#architects #building

2.  INTRODUCTION
 ARCHITECTS
 BACKGROUND
 ORIGION
 AIMS
 CHARACTERISTICS
 NOMEN FOSTER
 HAFFEZ CONTRACTOR

3.  High-tech architecture, also known as Late
Modernism or Structural Expressionism, is an
architectural style that emerged in the 1970s,
incorporating elements of high-tech industry and
technology into building design.
 High-tech architecture appeared as a revamped
modernism , an extension of those previous ideas
helped by even more technological advances.
 This category serves as a bridge between modernism
and post-modernism ; however, there remain gray
areas as to where one category ends and the other
begins. In the 1980s, high-tech architecture became
more difficult to distinguish from post-modern
architecture. Some of its themes and ideas were later
absorbed into the style of Neo-Futurism art and
architectural movement.

4. The style's premier practitioners include
 Colombian architect Bruce Graham
 Bangladeshi architect Fazlur Rahman Khan for
the John Hancock Centre, Willis Tower and
Onterie Center,
 British architects Sir Norman Foster,
 Sir Richard Rogers,
 Sir Michael Hopkins,
 Italian architect Renzo Piano
 Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava, known for
his organic, skeleton-like designs.

5.  Early high-tech buildings were referred to by
historian Reyner Banham as "serviced sheds"
due to their exposure of mechanical services in
addition to the structure. Most of these early
examples used exposed structural steel as their
material of choice. As hollow structural
sections had only become widely available in
the early 1970s, high-tech architecture saw
much experimentation with this material.

6. Buildings in this architectural style were constructed
mainly in North America and Europe. It is deeply
connected with what is called the Second School of
Chicago which emerged after World War II. The
main content is that the technological kind of
construction, mostly with steel and glass, is
expressed in a formal independent way to gain
aesthetic qualities from it. The first proper example
are the 860-880 Lake Shore Drive Apartments by
German architect Ludwig Mies van der

7.  The style got its name from the book High Tech: The
Industrial Style and Source Book for The Home, written by
design journalists Joan Kron and Suzanne Slesin and
published in November 1978 by Clarkson N. Potter, New
York. The book, illustrated with hundreds of photos,
showed how designers, architects, and home owners
were appropriating classic industrial objects—library
shelving, chemical glass, metal deck plate, restaurant
supply, factory and airport runway light fixtures, movers'
quilts, industrial carpeting etc.—found in industrial
catalogues and putting these to use in residential settings.
The foreword to the book by architect Emilio Ambasz,
former curator of design at the Museum of Modern Art,
put the trend in historical context.
 As a result of the publicity and popularity of the book,
the decorating style became known as "High-Tech", and
accelerated the entry of the still-obscure term "high-tech"
into everyday language

8.  High-tech architecture was, in some ways, a response to growing
disillusionment with modern architecture. The realization of Le
Corbusier's urban development plans led to cities with monotonous
and standardized buildings. Enthusiasm for economic building led
to extremely low-quality finishes, with subsequent degradation
countering a now-waning aesthetic novelty. High-tech architecture
created a new aesthetic in contrast with standard modern
architecture. In High Tech: The Industrial Style and Source Book for The
Home, when discussing the high-tech aesthetic, the authors
emphasized using elements "your parents might find insulting".
This humour so aptly demonstrates the rebellious attitude.
 Kron and Slesin further explain the term "high-tech" as one being
used in architectural circles to describe an increasing number of
residences and public buildings with a "nuts-and-bolts, exposed-
pipes, technological look". A prime example of this is the Centre
Pompidou in Paris. This highlights one of the aims of high-tech
architecture, to show the technical elements of the building by
externalizing them. Thus, the technical aspects create the building's
aesthetic.

9.  For interior design there was a trend of using formerly
industrial appliances as household objects, e.g. chemical
beakers as vases for flowers. This was because of an aim to
use an industrial aesthetic. This was assisted by the
conversion of former industrial spaces into residential spaces.
High-tech architecture aimed to give everything an industrial
appearance.
 Another aspect to the aims of high-tech architecture was that
of a renewed belief in the power of technology to improve the
world. This is especially evident in Kenzo Tange's plans for
technically sophisticated buildings in Japan's post-war boom
in the 1960s, but few of these plans actually became buildings.
High-tech architecture aimed to achieve a new industrial
aesthetic, spurred on by the renewed faith in the progression
of technology.
 But however prominent the industrial look appeared, the
functional element of modern architecture was very much
retained. The pieces still served a purpose in the building's
function. The function of the building was also aimed as not
being set. This dynamic property means that a building
should be a "catalyst", the "technical services are provided but
do not become set."

