A representative from the Network for Sustainable Hydropower Development for Mekong Region with the support of MRC-GIZ Cooperation Programme gave a presentation on hydropower siting, design, and operations in a changing climate.
Flood and drought mitigation - Matt MachielseYourAlberta
Matt, Assistant Deputy Minister with Alberta Environment and Sustainable Resource Development presented at Alberta’s Watershed Management Symposium: Flood and Drought Mitigation. He explained key findings from the Government of Alberta’s flood mitigation engineering studies are presented, along with next steps for major flood mitigation projects.
Flood and drought mitigation - Matt MachielseYourAlberta
Matt, Assistant Deputy Minister with Alberta Environment and Sustainable Resource Development presented at Alberta’s Watershed Management Symposium: Flood and Drought Mitigation. He explained key findings from the Government of Alberta’s flood mitigation engineering studies are presented, along with next steps for major flood mitigation projects.
Presented by Vladimir Smakhtin at the Ministry of Water Resources, New Delhi, India, November 4, 2014.
The flows of India’s rivers are increasingly being modified by dams and weirs and abstractions for agriculture and urban use. These interventions have caused significant alteration of flow regimes mainly by reducing total flow and affecting its variability and seasonality. An Environmental Flow (EF) is the water regime provided within a river, wetland or coastal zone to maintain ecosystems and their benefits. Environmental Flows describe the quantity, quality and timing of water flows required to sustain freshwater and estuarine ecosystems and the human livelihoods and well-being that depend on these ecosystems. This presentation looks at how the EF approach has been tested in India and describes a project to apply EF methodology to the upper Ganga.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
DSD-INT 2019 A new hydrological modelling framework for the Rhine - van Osnab...Deltares
Presentation by Bart van Osnabrugge, Wageningen University and Deltares, at the wflow - User Day (Developments in distributed hydrological modelling), during Delft Software Days - Edition 2019. Friday, 08 November 2019, Delft.
Rethinking water storage for agricultural adaptation to climate change in sub Saharan Africa.
Dr. Matthew McCartney and Dr. Irit Eguavoen
Tropentag Conference on International Research on Food Security, Natural Resource Management and Rural Development
Tropentag ,Zürich, 16 September 2010
Head
Water must fall from a higher elevation to a lower one to release its stored energy.
The difference between these elevations (the water levels in the forebay and the tailbay) is called head Dams:
three categories
high-head (800 or more feet)
medium-head (100 to 800 feet)
low-head (less than 100 feet)
Power is proportional to the product of head x flow
Presented by Vladimir Smakhtin at the Ministry of Water Resources, New Delhi, India, November 4, 2014.
The flows of India’s rivers are increasingly being modified by dams and weirs and abstractions for agriculture and urban use. These interventions have caused significant alteration of flow regimes mainly by reducing total flow and affecting its variability and seasonality. An Environmental Flow (EF) is the water regime provided within a river, wetland or coastal zone to maintain ecosystems and their benefits. Environmental Flows describe the quantity, quality and timing of water flows required to sustain freshwater and estuarine ecosystems and the human livelihoods and well-being that depend on these ecosystems. This presentation looks at how the EF approach has been tested in India and describes a project to apply EF methodology to the upper Ganga.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
DSD-INT 2019 A new hydrological modelling framework for the Rhine - van Osnab...Deltares
Presentation by Bart van Osnabrugge, Wageningen University and Deltares, at the wflow - User Day (Developments in distributed hydrological modelling), during Delft Software Days - Edition 2019. Friday, 08 November 2019, Delft.
Rethinking water storage for agricultural adaptation to climate change in sub Saharan Africa.
Dr. Matthew McCartney and Dr. Irit Eguavoen
Tropentag Conference on International Research on Food Security, Natural Resource Management and Rural Development
Tropentag ,Zürich, 16 September 2010
Head
Water must fall from a higher elevation to a lower one to release its stored energy.
