Hepatitis D is caused by the Hepatitis D virus (HDV) and requires co-infection with Hepatitis B. HDV is found worldwide but prevalence is highest in Italy, the Middle East, Central Asia, West Africa, and South America. HDV transmission occurs through the same routes as HBV, except it is not sexually transmitted. Infection depends on HBV replication as HBV provides the envelope for HDV. HDV infection is diagnosed through an HDV antibody test.

1. HEPATITIS D
DR. MAHESWARI JAIKUMAR
maheswarijaikumar2103@gmail.com

2. HEPATITIS D
• Hepatitis D is caused by Hepatitis
D virus

5. HEPATITIS D
• Hepatitis D Virus (HDV) is found
throughout the world, but with a
non uniform distribution
• It’s highest prevalence has been
reported in Italy the Middle East,
Central Asia, West Africa & South
America

8. • The primary route of
transmission are believed to be
similar to those of HBV (though
it is not sexually transmitted)
• Infection is dependent on HBV
replication, as HBV provides an
HBsAg envelop for HDV

9. • The incubation period varies
from 2-12 weeks, being shorter
in HBV carriers who are
superinfected with the agent,
than in susceptible persons who
are simultaneously infected with
both HBV & HDV

15. • HDV has been transmitted
perinatally, but fortunately it is
not prevalent in regions of the
world such as Asia, where
perinatal transmission of HBV
occurs frequently

16. • The epidemiological patterns of
HDV have been identified.
• In Mediterranean countries HDV
infection is endemic among
persons with hepatitis B, and
most infections are transmitted
by intimate contact

18. DIAGNOSIS
• HDV infection
is diagnosed
by HDV Ab
test

19. • In non endemic areas such as
United states and Northern
Europe, HDV infection is
confined to persons exposed
frequently to blood and blood
products, drug addicts and
haemophils

20. • HDV can be prevented by
vaccinating HBV susceptible
persons with Hepatitis b vaccine.
• However vaccination does not
protect hepatitis B carriers from
superinfection by HDV

21. THANK YOU