Hematology blood ABO system
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Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1901 and won the Nobel Prize for medicine for this discovery. In 1940, Landsteiner and Alexander S. Wiener reported the Rh blood group system. Knowing about blood group systems is important for safe blood transfusions and preventing hemolytic disease in newborns. The ABO antigens are sugar chains on red blood cells that differ between blood types. A person's blood type depends on which alleles they inherit for the ABO locus on chromosome 9.
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Blood group
1. Dr. Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1901 while studying agglutination reactions between red blood cells and serum.
2. The ABO system categorizes blood into four main groups - A, B, AB, and O - based on the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells.
3. The Rh system was discovered in 1937 and categorizes blood as Rh positive or Rh negative based on the presence or absence of the Rh antigen; Rh negative blood can only be transfused to Rh negative recipients.
ABO and RH group System
This presentation discusses the ABO and Rh blood group systems. It begins by introducing Karl Landsteiner, who discovered the main blood groups in 1900. The presentation then covers the antigens and antibodies involved in blood grouping, the genetics behind blood types, and frequencies of ABO types in the US. It provides detailed explanations of the synthesis of A, B, and H antigens, including the enzymes involved. Finally, it briefly discusses the Rh system and the Rh factor.
ABO Blood group by Dr. Aryan
Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1900. He identified three main blood groups - A, B, and C (later renamed O). The fourth blood group, AB, was discovered later. ABO blood groups are determined by antigens on red blood cells which are controlled by inherited genes. Incompatibility between donor and recipient blood groups can cause hemolytic transfusion reactions or hydrops fetalis if the mother and fetus have incompatible blood groups. Testing and matching blood groups is important to ensure safe and compatible blood transfusions.
Blood grouping/ orthodontic seminars
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The nature of blood
This document provides information about blood typing and characteristics. It discusses the discovery of blood types by Landsteiner in 1900 and the Rh factor in 1940. The document defines key terms like antigens, antibodies, agglutination. It describes the main blood types (A, B, AB, O) and Rh factors (+/-). It also summarizes blood composition, functions, transfusions and the genetics that determine blood type. Overall, the document presents foundational information about blood typing and characteristics.
Abo Blood groups
1) The ABO blood group system was discovered in 1901 by Karl Landsteiner who identified the A, B, and O blood groups.
2) The blood groups are determined by the presence of antigens on red blood cells and the presence of antibodies in the plasma.
3) The ABO blood groups are inherited following Mendelian principles with A and B genes being co-dominant and O being recessive.
Blood group substances
Blood group substances biochemistry presentation.
this presentation helps in the better understanding of the topic h substances which are the primitive substances that help in the formation of the ABO blood groups.
ABO Blood Group system
Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1900. He identified three main blood groups - A, B, and C, which were later renamed to A, B, and O. Von Decastello and Sturli discovered the AB blood group in 1902. The ABO blood group is determined by the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells, which is controlled by inherited alleles. People universally have antibodies against blood group antigens they lack. This system is important for blood transfusions, as incompatible blood can cause transfusion reactions.
Recommended
Blood group
1. Dr. Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1901 while studying agglutination reactions between red blood cells and serum.
2. The ABO system categorizes blood into four main groups - A, B, AB, and O - based on the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells.
3. The Rh system was discovered in 1937 and categorizes blood as Rh positive or Rh negative based on the presence or absence of the Rh antigen; Rh negative blood can only be transfused to Rh negative recipients.
ABO and RH group System
This presentation discusses the ABO and Rh blood group systems. It begins by introducing Karl Landsteiner, who discovered the main blood groups in 1900. The presentation then covers the antigens and antibodies involved in blood grouping, the genetics behind blood types, and frequencies of ABO types in the US. It provides detailed explanations of the synthesis of A, B, and H antigens, including the enzymes involved. Finally, it briefly discusses the Rh system and the Rh factor.
ABO Blood group by Dr. Aryan
Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1900. He identified three main blood groups - A, B, and C (later renamed O). The fourth blood group, AB, was discovered later. ABO blood groups are determined by antigens on red blood cells which are controlled by inherited genes. Incompatibility between donor and recipient blood groups can cause hemolytic transfusion reactions or hydrops fetalis if the mother and fetus have incompatible blood groups. Testing and matching blood groups is important to ensure safe and compatible blood transfusions.
