The document discusses factors that motivate students to learn. It identifies goals, values, and expectancies as important concepts. Specifically, it notes that students are motivated when they see the subjective value and relevance of learning goals, and have positive expectations for success based on effective study strategies and opportunities to experience early success. The document provides strategies for teachers to establish value and build students' positive expectancies.

1. How Learning Works
Chapter 3
What Factors Motivate Students
to Learn?

2. What Factors Motivate Students to
Learn?
•
“Students’ motivation generates, directs,
and sustains what they do to learn”
(p.69).
– If students are not interested in the
course content, they will zone out or see
no value in understanding
– If students don’t think they will be
successful, they probably wont do to a
self-fulfilling prophecy

3. What Factors Motivate Students to
Learn?
•
Two important concepts that are critical
in motivating a students ability to learn:
– Subjective value of their overall goal
– Expectations for obtaining a specific goal

4. What Factors Motivate Students to
Learn?
•
Goals
– Performance goals: protecting a desired
image
• Performance-approach goal: focus on
attaining competence by meeting
standard
• Performance-avoidant goal: avoiding
incompetence by meeting standards
– Learning goal: trying to learn what is taught
– Work-avoidant goal: showing little interest
– Affective goal: engaged in stimulating activity
– Social goal: making friends

5. What Factors Motivate Students to
Learn?
•
Values
– Attainment value
– Intrinsic value
– Instrumental value

6. What Factors Motivate Students to
Learn?
•
Expectancies
– Outcome expectancies
– Efficacy expectancies

7. What Factors Motivate Students to
Learn?
•
Strategies to Established Value
– Connect the material to students’ interest
– Provide authentic, real-world tasks
– Show relevance to students current
academic lives
– Demonstrate the relevance of higher level
skills to students’ future professional lives
– Identify and reward what you value
– Show your own passion and enthusiasm
for the discipline

8. What Factors Motivate Students to
Learn?
•
Strategies that help students build positive
expectancies
– Provide flexibility and control
– Identify an appropriate level of challenge
– Describe effective study strategies
– Provide early success opportunities
– Provide rubrics
– Be fair

9. What Factors Motivate Students to
Learn?
•
Summary
– There are many different variables that
influence a students ability to be
motivated
– If possible, try to have multiple and
diverse goals that may not match with
yours

10. What Factors Motivate Students to
Learn?
•
Summary
– There are many different variables that
influence a students ability to be
motivated
– If possible, try to have multiple and
diverse goals that may not match with
yours