10.  Structure of high-tech architecture have varied
somewhat, yet all have accentuated technical
elements. They included the prominent display of
the building's technical and functional components,
and an orderly arrangement and use of pre-
fabricated elements. Glass walls and steel frames
were also immensely popular.
 To boast technical features, they were externalized,
often along with load-bearing structures. There can
be no more illustrious example than Pompidou
Centre. The ventilation ducts are all prominently
shown on the outside. This was a radical design, as
previous ventilation ducts would have been a
component hidden on the inside of the building.

11.  The orderly and logical fashion in which buildings in the high-
tech architectural style are designed to keep to their functional
essence is demonstrated in Norman Foster's Hong Kong and
Shanghai Bank HQ Besides the technology being the overriding
feature of the building, its design is very much functionally
orientated. The large interior open space and the easy access to
all floors enhance the function of being a bank. Also, the
elements of the buildings are very neatly composed to achieve
optimal orderliness in order to logically solve the problem of
the needs of a bank. This can be seen in the levels' structure and
in the escalators.
 The high-tech buildings make persistent use of glass curtain
walls and steel structure. It is greatly indebted to modern
architecture for this, and influenced by Mies van der Rohe's
highrise buildings. Bruce Grahams Willis Towerdemonstrates
that with glass walls and skeleton pipe structure of steel, a very
tall building can be built. Many high-tech buildings meant their
purposes to be dynamic. This could best be explained by
Günther Behnisch and Frei Otto's Munich Olympic Stadium.
This structure made sport in the open possible and is meant to
be used for many purposes. Originally an abandoned airfield, it
is now a sport stadium, used for various disciplines.

12.  Buildings designed in this style usually consist of a
clear glass facade, with the building's network of
support beams exposed behind it. Perhaps the most
famous and easily recognized building built in this
style is I.M. Pei's Bank of China Tower in Hong
Kong. The World Trade Center in New York City,
although generally considered to be an International
Style building, was technically a Structural
Expressionist design due to its load-bearing steel
frame.

13. --“I DESIGN BUILDINGS IN THE HOPE
THAT THEY TAKE FORWARD THE
BOUNDARIES OF KNOWLEDGE AND
EXPERIENCE OF EACH PARTICULAR

14. CONSTRUCTED UNDER CONSTRUCTION
 SWISS RE
TOWERS,LONDON
 STANSTED
AIRPORT,U.K
 HSBC,HEADQUART
ERS
 Petronas University of
Technology, Bandar
Seri in Iskandar,
Malaysia.
 GREEN DESERT
UTOPIA In Abu Dhabi
 RUSSIA
TOWER,MOSCOW,RU
SSIA
 U2 Tower --a proposed
landmark skyscraper
due to be constructed in
Dublin

15. •The 590-foot- (180-meter-) high,
40-story, 76,400-square-meter
Swiss Re Tower is said to be
London's first environmental
skyscraper.
• Its aerodynamic, glazed shape
minimizes wind loads and
maximizes natural light and
ventilation, reducing the
building's energy consumption to
50 percent of that of a traditional
large office building.
• As a working environment, it
offers unequalled views of the
surrounding city.

16.  The external diagonal steel
structure uses triangular
forms to be inherently
strong, permitting a flexible
column-free interior space.
 The building's height was
made feasible by the use of a
peripheral "diagrid," in
which all the steel elements
subtly interlock.
 The exterior cladding
consists of approximately
5,500 flat triangular and
diamond-shaped glass
panels, which vary in size at

17.  The envelope at the
office areas consists of
a double-glazed outer
layer and a single-
glazed inner screen
that sandwich a
central, ventilated
cavity containing solar-
control blinds.
 These cavities act as
buffer zones to
reduce the need for
mechanical heating
and cooling and are

18.  The building provides
450,000 square feet (41,810
square meters) of net office
space. At the edge of each
floor plate is a spiral
atrium, created by
"twisting" each successive
floor.
 This allows natural
ventilation - although air-
conditioning is also
incorporated -by taking
advantage of the large
pressure differentials that
draw air in through
horizontal slots in the
21st floor plan

19. • "WINDOWS IN THE LIGHT WELL OPEN
AUTOMATICALLY TO AUGMENT THE AIR CONDITIONING
SYSTEM WITH NATURAL VENTILATION, AN OCCURRENCE
ANTICIPATED TO SAVE ENERGY FOR UP TO 40% OF THE
YEAR.
• THE FLOOR PLANS ARE SHAPED LIKE FLOWERS, WITH A
CIRCULAR PERIMETER INDENTED BY 6 TRIANGULAR
LIGHT COURTS. THE INDENTATIONS REMAIN A
CONSTANT SIZE AT EACH LEVEL, WHILE THE SPACE
BETWEEN THEM DIMINISHES.
• THE FLOOR PLAN IS ROTATED FOR EACH SUCCESSIVE
FLOOR, CREATING A SERIES OF SPIRALING 5-STOREY
ATRIA THAT STRETCH THE FULL HEIGHT OF THE
BUILDING."