Blood grouping/ orthodontic seminars
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The nature of blood
This document provides information about blood typing and characteristics. It discusses the discovery of blood types by Landsteiner in 1900 and the Rh factor in 1940. The document defines key terms like antigens, antibodies, agglutination. It describes the main blood types (A, B, AB, O) and Rh factors (+/-). It also summarizes blood composition, functions, transfusions and the genetics that determine blood type. Overall, the document presents foundational information about blood typing and characteristics.
Abo Blood groups
1) The ABO blood group system was discovered in 1901 by Karl Landsteiner who identified the A, B, and O blood groups.
2) The blood groups are determined by the presence of antigens on red blood cells and the presence of antibodies in the plasma.
3) The ABO blood groups are inherited following Mendelian principles with A and B genes being co-dominant and O being recessive.
Blood group substances
Blood group substances biochemistry presentation.
this presentation helps in the better understanding of the topic h substances which are the primitive substances that help in the formation of the ABO blood groups.
ABO Blood Group system
Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1900. He identified three main blood groups - A, B, and C, which were later renamed to A, B, and O. Von Decastello and Sturli discovered the AB blood group in 1902. The ABO blood group is determined by the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells, which is controlled by inherited alleles. People universally have antibodies against blood group antigens they lack. This system is important for blood transfusions, as incompatible blood can cause transfusion reactions.
Blood groups
This document summarizes key information about blood groups and blood typing:
- Blood is typed based on the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells and the presence of corresponding antibodies in the plasma. The main blood group systems are ABO and Rh. Mismatched blood can cause agglutination and hemolysis.
- Erythroblastosis fetalis occurs when an Rh-negative mother is sensitized to Rh antigens from an Rh-positive fetus, leading to destruction of the fetus's red blood cells. Administration of Rh immunoglobulin prevents sensitization.
- Proper blood typing and cross-matching is important for safe blood transfusions to prevent transfusion reactions from antigen-antibody incompatibility
Types Of Blood from Rtibloodinfo
1. Karl Landsteiner discovered the three main blood groups (A, B, and O) in the early 1900s which helped explain inconsistent outcomes in blood transfusions.
2. Landsteiner found that red blood cells have antigens (A or B) on their surface, and the matching plasma contains antibodies (anti-A or anti-B) that cause agglutination if mismatched blood is transfused.
3. Understanding a person's blood group allows safe blood transfusions by only transfusing blood without antigens that would agglutinate the recipient's blood. This discovery revolutionized transfusion medicine.
Blood groups ii l
Here are short notes on the requested topics:
1. Classification of blood groups:
- ABO blood group system: Based on presence or absence of A and B antigens on RBCs. Types - A, B, AB, O.
- Rh blood group system: Based on presence (Rh+) or absence (Rh-) of Rh antigen.
2. ABO blood group system:
- Antigens A and B present on RBC membrane. Type O lacks both antigens.
- Plasma contains antibodies against antigens not present on own RBCs (anti-A in B individuals, anti-B in A individuals).
3. Rh factor:
- Rh antigen present in 85% of Cauc
Blood groups for ss
This document summarizes the history and science of blood groups and blood typing. It discusses how Karl Landsteiner discovered the main blood groups (A, B, AB, and O) in 1901, which allowed blood transfusions to become safer. It describes the components of blood and explains that blood groups are determined by antigens (sugars) on red blood cells inherited from parents. Certain blood groups contain antibodies that can cause blood to clot if mixed with incompatible blood from a transfusion. Proper blood typing looks for antigens and antibodies to determine compatibility.
Abo system
The document discusses the ABO blood group system, including its discovery, genetics, biochemistry, antigens, antibodies, and implications for transfusion. Some key points:
- Karl Landsteiner discovered the main ABO blood groups (A, B, AB, O) in 1900. The ABO blood type is determined by alleles at a single gene locus.
- The antigens are carbohydrate structures on red blood cells. People naturally produce antibodies against antigens they lack.
- ABO typing must be accurate to avoid transfusion reactions. Discrepancies can occur due to weak subgroups, diseases, or test issues. Resolving discrepancies helps ensure patient and donor safety.
Blood groups
Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1901 by observing that mixing blood from different people sometimes caused clumping of red blood cells. He identified the A and B antigens on red blood cells and the corresponding anti-A and anti-B antibodies in plasma. Based on the presence or absence of these antigens and antibodies, he classified blood into the A, B, AB, and O groups. Landsteiner's discovery explained why blood transfusions were sometimes successful and sometimes caused fatal reactions.
