Hydrogels are three-dimensional network of hydrophilic cross-linked polymer that do not dissolve but can swell in water or can respond to the fluctuations of the environmental stimuli
Hydrogels are highly absorbent (they can contain over 90% water) natural or synthetic polymeric networks
Hydrogels also possess a degree of flexibility very similar to natural tissue, due to their significant water content
Hydrogels are three-dimensional network of hydrophilic cross-linked polymer that do not dissolve but can swell in water or can respond to the fluctuations of the environmental stimuli
Hydrogels are highly absorbent (they can contain over 90% water) natural or synthetic polymeric networks
Hydrogels also possess a degree of flexibility very similar to natural tissue, due to their significant water content
this ppt is about hydrogel.A hydrogel is a three-dimensional(3D) network of hydrophilic polymers that can swell in water and hold a large amount of water while maintaining the structure due to chemical or physical cross-linking of individual polymer chains. applications Flexibility of hydrogels, which is because of their water content, makes it possible to use them in different condition ranging from industrial to biological fields
Hydrogels,
introduction,
historical background,
properties,
classification,
difference between chemical and physical hydrogels,
common uses,
pharmaceutical applications,
preparation methods,
list of monomers used,
analytical machines,
advantages,
disadvantages,
conclusion
Different types of methods can be used for the preparation of Magnetic Nanoparticles, their advantages and disadvantages and applications of the materials in various fields are given in the presentation
this ppt is about hydrogel.A hydrogel is a three-dimensional(3D) network of hydrophilic polymers that can swell in water and hold a large amount of water while maintaining the structure due to chemical or physical cross-linking of individual polymer chains. applications Flexibility of hydrogels, which is because of their water content, makes it possible to use them in different condition ranging from industrial to biological fields
Hydrogels,
introduction,
historical background,
properties,
classification,
difference between chemical and physical hydrogels,
common uses,
pharmaceutical applications,
preparation methods,
list of monomers used,
analytical machines,
advantages,
disadvantages,
conclusion
Different types of methods can be used for the preparation of Magnetic Nanoparticles, their advantages and disadvantages and applications of the materials in various fields are given in the presentation
Needleless electrospun nanofibers containing microcapsules: a methodology for...IJERA Editor
The present paper investigates the facile production of electrospun polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers containing either micro-sized polymer or hybrid capsules, using a needleless electrospinning system. Oilcontaining microcapsules with diameters of around 3 or 10 µm, respectively, were produced via an oil-in-water miniemulsion and mixed with a PVA solution. Appropriate adjustment of electrospinning parameters enabled a controlled assembly of PVA nanofibers into a network containing microcapsules, without damaging their integrity. The PVA nanofibers have diameters in a range of 200-300 nm and showed good homogeneity. The introduction of microcapsules caused an increase in the PVA nanofiber diameters probably due to an increase in the solution viscosity. The production of such self-supported and loaded microcontainers could be of high interest for various applications.
Nanogels are innovative drug delivery system that can play an integral part in pointing out many issues related to old and modern courses of treatment such as nonspecific effects and poor stability.
Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose Nanofibers From Coconut Coir FibersIOSR Journals
Cellulose nanofibers were isolated from coconut coir fibers by chemical treatment using alkaline, mineral acids and inorganic salts, followed by mechanical treatment and disintegration methods like sonication, cryo crushing and dissolution. The size and morphology of cellulose nanofibers were investigated by using the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). The width of synthesized cellulose nanofibers investigated by the FESEM was around 30 nm to 90 nm and few microns in length. Elemental analysis of cellulose nano fibers were confirmed with the Energy Dispersive Analysis (EDS) results. XRD study was conducted for the crystalline property of cellulose nanofibers synthesized from coconut coir fibers using standard microcrystalline cellulose as reference. FT-IR spectra confirmed the presence of hydroxyl groups, C-H bond and the C-O-C groups in the synthesized cellulose nanofibers. The cellulose nano fibers were successfully utilized in the preparation of transparent thin film, filtration and water treatment.
Characterization of Electrospun Nafion-Poly Acrylic Acid Membranes, Breakthro...drboon
Problem statement: In this paper we focus on discussing the mechanical properties of electrospun Nafion-PAA membranes. Approach: We prepared solutions of varying composition ratios of Nafion and PAA in order to create the membranes using the electrospinning process. After the confection of the membranes they were studied using SEM Microscopy and various methods of mechanical properties determination. Results: Results have determined that the 80%Nafion/20%PAA heat treated post compacted membranes have the best water uptake. Conclusion: The membranes produced are superior to those commercially produced in regards to water uptake, especially those of Order 1.
Hydrogels are cross-linked, three dimensional, hydrophilic polymeric networks with the ability to hold large amount of water within its porous structure.
DNA and RNA Structure
Central Dogma of Life
Protein Engineering (Brief)
Introduction to microRNA (miRNA)
History of miRNA
Biogenesis of miRNA
Conservation of miRNA
Impact of miRNA
miRNA Therapy
Conclusion
The initiation of The Hadoop Apache Hive began in 2007 by Facebook due to its data growth.
