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Highway
Machinery
By: Engr. Ihsanullah
ihcan@engineer.com
introduction
INTRODUCTION
• Different type of machinery is used in the
construction of roads.
• The initial cost on machinery is more, so in
mega project its use is economical but in small
works its use is uneconomical.
• The use of machinery is time saving.
2ihcan@engineer.com
introduction
The machinery use in the construction of roads are
• Road roller
• Dozer
• Grader
• Trencher
• Scraper
• Ripper
• Scarifier
• Tractor etc
3ihcan@engineer.com
• Use to
compact
the earth
(soil) by
its weight.
Road Roller
4ihcan@engineer.com
Types of road roller1. Smooth Wheeled Roller
• Its weight is up to 10 ton.
• It is the most old type of roller.
5ihcan@engineer.com
Types of road roller
2) Sheep Foot Roller
• It is use for the
compaction of
clayey soil
(cohesive soil),
where the smooth
roller can’t work.
• (Video)
6ihcan@engineer.com
Types of road roller
3) Pneumatic Tyred
Roller
• It is use to compact
bitumen.
• (Video)
7ihcan@engineer.com
Types of road roller
4) Vibratory Roller
• This produce vibration to help in compaction.
• It is suitable for granular soil.
• Other type of roller can be vibratory too.
8ihcan@engineer.com
Types of road rollerVibratory Roller
9ihcan@engineer.com
DOZER
• Dozer is used to cut and push the material.
• Spreading the material
• It is use for cleaning
• Side hill cut
• Filling ditches
• Ditching
• Snow dozing
10ihcan@engineer.com
Types of dozer1) Bull Dozer
• It is the most common type. It has a blade
• Used to push material
• Also use to level
11ihcan@engineer.com
Types of dozer
2) Angle Dozer
• it has blade
which can rotate
up to 30 degree.
• Use to push the
material to the
left or right.
12ihcan@engineer.com
Types of dozer3) Tree Dozer
• It has a special blade use for removing the
trees.
• It also can be use for ditching and spreading
material.
• (Video)
13ihcan@engineer.com
Drag
• It is use to draw material.
• Is is also drawn by ox or camel
14ihcan@engineer.com
Grader
It is use for different task.
• Making slope
• Mixing material
• Cutting soil and pavements
• Dozing snow
• Remove plants
• Ditching
• (video)
15ihcan@engineer.com
Grader
.
16ihcan@engineer.com
Drag Line
• Use for ditching, and to fill up the materials in
trucks.
• Use to make canal, and cleaning the canals.
• It may be crawler type or tyred
• It perform ditching without entering in the
ditch.
• (Video)
17ihcan@engineer.com
Drag line
18ihcan@engineer.com
Trencher
• It is use for digging for pipelines of gas, oil or
water
• (Video)
19ihcan@engineer.com
Scraper
• It is use to dig soil and transfer to other place.
• It is only for soft soil.
• It has a two parts,
• Bucket and prim mover
• (Video)
20ihcan@engineer.com
Scraper
21ihcan@engineer.com
Tractor
• It is a multi purpose machine.
• It is use for agriculture works as to draw the
trolley and pushing the material.
22ihcan@engineer.com
Types of Tractor
1) Crawler Type
Tractor
• Use for heavy works
• It is purely use for
pushing and cutting
material through
blade.
• Use in soft and
watery soil.
23ihcan@engineer.com
Drag line
2) Rubber type tractor
• Use for light works
24ihcan@engineer.com
Ripper
• Use to clean earth for making railway lines,
road etc
• It plough connected with grader to dig out the
earth.
• Also called roter.
25ihcan@engineer.com
Scarifier
• It is connected with grader, which use to dig
hard soil.
• Also connected with road roller.
• Its jaws are adjustable.
• For hard earthen work the number of jaws are
decrease.
• The depth of jaws in the soil can also be
controlled.
26ihcan@engineer.com
Scarifier
• Use for ditching, and to fill up the materials in
trucks.
• Use to make canal, and cleaning the canals.
• It may be crawler type or tyred
• It perform ditching without entering in the
ditch.
27ihcan@engineer.com
Tip Wagon
• The specific vehicle which use to carry
material from one place to another place.
• Also called dumper.
• Its body can be tilted to evacuate the load
material.
