Hyperloop is the most ambitious project in the whole world. Every engineering student must learn about it.its all about hyperloop a-z information, a basic working principle to expert views, detailed literature survey with references. I have studied detailed for 3rd-year academic seminars and prepared presentations and detailed reports.
Hyper Loop One PPT - Hyperloop India 2018Rahul John
PPT Presentation on Hyperloop One & Hyperloop in India 2018.
Introduction, Advantages, Hyperloop use in India, Concept of Hyperloop PPT, types of hyperloop
HYPERLOOP ENGINEERING SEMINAR-BY MR.HEMANTH KUMAR DHEMANTH KUMAR D
HYPERLOOP IS A FIFTH MODE OF TRANSPORTATION WHICH USES CAPSULES TO TRANSPORT PEOPLE AND VEHICLES FROM ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER THROUGH A LOW PRESSURE TUBE. HYPERLOOP IS FAST,INEXPENSIVE,ECO-FRIENDLY AND ZERO EMISSION VEHICLE.
Find a new way to of transportation system that can change the whole world's connectivity reducing large distance travelling from days to a few hours only.
Hyper Loop One PPT - Hyperloop India 2018Rahul John
PPT Presentation on Hyperloop One & Hyperloop in India 2018.
Introduction, Advantages, Hyperloop use in India, Concept of Hyperloop PPT, types of hyperloop
HYPERLOOP ENGINEERING SEMINAR-BY MR.HEMANTH KUMAR DHEMANTH KUMAR D
HYPERLOOP IS A FIFTH MODE OF TRANSPORTATION WHICH USES CAPSULES TO TRANSPORT PEOPLE AND VEHICLES FROM ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER THROUGH A LOW PRESSURE TUBE. HYPERLOOP IS FAST,INEXPENSIVE,ECO-FRIENDLY AND ZERO EMISSION VEHICLE.
Find a new way to of transportation system that can change the whole world's connectivity reducing large distance travelling from days to a few hours only.
Hyperloop is a completely new mode of fastest transportation. Hyperloop is firstly proposed by Elon Musk and a team of the engineer from Tesla Motors and the Space Exploration Technologies Corporation in August 2013. The concept of hyperloop includes traveling people from one place to another place in a capsule which is propelling at a very high speed. We can also call hyperloop as a solar-powered transportation system and it is an alternative to a high-speed train.
A new technology in order to enhance travel experience and to reduce time, save money. By using this technology one can travel at much higher speed and can save time as well as money. This technology or idea is given by elon musk and is completely environment friendly
Hyperloop is the new mode of transportation after air, water, rails and roads. It could be a realistic high speed as well as economical way of transportation apart from a fantasized means of transportation called the "teleportation".
Hyperloop new transportation system seminar presentation - Aishwarya karhadeAishwarya Karhade
Hyperloop is the most ambitious project in the whole world. Every engineering student must learn about it.its all about hyperloop a-z information, a basic working principle to expert views, detailed literature survey with references. I have studied detailed for 3rd-year academic seminars and prepared presentations and detailed reports.
Hyperloop transportation system developed by Elon musk of Tesla group and spacex. It aims to reduce travel time between two cities with the help of capsules travelling in a controlled vaccum system .
This ppt will explain about the new mode of transportation, i.e., Hyperloop which was proposed by ELON MUSK. It will feature its design, concept, working model, need, advantages and disadvantages.
As we know that there are four modes of
transportation are, rail, road, water, and air. These modes
of transport tend to be either relatively slow (e.g., road and
water), expensive (e.g., air), or a combination of relatively
slow and expensive (i.e., rail). Hyper loop is a new mode of
transport that seeks to change this paradigm by being both
fast and inexpensive for people and goods. Hyperloop is also
unique in that it is an open design concept, similar to Linux.
