How bjt does amplification?
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This document provides an overview of using a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) to amplify a signal voltage source. It first discusses the general idea and large signal characteristics of a BJT. It then explains that directly applying a voltage signal to a BJT would not work for amplification. The solution is to convert the voltage signal to a current signal using a resistor. However, simply passing this current through another resistor also does not produce amplification. The key is that a BJT can amplify current due to electron-hole recombination effects within its structure. The document goes on to describe in detail how a BJT can be used in a common base amplifier configuration to successfully amplify an input signal voltage.
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Chapter 4 bjt
The given circuit is a CB amplifier.
(a) The dc operating point or Q-point is midway between cutoff and saturation points.
Cutoff point: IC = 0, VCE = 10 V
Saturation point: IC = 2 mA, VCE = 0.2 V
Q-point: IC = 1 mA, VCE = 5 V
(b) Maximum unclipped signal is the distance between Q-point and either cutoff or saturation point.
Maximum peak-to-peak signal = Saturation point - Cutoff point
= 0.2 V - 10 V = 9.8 V
(c) For no clipping, the ac signal amplitude should be less than half of the maximum
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1. An overview of different BJT amplifier configurations - common emitter (CE), common base (CB), and common collector (CC).
2. A description of the bias point as the quiescent operating point in the active mode.
3. An analysis of the bias for a CE amplifier using a Thevenin equivalent circuit and equations for the base-emitter loop and collector-emitter loop to solve for collector current and CE voltage.
4. Guidelines for selecting resistor values in the bias network, including RB being greater than 10kΩ, RE being
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Transistor
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The study of the basics of electronics can be studied through the link http://bit.ly/2PPv0mv
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1) Biasing is important in transistors to prevent saturation or cutoff. Voltage divider bias uses resistors in a potential divider configuration to provide stable biasing.
2) In common emitter configuration, the input is between base and emitter, and output is between collector and emitter. The input characteristics show base current vs base-emitter voltage, and output characteristics show collector current vs collector-emitter voltage.
3) A document describing an electronics assignment covering topics on transistor biasing circuits, characteristics, and configurations. Diagrams and equations are provided as answers to questions.
Aec ppt2
THIS PPT i.e Analog Electronic Circuit (AEC) covered all the module i.e all the portion of this subject,module 1 all biasing technique of BJT And FET D.C. Analysis,stabilization technique,
Module 2 Ac analysis
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Chapter 4 bjt
The given circuit is a CB amplifier.
(a) The dc operating point or Q-point is midway between cutoff and saturation points.
Cutoff point: IC = 0, VCE = 10 V
Saturation point: IC = 2 mA, VCE = 0.2 V
Q-point: IC = 1 mA, VCE = 5 V
(b) Maximum unclipped signal is the distance between Q-point and either cutoff or saturation point.
Maximum peak-to-peak signal = Saturation point - Cutoff point
= 0.2 V - 10 V = 9.8 V
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1. An overview of different BJT amplifier configurations - common emitter (CE), common base (CB), and common collector (CC).
2. A description of the bias point as the quiescent operating point in the active mode.
3. An analysis of the bias for a CE amplifier using a Thevenin equivalent circuit and equations for the base-emitter loop and collector-emitter loop to solve for collector current and CE voltage.
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The study of the basics of electronics can be studied through the link http://bit.ly/2PPv0mv
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Bjt
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I presented this slid in my last presentation about bipolar junction transistor configuration.Now I'm sharing this with all of you guys it can be helpful for you.
Look at the beautiful view of forgiveness of mistakes.
Thank you
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Presentation on bjt configuration
I presented this slid in my last presentation about bipolar junction transistor configuration.Now I'm sharing this with all of you guys it can be helpful for you.
Look at the beautiful view of forgiveness of mistakes.
Thank you
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ENGR 1201Final ProjectOperational Amplifier .docx
ENGR 1201
Final Project
Operational Amplifier
Jennifer Medina
Bao Tr
May 8, 2015
What is an Operational Amplifier?