The difference between these elevations (the water levels in the forebay and the tailbay) is called head Dams:
three categories
high-head (800 or more feet)
medium-head (100 to 800 feet)
low-head (less than 100 feet)
Power is proportional to the product of head x flow
Presented by: Paul Watkiss
SESSION V: PLENARY – TECHNICAL METHODS
This plenary session will introduce the participants to the climate change impacts under the context of the less than 2 °C global temperature limit, and the data, methods and tools for assessing climate risks and vulnerabilities in this context. It will also provide latest approaches on economic appraisal for the formulation and implementation of NAPs, methods and tools and reflections on the science-policy interaction. It will end with a talk on how best to utilize information and communication technologies (ICTs) to support adaptation planning and implementation.
Methods and tools for adaptation appraisal in agriculture and assessing crop ...NAP Events
Presented by: Claudius Caezar Gabinete
3.1 Technical guidance on NAPs
The session will take the participants through the technical guidance for NAPs, including: NAP guidelines, guiding principles for adaptation under the Convention, and subsequent products developed by the LEG such as the sample NAP process. It will further look detailed aspects on undertaking assessments by going through best available methods and tools for assessing for assessing crop production as an example. Countries will further provide practical experiences in applying the guidance in the formulation of their NAPs.
Extreme Weather Resiliency and Climate Adaptation Through Strategic Asset Man...Robert Muir
Natural Environment Climate Change Summit, Extreme Weather Resiliency and Climate Adaptation Through Strategic Asset Management & Infrastructure Investments, Robert J. Muir, M.A.Sc., P.Eng., Manager, Stormwater, City of Markham, March 7, 2019, Ajax, Ontario
The presentation explores the drivers for cost efficiency assessment infrastructure investments including those to mitigate flooding due to extreme weather and future climate change impacts on high intensity rainfall that contributes to urban flooding. Flood risk factors including severe rainfall trends are explored as well as hydrologic stresses due to urbanization and design standard evolution. Measures to reduce flooding in the City of Markham are explored using benefit cost analysis in the context of its comprehensive city-wide Flood Control Program. The program includes many projects that demonstrate a high return on investment (ROI) for flood risk reduction, making them eligible for Infrastructure Canada's Disaster Mitigation Adaptation Fund (DMAF) grant funding. An evaluation of risk management strategies is presented that includes traditional grey infrastructure engineering solutions such as sewer capacity upgrades, and emerging green infrastructure strategies including engineered and enhanced assets (e.g., bioswales, rain gardens, infiltration trenches, GSI). The strategies take a holistic, system-wide approach to evaluating benefits and lifecycle costs, including initial capital on on-going operation and maintenance costs. The analysis will be presented a t the annual Water Environment Association of Ontario conference in 2019 in Toronto, Ontario. A link to the paper material is presented here: https://www.cityfloodmap.com/2019/03/an-economic-analysis-of-green-v-grey.html
Similar to Hydropower Siting, Design, Operations in Changing Climate (20)
Trans-disciplinary science to impact tropical forest landscapes - Jeff Sayer, University of British Columbia. Measuring the Impact of Integrated Systems Research (September 27, 2021 – September 30, 2021). Three-day virtual workshop co hosted by the CGIAR Research Programs on Water Land and Ecosystems (WLE); Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA); Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM); and SPIA, the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment of the CGIAR. The workshop took stock of existing and new methodological developments of monitoring, evaluation and impact assessment work, and discussed which are suitable to evaluate and assess complex, integrated systems research.
Theory-Based Approaches for Assessing the Impact of Integrated Systems Research - Brian Belcher, Royal Roads University. Measuring the Impact of Integrated Systems Research (September 27, 2021 – September 30, 2021). Three-day virtual workshop co hosted by the CGIAR Research Programs on Water Land and Ecosystems (WLE); Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA); Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM); and SPIA, the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment of the CGIAR. The workshop took stock of existing and new methodological developments of monitoring, evaluation and impact assessment work, and discussed which are suitable to evaluate and assess complex, integrated systems research.
Challenges and opportunities for using remote sensing data - Kathy Baylis, University of California, Santa Barbara. Measuring the Impact of Integrated Systems Research (September 27, 2021 – September 30, 2021). Three-day virtual workshop co hosted by the CGIAR Research Programs on Water Land and Ecosystems (WLE); Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA); Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM); and SPIA, the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment of the CGIAR. The workshop took stock of existing and new methodological developments of monitoring, evaluation and impact assessment work, and discussed which are suitable to evaluate and assess complex, integrated systems research.