Feedback is desired from the community that can help
advance the Hyperloop design and bring it from concept to
reality. Hyperloop consists of a low pressure tube with
capsules that are transported at both low and high speeds
throughout the length of the tube. The capsules are
supported on a cushion of air, featuring pressurized air and
aerodynamic lift. The capsules are accelerated via a
magnetic linear accelerator affixed at various stations on the
low pressure tube with rotors contained in each capsule.
Passengers may enter and exit Hyperloop at stations located
either at the ends of the tube, or branches along the tube
length. In this study, the initial route, preliminary design,
and logistics of the Hyperloop transportation system have
been derived. The system consists of capsules that travel
between Los Angeles, California and San Francisco,
California. The total one-way trip time is 35 minutes from
county line to county line. The capsules leave on average
every 2 minutes from each terminal carrying 28 people each
(as often as every 30 seconds during rush hour and less
frequently at night). This gives a total of 7.4 million people
per tube that can be transported each year on Hyperloop.
The total cost of Hyperloop is under $6 billion USD for two
one-way tubes and 40 capsules. Amortizing this capital cost
over 20 years and adding daily operational costs gives a total
of $20 USD plus operating costs per one-way ticket on the
passenger Hyperloop
A Hyperloop is a proposed mode of passenger and freight transportation, first used to describe an open-source vactrain design released by a joint team from Tesla and SpaceX.
Hyperloop is a completely new mode of fastest transportation. Hyperloop is firstly proposed by Elon Musk and a team of the engineer from Tesla Motors and the Space Exploration Technologies Corporation in August 2013. The concept of hyperloop includes traveling people from one place to another place in a capsule which is propelling at a very high speed. We can also call hyperloop as a solar-powered transportation system and it is an alternative to a high-speed train.
A new technology in order to enhance travel experience and to reduce time, save money. By using this technology one can travel at much higher speed and can save time as well as money. This technology or idea is given by elon musk and is completely environment friendly
Hyperloop is the new mode of transportation after air, water, rails and roads. It could be a realistic high speed as well as economical way of transportation apart from a fantasized means of transportation called the "teleportation".
Hyperloop new transportation system seminar presentation - Aishwarya karhadeAishwarya Karhade
Hyperloop is the most ambitious project in the whole world. Every engineering student must learn about it.its all about hyperloop a-z information, a basic working principle to expert views, detailed literature survey with references. I have studied detailed for 3rd-year academic seminars and prepared presentations and detailed reports.
Hyperloop transportation system developed by Elon musk of Tesla group and spacex. It aims to reduce travel time between two cities with the help of capsules travelling in a controlled vaccum system .
This ppt will explain about the new mode of transportation, i.e., Hyperloop which was proposed by ELON MUSK. It will feature its design, concept, working model, need, advantages and disadvantages.
As we know that there are four modes of
transportation are, rail, road, water, and air. These modes
of transport tend to be either relatively slow (e.g., road and
water), expensive (e.g., air), or a combination of relatively
slow and expensive (i.e., rail). Hyper loop is a new mode of
transport that seeks to change this paradigm by being both
fast and inexpensive for people and goods. Hyperloop is also
unique in that it is an open design concept, similar to Linux.
Feedback is desired from the community that can help
advance the Hyperloop design and bring it from concept to
reality. Hyperloop consists of a low pressure tube with
capsules that are transported at both low and high speeds
throughout the length of the tube. The capsules are
supported on a cushion of air, featuring pressurized air and
aerodynamic lift. The capsules are accelerated via a
magnetic linear accelerator affixed at various stations on the
low pressure tube with rotors contained in each capsule.
Passengers may enter and exit Hyperloop at stations located
either at the ends of the tube, or branches along the tube
length. In this study, the initial route, preliminary design,
and logistics of the Hyperloop transportation system have
been derived. The system consists of capsules that travel
between Los Angeles, California and San Francisco,
California. The total one-way trip time is 35 minutes from
county line to county line. The capsules leave on average
every 2 minutes from each terminal carrying 28 people each
(as often as every 30 seconds during rush hour and less
frequently at night). This gives a total of 7.4 million people
per tube that can be transported each year on Hyperloop.
