Hypospadias is a birth defect where the urethral opening is in an abnormal location on the penis. It occurs in about 1 in 300 male births. The development of male external genitalia normally occurs between weeks 8-14 of gestation when the urethra and penis fully form. Risk factors include advanced maternal age, fertility treatments, and certain hormones. Hypospadias is classified based on the location of the urethral opening and is usually diagnosed at birth during a physical exam. Treatment involves surgery to correct the defect between ages 3-18 months.

1. Hypospadias
Ala’a AlGhanem | 211508057 | B1

2. The learning objectives:
 Definition and incidence
 normal development of male external
genetalia.
 risk factors
 Classification
 Symptoms and signs
 Diagnosis and investigations
 treatment

3. Hypospadias:
is a birth defect of the male urethra that results in
the urethral meatus (opening) being positioned in
an abnormal location on the ventral aspect of
the penis.

4. Incidence:
Hypospadias occurs in 1 in every 300 male children
.
There is an increased incidence of undescended
testicles in children with hypospadias.

5. Development of male External
genetalia

6. Development of male External
genetalia

7. Development of male External
genetalia

8. Risk factors:
1-Age and weight:
2-Fertility treatments:
3-certain hormons
Mothers who were age 35 years or older and who were
considered obese had a higher risk of having a baby with
hypospadias

9. classification
2-Coronal hypospadias
1-Glanular hypospadias
3-penil shaft hypospadias
4-Penscrotal hypospadias
5-perineal hypospadias

10. Penscrotal hypospadias

11. Symptoms and signs:
seldom have symptoms related to hypospadias.
 new borns and young
children:
 older children and young
adult:
may complain of difficulty directing the urinary stream
and stream spraying.

12.  Chodee (curvature of the
penis)
 Abnormal appearance of
penis
 Penscrotal and perineal
causes ventral bending and bowing of the penile
shaft, which can prevent sexual intercourse.
necessitates voiding in the sitting position
caused by deficient or absent ventral
foreskin

13. Diagnosis:
Hypospadias is usually diagnosed during a physical
examination after the baby is born.

14. Investigations:
1-Karyotyping and buccal
smear
children with penoscrotal and perineal hypospadias often have
a bifid scrotum and ambiguous genitalia
2-Urethroscopy and cystoscopy
to determine whether internal male sexual
organs are normally developed
3-Excretory urography
to detect additional congenital anomalies of the kidneys and ureter

15. Treatment:
depends on the type of defect the boy has. Most cases of
hypospadias will need surgery to correct the defect.
between the ages of 3–18 months old.
a baby boy with hypospadias should not be circumcised.

16. References:

17. Thank you