An operational amplifier is fundamentally a voltage amplifying device designed to be used with external feedback components such as resistors and capacitors between its output and input terminals. These feedback components determine the resulting function or operation of the amplifier and by virtue of the different feedback configurations whether resistive, capacitive or both, the amplifier can perform a variety of different operations, giving rise to its name of Operational Amplifier. In our project, we used three terminal device which consists of two high impedance inputs, one called inverting input that is marked as a negative or a minus (-), and the other one that is positive that is called non-inverting input that is marked with a plus or positive sign (+). The third terminal represent the Operational Amplifier output port which can both sink either voltage or a current in our case we used voltage.
Objective:
The objective of this project is to understand exactly how a basic operational amplifiers works. Also, to be able to read basic electrical circuits.
Apparatus used:
Resistors, connecting wires, batteries, digital oscilloscope, voltmeter, an electronic learning lab, speaker, connecting cables, DC power supply, capacitors, and a bug.
Concepts
· Voltage – Voltage “in” and Voltage “out”
· Current – Current “in” and Current “out”
· Trans conductance – Voltage “in” and Current “out”
· Trans resistance – Current “in” and Voltage “out”
· Resistor
· Battery
· Ground
· /
· Wave graph
The presented circuit diagrams where the ones use for the project.
Circuit diagram #1
V DD
Vout
Rin
Vin
RF
VDD
Vout
Vin
Rin
RF
Circuit diagram#2
Vin
V out
RF
Rin
AC
source
8
6
3
5
7
2
4
1
Data:
This image we see the actual circuit done in the electronic learning lab. This match exactly with our circuits shown before.
These second images we can see a picture of the oscilloscope proving the theory of operational amplifiers. The yellow waves is the initial signal and the green waves are the output signal. As one can see the yellow is a very small signal compare it to the green one. The green one is inverted and has a larger amplitude, but they both have the same frequency.
In this particular image one can see what happened when we increase the RF (resistance) RF varies that is why it has a cross line in our circuit diagram #2. However, RF is just affecting the output result the input is till will be the same
In this image we increase the Voltage and we reduce the resistor, but because we did this our PK-PK also increases. This still just affect the output, the input still the same and the frequency of both channels is till the same. Something very important that happened whil ...
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This experiment aims to plot the output characteristics of a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) connected in common emitter configuration. The output current (IC) is measured at varying voltages (VCE) across different input currents (IB) to generate a family of curves showing the BJT's cutoff, active, and saturation regions. The procedure involves sweeping the DC voltage source from 0-2V and current source from 0-40uA while recording the output current to plot IC versus VCE for different values of IB.
Single stage bjt amplifier. experiment 6
This document describes the theory and experimental procedure of a single stage BJT amplifier. It discusses the three common configurations of BJT amplifiers: common emitter, common base, and common collector. The experiment aims to differentiate the configurations, measure DC and AC parameters, and observe the voltage gain differences between common emitter and common collector circuits. Key results showed the common emitter configuration amplified the signal as expected, while the common collector configuration did not amplify and had a voltage gain close to unity.
Introduction_to_Mechatronics_Chapter3.pdf
This chapter discusses semiconductor devices and motor controlling. It describes how diodes can be used for rectification to convert AC to DC. Bipolar junction transistors are also covered, including their construction, modes of operation, characteristics, and use in amplifiers. Operational amplifiers are introduced as high gain differential amplifiers. The chapter concludes with discussions of using transistors as switches to control DC motor speed through pulse-width modulation and using an H-bridge for motor direction control. Stepper motors and circuits for position and speed control are also summarized.