The total cost of Hyperloop is under $6 billion USD for two
one-way tubes and 40 capsules. Amortizing this capital cost
over 20 years and adding daily operational costs gives a total
of $20 USD plus operating costs per one-way ticket on the
passenger Hyperloop
A Hyperloop is a proposed mode of passenger and freight transportation, first used to describe an open-source vactrain design released by a joint team from Tesla and SpaceX.
Prospects of Hyperloop Transportation Technology: A Case of ChinaDr. Amarjeet Singh
Hyperloop transportation technology is amongst
the most promising sustainable and climate-friendly
transportation systems of the modern era. Now China has
taken steps to build this transportation system in Tongren city,
which located on Guizhou's eastern part [8]. So far, not much
work has been conducted on the prospects of this technology,
especially for China. In this paper based on extensive
literature review, we have analyzed the prospects of this
technology in China. Furthermore, this article also discusses
the possible hurdles and proposes some suggestions for
overcoming the problems in the adoption of this climatefriendly technology.
It is the new form of transportation system between long distances.
Hyperloop consists of a low pressured tube with capsules that are transported at both high and low speeds throughout the length of the tube.
It is a high-speed transport at a speed of 800 mph which is twice the speed of a commercial plane.
This is the future of transporation system, here one can travel with the speed of sound which is equal to 1200 kmph.hyperloop concept propsed by elon musk in 2012.
Hyperloop consists of a low pressure tube with capsules that are transported at both low and high speeds throughout the length of the tube. The capsules are supported on a cushion of air, featuring pressurized air and aerodynamic lift. The capsules are accelerated via a magnetic linear accelerator affixed at various stations on the low pressure tube with rotors contained in each capsule. Passengers may enter and exit Hyperloop at stations located either at the ends of the tube, or branches along the tube length.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
#vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore#blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #blackmagicforlove #blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #Amilbabainuk #amilbabainspain #amilbabaindubai #Amilbabainnorway #amilbabainkrachi #amilbabainlahore #amilbabaingujranwalan #amilbabainislamabad
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Hyperloop new transportation system seminar report- Aishwarya Karhade
1. Dr. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR MARATHWADA UNIVERSITY,
AURANGABAD (M.S.)
Seminar Report on
“Hyperloop -New transportation system”
Submitted by
Aishwarya A. Karhade
(Roll Number- 68)
Under the guidance of
Prof. Saurabh S. Kohli
In partial fulfillment of the award of
Bachelor of Engineering (Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Marathwada Institute of Technology,
Aurangabad (Maharashtra)
[2017-18]
2. CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the seminar report entitled “Hyperloop-New transportation
system”, submitted by Aishwarya A. Karhade is the bonafied work completed under my
supervision and guidance in partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Engineering
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering) of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada
University, Aurangabad (M.S.).
Place: Aurangabad
Date:
Dr. S. M. Badave
Head
Department of Electrical and Electronics
Engineering
Prof. Saurabh S. Kohli
Project Guide
Department of Electrical and Electronics
Engineering
Dr. N. G. Patil
Principal
Marathwada Institute of Technology
Aurangabad (M.S.) – 431 005
Name & Signature of External Examiners with Date:
1) ____________________________________
2) ____________________________________
3. [i]
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is my proud privilege and duty to acknowledge the kind of help and guidance received
from several people in preparation of this report. It would not have been possible to prepare
this report in this form without their valuable help, cooperation and guidance. I am highly
indebted to Prof. Saurabh S. Kohli, for his guidance and constant support. I can’t thank
enough for his tremendous support and help. I feel motivated and encouraged every time I
attended his meeting. Without his encouragement and guidance this seminar would not have
materialized.