Reviewing the evidence on implementation and long-term impact of integrated landscape approaches - James Reed, CIFOR. Measuring the Impact of Integrated Systems Research (September 27, 2021 – September 30, 2021). Three-day virtual workshop co hosted by the CGIAR Research Programs on Water Land and Ecosystems (WLE); Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA); Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM); and SPIA, the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment of the CGIAR. The workshop took stock of existing and new methodological developments of monitoring, evaluation and impact assessment work, and discussed which are suitable to evaluate and assess complex, integrated systems research.
Some musings on evaluating the impacts of integrated systems research - Karl Hughes, PIM. Measuring the Impact of Integrated Systems Research (September 27, 2021 – September 30, 2021). Three-day virtual workshop co hosted by the CGIAR Research Programs on Water Land and Ecosystems (WLE); Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA); Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM); and SPIA, the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment of the CGIAR. The workshop took stock of existing and new methodological developments of monitoring, evaluation and impact assessment work, and discussed which are suitable to evaluate and assess complex, integrated systems research.
What makes impact research challenging? What have been done so far? Results from CGIAR research - Natalia Estrada Carmona. Measuring the Impact of Integrated Systems Research (September 27, 2021 – September 30, 2021). Three-day virtual workshop co hosted by the CGIAR Research Programs on Water Land and Ecosystems (WLE); Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA); Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM); and SPIA, the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment of the CGIAR. The workshop took stock of existing and new methodological developments of monitoring, evaluation and impact assessment work, and discussed which are suitable to evaluate and assess complex, integrated systems research.
Use of Qualitative Approaches for Impact Assessments of Integrated Systems Research: Our Experience - Monica Biradavolu, SPIA. Measuring the Impact of Integrated Systems Research (September 27, 2021 – September 30, 2021). Three-day virtual workshop co hosted by the CGIAR Research Programs on Water Land and Ecosystems (WLE); Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA); Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM); and SPIA, the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment of the CGIAR. The workshop took stock of existing and new methodological developments of monitoring, evaluation and impact assessment work, and discussed which are suitable to evaluate and assess complex, integrated systems research.
FTA’s experience in measuring impacts of research on integrated systems - Vincent Gitz, FTA. Measuring the Impact of Integrated Systems Research (September 27, 2021 – September 30, 2021). Three-day virtual workshop co hosted by the CGIAR Research Programs on Water Land and Ecosystems (WLE); Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA); Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM); and SPIA, the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment of the CGIAR. The workshop took stock of existing and new methodological developments of monitoring, evaluation and impact assessment work, and discussed which are suitable to evaluate and assess complex, integrated systems research.
Measuring the impact of integrated systems research
Panel Speakers: Vincent Gitz, Natalia Estrada Estrada Carmona, Monica Biradavolu and Karl Hughes. Measuring the Impact of Integrated Systems Research (September 27, 2021 – September 30, 2021). Three-day virtual workshop co hosted by the CGIAR Research Programs on Water Land and Ecosystems (WLE); Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA); Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM); and SPIA, the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment of the CGIAR. The workshop took stock of existing and new methodological developments of monitoring, evaluation and impact assessment work, and discussed which are suitable to evaluate and assess complex, integrated systems research.
Why does OneCGIAR need Integrated Systems Research? - Holger Meinke, University of Tasmania & ISDC. Measuring the Impact of Integrated Systems Research (September 27, 2021 – September 30, 2021). Three-day virtual workshop co hosted by the CGIAR Research Programs on Water Land and Ecosystems (WLE); Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA); Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM); and SPIA, the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment of the CGIAR. The workshop took stock of existing and new methodological developments of monitoring, evaluation and impact assessment work, and discussed which are suitable to evaluate and assess complex, integrated systems research.