Circuit and analog electronics ch6
This document discusses BJT amplifiers, including:
- The basics of bipolar junction transistors including construction, modes of operation, DC and small-signal models
- Single-stage BJT amplifier configurations including common-emitter, common-base, and common-collector amplifiers
- Graphical and small-signal analysis techniques for BJT amplifiers
- Key aspects like voltage gain, input and output impedances, and frequency response are examined for each configuration
APPLICATIONS OF BJT IN CE AMPLIFIER.pptx
The document discusses transistors and BJT amplifiers. It provides information on different types of transistors including BJT and FET. It then focuses on BJT, explaining that BJTs are of two types - NPN and PNP. It discusses common emitter amplifiers, noting that they have medium voltage gain but high power gain. It also discusses the input and output characteristics of BJTs and common emitter amplifiers.
Study of Transistor Characteristics in Common Emitter Amplifier.pdf
1. The document describes an experiment to study the characteristics of a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) operating in common emitter configuration as an amplifier.
2. Key aspects of the experiment include obtaining the input characteristics by varying the base-emitter voltage at constant collector-emitter voltages and measuring the base current, and obtaining the output characteristics by varying the collector voltage at constant base currents and measuring the collector current.
3. The results are presented in tables showing voltages, currents, and calculations to determine characteristics, along with graphs plotting the input and output characteristics. Simulated data and graphs are also provided for comparison with experimental measurements.
Lec-8.pdf
The document discusses small signal analysis of BJTs. It defines small signal as an AC input signal much smaller than the thermal voltage. This allows the BJT to operate in the linear region for its entire cycle. The key points are:
1. Small signal analysis models the BJT as a voltage controlled current source with transconductance gm.
2. It derives expressions for the small signal input resistance rπ and output resistance ro.
3. It shows how to use the hybrid-π model to analyze BJT circuits, determine voltage gain, input and output impedances.
The bipolar transistor
The document discusses the bipolar junction transistor (BJT), including its history, operation, and applications. A BJT has three terminals - the base, collector, and emitter - and allows current to flow between the collector and emitter when a small base current is applied. It can be used to amplify signals and operate in different modes like active, cut-off, and saturation depending on terminal voltages. Common configurations include common base, common emitter, and common collector, which differ in their input/output impedances, current/voltage gain, and other properties. The BJT was a pivotal invention that enabled solid-state electronics and the information age.
What is A 1dB gain Compression Point.pdf
This article describes the 1dB gain compression point overview and testing.
Semiconductor devices are very bright stars in the modern electronics industry, in recent decades has been a great development, with many advantages, have been widely used in control, conversion, amplification, arithmetic, and other functional circuits, has been much favored.
Love it should accept its shortcomings, everything has its own shortcomings, and semiconductor devices are no exception. For active devices such as RF amplifiers covered in this paper, nonlinearity is one of its drawbacks.
Nonlinearity is a topic that PA, LNA, and other RF active devices can not get around, although it is unavoidable, still want to try to keep it at a relatively low level to reduce the impact on the system.
What is A 1dB gain Compression Point.pdf
This article describes the 1dB gain compression point overview and testing.
Semiconductor devices are very bright stars in the modern electronics industry, in recent decades has been a great development, with many advantages, have been widely used in control, conversion, amplification, arithmetic, and other functional circuits, has been much favored.
Love it should accept its shortcomings, everything has its own shortcomings, and semiconductor devices are no exception. For active devices such as RF amplifiers covered in this paper, nonlinearity is one of its drawbacks.
Nonlinearity is a topic that PA, LNA, and other RF active devices can not get around, although it is unavoidable, still want to try to keep it at a relatively low level to reduce the impact on the system.
There are more parameters to measure the nonlinear characteristics, of which 1dB gain compression point is usually a must-measure item.
How nonlinearity is generated, why it causes gain compression, and how to test the 1dB gain compression point will be the focus of the following section.
Project Report
1) The document describes a project using an audio signal to modulate the intensity of an LED. A summing amplifier combines the audio signal with a bias voltage to vary the LED's brightness accordingly.
2) Light from the LED falls on a phototransistor, which amplifies the signal. With headphones, the transmitted audio could be heard clearly, demonstrating successful wireless transmission.