I take this opportunity to convey our sincere thanks to Dr. S. M. Badave, Head of
Electrical & Electronics Engineering Department, for providing guidance and whole hearted
cooperation. I am thankful to Dr. N. G. Patil, Principal, Marathwada Institute of Technology,
Aurangabad for his encouraging attitude. I also extend my genuine thanks to all the staff of
Electrical & Electronics Engineering Department for providing valuable guidance.
Finally, yet importantly, I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to my beloved
parents for their blessings, and my all friends and all others for their help, backing and good
wishes. Also thanks to everybody who was important to the successful realization of seminar
report, as well as expressing my apology that I could not mention personally one by one.
Aishwarya Karhade
(Roll No. 68)
4. [ii]
ABSTRACT
Existing conventional modes of transportation of people consists of four unique types:
rail, road, water, and air. These modes of transport tend to be either relatively slow (e.g., road
and water), expensive (e.g., air), or a combination of relatively slow and expensive (i.e., rail).
Hyperloop is a new mode of transport that seeks to change this paradigm by being both fast
and inexpensive for people and goods. Hyperloop is also unique in that it is an open design
concept, similar to Linux. Feedback is desired from the community that can help advance the
Hyperloop design and bring it from concept to reality.
Hyperloop consists of a low pressure tube with capsules that are transported at both low
and high speeds throughout the length of the tube. The capsules are supported on a cushion of
air, featuring pressurized air and aerodynamic lift. The capsules are accelerated via a magnetic
linear accelerator affixed at various stations on the low pressure tube with rotors contained in
each capsule. Passengers may enter and exit Hyperloop at stations located either at the ends of
the tube, or branches along the tube length.
In this study, the initial route, preliminary design, and logistics of the Hyperloop
transportation system have been derived. The system consists of capsules that travel between
Los Angeles, California and San Francisco, California. The total one-way trip time is 35
minutes from county line to county line. The capsules leave on average every 2 minutes from
each terminal carrying 28 people each (as often as every 30 seconds during rush hour and less
frequently at night). This gives a total of 7.4 million people per tube that can be transported
each year on Hyperloop. The total cost of Hyperloop is under $6 billion USD for two one-way
tubes and 40 capsules. Amortizing this capital cost over 20 years and adding daily operational
costs gives a total of $20 USD plus operating costs per one-way ticket on the passenger
Hyperloop.
5. [iii]
CONTENTS
Acknowledgement i
Abstract ii
List of Figures iv
List of Tables v
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction 1
2. LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1 Literature Survey 2
3. SYSTEM MODELING AND WORKING
3.1 Construction of Hyperloop 3
3.1.1 Tube
3.1.2 Capsule
3.1.3 Compressor
3.1.4 Suspension
3.1.5 Propulsion
3.2 Working principle of hyperloop
3
4
5
6
4. ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT AND ECONOMIC CONCERN
4.1 Energy, Environment and Economic Concern
4.2 Total cost
4.3 Advantages & Limitations of hyperloop
7
9
10
5. CONCLUSIONS
5.1 Conclusions 11
5.2 Future Scope 12
References 13
6. [iv]
List of Figures
Figure Illustration Page
1 Construction of tube 3
2 Arrangement in capsule 4
3 Compressor 4
4 Air bearing skis support the capsule 5
5 Propulsion 5
6 Working of hyperloop system 6
7 Energy cost comparison 8
7. [v]
Table Illustration Page
1 Crew capsule weight and cost breakdown 9
2 Cargo and crew capsule weight and cost breakdown 10
List of Tables
8. 1
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction:
Hyperloop is a completely new mode of fastest transportation. Hyperloop is firstly
proposed by Elon musk and a team of engineer from Tesla Motors and the Space
Exploration Technologies Corporation in August 2013. The concept of hyperloop
includes travelling people from one place to another place in a capsule which is
propelling at a very high speed. We can also call hyperloop as a solar powered
transportation system and it is an alternative of high speed train. Basically hyperloop is
magnetically levitated train which runs inside a long tube or pipe. It consists of low
pressure tube with capsule that is transported at both low and high speeds. It is driven by
linear induction motor and compressor. It includes 28 passenger pods.
