national official statistics
Martine Durand and Angela Me
Chairs CCSA

2. The statistical role of ISSA
• Mandated by ISSA governing bodies (national
authorities, some of them do not include representatives
from NSSs)
– Define what and how
– Define the allocation of resources
• ISSA respond to their national authorities users who
require
– Comparability
– Quality
– Coverage
– Relevance

3. ISSAs follow the same criteria as NSOs
• Strong ethical guidelines (Fundamental Principles of Official
statistics; Principles for International Statistics; Codes of
Practice)
• Quality assurance frameworks (comparability, timeliness,
relevance, transparency, accuracy, ..)
• Management of non-response and imputation when feasible
and needed
• Use non-official sources when official sources do not exist
• Use cost-effective methods and methods that fit the purpose

4. Main value-added of ISSAs
Measuring transnational
and global phenomena
that no single country
alone can describe
– Trade
– Environment
– Migration
– Transnational
organized crime
–
Provide comparable
statistics for regional
and international policy
making and for national
stakeholders
(government, private
sector, civil society) to
benchmark national
performance
Technical Assistance

5. EXAMPLES OF VALUE ADDED IN
MEASURING TRANSNATIONAL
AND GLOBAL PHENOMENA

6. Decoding global value chains
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
US VA in imports from Canada
US VA in imports from Mexico
-
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
US VA in imports from Canada
US VA in imports from Mexico
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
China
Canada
Mexico
Germany
SaudiArabia
Russia
UK
Japan
Italy
Israel
India
VietNam
ChineseTaipei
Colombia
Malaysia
Korea
Norway
Finland
Denmark
Sweden
Iceland
Ireland
Chile
Netherlands
Brazil
Australia
Gross Value added
What is the US content of manufacturing
imports from NAFTA?
In million USD
As % of gross imports
What do US bilateral trade deficits look like in value
added terms?
Trade balance, 2014 USD billions
USD millions
Source OECD-WTO TiVA

7. Measuring environmental footprints
Source OECD inter-country input-output database

8. How many Romanian trafficking in persons victims were detected
2010-2014?
Romanian victims of trafficking in persons detected in and outside Romania, 2010-
2014
Source: UNODC GLOTIP 2014 & 2016
1154 1048 1041 896 757
1555
2021
745
712
799
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Victims detected in Romania Victims detected outside Romania

9. EXAMPLES OF VALUE ADDED IN
PROVIDING INTERNATIONALLY
COMPARABLE DATA

10. Where have income inequalities increased most
over the past 30 years?
Source: OECD Income Distribution Database
Change in Gini coefficient

11. Most international statistics are in line with national
statistics but sometimes national statistics are not in line
with international standards so ISSAs need to adjust
national statistics for the purpose of international
comparison

12. Example of adjustment:
Application of the International Classification of Crime for
Statistical Purposes (ICCS) – approved by the UN
Statistical Commission and UN Commission on Crime and
Criminal Justice
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
Homicides
Year
Original Value ICCS Compliant
Homicide Counts in India – 1990 to 2016
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000
22,000
24,000
26,000
Homicides
Year
Original Value ICCS Compliant
Homicide Counts in the USA – 1990 to 2016

13. 0
1
2
3
4
5
China-US asymmetry (abs) Hong Kong-US asymmetry
(abs)
Reducing bilateral trade asymmetries:
Machines for the reception, conversion & transmission/regeneration of
voice, images and other data, 2011
Raw national data
Adjusted for China's exports
through Hong Kong
To provide a more coherent view of bilateral trade
Example of adjustment:

14. International statistics: a partnership with an
accountability framework
NSOs
Other
national
authorities
Regional
organizations
International
organizations
Fundamental
Principles of
Official
Statistics

15. National
statistics
ISSAs:
support NSS
NSS: ensure
quality of
national data
Global/Regional
statistics
NSS: to
provide
quality data
ISSAs: to
ensure quality
of global data
Principles for International Statistics as
accountability framework for ISSAs

16. From …

17. To …

18. Thank you
for your attention

19. How many Romanian trafficking in persons victims were detected
2010-2014?
Victims of trafficking in persons detected in Romania, 2010-2014
Source: UNODC GLOTIP 2014 & 2016
1154
1048 1041
896
757
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

20. National statistics can be improved with data from other countries
and can help national authorities to address the problem
46 15
690
1059
334
13947
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
Russian Federation (2004-2015) Brazil (2005-2014) Mexico (2004-2014)
Numberofseizures
Seizures reported where provenance was known Seizures where named as provenance
Wildlife seizures Source: UNODC WISE

21. Job creation rate, top sectors
Share of employment created by the births of employer enterprises, 2015
Administrative and
support service activities
Other service activities
Arts, entertainment and recreation
Professional, scientific and technical activities
Arts, entertainment and recreation
Professional, scientific and technical activities
Other service activities
Real estate
Other service activities
Arts, entertainment and
recreation
Real estate
Arts, entertainment and recreation
Accommodation and food
Other service activities
Real estate
Real estate
Arts, entertainment and recreation
Other service activities
Accommodation and food
Accommodation and food
Real estate
Accommodation and food
Real estate
Real estate
Accommodation and food
Real estate
Accommodation and food
Accommodation and food
Real estate
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
TUR
HUN
GRC
POL
BRA
GBR
ESP
NZL
LVA
EST
PRT
ROU
FRA
SVK
ITA
ISL
LTU
SVN
NLD
AUT
NOR
SWE
CZE
LUX
DNK
DEU
IRL
BEL
CHE
Share of jobs created by employer enterprise births in total employment of the sector, %
Average job creation rate in business economy Sector with the highest job creation rate by enterprise birth
34.6
What can my
country learn
from others in
order to boost
business
dynamism and
employment
growth?
Source: OECD Entrepreneurship indicators

22. Labour productivity by enterprise size, business economy
Value added per person employed, thousands of USD, current PPPs, 2015
Can my country boost productivity? Where is the
frontier?
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1-9 persons 10-19 persons 20-49 persons 50-249 persons 250 persons or more
Source: OECD Structural Business Statistics