3) While proof-of-concept was achieved, the document discusses using lasers and fiber optics to transmit signals over greater distances with higher information content.
TRANSISTORS
The document discusses the history and operation of transistors, beginning with the point-contact transistor invented in 1947 by Bardeen, Brattain, and Shockley at Bell Labs. It then covers the basic structure and types of bipolar junction transistors, including NPN and PNP, as well as their operating regions and usage as switches and amplifiers. New developments in transistor technology include 3D transistors using tri-gate designs for improved power efficiency and performance.
Aics
This document describes the design and simulation of a multi-stage operational amplifier. It begins with an introduction to operational amplifiers and their applications. It then discusses the theory of operation for ideal and real op-amps, as well as multi-stage op-amp configurations. The document outlines the objectives and specifications for the designed circuit, which is a two-stage MOS op-amp. It presents the schematic of the designed circuit and shows the analytic calculations for determining the input stage gain. Simulation results are analyzed to verify the design meets specifications for gain, bandwidth, output voltage, and other parameters.
Junior cycle science physics in action. By Theresa Lowry-Lehnen. Science Teac...
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This document provides information about electronic systems and components. It discusses the three main parts of electronic systems: input sensors, processors, and output devices. It also describes logic gates and their symbols and functions. Diagrams show how to draw circuits using common electronic components like resistors, capacitors, transistors, and relays. Applications of concepts like potential dividers and time delay circuits are explained. The document also covers lenses, ray diagrams, and uses of converging and diverging lenses in applications like cameras, magnifying glasses, and correcting vision.Similar to How bjt does amplification? (20)
Negitive Feedback in Analog IC Design 02 April 2020
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Study of Transistor Characteristics in Common Emitter Amplifier.pdf
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How bjt does amplification?
- 2. Overview • General idea for amplifying a signal voltage source. • Large signal characteristics of BJT. • Various other parameters of BJT. • Realization of the idea using a physical device (which is our BJT). • What would happen if we apply signals directly to BJT? • What would happen if we apply large signals? • Concept of Shrink and Boost (Small Signal Model) • Lets build a Common Base Amplifier (Current Buffer)
- 3. • Convert the signal voltage source into a current source and pass it through a resistor! • In doing so we must ensure that Output Power is greater than the Input Power. Input = Vs Output = Is x RL Gain = Output/Input = (Is x RL)/Vs General idea for amplifying a signal voltage source.
- 4. You might be thinking….. How to Implement this idea? How do we convert a voltage into a current? Try a resistor! Yeah, we have succeeded in converting a voltage into current
- 5. Now, how to pass this current through a resistor to get amplification? Hmm… 𝑉𝑜 = 𝑉𝑠 × 𝑅𝐿 𝑅𝐿 + 𝑅 𝐼 = 𝑉𝑠 (𝑅 𝐿 + 𝑅) Vo Vo < Vs Po < Pi Current I, has also Decreased. Output Power, Po = I x 𝑅_ Input Power, Pi = I x Vs This surely doesn’t work
- 6. Vo
- 9. Here is the Solution!!
- 10. Large signal characteristics of BJT.
- 12. PNP Transistor in Unbiased Condition
- 13. Widening of C-B Depletion Layer & Narrowing of E-B Depletion Layer
- 14. Electron-Hole Recombination at Base & Emitter holes pushed into C-B Depletion Layer
- 16. And this process continues.. (1)
- 17. And this process continues.. (2)
- 18. And this process continues.. (3)
- 19. Most Interesting Part of the Whole PPT R
- 20. Realization of the Idea
- 21. 2 Questions. 1. What would happen if we apply signals directly to BJT? 2. What would happen if we apply large signals?
- 22. Concept of Shrink and Boost (Small Signal Model) Input Operating Point
- 24. Complete Large Signal Model
- 25. Adding Signal Source to the Large Signal Model Vo
- 26. Common Base Amplifier (Current Buffer)
- 27. Thank You