Hyperloop

1. Title : Hyperloop
RV College of
Engineering
Go, change the world
Rolwyn Marian Cardoza
2019-2020
Seminar Presentation on
Dept of Mech. Engg.

2. RV College of
Engineering
Go, change the world
Contents
• Introduction
• Aim and Objectives
• Sustainability
• Literature review
• Related Work
• Competitors
• Expected Results
• Conclusion
• References

3. RV College of
Engineering
Go, change the world
INTRODUCTION
Problems of increasing population
• Traffic congestion
• Pollution
• Depletion of Natural Resources
• Accelerated Habitat Loss
• Amplified Climate Change and Global Warming
• Loss of Biodiversity
The most of the above problems could be reduced by an
effective means of mass transit.

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Engineering
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Modes Cost Eco-friendly Time
Roadways
Railways
Airways
Objectives
• Safety
• Sustainability
• Very eco-friendly
• Resistant to weather
• Resistant to earthquake
HYPERLOOP
Present land transit modes
Aim:
To develop a new mode of transportation
which is faster as well as cheaper unlike
other modes of transit such as road, rail,
airways, waterways.

5. RV College of
Engineering
Go, change the worldHyperloop
High-speed transportation system using near vacuum tubes
in which pressurised vehicles travel.
The concept of travelling in a vacuum tube goes way back to
1909.
Robert Goddard - idea of vacuum sealed tubes to be used for
the travelling purpose.
Conceptualized – Elon Musk ( Founder – Space X, Tesla,
Pay Pal ) & engineers
Open sourced by Elon Musk – ‘ Hyperloop Alpha’- 2013 .
Based on route = Los angeles to San Francisco

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Engineering
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Sustainability
• The cost of the project from san
Francisco – Los Angeles = $ 6
billion vs $60 billion of present
high speed train
• It is equipped with solar panels
for power, hence eco-friendly

7. RV College of
Engineering
Go, change the worldLiterature Review
Elon Musk, (July 2012) pitched an idea for a fifth mode of transport which would operate on combined
principles of a Concorde, an air hockey table and a rail gun. He took patent under this concept the name
– Hyperloop, in which he published an open sourced white paper. In his words, Hyperloop incorporates
reduced-pressure tubes in which pressurized capsules ride on air bearings[1].
N. Kayela, (2014) investigated that the Hyperloop as a fifth mode of transportation after automobiles,
trains, airplanes and boats. He has discussed about the tracks and stations for the Hyperloop. Also,
discussed about the two version of capsule in Hyperloop system i.e passenger only version and another
is passenger plus vehicle version [2].

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Mark Sakowski (2016) discussed the current maglev along with evacuated tube technology and
concluded that Hyperloop is feasible if properly designed in terms of energy usage it has the potential
to be much more efficient of pods traversing down the tube.[3].
Ahmed Hodaib, Samar F. Abdel Fattah (May 2016), for propulsion of the Hyperloop capsule, linear
induction motor would be used for speeding, boosting and braking of the capsule or pod. The study
demonstrated that the linear induction motor runs on 3-phase power same as synchronous motor can
run and support very high speed. Although rotary induction motors are more energy efficient, there are
end effects that reduce the motor's thrust force, thus proving that linear induction motors are much
more suitable for the required force output. Further research was also made about the study and
manufacturing of the induction motor with reference to the Hyperloop [4].
Literature Review

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Jeffrey C. Chin, Justin S. Gray, Scott M. Jones, Jeffrey J. Berton, in their paper, conferred about the Open-Source
Conceptual Sizing Models for the travelling capsules of the Hyperloop. A thorough analysis two major aspects led them to
a conclusion. Firstly, a direct relation between the tube cross sectional area and the pod travel speed was found, the tube
size to be to be approximately twice the diameter of the original specification and calculation for the pod to reach the
desired speed or value. [5].
Literature Review
Delft hyperloop shows the different companies that are
researching the hyperloop and planning to build a full scale
model of the hyperloop for the mass transit saving time,
energy, cost and being eco-friendly. [6]

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1) Tube :
Pressure = 100 pa
• Reduce drag by1000 times comparatively to atm. pressure.
• The tube is made of steel. Two tubes will be welded together in a side-
by-side configuration to allow the capsules to travel both directions.
• Solar panels
Related Work
Construction
Typical vacuum pump air removal rate for functional
pressure range

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2) Capsule/Pod
Sealed capsules carrying 28 passengers
Levitation is the process by which an object is held aloft, without mechanical support, in a stable position.
Levitation
1) Electro Magnetic Suspension (EMS)
2) Electro Dynamic Suspension (EDS)
Electro Magnetic Suspension (EMS) [7]
• Permanent Magnet – train
• Electromagnet – Fixed to Guideway
• Guidance Magnet to keep the car at centre
• Only levitation no propulsion
Magnet is pulled/attract to levitate the train