This ETL system began to fail over few years as more people joined Facebook.
In August 2008, Facebook decided to move to scalable a more scalable open-source Hadoop environment; Hive
Facebook, Netflix and Amazons support the Apache Hive SQL now known as the HiveQL
Tissue Engineering is the reconstruction of cells to differential cell into the desired tissue or organ in an attempt to improve their structural functions.
Regenerative medicine is an aspect of tissue engineering that uses bioengineering principles to solve healthcare challenges using new innovative ideas, methods and mode of synthesis of different biomaterials construct.
Tissue Regenerative Medicine uses scaffolding development to guide cells into differentiating in to desired tissue or organ.
Scaffolding provides an extracellular matrix for the cells, this extracellular matrix serve and act as the guides for their proper differentiation. (Hynes R.O, 2009)
Other Emerging fields; Protein / Genetic / Clinical Engineering
The Skeletal and Muscular System works together to achieve the great
Success of mechanics.
Malfunction or Dysfunction of this systems can be monitored by proper diagnostics tool with the help of biomedicine.
Treatment, Therapy, and Rehabilitation methods have been developed by bioengineers to enhance the success of these systems where failure is observed.
BME students (US) and researches are working, reading, researching and experimenting tirelessly for the greater success of our failing systems.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
HOT NEW PRODUCT! BIG SALES FAST SHIPPING NOW FROM CHINA!! EU KU DB BK substit...GL Anaacs
Contact us if you are interested:
Email / Skype : kefaya1771@gmail.com
Threema: PXHY5PDH
New BATCH Ku !!! MUCH IN DEMAND FAST SALE EVERY BATCH HAPPY GOOD EFFECT BIG BATCH !
Contact me on Threema or skype to start big business!!
Hot-sale products:
NEW HOT EUTYLONE WHITE CRYSTAL!!
5cl-adba precursor (semi finished )
5cl-adba raw materials
ADBB precursor (semi finished )
ADBB raw materials
APVP powder
5fadb/4f-adb
Jwh018 / Jwh210
Eutylone crystal
Protonitazene (hydrochloride) CAS: 119276-01-6
Flubrotizolam CAS: 57801-95-3
Metonitazene CAS: 14680-51-4
Payment terms: Western Union,MoneyGram,Bitcoin or USDT.
Deliver Time: Usually 7-15days
Shipping method: FedEx, TNT, DHL,UPS etc.Our deliveries are 100% safe, fast, reliable and discreet.
Samples will be sent for your evaluation!If you are interested in, please contact me, let's talk details.
We specializes in exporting high quality Research chemical, medical intermediate, Pharmaceutical chemicals and so on. Products are exported to USA, Canada, France, Korea, Japan,Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries.
2. Outline
Fun Fact
Introduction
Hydrogel
Nanocomposite hydrogels (NCHs)
Types / Classification of NCHs
Synthesis of NCHs
Characterization Techniques
NCHs for Biomedical Applications
Conclusion
Future directions
3. Fun Fact
• In the early 1950s Otto and Lím from the Prague(Czechoslovakia) Institute of Chemical
Technology initiated a research program to design polymers for medical use (shape-
chemical-biochemical stability, high permeability & tissue mimicry).
• Lím worked tirelessly using Polyvinylalcohol and after about a year, Lím by chance
identified a novel hydrogel material while synthesizing the tri ethylene glycol di
methacrylate monomer by acid catalyzed trans-esterification of methyl methacrylate with tri
ethylene glycol.
• One day Lím had to catch the train to his home, so he stopped the reaction early, and
managed to add water to separate the layers before leaving. In the morning, he noticed that
the water layer turned into a clear hydrogel overnight
4. Introduction
Since then, the use of hydrogels has extended to various biomedical and
pharmaceutical applications.
Hydrogels resemble living tissues closely in their physical properties because
of their relatively high water content , soft and rubbery consistency.
In an attempt to increase physical, chemical, electrical, biological, and
swelling/de-swelling/ (porosıty and adhesion)
We (You and I) researchers incorporate carbon-based, polymeric, ceramic
and/or metallic nanomaterials to give these hydrogels superior characteristics
like optical, mechanical, magnetic and stimulus-sensitive properties.
Very helpful to medical (especially drug delivery, regenerative medicine,
molecular imaging, stem cell engineering, implants e.t.c)
Wichterle O. Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology.
5. According to ISI Web of Science (data obtained November 2013). A steady increase in the
number of publication indicates growing interest in the field of nancomposite hydrogels.
6. Hydrogel
Water-swollen polymeric materials that maintain a distinct
three-dimensional structure.
Due to their high water content, most hydrogel structures
possess excellent biocompatibility.
Classification
natural, synthetic, hybrid hydrogels.
on the basis of nature of the crosslinking:
covalent or non-covalent (physical) gels;
homopolymer, copolymer, interpenetrating, or double networks
nanowerk.com
7. Nanocomposite Hydrogels
Nanomaterials have particles of size in order of few nanometers.