For propulsion, magnetic accelerators will be planted along the length of the tube,
propelling the pods forward. The tubes would house a low pressure environment,
surrounding the pod with a cushion of air that permits the pod to move safely at such high
speeds, like a puck gliding over an air hockey table. Given the tight quarters in the tube,
pressure buildup in front of the pod could be a problem. The tube needs a system to keep
air from building up in this way. Musk’s design recommends an air compressor on the
front of the pod that will move air from the front to the tail, keeping it aloft and
preventing pressure building up due to air displacement. A one way trip on the Hyperloop
is projected to take about 35 minutes (for comparison, traveling the same distance by car
takes roughly six hours.) Passengers may enter and exit Hyperloop at stations located
either at the ends of the tube, or branches along the tube length.
Hyperloop is based on a principle of magnetic levitation. The principle of
magnetic levitation is that a vehicle can be suspended and propelled on a guidance track
made with magnets. The vehicle on top of the track may be propelled with the help of a
linear induction motor.
9. 2
2. LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1 Literature Survey:
i. Jeffrey C. Chin, Justin S. Gray, Scott M. Jones, Jeffrey J. Berton, they
discussed about the Open-Source Conceptual Sizing Models for the
Hyperloop Passenger Pod in this paper. They concluded that the refined
analysis illuminates several interdisciplinary couplings that alter two major
aspects of the initial concept. First, the pod travel speed and the tube cross
sectional area are linked, forcing the tube size to be to be roughly twice the
diameter of the original specification, in order for the pod to reach Mach 0.8.
Second, the steady-state tube temperature is dominated by ambient thermal
interactions unrelated to the heat generated by the pod compression system.
ii. Mark Sakowski (2016) discussed the current maglev technology along with
the theoretical evacuated tube technology and they concluded that the
hyperloop is feasible and if properly designed, has the potential to be much
more efficient in terms of energy usage of pods traversing down the tube.
iii. N. Kayela, (2014) investigated that the hyperloop is a fifth mode of
transportation alongside trains, planes, automobiles and boats. He discussed
about the railway track for the hyperloop, stations for the hyperloop. Also,
discussed about the two version of capsule that is one is passenger only
version and another is passenger plus vehicle version.
iv. Mohammed Imran (2016) He focused his study element on the hyperloop
technology (the passenger transport system). He discussed about the two
version of hyperloop in that one is passenger only version and another is
passenger plus vehicle version.
v. Musk, Elon (August 12, 2013). "Hyperloop Alpha"(PDF). SpaceX. Retrieved
August 13, 2013. He highlighted the hyperloop project and requirements to
develop the model.
10. 3
3. SYSTEM MODELING AND WORKING
3.1. Construction:
3.1.1 Tube:
The tube is made of steel. There are two tubes which are welded together side by side
configuration to allow the capsules travel in both directions. The tube will be supported
by pillars. There is a solar array are provided on a top of the tubes for the purpose of
power to the system.
Fig-1: Construction of tube
3.1.2 Capsule:
The capsule can carry 28 passengers at a time and it send at a very high speed and it is
levitated by a high pressure air cushion. The design of capsule is start with the
aerodynamic shape. There are two version of capsule are being considered: a passenger
only version and a passenger plus vehicle version. Assuming an average departure time of
2 minutes between capsules, a minimum of 28 passengers per capsule are required to meet
840 passengers per hour. It is possible to further increase the Hyperloop capacity by reducing
the time between departures.
The current baseline requires up to 40 capsules in activity during rush hour, 6 of
which are at the terminals for loading and unloading of the passengers in approximately 5
minutes.
11. 4
Fig-2: Arrangement in capsule
3.1.3 Compressor:
The compressor is fitted at the front side of the capsule. It supplies the air to the air
bearings which supports the weight of the capsule. The compressor allows the capsule to
traverse to the low pressure tube without choking the air flow that travels between tube
walls and capsule.