Genetics ppt by jiwan
This document discusses ABO blood grouping. It explains that blood group antigens are sugars attached to red blood cells, which are inherited from one's parents. The type of sugar determines the blood group. The most common blood groups in India are B, O, and A. If given an incompatible blood transfusion, antibodies in the plasma will destroy the red blood cells, which can kill the recipient. Understanding blood group inheritance and compatibility is important for safe blood transfusions.
Abo blood groups
The ABO blood group system was discovered in 1900 by Karl Landsteiner, who identified three main blood types: A, B, and O. The fourth type, AB, was discovered later. People have antigens on their red blood cells and corresponding antibodies in their plasma. Blood type is inherited and determines compatibility for transfusions. Type O negative blood can be donated to all recipients, while type AB positive can receive from all donors.
Abo and rh system
This document discusses several blood classification systems and related medical conditions. It covers the ABO system for classifying blood types based on antigens, as well as the Rh system and Rh antigen. The document also defines erythroblastosis fetalis as a condition caused by Rh incompatibility between mother and baby's blood, and describes some of its signs and complications. Finally, it provides an overview of the H antigen found on human cells and secretions.
Blood Types, Transfusion & Organ Transplantation
Blood types and tissue/organ transplantation were discussed. There are four main blood types - A, B, AB, and O - determined by the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells. Transfusing incompatible blood can cause agglutination and hemolysis. The Rh system involves D antigens that can sensitize mothers, risking hemolytic disease in subsequent Rh-positive babies. Tissue and organ transplantation requires matching donors and recipients to reduce immune rejection. Immunosuppressants are used but autografts and isografts have least risk of rejection compared to allografts and xenografts.
ABO Blood Grouping
This document discusses multiple alleles and the ABO blood grouping system. It begins by defining alleles and describing how multiple alleles can exist for a single gene. It then focuses on explaining the ABO blood grouping system, which is controlled by three alleles (IA, IB, IO) that determine the A, B, and O blood types. The document outlines the antigens and antibodies present in each blood type, as well as rare blood types like Bombay and Rhnull. It also discusses cross-matching for transfusions and potential sources of errors or mutations in blood group transmission.
Blood groups
Blood Groups
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BLOOD GROUP NAHID
This presentation summarizes the ABO blood group system. It defines blood groups as classifications based on antigens on red blood cells, with over 30 known human blood group systems containing over 600 antigens. The ABO system was discovered by Karl Landsteiner in 1901 and recognizes the A, B, AB, and O blood groups based on the presence or absence of A and B antigens. The characteristics of each blood group determine who can donate to and receive from whom. ABO antibodies are clinically significant as they are naturally occurring, universal, and highly reactive. Understanding blood groups is important for transfusion safety and other medical applications.
Bloodgroup2
This document discusses blood groups and blood transfusions. It covers the ABO and Rh blood group systems, which are the most important for blood transfusions. The ABO system divides blood into four main groups based on antigens (A and B) and antibodies present. Type O blood can be transfused to all groups as it lacks antigens. The Rh system involves the D antigen and negative recipients require negative donor blood to avoid complications. Compatibility must be checked between donor and recipient blood to avoid transfusion reactions.
1.blood group
types of blood group bettre Rh factor cross match Rh incompatibility mis matc hazaeds nlood transfusion
Blood group
Karl Landsteiner discovered the main blood group systems in 1901 which allowed safer blood transfusions. The ABO system includes groups A, B, AB and O based on antigens on red blood cells. The Rh system also exists. Not all blood groups are compatible as mixing can cause clumping of red blood cells. Landsteiner's work enabled blood typing and compatible transfusions.
Blood types
The document discusses blood types and the ABO blood group system. There are four main blood types - A, B, AB, and O - which are determined by the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells. The Rh factor is also discussed, which refers to the presence or absence of the Rh antigen and further divides blood types into eight major phenotypes. Examples of determining possible blood type genotypes and phenotypes of offspring using Punnett squares are provided.
Abo blood type
The document discusses the key components of blood and blood types, including that antibodies are produced by the immune system to target antigens. It explains the ABO blood group system discovered by Karl Landsteiner, including that Type O blood is the universal donor type as it lacks A and B antigens, while Type AB is the universal recipient type as it has both antigens. The document also provides information on blood transfusions, including compatibility between donor and recipient blood types to avoid agglutination of red blood cells.