28ihcan@engineer.com
CONCRETE MIXER
29ihcan@engineer.com
Concrete Mixer
• It is use to mix different component of
concrete.
• It efficiency depends upon the speed of
rotating drum and the blade of the mixer.
• It consume petrol or diesel as fuel.
• Size of mixer is express in the form of volume
it mixes of concrete at a time.
• For example 10/7 means 10 cubic meter
before mixing and 7 after mixing.
30ihcan@engineer.com
Parts of mixer
31ihcan@engineer.com
Types of concrete mixer
• There are two types of concrete mixer
A. Portable concrete mixer
B. Concrete Batching plant
We will discus portable concrete mixer
Portable concrete mixer Concrete batching plant 32ihcan@engineer.com
Types of concrete mixer
A) Portable Concrete Mixer
• It can be moved from one place to another
• It has wheels of rubber of steel
• Use for small works
• Draw by engine or by hands
33ihcan@engineer.com
Types of mixer
The portable mixer has two types
a) Tilting Mixer
• It is small in size and use for small works.
• Its drum can be tilted to fill up or to be empty
up the mixed concrete
34ihcan@engineer.com
Types of mixer
I) Hand Fed Tilting Mixer
• In this type the material to be mixed is thrown
directly in to the drum
• it has steel plates in the drum to mix the
material.
II) Load Fed Tilting Drum Mixer
• It is relatively large in size.
• The material is put in the drum by a steel
pan which is lift up by a cable .
35ihcan@engineer.com
Types of mixer
Hand fed tilting mixer Load fed tilting drum mixer
36ihcan@engineer.com
Types of mixer
b) Non Tilting Type Mixer
This type of mixer rotates horizontally
Concrete is put and drawn as such.
It is has two types
i. Reversing Drum Mixer
• This type is use for relatively large projects.
• There are two types of blade inside its drum.
• It has double direction movement.
• One blade rotates in one direction while other in
another direction.
37ihcan@engineer.com
Types of Mixer
ii) Roller Pan Mixer
• It use commonly for mixing mortar
• It consist of steel pan and steel roller
• Steel roller rotates inside the pan
• The mixed material is got through the side
openings.
38ihcan@engineer.com
Types of Mixer
Reversing Pan Mixer Roller Pan Mixer
39ihcan@engineer.com
40ihcan@engineer.com

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Highway machinary

  • 2. introduction INTRODUCTION • Different type of machinery is used in the construction of roads. • The initial cost on machinery is more, so in mega project its use is economical but in small works its use is uneconomical. • The use of machinery is time saving. 2ihcan@engineer.com
  • 3. introduction The machinery use in the construction of roads are • Road roller • Dozer • Grader • Trencher • Scraper • Ripper • Scarifier • Tractor etc 3ihcan@engineer.com
  • 4. • Use to compact the earth (soil) by its weight. Road Roller 4ihcan@engineer.com
  • 5. Types of road roller1. Smooth Wheeled Roller • Its weight is up to 10 ton. • It is the most old type of roller. 5ihcan@engineer.com
  • 6. Types of road roller 2) Sheep Foot Roller • It is use for the compaction of clayey soil (cohesive soil), where the smooth roller can’t work. • (Video) 6ihcan@engineer.com
  • 7. Types of road roller 3) Pneumatic Tyred Roller • It is use to compact bitumen. • (Video) 7ihcan@engineer.com
  • 8. Types of road roller 4) Vibratory Roller • This produce vibration to help in compaction. • It is suitable for granular soil. • Other type of roller can be vibratory too. 8ihcan@engineer.com
  • 9. Types of road rollerVibratory Roller 9ihcan@engineer.com
  • 10. DOZER • Dozer is used to cut and push the material. • Spreading the material • It is use for cleaning • Side hill cut • Filling ditches • Ditching • Snow dozing 10ihcan@engineer.com
  • 11. Types of dozer1) Bull Dozer • It is the most common type. It has a blade • Used to push material • Also use to level 11ihcan@engineer.com
  • 12. Types of dozer 2) Angle Dozer • it has blade which can rotate up to 30 degree. • Use to push the material to the left or right. 12ihcan@engineer.com
  • 13. Types of dozer3) Tree Dozer • It has a special blade use for removing the trees. • It also can be use for ditching and spreading material. • (Video) 13ihcan@engineer.com