Agronomic advances for understanding soil health
By Job Kihara, Agronomist, Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT
Innovations in soil health monitoring for nature and people
From Research to Resilience
WLE webinar series
October 28, 2021
Innovations in Soil Health Monitoring: Combining Systematic Field Assessments with Spectroscopy and Earth Observation
By Leigh Ann Winowiecki, WLE/CIFOR-ICRAF
Innovations in soil health monitoring for nature and people
From Research to Resilience
WLE webinar series
October 28, 2021
By Padmaja Ravula
Senior Scientist – Sociologist, Gender and Nutrition Research
Global Research Program: Enabling Systems Transformation Cluster: Gender and Youth
Securing inclusive land restoration
From Research to Resilience
WLE webinar series
October 25, 2021
By Ermias Betemariam, Land Health Scientist, World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
Securing inclusive land restoration
From Research to Resilience
WLE webinar series
October 25, 2021
By Deepa Joshi, Gender, Youth and Inclusion Lead, WLE (IWMI)
Securing inclusive land restoration
From Research to Resilience
WLE webinar series
October 25, 2021
By Fabrice DeClerck, Science Director, EAT Forum & Senior Scientist, Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT
Boosting synergies and managing trade-offs in food systems
From Research to Resilience
WLE webinar series
October 21, 2021
Sustainable management of commons to boost synergies: A case study on India
By Wei Zhang, Senior Research Fellow, International Food Policy Research Institute
Boosting synergies and managing trade-offs in food systems
From Research to Resilience
WLE webinar series
October 21, 2021
Building climate resilience across scales
participatory – farmer-led – community action
By Sander Zwart, IWMI
Managing water for climate adaptation and mitigation
From Research to Resilience
WLE webinar series
October 19, 2021
Lessons learnt towards building pathways for innovation: India
By Apoorve Khandelwal, CEEW India
Innovation investment for impact
From Research to Resilience
WLE webinar series
October 14, 2021
Mining the Gaps: Mapping The Research on Small Farms in the Global South
By Jaron Porciello, Cornell University
Innovation investment for impact
From Research to Resilience
WLE webinar series
October 14, 2021
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
3. Hydropower
Si,ng,
Design
and
Opera,ons
in
a
Changing
Climate
(for
2015
Greater
Mekong
Forum
on
Water,
Food
and
Energy)
Dondej
Tungtakanpoung,
PhD.
dondejt@yahoo.com
Session
1
Range
of
Si,ng,
Design
and
Opera,ons
Op,ons
Session
4
Planning
Resilient
Hydropower
under
Uncertainty
4. WHAT
ARE
THE
MAIN
SITING
OPTIONS
IN
A
HYDROPOWER
SYSTEM?
WHAT
ARE
THE
MAIN
DESIGN
OPTIONS
FOR
A
HYDROPOWER
STATION?
WHAT
ARE
THE
MAIN
OPERATIONAL
OPTIONS
FOR
A
RESERVOIR
HYDROPOWER
STATION?
HOW
ARE
CHOICES
AMONGST
THESE
OPTIONS
INFLUENCED
BY
CLIMATE
CHANGE?
Session
3.1
Range
of
Si,ng,
Design
and
Opera,ons
Op,ons
Overview
Session
3.1.
5. Important
aspects
for siting
How large is the
overall expected
power demand?
Which reaches or
tributaries have
the best
conditions
Are there any
factors that
exclude reaches
or tributaries
from?
Is there a choice
between building
one large station
instead of several
small projects?
Can stations
support each
other in their
operations?
What other water
uses besides
hydropower exist
in the area?
11. Module
3.
Hydropower
Si,ng,
Design
and
Opera,ons
in
a
Changing
Climate
Session
3.4
Planning
Resilient
Hydropower
Under
Uncertainty
12. WHAT
ARE
THE
MAIN
TOOLS
FOR
HYDROPOWER
PLANNING?
HOW
SHOULD
PLANNING
TOOLS
BE
ADAPTED?
HOW
DO
DIFFERENT
ADAPTATION
AND
DECISION-‐
MAKING
APPROACHES
APPLY
TO
HYDROPOWER?
Overview
Session
3.4.
17. • Masterplan
• Electricity
genera<on
expansion
plan
• Strategic
environmental
assessment
• River
basin
development
plan
• Project
iden<fica<on
/
pre-‐feasibility
study
• Feasibility
study
(some<mes
with
mul<ple
sub-‐studies,
such
as
hydrological
studies
etc.)
