High blood pressure, also called hypertension, is a major risk factor for heart attacks and strokes. It occurs when the force of blood within arteries is consistently higher than normal levels. The typical readings for normal blood pressure are below 120/80 mmHg, while high blood pressure is 140/90 mmHg or higher. Factors like family history, age, obesity, physical inactivity, excess salt intake, smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can increase one's risk of developing high blood pressure. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle through diet, exercise, weight management and avoiding smoking can help lower blood pressure and reduce health risks. Medication may also be needed in more severe cases of high blood pressure.