Blood group determination
Blood is defined as the connective tissue and it also contain such components such as RBC, WBC, Platelets,
Blood group ppt
This document discusses multiple blood group systems including ABO and Rh factor. It explains that the ABO system has three alleles (IA, IB, i) which determine four blood types (A, B, AB, O). The Rh system involves the D antigen, with Rh+ possessing the antigen and Rh- lacking it. Compatible blood transfusions require matching both systems to avoid hemolysis from antigen-antibody reactions. A kit test can determine blood type through agglutination reactions between cell antigens and serum antibodies.
Blood groups.pptx
Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1901 and won the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1910 for this discovery. In 1940, Landsteiner and Alexander S. Wiener reported the Rh blood group system. The ABO blood group antigens differ in their terminal sugar and project above the red blood cell surface. Knowing blood group systems is important for safe blood transfusions, preventing hemolytic disease of newborn, solving legal disputes, and studying genetics. Landsteiner's Laws state that if an antigen is present, the corresponding antibody must be absent and vice versa. The Rh factor was first studied in rhesus monkeys.
Blood groups
- The ABO and Rh blood group systems are clinically significant for blood transfusions and determining transfusion compatibility. The ABO system was discovered in 1901 and includes A, B, AB, and O blood types. The Rh system involves the presence or absence of the D antigen.
- Incompatibilities between these blood group antigens and antibodies can cause transfusion reactions or hemolytic disease of the newborn. Proper blood typing and cross-matching is important for safe transfusions.
- The MNSs blood group system involves the M, N, S, and s antigens and antibodies to some of these can also cause transfusion reactions or erythroblastosis fetalis in newborns.
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What's hot
Blood groups
This document summarizes key information about blood groups and blood typing:
- Blood is typed based on the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells and the presence of corresponding antibodies in the plasma. The main blood group systems are ABO and Rh. Mismatched blood can cause agglutination and hemolysis.
- Erythroblastosis fetalis occurs when an Rh-negative mother is sensitized to Rh antigens from an Rh-positive fetus, leading to destruction of the fetus's red blood cells. Administration of Rh immunoglobulin prevents sensitization.
- Proper blood typing and cross-matching is important for safe blood transfusions to prevent transfusion reactions from antigen-antibody incompatibility
Types Of Blood from Rtibloodinfo
1. Karl Landsteiner discovered the three main blood groups (A, B, and O) in the early 1900s which helped explain inconsistent outcomes in blood transfusions.
2. Landsteiner found that red blood cells have antigens (A or B) on their surface, and the matching plasma contains antibodies (anti-A or anti-B) that cause agglutination if mismatched blood is transfused.
3. Understanding a person's blood group allows safe blood transfusions by only transfusing blood without antigens that would agglutinate the recipient's blood. This discovery revolutionized transfusion medicine.
Blood groups ii l
Here are short notes on the requested topics:
1. Classification of blood groups:
- ABO blood group system: Based on presence or absence of A and B antigens on RBCs. Types - A, B, AB, O.
- Rh blood group system: Based on presence (Rh+) or absence (Rh-) of Rh antigen.
2. ABO blood group system:
- Antigens A and B present on RBC membrane. Type O lacks both antigens.
- Plasma contains antibodies against antigens not present on own RBCs (anti-A in B individuals, anti-B in A individuals).
3. Rh factor:
- Rh antigen present in 85% of Cauc
Blood groups for ss
This document summarizes the history and science of blood groups and blood typing. It discusses how Karl Landsteiner discovered the main blood groups (A, B, AB, and O) in 1901, which allowed blood transfusions to become safer. It describes the components of blood and explains that blood groups are determined by antigens (sugars) on red blood cells inherited from parents. Certain blood groups contain antibodies that can cause blood to clot if mixed with incompatible blood from a transfusion. Proper blood typing looks for antigens and antibodies to determine compatibility.
Abo system
The document discusses the ABO blood group system, including its discovery, genetics, biochemistry, antigens, antibodies, and implications for transfusion. Some key points:
- Karl Landsteiner discovered the main ABO blood groups (A, B, AB, O) in 1900. The ABO blood type is determined by alleles at a single gene locus.
- The antigens are carbohydrate structures on red blood cells. People naturally produce antibodies against antigens they lack.
- ABO typing must be accurate to avoid transfusion reactions. Discrepancies can occur due to weak subgroups, diseases, or test issues. Resolving discrepancies helps ensure patient and donor safety.