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Electro Dynamic Suspension (EDS) [8]
• Permanent Magnets on car
• Initially supported on wheels
• Both levitating and propulsion after 100 kmph speed.
• The attraction of the front magnets and repulsion of
the rear magnet propel the train

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1) Propulsion [9]
Propulsion is the action or process of pushing or pulling to drive an object forward.
1) Compressor

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Air-lock technique [10]
The company Hyperloop One, demonstrated its airlock technology that allowed the pod to be transferred into the
depressurized tube.
this system, XP-1 pod can be put in an airlock which takes a few minutes to depressurize before entering the already
depressurized tube. Otherwise, the pod would need to enter the tube and wait for the 4-hour depressurization of the
entire test tube

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Vibranium [11]:
HyerloopTT
It is a carbon fibre composite
• 8 times stronger and 1.5 times lighter than aluminium
• 10 times stronger and 5 times less than steel
Reducing energy output to propel the capsule.
The material would also be embedded with sensors to monitor the capsule’s temperature and
stability. This will also help the company know which pods need to be repaired before it ever
becomes an issue

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Competitors
1) Virgin Hyperloop One [12]
• Founded – 2014
• Employees – 280+
• Headquarters - Los Angeles, California, U.S.
• Test track - 500-metre (1,600 ft) DevLoop in Northern Las Vegas
• Funds - $400 million in 2019
• Hyperloop One successfully tested its XP-1 passenger pod,
reaching speeds of up to 309 km/h. It travelled for just over 300m
• It has developed Airlock techniques to move pods into capsule
w/o depressurizing
• Its publicly stated goal is to provide a fully operational Hyperloop
system by 2021

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Hyperloop Transportation Technologies [13]
• Founded – 2014
• Employees – 800+
• Headquarters - Playa Vista, California, U.S.
• Test track – 1km long test track under development in
Toulouse, France
10km track in Tongren, Guizou province, China
a joint venture with the government of China
• Funds - $108 million
• Vibranium
• MOU’s in India
• Chennai and Bengaluru -30 minutes
• Amaravathi to Vijayawada - 6-minute ride
• Mumbai and Pune -20 minutes

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TransPod [14]
• Founded – 2015
• Employees – 800+
• Headquarters - Toronto, Ontario, Canada
• Test track – 3 km long test track under development in
Droux , France
• Funds - $15 million
Other competitors
• DGWHyperloop
• Arrivo
• Hardt Global Mobility
• Hyper Chariot
• Zeleros

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Hyperloop Pod competition winners
Expected Result
The top speed to be reached is 1223 kmph

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• The Hyperloop technology is explained
• The Hyperloop technology is faster, cheaper, Eco-friendly, resistant to earthquake
and resistant to weather
• The safety aspect is yet to be addressed
• The technology improves the economy by enabling labor and commercial markets
to integrate within the existing centres of commerce,
• The three main steps to be followed would be continuing research and
development, sharing knowledge and investing in a long test track.
• The Hyperloop is is still in its early stages and still needs copious amounts of
development.
Conclusion

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Reference :
1. Musk, Elon (August 12, 2013). "Hyperloop Alpha"(PDF). SpaceX. Retrieved August 13, 2013.
2. N. Kayela, editor of scientific and technical department, “Hyperloop: A Fifth Mode of Transportation”, 2014
3. Mark Sakowski, “The Next Contender in High Speed Transport Elon Musks Hyperloop”, 2016
4. Ahmed Hodaib, Samar, et al, International Journal of Mechanical, Aerospace, Industrial, Mechatronics and
Manufacturing Engg. Vol:10 No:5, (May’16)
5. Chin, Jeffrey C.; Gray, Justin S.; Jones, Scott M.; Breton, Jeffrey J. (January 2015). Open-Source Conceptual Sizing
Models for the Hyperloop Passenger Pod.
6. Full Scale Hyperloop Department, Delft Hyperloop, Delft, June, 2019
7. Mohammed Imran, international journal of engineering research, 2016
8. Physics of Maglev Train- http://ffden-2.phys.uaf.edu/212_spring2011.web.dir/Chan_Jeon/physics-of-maglve-
train.html
9. “A RESEARCH REVIEW ON MAGNETIC LEVITATION TRAINS”, Sujay Jaiaraman1,Madhu.S, International
Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol. 10 No.33 (2015)
10. Musk, Elon (August 12, 2013). "Hyperloop Alpha"(PDF). SpaceX. Retrieved August 13, 2014.
11. Electiacal4u- Linear Induction Motor - electrical4u.com/linear-induction-motor/
12. Hyperloop one - https://hyperloop-one.com
13. HyperloopTT- https://www.hyperlooptt.com/
14. Transpod- https://transpod.com/en/

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Suggestion/Corrections
Thank you Sir