Fig-3: Compressor
3.1.4 Suspension:
Air bearing suspension offers stability and extremely low drag at a feasible cost. A stiff
air bearing suspension is superb for reliability and safety. When there is a gap between
ski and tube walls is high then it shows the nonlinear reaction and which results in large
restoring pressure.
12. 5
Fig-4: Air bearing skies that support the capsule
3.1.5 Propulsions:
To accelerate and decelerate the capsule the linear induction motor is used in hyperloop
system. It provides some advantages over a permanent magnet motor. To accelerate the
capsules there is linear accelerators are constructed on a length of the tube. Stators are
placed on the capsules to transfer momentum to the capsules via the linear accelerators.
Fig-5: Propulsion
13. 6
3.2 Working of hyperloop system
Working of hyperloop system is based on magnetic levitation principle. As we
know that the passenger pad travel through low pressure tube which is pylon-supported
tube. In hyperloop system an air compressor fan is fitted on front side of pod which sucks
the air. It transfers high pressure air front side to the rear side of capsule (pod) and it
propel the pod. It creates the air cushion around the pod, so that the pod is suspended in
air within the tube.
On the basis of magnetic levitation principle, the pod will be propelled by the
linear induction motor. By the linear induction motor the capsule send from one place to
another place to a subsonic velocity that is slower than the speed of sound. The pod will
be self-powered. There is solar panel fitted on top of the tube. By this solar panel there is
enough energy is stored in battery packs to operate at night and in cloudy weather for
some periods. The energy is also is stored in the form of compressed air. The air between
the capsule acts as a cushions to prevent two capsules from colliding within the tube. In
above figure it shown that the air through the compressor is send to a bypass nozzle at the
rear end of the capsule. If capsule cover too much area of the tube then, the air is not flow
around the capsule and ultimately the entire column of air in the tube is being pushed
ahead of the capsule and because of this there is friction between the air and tube walls is
increases tremendously. Therefore, to avoid this problem the compressor is fitted at the
front of the capsule through which the air is flow which will not flow around the capsule
and send it to bypass nozzle.
Fig-6:Working of hyperloop system
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4. ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT & ECONOMIC CONCERN
4.1 Energy, Environment and Economic Concern:
Hyerloop itself runs on renewable energies like Solar, Wind and Thermal power. So here
we are not using any energy out of burning fossils. Eventually there will be no air
pollution. Hyerloop runs in a nearly vacuum environment creating a frictionless journey
which produces less noise. Hyperloop either runs on pylons or through underground
tunnels, so there will be no disturbance to fertile lands and avoids traffic in cities. Also in
hyeprloop we don’t need to power up entire track to move the pod. An automated
software will just power up the track where the pod is hovering, hence less power
consumption. Very low energy consumption per mass per distance travelled. Very low
noise pollution to environment. Long service life and low maintenance. Not possible to
pollute (even throwing cigarette out of the window)
Musk claims Hyperloop pods will be faster than trains, safer than cars and much
less damaging to the environment than aircraft. With his focus on changing the world’s
energy systems, Hyperloop fits in with Musk’s aim to shift transport away from carbon to
renewables. A feasibility study by the US Department of Transportation (DOT) estimates
Hyperloop routes could be up to six times more energy efficient than air travel on short
routes while delivering speeds three times faster than the world’s fastest high-speed rail
system. Examining the potential for Hyperloop pods to be eco-friendlier than traditional
transport, researchers at the Helmut Schmidt University in Hamburg estimated the effects
of building a 300km freight-dedicated Hyperloop in northern Germany. Quantifying the
impact of removing thousands of trucks from roads, reduced air pollution and greenhouse
gas emissions, they found Hyperloop could avoid emitting up to 140,000 tons of carbon
dioxide each year (along with up to 0.2% of Germany’s production of air pollutants like
methane and nitrous oxide) while delivering up to $1.07bn of value - equal to a third of
its estimated $3.2bn investment.