Blood groups
Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1901 by observing that mixing blood from different people sometimes caused clumping of red blood cells. He identified the A and B antigens on red blood cells and the corresponding anti-A and anti-B antibodies in plasma. Based on the presence or absence of these antigens and antibodies, he classified blood into the A, B, AB, and O groups. Landsteiner's discovery explained why blood transfusions were sometimes successful and sometimes caused fatal reactions.
Genetics ppt by jiwan
This document discusses ABO blood grouping. It explains that blood group antigens are sugars attached to red blood cells, which are inherited from one's parents. The type of sugar determines the blood group. The most common blood groups in India are B, O, and A. If given an incompatible blood transfusion, antibodies in the plasma will destroy the red blood cells, which can kill the recipient. Understanding blood group inheritance and compatibility is important for safe blood transfusions.
Abo blood groups
The ABO blood group system was discovered in 1900 by Karl Landsteiner, who identified three main blood types: A, B, and O. The fourth type, AB, was discovered later. People have antigens on their red blood cells and corresponding antibodies in their plasma. Blood type is inherited and determines compatibility for transfusions. Type O negative blood can be donated to all recipients, while type AB positive can receive from all donors.
Abo and rh system
This document discusses several blood classification systems and related medical conditions. It covers the ABO system for classifying blood types based on antigens, as well as the Rh system and Rh antigen. The document also defines erythroblastosis fetalis as a condition caused by Rh incompatibility between mother and baby's blood, and describes some of its signs and complications. Finally, it provides an overview of the H antigen found on human cells and secretions.
Blood Types, Transfusion & Organ Transplantation
Blood types and tissue/organ transplantation were discussed. There are four main blood types - A, B, AB, and O - determined by the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells. Transfusing incompatible blood can cause agglutination and hemolysis. The Rh system involves D antigens that can sensitize mothers, risking hemolytic disease in subsequent Rh-positive babies. Tissue and organ transplantation requires matching donors and recipients to reduce immune rejection. Immunosuppressants are used but autografts and isografts have least risk of rejection compared to allografts and xenografts.
ABO Blood Grouping
This document discusses multiple alleles and the ABO blood grouping system. It begins by defining alleles and describing how multiple alleles can exist for a single gene. It then focuses on explaining the ABO blood grouping system, which is controlled by three alleles (IA, IB, IO) that determine the A, B, and O blood types. The document outlines the antigens and antibodies present in each blood type, as well as rare blood types like Bombay and Rhnull. It also discusses cross-matching for transfusions and potential sources of errors or mutations in blood group transmission.
Blood groups
Blood Groups
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https://www.instagram.com/invites/contact/?i=1qo1my1nb2qfx&utm_content=kbo8bi7
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SUBSCRIBE ...
.
Email for inquiries: atifa.ambreen@gmail.com
BLOOD GROUP NAHID
This presentation summarizes the ABO blood group system. It defines blood groups as classifications based on antigens on red blood cells, with over 30 known human blood group systems containing over 600 antigens. The ABO system was discovered by Karl Landsteiner in 1901 and recognizes the A, B, AB, and O blood groups based on the presence or absence of A and B antigens. The characteristics of each blood group determine who can donate to and receive from whom. ABO antibodies are clinically significant as they are naturally occurring, universal, and highly reactive. Understanding blood groups is important for transfusion safety and other medical applications.
Bloodgroup2
This document discusses blood groups and blood transfusions. It covers the ABO and Rh blood group systems, which are the most important for blood transfusions. The ABO system divides blood into four main groups based on antigens (A and B) and antibodies present. Type O blood can be transfused to all groups as it lacks antigens. The Rh system involves the D antigen and negative recipients require negative donor blood to avoid complications. Compatibility must be checked between donor and recipient blood to avoid transfusion reactions.
1.blood group
types of blood group bettre Rh factor cross match Rh incompatibility mis matc hazaeds nlood transfusion
Blood group
Karl Landsteiner discovered the main blood group systems in 1901 which allowed safer blood transfusions. The ABO system includes groups A, B, AB and O based on antigens on red blood cells. The Rh system also exists. Not all blood groups are compatible as mixing can cause clumping of red blood cells. Landsteiner's work enabled blood typing and compatible transfusions.
Blood types
The document discusses blood types and the ABO blood group system. There are four main blood types - A, B, AB, and O - which are determined by the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells. The Rh factor is also discussed, which refers to the presence or absence of the Rh antigen and further divides blood types into eight major phenotypes. Examples of determining possible blood type genotypes and phenotypes of offspring using Punnett squares are provided.