20. Location: London, England, UK.
Date: 1991
Building Type: Airport
Construction System: Steel Frame

21. SECTIONAL VIEW.
.SITE PLAN

22.  Stansted Airport is a large passenger
airport with a single runway.
 Stansted is the fourth busiest airport
in the UK after London Heathrow,
London Gatwick and Manchester
Airport.
 Stansted International Airport has one
terminal.
 There are three boarding piers, one
connected to the main terminal by a
pedestrian bridge and the other two
by a people mover system.
 The terminal facilities include a
bureau de change, left luggage
service, several shops and restaurants
as well as internet access.
 Stansted has a railway station below
TERMINAL
ATLANTA TERMINAL

23. •The layout of the airport
is designed to provide an
unobstructed flow for
passengers to arrive at the
short-stay car park, move
through the check-in hall
and on to the departure
gates all on the same level
•The layout of the airport is designed to provide an
unobstructed flow for passengers to arrive at the short-
stay car park, move through the check-in hall and on to
the departure gates all on the same level

24.  The base of each truss structure is a "utility pillar",
which provides indirect up lighting illumination and
is the location for air-conditioning and water,
telecommunications, and electrical outlets

25. NG & SHANGHAI BANKING
TION HEADQUARTERS
• LOCATION-HONGKONG,CHINA.
• TIME- 1979-1985
• Height-180 meters
• BUILDING TYPE- COMMERCIAL
OFFICE.
• AREA- 99000 SQ. MTRS.
• MATERIALS-STEEL, ALUMINIUM
CLADING & PARTIONS, GLASS,
STAIN STEEL FINISHES,MARBLE,
STONE/CARPET RAISED FLOOR.

26.  THE SITE ,AT THE HEAD OF STATUE
SQUARE, IS ONE OF THE MOST
SPECTACULAR IN HONGKONG.
 THE MAIN CHARACTERISTIC OF HSBC
HONG KONG HEADQUARTERS IS ITS
ABSENCE OF INTERNAL SUPPORTING
STRUCTURE.
 ANOTHER NOTABLE FEATURE IS THAT
NATURAL SUNLIGHT IS THE MAJOR
SOURCE OF LIGHTING INSIDE THE
BUILDING .
 IT HAS GIANT MIRRORS AT THE TOP OF
THE ATRIUM, WHICH CAN REFLECT
NATURAL SUNLIGHT INTO THE
ATRIUM AND HENCE DOWN INTO THE
PLAZA.
 ADDITIONALLY, SUN SHADES ARE
PROVIDED ON THE EXTERNAL
FACADES TO BLOCK DIRECT SUNLIGHT
GOING INTO THE BUILDING AND TO
REDUCE HEAT GAIN.
 INSTEAD OF FRESH WATER, SEA
WATER IS USED AS COOLANT FOR THE

27.  All flooring is made from
lightweight movable panels,
under which you can find a
comprehensive network of power,
telecommunication, and air-
conditioning systems. Hence
installation of equipment or
computer terminals becomes far
easier.
 Because of the urgency to finish
the project, the construction of the
building relied heavily on off-site
prefabrication; components were
manufactured all over the world.
For example, the structural steel
came from Britain; the glass,
aluminum cladding and flooring
came from the United States while
the service modules came from
WEST ELEVATION

28.  THE EXTERIOR IS A VIGOROUSLY MODELLED
COMBINATION OF ALUMINIUM-CLAD
STRUCTURE AND TRANSPARENT PANELS TO
EXPRESS THE RICH MIXTURE OF SPACES
WITHIN.
PLAN OF CHAIRMAN’S APARTMENT WITH MAINTENANCE CRANES.

29.  Born on 19 june 1950 in, mumbai
 Born in a Parsi family.
 Graduated diploma in architecture from
academy of architecture in, mumbai in 1975
 Graduation from colombia university in NEW
YORK (USA) on a TATA scholarship.