16. 9
4.2 Total Cost
The overall cost of the Hyperloop passenger capsule version (Table 1) is expected
to be under $1.35 million USD including manufacturing and assembly cost. With 40
capsules required for the expected demand, the total cost of capsules for the Hyperloop
system should be no more than $54 million USD or approximately 1% of the total
budget. Although the overall cost of the project would be higher, we have also detailed
the expected cost of a larger capsule (Table 2) which could carry not only passengers but
cargo and cars/SUVs as well. The frontal area of the capsule would have to be increased
to 4 m2
and the tube diameter would be increased to 3.3 m.
18. 11
4.3Advantages and Limitation of Hyperloop
Advantages
1) It saves the travelling time.
2) There is no problem of traffic.
3) It is powered by the solar panel.
4) It can travel in any kind of weather.
5) Operating cost of hyperloop is low.
6) Not disruptive to those along the route.
7) More convenient.
8) Resistance to earthquake.
Limitations
1) Turning will be critical.
2) Less movable space for passenger.
3) High speed might cause dizziness in some passenger.
4) Punctured tunnel could cause shockwaves.
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5. CONCLUSION
5.1 Conclusions:
A high speed transportation system known as Hyperloop has been developed in this
report. The work has detailed two versions of the Hyperloop: a passenger only version
and a passenger plus vehicle version. Hyperloop could transport people, vehicles, and
freight between Los Angeles and San Francisco in 35 minutes. Transporting 7.4 million
people each way every year and amortizing the cost of $6 billion over 20 years gives a
ticket price of $20 for a one-way trip for the passenger version of Hyperloop. The
passenger only version of the Hyperloop is less than 9% of the cost of the proposed
passenger only high speed rail system between Los Angeles and San Francisco.
An additional passenger plus transport version of the Hyperloop has been created
that is only 25% higher in cost than the passenger only version. This version would be
capable of transporting passengers, vehicles, freight, etc. The passenger plus vehicle
version of the Hyperloop is less than 11% of the cost of the proposed passenger only high
speed rail system between Los Angeles and San Francisco. Additional technological
developments and further optimization could likely reduce this price.
20. 13
6. FUTURE SCOPE
Hyperloop is considered an open source transportation concept. The authors
encourage all members of the community to contribute to the Hyperloop design process.
Iteration of the design by various individuals and groups can help bring Hyperloop from
an idea to a reality.
The inventors recognize the need for additional work, including but not limited to:
1. More expansion on the control mechanism for Hyperloop capsules, including attitude
thruster or control moment gyros.
2. Detailed station designs with loading and unloading of both passenger and passenger
plus vehicle versions of the Hyperloop capsules.
3. Trades comparing the costs and benefits of Hyperloop with more conventional
magnetic levitation systems.
4. Sub-scale testing based on a further optimized design to demonstrate the physics of
Hyperloop.
21. 14
REFERENCES
[1] Ahmed Hodaib, Samar, et al, International Journal of mechanical, aerospace,
industrial, mechatronics and manufacturing engineering Vol:10 No:5, (May 2016)
[2] Chin, Jeffrey C.; Gray, Justin S.; Jones, Scott M.; Breton, Jeffrey J., Open-Source
Conceptual Sizing Models for the Hyperloop Passenger Pod, 56th
AIAA/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference.
January 5–9, 2015. Kissimmee, Florida. doi:10.2514/6.2015-1587.
[3]Mark Sakowski, “The Next Contender in High Speed Transport Elon Musks
Hyperloop”, 2016
[4] N. Kayela,“Hyperloop: A Fifth Mode of Transportation”, 2014
[5] Mohammed Imran, International Journal of engineering research, 2016
[6] Musk Elon, "Hyperloop Alpha", SpaceX., August 13, 2013.