• Detailed
design
• Environmental
and
social
impact
assessment
• Environmental
and
social
management
plan
• Sustainability
assessment
• Construc<on
plan
• Opera<ons
plan
Planning
Tools
18. • Average
flow
dura<on
curve
as
basis
for
the
average
annual
genera<on
and
determina<on
of
the
op<mal
design
discharge
• Flow
dura<on
curve
of
the
driest
year
on
record
for
the
sensi<vity
analysis
(to
check
whether
debt
can
be
serviced
even
during
droughts)
• Correc<on
factors
considering
quality
of
flow
data
(to
assess
the
sensi,vity
against
varia,ons
of
water
availability
and
the
influence
of
missing
or
vague
data)
• Environmental
flow
requirement
• Es<mated
flood
events
and
water
levels
(for
safe
design
of
hydraulic
structures)
Standard
deliverables
of
a
hydrological
study
for
a
small
project
19. EIAs
under
climate
change
• Climate
change
is
likely
to
affect
the
environment
and
social
condi<ons
in
the
project
area.
• Project
impacts
which
are
acceptable
in
today‘s
environment
may
not
be
acceptable
in
a
future
environment.
• Project
impacts
may
be
cumula<ve
with
impacts
of
climate
change.
• Climate
change
may
limit
the
poten<al
of
the
project
to
deliver
posi<ve
impacts.
20. Predic,on
oriented
approaches
to
adapta<on
focus
on
characterizing,
reducing,
managing
and
communica<ng
uncertainty,
resul<ng
in
increasing
sophis,cated
modelling
tools
and
techniques
to
describe
future
climates
and
impacts.
Resilience
oriented
approaches
to
adapta<on
are
accep<ng
that
some
uncertain<es
cannot
be
reduced,
and
emphasize
learning
from
experience.
Predic,on
and
resilience
oriented
design
22. Interconnec<on
of
systems
• to
provide
addi<onal
backup
for
changing
regional
condi<ons.
Incremental
construc<on
• where
possible
and
economically
feasible
(e.g.,
a
number
of
small
systems
rather
than
one
large
one)
to
allow
for
adapta<on
to
changing
circumstances.
Choice
of
robust
designs
• in
which
the
chosen
design
will
be
fairly
good
under
a
wide
range
of
outcomes
rather
than
op<mal
under
one
outcome.
Postponement
of
irreversible
(or
very
costly
to
reverse)
decisions.
Use
of
a
range
of
formal
decision
techniques,
including
scenario
analysis,
sensi<vity
analysis,
and
others.
Designing
for
extreme
condi<ons
Standard water resource planning recommendations
under climate change (I)
23. Standard
water
resource
planning
recommenda,ons
under
climate
change
(II)
Development
of
non-‐
structural
measures
such
as
warning
systems.
Flood
and
storm
warning
systems
(inland
and
coastal)
can
be
used
to
adjust
to
the
risks
and
uncertain<es
of
flooding.
Preserva<on
of
ecosystems
As
an
adjustment
to
uncertainty,
areas
can
be
reserved
to
protect
against
the
uncertain
effects
of
climate
change
on
ecosystems
There is as yet
very little
documented
experience in
the application of
these principles
to hydropower
planning
25. How
could
si,ng
be
influenced
by
climate
change?
Group
Work
–
review
typical
si<ng
considera<ons:
-‐ How
large
is
the
overall
expected
power
demand?
Base
load
or
peak
load?
-‐ Which
reaches
or
tributaries
have
the
best
condi<ons
(large
&
regular
flow,
steep
topography)?
-‐ Are
there
any
factors
that
exclude
reaches/tributaries
from
considera<on
(unstable
geology,
lack
of
access,
protected
areas
etc.)?
-‐ Is
there
one
site
where
a
large
sta<on
could
be
built,
instead
of
several
small
ones?
-‐ Is
there
any
logical
sequence
in
which
sta<ons
should
be
built?
-‐ Can
sta<ons
support
each
other
in
their
opera<ons?
-‐ If
there
are
other
water
uses
besides
hydropower:
How
much
storage
space
do
they
require,
where
are
the
loca<ons
with
storage
capaci<es,
and
are
their
storage
requirements
going
to
be
compa<ble
with
hydropower
opera<ons?