Abo blood type
The document discusses the key components of blood and blood types, including that antibodies are produced by the immune system to target antigens. It explains the ABO blood group system discovered by Karl Landsteiner, including that Type O blood is the universal donor type as it lacks A and B antigens, while Type AB is the universal recipient type as it has both antigens. The document also provides information on blood transfusions, including compatibility between donor and recipient blood types to avoid agglutination of red blood cells.
Blood group determination
Blood is defined as the connective tissue and it also contain such components such as RBC, WBC, Platelets,
Blood group ppt
This document discusses multiple blood group systems including ABO and Rh factor. It explains that the ABO system has three alleles (IA, IB, i) which determine four blood types (A, B, AB, O). The Rh system involves the D antigen, with Rh+ possessing the antigen and Rh- lacking it. Compatible blood transfusions require matching both systems to avoid hemolysis from antigen-antibody reactions. A kit test can determine blood type through agglutination reactions between cell antigens and serum antibodies.
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Blood groups.pptx
Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1901 and won the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1910 for this discovery. In 1940, Landsteiner and Alexander S. Wiener reported the Rh blood group system. The ABO blood group antigens differ in their terminal sugar and project above the red blood cell surface. Knowing blood group systems is important for safe blood transfusions, preventing hemolytic disease of newborn, solving legal disputes, and studying genetics. Landsteiner's Laws state that if an antigen is present, the corresponding antibody must be absent and vice versa. The Rh factor was first studied in rhesus monkeys.
Blood groups
- The ABO and Rh blood group systems are clinically significant for blood transfusions and determining transfusion compatibility. The ABO system was discovered in 1901 and includes A, B, AB, and O blood types. The Rh system involves the presence or absence of the D antigen.
- Incompatibilities between these blood group antigens and antibodies can cause transfusion reactions or hemolytic disease of the newborn. Proper blood typing and cross-matching is important for safe transfusions.
- The MNSs blood group system involves the M, N, S, and s antigens and antibodies to some of these can also cause transfusion reactions or erythroblastosis fetalis in newborns.
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The document discusses the history and science of blood banking and transfusion. It covers early attempts at blood transfusions dating back to ancient times. Major milestones include the discovery of the ABO blood group system in 1900 and the Rh system in 1940. The document also examines blood group inheritance and genetics. It provides details on the ABO and Rh blood group systems, including antigens, antibodies, donation compatibility, and inheritance patterns.
abo_blood_group_system_dr.gm.pptx.ppt
The ABO blood group system was discovered in 1900 by Karl Landsteiner, who identified three main blood types - A, B, and O. ABO blood types are determined by sugar molecules on red blood cell surfaces. People with type O blood can donate to all types, while type AB individuals can receive from all types. The Rh system was later discovered, with Rh+ and Rh- types that can cause hemolytic disease of the newborn if an Rh- mother has multiple Rh+ babies. Anti-Rh antibodies can prevent this condition.
Abo blood group system
ABO blood group system given by Karl Landsteiner.
Also includes details about Bombay Blood Group and Rh blood group System.
Blood typing ppt
Karl Landsteiner discovered the main human blood group systems in 1901 which allowed safer blood transfusions. He found that mixing blood from two individuals can cause clumping if they have incompatible blood types due to antigens and antibodies. There are four main blood types - A, B, AB and O based on the presence or absence of A and B antigens on red blood cells and the corresponding antibodies in plasma. The Rh system further divides blood into Rh+ and Rh- based on the presence of the Rh antigen. Understanding blood groups is crucial to ensure compatibility during transfusions.
Blood Typing PPT.ppt
Karl Landsteiner discovered the main human blood groups (A, B, AB and O) in 1901. He found that mixing blood from two individuals can cause clumping of red blood cells. This occurs due to the presence of antigens on red blood cells and corresponding antibodies in plasma. Landsteiner's discovery made blood transfusions safer by allowing blood typing. There are over 20 blood group systems but ABO and Rh (Rhesus) are most important. ABO blood groups are determined by inheritance of A, B or O alleles while Rh status depends on presence/absence of the D antigen. Compatibility between donor and recipient blood is crucial to avoid dangerous immune reactions.
Blood Typing
A blood type (also called a blood group) is a classification of blood based on the presence or absence of inherited antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). These antigens may be proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids, depending on the blood group system.