30.  Extensive use of glass on facedes confirms to the
high tech expression bussiness seek to achieve
 Never fixed plan
 Have excess but nor always
 Give stress on landscape terrace
 He fix elements from various typology and use
them as a adorment for the exterior skin of the
building
 He always create the corner of the buiding

31.  Lake castle, Powai
 Textile laboratory and research centre, Mumbai
 The aralias, Gurgaon
 Bharti airtel building, Gurgaon

32.  Lake castle a residential apartment building, nested in green surrounding
of powai.
 the dominant feature is its massive scale. 183m linear length strikes you
as an ocean ship going linear to the building multiple deck anchored on
the bankes of powai lakes
 Tower block is surrounded by large garden and 8 acre forest park, all the
flat faces the lake
 Creating a step mass profile which compliment the hills in the back drop
 The building is almost like the mirror reflecting the densely layered
profile of the city itself
 Architectural font is mean to symbolise the city silhouette that is made
of varying shapes and size
 Lake is specially intresting beacause of a combination of POP aesthatic ,
with conventionalized classical stylistic.
 Egyptian motifes are used in the building facades like the treatment given
to the column, the frizes and the details of the iron work .

33.  The crescent shape projecting balconies ,curved
projection and Egyptian columns on the facades relieve
the monotony into which building would have
otherwise slipped .
 Large French windows are repetitive features on the
facades. LAKE CASTLE, POWAI
 To mitigate the broadside effect of the cliff of the
building ,it has been punctured with significant cut
outs known as sky decks.
 further these the dramatic view of the sky though the
buildings.
 The stepped profile and two huge cut outs further add
to lighten the building. LAKE CASTLE, POWAI

34. TEXTILE LABORATORY AND RESEARCH CENTRE, MUMBAI • Situated in the
busy locality of Prabhadevi, Mumbai, the Textile Laboratory And Research Institute
is an intriguing piece of architecture, with metaphoric interpretations ranging from
flowing fabrics to a spinning wheel (charkha). • The primary design idea was to
reflect the powerful tradition and heritage of Indian textiles. • The institute is
designed to accommodate research and administrative activities in one block and
other activities in different blocks • The various activities are joint together through a
central atrium. • The atrium structure is in the essence a steel frame and it is in the
form of a crown. It symbolises the charkha with eight spokes and the same is
replicated on the floor. Source:architecthafeezcontractor.[Online][Cited:427,2014.]
12. • With the spokes in the form of black and grey granites place next to each other
on the floor it gives a spinning effect to the charkha. The spokes have a thin
aluminium wire running through the spokes, symbolising the thread. • The atrium
symbolically depicts the ‘charkha’ that is rooted in India’s glorious textile heritage.
The structure is basically a steel frame swathed in Teflon fabric. • Juxtaposing of
wavy granite, aluminium and glass surfaces marks this 6 storey building block. • The
wavy facade derives its inspiration from the imagery of flowing fabrics. • The
material used with the contrasting and intrinsic textures colours goon to reflect the
diverse range of Indian textiles. TEXTILE LABORATORY AND RESEARCH
CENTRE, MUMBAI

35. THE ARALIAS, GURGAON Project type: housing, master planning project Location :
sector 42, DLF city v, gurgoan. No of apartments : 252 Total Number of Storey: 18
Source:www.hafeezcontracter.com
18. •It includes 3 linear blocks that flank a well-landscaped garden. •The concept of
large linear residential blocks creates a central recreational area for the entire complex.
The linear design of the blocks also offers panoramic views of the landscaped grounds
and the picturesque golf course to all the apartments. •Aralias, an upscale residential
development is set opposite the DLF Golf Course in Gurgaon. •The mere enormity of
these blocks set amidst the landscaped gardens creates a spectacular effect. The pale
background of the exterior hues articulates the elegant appearance of a few fragments of
glass. •The 250 flats in the residential complexes have areas ranging from 465 sq m
apartments to 836 sq m penthouses. The apartments are endowed with picturesque
views of the surrounds THE ARALIAS, GURGAON

36. BHARTI AIRTEL BUILDING, GURGAON CENTRAL ATRIUM WORKING
SPACE PERIPHERAL CORES HUGE LANDSCAPED GARDENS
Source:www.hafeezcontracter.com
21. AND THE BRAND INTENT • the façade houses an advanced energy-
efficient reflective solar control glass designed to cut excessive heat while
optimizing light transmission, thus reducing air-conditioning costs and the
need for artificial lighting • Red and white stripes, the most catching feature of
the building shows the brand intent with colors complimenting the airtel logo.
• the façade also uses double glazing, for added effect and also provides
insulation at the same time. Source:www.hafeezcontracter.com