The properties of particles vary significantly in nanoscale sizes making it interesting for
various uses.
Inspired by flexible biological tissues, Nanomaterial-filled, hydrated, polymeric networks that
exhibit superior properties such as optical, electrical, magnetic, elasticity and strength,
compared to traditionally made hydrogels.
Increased Biocompatability, of various fields such as: drug delivery and stem cell engineering,
medical implants, regenerative medicine, medical imaging, medical therapy etc..
8. Types of Hydrogel Nanocomposite
Carbon-based Nanomaterials
The electrical conducting property of these hydrogels allow them to mimic the
characteristic of nerve, muscle, and cardiac tissues.
Polymeric Nanoparticles
Tailored for drug delivery and tissue engineering with the presence
Inorganic Nanoparticles
Most inorganic nanoparticles used for nanocomposite hydrogels are already
present in and necessary for the body and therefore do not present any negative
impacts on the body.
Metal and Metal-Oxide Nanoparticles
The electrical and thermal conductivity and magnetic property of metals
enhance the electrical conductivity and antibacterial property of nanocomposite
hydrogels when incorporated.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanocomposite_hydrogels
9. Hydrogel polymer synthesis
Firstly, monomers were dissolved in deionized water at the desired mole ratios in
cylindrical glass tubes and PEG (5% w/w of total monomer weight) was added to this
aqueous monomer solution.
Then, initiator (1% w/w of total monomer weight) and crosslinking agent (5% w/w of
total monomer weight) were also directly added.
After sealing the mouth of these tubes with rubber caps, the solution was purged with
nitrogen gas for 30 min and the polymerization reaction was performed at 80 °C for 3 h.
At the end of the reaction, the glass tubes were carefully broken and hydrogels were cut
into discs 10 mm in length.
These hydrogel discs were immersed in deionized water at room temperature for 72 h.
During this time, the water was replaced once a day with fresh distilled water in order to
remove residual monomer.
Afterwards, hydrogels were dried in an oven at 50 °C. Dried pure hydrogels were used
for preparation of hydrogel-silver nanocomposites.
Bali A. Et all
PEG polymer as an example
10. Hydrogel Nanocomposite Synthesis
Firstly, dry pure hydrogel discs (50 mg) were completely swollen in distilled water for 2
days
Then the freshly swollen hydrogels were equilibrated in 30 mL of aqueous AgNO3
solution (2g/L, 0.012 mol/L) for 24 hours.
After removing the excess of AgNO3 solution from the surface of the swollen hydrogels
with filter paper,
The silver salt loaded hydrogels (HS) were immersed in 50 mL of NaBH4 solution
(2g/L, 0.053 mol/L) for 24 hours to reduce the absorbed silver ion (Ag+) in the hydrogel
structure to metallic silver nanoparticles (Ago).
The formation of the silver nanoparticles in the hydrogel structure was observed by the
appearance of a brown color
Silver Nanocomposite as an example
Bali A. Et all
20. Conclusion
The introduction of nanocomposites into hydrogel polymers
allows mimicking of the complex tissues and hopefuly organ.
Vast diverstiy of applications requires a perfect combination
of techniques to achieve desired novel material.
Read more see more…
21. Future Persperctive
Integration of suitable biological cues within the hydrogel at the
nano scales may provide them with biological features, thus
leading to an increasingly detailed design of the biomaterial to
be used in the field of cell/drug delivery and tissue engineering.
Stem cell engineering especially at the embryo level is a
promising field of regenerative medicine that will greatly aid the
succes of Nanocomposite hydrogel.
23. List of References
http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=35162.php
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanocomposite_hydrogels
Wichterle O. Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology. In: Mark HF, Gaylord NG, Bikales N, editors. Interscience.
Vol. 15. New York, NY: 1971. pp. 273–291.
Song, Fangfang; Li, Xiaoqiong; Wang, Qun; Liao, Liqiong; Zhang, Chao. "Nanocomposite Hydrogels and Their Applications
in Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering“. Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 11 (1): 40–52. doi:10.1166/jbn.2015.1962
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanocomposite_hydrogels
The swelling behaviour of thermoresponsive hydrogel/silica nanoparticle composites
Ilke Anac, Robert F. Roskamp, Markus Retsch, Ulrich Jonas, Bernhard Menges and Jon A. Preece
Gaharwar A.K., Arpanaei A., Andresen T.L., Dolatshahi-Pirouz A.*, “3D Biomaterial Microarrays for Regenerative Medicine:
Current state-of-the-art, Emerging Directions and Future Trends”, Advanced Materials,DOI: 10.1002/adma.201503918 2016
http://people.tamu.edu/~gaharwar/Publications.html
Dr. Nermin Seda Kehr, Eko Ai Prasetyantoi Kathrin Benson, Bahar Ergün, anzhela Galstyani Prof. Hans –Joachim Galla;
Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica-Based Nanocomposite Hydrogels as Three Dimensional Scaffolds
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00396-008-1949-0#page-1