Blood grouping and Cross matching
This presentation aims to help medicine undergraduates and post graduates in the department of Pathology and Department of transfusion medicine for better understanding of various blood grouping systems, sub groups, RBC antigens and corresponding antibodies. It also covers the practical aspect of blood grouping and cross matching.
Blood groups & blood donations
Karl Landsteiner discovered the main human blood groups (A, B, AB, and O) in 1901. This discovery allowed safer blood transfusions by preventing fatal reactions between incompatible blood groups. The presence or absence of antigens (proteins) and antibodies on red blood cells and in plasma determines a person's blood group. The ABO and Rh blood group systems are most important for transfusions. A person can only receive blood from a donor with compatible or identical blood groups to prevent dangerous clumping of red blood cells.
Blood groups,blood transfusion,hazards,blood bank
Austrian Karl Landsteiner(1901) discovered –
Human blood possess different antigenic and immune properties
Blood clumping was an immunological reaction.
Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1930.
Adriano Sturli and Alfred von Decastello who were working under
Landsteiner discovered type AB a year later in 1902.
Janský is credited with the first classification of blood into the four types
(A, B, AB, O)in 1907, which remains in use today
Blood group
1. Karl Landsteiner discovered the main blood group systems (ABO and Rh) in 1900 and 1940 respectively. The ABO system categorizes blood into A, B, AB and O groups based on antigens on red blood cells.
2. Blood typing and cross-matching are important to ensure safe and compatible blood transfusions. Transfusing incompatible blood can cause hemolytic or allergic reactions in the recipient.
3. Other minor blood group systems have been discovered including MNS, Duffy, Kell and Lewis systems which are important for transfusion medicine and anthropological research. Understanding blood groups is crucial for blood banking and preventing diseases like hemolytic disease of the newborn.
Abo blood grouping and rh factor
An account on the types of blood groups and its biochemistry along with Rh factore and its incompatibility.
abobloodgroupsystem-170121130000.pptx
The ABO blood group system is one of the most important blood group systems for transfusions. It is determined by the ABO gene which has three alleles - IA, IB, and i - that encode for the A, B, and O antigens, respectively. The ABO blood types are determined by which alleles are present: IAIA or IAi produce type A blood, IBIB or IBi produce type B, IAIB produces AB, and ii produces O. The Rh system, specifically the D antigen, is the second most important blood group and sensitization to the D antigen in Rh-negative pregnant women can cause hemolytic disease of the newborn if not prevented.
Human Blood Groups 1234567891011121314.pptx
1. Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1901 and won the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1930 for this discovery.
2. The ABO blood group system categorizes blood based on the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells.
3. In 1940, Karl Landsteiner and Alexander S. Wiener reported the Rh blood group system, named for the rhesus monkey, with the Rh antigen being present or absent.
Inheritance and genetic of blood group
The document discusses the inheritance and genetics of blood group systems, focusing on the ABO and Rh blood group systems. The key points are:
1) The ABO and Rh blood group systems are the most important for blood transfusions. The blood group you belong to depends on what antigens you inherited from your parents.
2) The ABO system involves A, B, and O blood types which are determined by the presence or absence of A and B antigens. The Rh system involves Rh+ and Rh- blood types determined by the presence or absence of the Rh antigen.
3) Incompatible blood groups can cause agglutination if mixed, so it is important to understand blood group inheritance and compatibility for safe blood transf
BMLT 4th sem.ppt
Karl Landsteiner discovered the main human blood group systems in 1901. He found that mixing blood from two individuals can cause clumping of red blood cells. This occurs due to antibodies in the plasma that target antigens on red blood cells. There are four main blood groups - A, B, AB and O - determined by the presence or absence of A and B antigens on red blood cells and antibodies in the plasma. Understanding blood groups made blood transfusions safer by avoiding incompatible blood.
INTRODUCTION TO IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY.PPTX DMLT
This document provides an introduction to immunohaematology, also known as blood banking. It discusses the history of blood transfusions and advances in blood banking. Key developments include the discovery of the ABO blood group system by Landsteiner in 1901, the introduction of anticoagulants and blood preservation techniques. It also covers blood group genetics and antigens and antibodies related to the ABO and Rh blood group systems.