  • 14. Drag • It is use to draw material. • Is is also drawn by ox or camel 14ihcan@engineer.com
  • 15. Grader It is use for different task. • Making slope • Mixing material • Cutting soil and pavements • Dozing snow • Remove plants • Ditching • (video) 15ihcan@engineer.com
  • 17. Drag Line • Use for ditching, and to fill up the materials in trucks. • Use to make canal, and cleaning the canals. • It may be crawler type or tyred • It perform ditching without entering in the ditch. • (Video) 17ihcan@engineer.com
  • 19. Trencher • It is use for digging for pipelines of gas, oil or water • (Video) 19ihcan@engineer.com
  • 20. Scraper • It is use to dig soil and transfer to other place. • It is only for soft soil. • It has a two parts, • Bucket and prim mover • (Video) 20ihcan@engineer.com
  • 22. Tractor • It is a multi purpose machine. • It is use for agriculture works as to draw the trolley and pushing the material. 22ihcan@engineer.com
  • 23. Types of Tractor 1) Crawler Type Tractor • Use for heavy works • It is purely use for pushing and cutting material through blade. • Use in soft and watery soil. 23ihcan@engineer.com
  • 24. Drag line 2) Rubber type tractor • Use for light works 24ihcan@engineer.com
  • 25. Ripper • Use to clean earth for making railway lines, road etc • It plough connected with grader to dig out the earth. • Also called roter. 25ihcan@engineer.com
  • 26. Scarifier • It is connected with grader, which use to dig hard soil. • Also connected with road roller. • Its jaws are adjustable. • For hard earthen work the number of jaws are decrease. • The depth of jaws in the soil can also be controlled. 26ihcan@engineer.com
  • 27. Scarifier • Use for ditching, and to fill up the materials in trucks. • Use to make canal, and cleaning the canals. • It may be crawler type or tyred • It perform ditching without entering in the ditch. 27ihcan@engineer.com
  • 28. Tip Wagon • The specific vehicle which use to carry material from one place to another place. • Also called dumper. • Its body can be tilted to evacuate the load material. 28ihcan@engineer.com
  • 30. Concrete Mixer • It is use to mix different component of concrete. • It efficiency depends upon the speed of rotating drum and the blade of the mixer. • It consume petrol or diesel as fuel. • Size of mixer is express in the form of volume it mixes of concrete at a time. • For example 10/7 means 10 cubic meter before mixing and 7 after mixing. 30ihcan@engineer.com
  • 32. Types of concrete mixer • There are two types of concrete mixer A. Portable concrete mixer B. Concrete Batching plant We will discus portable concrete mixer Portable concrete mixer Concrete batching plant 32ihcan@engineer.com
  • 33. Types of concrete mixer A) Portable Concrete Mixer • It can be moved from one place to another • It has wheels of rubber of steel • Use for small works • Draw by engine or by hands 33ihcan@engineer.com
  • 34. Types of mixer The portable mixer has two types a) Tilting Mixer • It is small in size and use for small works. • Its drum can be tilted to fill up or to be empty up the mixed concrete 34ihcan@engineer.com
  • 35. Types of mixer I) Hand Fed Tilting Mixer • In this type the material to be mixed is thrown directly in to the drum • it has steel plates in the drum to mix the material. II) Load Fed Tilting Drum Mixer • It is relatively large in size. • The material is put in the drum by a steel pan which is lift up by a cable . 35ihcan@engineer.com
  • 36. Types of mixer Hand fed tilting mixer Load fed tilting drum mixer 36ihcan@engineer.com
  • 37. Types of mixer b) Non Tilting Type Mixer This type of mixer rotates horizontally Concrete is put and drawn as such. It is has two types i. Reversing Drum Mixer • This type is use for relatively large projects. • There are two types of blade inside its drum. • It has double direction movement. • One blade rotates in one direction while other in another direction. 37ihcan@engineer.com
  • 38. Types of Mixer ii) Roller Pan Mixer • It use commonly for mixing mortar • It consist of steel pan and steel roller • Steel roller rotates inside the pan • The mixed material is got through the side openings. 38ihcan@engineer.com
  • 39. Types of Mixer Reversing Pan Mixer Roller Pan Mixer 39ihcan@engineer.com