Blood group (population genetic and evolution) by nagendra sahu
This document provides information about different blood group types including ABO and Rh blood grouping systems. It discusses the discovery of blood groups by Karl Landsteiner who received the Nobel Prize for this work. The four main blood groups based on ABO antigens are described as well as inheritance of these antigens. The importance of matching blood types during transfusions and issues that can arise from mismatches like agglutination are explained. Rh factor and hemolytic disease in newborns due to Rh incompatibility are also summarized. The document concludes with brief information about the MNS blood grouping system.
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Blood group (population genetic and evolution) by nagendra sahu
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- 1. Blood Groups and Blood transfusion Physiology Nathan Kikku Mubiru (MLSO)
- 2. ▪ABO and Rh systems and their clinical significance. ▪Incompatibilities in Rh systems ▪Blood transfusions - basis of blood typing, Cross matching ▪Complications of Blood transfusions (transfusion reactions) Learning Objectives
- 3. ABO blood group system ▫First ever blood transfusion was made dog to dog by British physician Richard Lower in 1665. ▫Austrian immunologist Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group System in 1901. In 1910 he won Nobel prize for medicine for this discovery. In 1940- Karl Landsteiner and Alexander S Wiener reported another Rh blood group.
- 4. Importance of knowing about blood group system 1. Safe blood transfusion that may be life saving. 2. To prevent hemolytic disease of new born (Rh compatibility in newborn) 3. To solve the legal disputes related to parenting claimant. 4. To study the Mendelian laws of genetics.
- 5. ABO blood group system The ABO blood group antigens are complex oligosaccharide chains that differ in their terminal sugar and project above the RBC surface. following types of abs may develop- type A: anti-B abs, type B: anti-A abs, type O : both & type AB: neither.
- 6. Landsteiner’s Law 1. If a certain agglutinogen is present on the surface of RBCs, the corresponding agglutinin must be absent in the plasma. 2. If a certain agglutinogen is absent on the surface of RBCs, then corresponding agglutinin must be present in the plasma.
- 7. ABO blood types Relative frequency of different blood types: • O 47% • A 41% • B 09% • AB 3% (World) ABO blood group system- Relative frequency
- 8. Inheritance of ABO blood group system ▪The ABO locus has three main allele forms: A, B, & O. The A and B genes found on chromosome 9 and are inherited one gene (allele) from father and one from mother. 1.Homozygous A 2. Heterozygous A Genotype A/A Genotype A/0 Phenotype A Phenotype A
- 9. Inheritance of ABO blood group system Basic Precursor Substance H substance/Ag Presence of H H / Hh gene L-Fucosyl Transferase A gene B gene None of A & B genes N-acetyl- galactosaminyl Transferase D-galactosyl Transferase A & H – Ag Blood Group A B & H – Ag Blood Group B H – Ag Blood Group O ▪
- 10. Universal Donor and Recipient / ABO blood group Universal Donor : O-ve and Universal Recipient AB+ve
- 11. ▪The Rh factor, named for the rhesus monkey because it was first studied using the blood of this animal. ▪85% of whites are D-positive & 15% are D-negative; over 99% of Asians are D-positive. ▪Unlike the ABO antigens, the system has not been detected in tissues other than red cells. Rh blood group system
- 12. Hemolytic disease of the newborn (Erythroblastosis Fetalis) 1. Hydrops fetalis-baby may die in utero. 3. If mother has received anti D abs injection at time of Ist delivery, this causes neutralization of baby’s Rh+ve RBCs, and immune system does not activate to produce abs. 2. Erythroblastosis fetalis
- 13. Hemolytic disease of the newborn –Indirect Coomb’s Test
- 14. Self Assessment
- 15. Austrian immunologist Karl Landsteiner discovered the ................... System in 1901. In 1940- Karl Landsteiner and Alexander S Wiener reported ……………………………… The ABO blood group antigens are attached to …………………chains that differ in their terminal sugar If a certain agglutinogen is ……on the surface of RBCs, then corresponding agglutinin must be … in plasma. The ……and its allele h are inherited independently of the allels A, B and O genes. If mother has received anti D abs injection at time of Ist delivery, this causes neutralization of baby’s ………. and immune system does not activate to produce abs.
- 16. Thank you
Editor's Notes
- H gene causes L-fucose to be added to the terminal sugar of precursor chain, producing H antigen (shown in this diagram of a Type 2 H antigen saccharide chaine). Either A gene causes N-acetyl-galactosamine to be added to H substance, producing A antigen, B gene causes D-galactose to be added to H substance, producing B antigen If both A and B genes present, some H-chains converted to A antigen, some converted to B antigen.