This document discusses the effects of insulating a distillation column on a chemical process. Insulating reactor columns 1 and 4 reduced distillation times by approximately 30 and 20 hours respectively across multiple batches. Insulating the columns while maintaining a lower pot temperature improved fractionation and maintained or reduced polymer buildup levels. Moving forward, running additional batches with meticulous cleaning and reduced pot temperatures while closely monitoring fractionation and fouling could further optimize the process.
ENERGY MODELING OF THE PYROPROCESSING OF CLINKER IN A ROTARY CEMENT KILNISA Interchange
This paper highlights the efforts taken by the author in developing an Energy Model for the pyro-processing of Clinker production in a dry-process rotary cement kiln. In this paper this Energy Model is applied to a state of the art cement plant in a Far East Asian country. However this Energy Model is also applicable to all the modern dry process cement kilns. This model is based on actual field input data and site observations.
Air flow configuration is an important consideration in the design of a rotary kiln. This presentation looks at the different types of air flow available, and the benefits each has to offer.
ENERGY MODELING OF THE PYROPROCESSING OF CLINKER IN A ROTARY CEMENT KILNISA Interchange
This paper highlights the efforts taken by the author in developing an Energy Model for the pyro-processing of Clinker production in a dry-process rotary cement kiln. In this paper this Energy Model is applied to a state of the art cement plant in a Far East Asian country. However this Energy Model is also applicable to all the modern dry process cement kilns. This model is based on actual field input data and site observations.
Air flow configuration is an important consideration in the design of a rotary kiln. This presentation looks at the different types of air flow available, and the benefits each has to offer.
Cold storages are used for keeping perishashable food products. Design criteria for building and refrigeration concept for estimation of cooling load is decribed below.
Coke oven life prolongation a multidisciplinary approachJorge Madias
The replacement of aged batteries needs investment and will be submitted to growing environmental pressures. Hence, an important effort is carried out to make the battery last longer. In this paper, coke oven life prolongation technology is reviewed taken into account several points of view: blend design; battery heating; operational control; refractory maintenance. Also, a technique for the diagnostics of the degree of damage is presented, as a tool for follow-up, damage assessment and application of corrective actions
Non recovery-heat recovery cokemaking - a review of recent developmentsJorge Madias
This paper is an update of a previous publication in Spanish [1]. One of the current trends in the production of
metallurgical coke is the comeback of non-recovery ovens. This is driven by less interest in byproducts, smaller investment per annual ton, better environmental performance. The development took place particularly in China, India, USA, Brazil, Australia and Colombia [2]. In the USA, one important factor promoting this technology was that EPA declared it as Maximum Achievable Current technology in 1990. This technology arises from the classic beehive ovens which supplied since the XVIII century the coke for the industrial revolution. Those ovens were manually operated, with small heat recovery, just for heating the oven. Now, non-recovery ovens are modern construction, with highly mechanized operation, and automated to a certain degree. Gases generated by the combustion of the volatile matter are sent through downcomers and further burnt to heat the oven bottom and sides; in many cases, mostly when the plant is built within or closed to a steelmaking facility, the hot gas is used for vapor generation and electric power production. Main differences between conventional and non-recovery/heat recovery processes are shown in figure 1. In conventional process, the coal charged receives the heat indirectly through the furnace walls, by combustion of external gas; inside the oven, positive pressure develops. Gas generated in the coking process is sent to the
by-products plant. In non-recovery ovens, coking proceeds from the top through direct heating by the partial
combustion of the volatile matter over the coal bed, and from the bottom by heat coming from full combustion of gases escaping from the oven. In these plants, the offgas is treated and sent to the stack, in many cases after recovering sensible heat to produce vapor and electric power. Installed capacity for these furnaces was esteemed in 2005 in 22 M metric tons per year, probably including
beehive ovens [2]. In table 1, some of the non-recovery coke plants currently operating are listed. Some plants
belong to companies with coal mining as its core business; others are independent coke producers, purchasing coal and selling coke; then there is some joint ventures between coke producers and steelmakers,
and finally, captive coke plants belonging to steel companies.
Oil Cum gas Fired Boilers (Except Small size in Oil fired ) are three pass wet pack, horizontal, smoke tube type fusion welded. Boiler are made to IBR / DIN / BS / ASME code.Components are Engineered for maximum safety, Highest Efficiency, dependability and quite operation. Wet back Models eliminate rear end refractory and its inherent maintenance cost,reduces stress of rear tube sheet and ligament cracking, radiant heat is eliminated, lengthening tube life and reducing heat loss from rear turn around.
1. Fully wet - back design effectively absorbs radiant heat into the water, keeping tube ends and rear of coiler cooler than in dry back design.
2. Three passes extract maximum useble heat from the fuel.
3. Large water - surrounded furnace tube assures complete combustion and heat absorption without flame impingement.
CONSTRUCTION
ENERGYPACK Boilers are three pass wet back, horizontal, smoke tube type fusion welded. Boilers
are made to IBR/DIN/BS/ASME-code. Components are engineered for maximum safety, highest
efficiency, dependability and quiet operation. Wet back models eliminate rear end refractory and its
inherent maintenance cost, reduces stress of rear tube sheet and ligament cracking, radiant heat is
eliminated, lengthening tube life and reducing heat loss from rear turnaround.
Unique design features
♦ Fully automatic pressure jet Burner – Boiler furnace design suitable for Imported Weishaupt/Reillo & Indian modulating burner.
♦ Efficiency enhancement – Optional accessories such as air preheater and economizer can be integrated with the main unit.
♦ Automation with Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) with Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system can also be offered at an extra cost. Standard boilers are supplied with fully automatic operation with safety interlocks & alarm.
Experimentation on heat pipe and cfd analysis for performance enhancementeSAT Journals
Abstract
Heat Pipe is a heat transfer device used in many applications and it is very similar in some respects to the thermosyphon. Since there were several limitations of thermosyphon, heat pipe was developed. The idea of the heat pipe was first suggested in 1942, since then over a several decades the serious development of a heat pipe took place. Heat pipe mainly consists of three regions viz. evaporator, adiabatic and condenser section. The heat pipe differs from the thermosyphon by virtue of its ability to transport heat against gravity by an evaporation-condensation cycle. This research work includes experimentation on available heat pipe, development of CFD model and its validation with experimental results using CFD Tool. The results obtained by CFD are in good agreement with an experimental results. Since the heat pipe is used for transferring the heat, this research work focuses on increasing the heat transfer by modified model, modifications in terms of increased surface area, is proposed. From CFD analysis it was found that the proposed modified heat pipe shows enhancement in performance in terms of heat transfer rate by 19% when it is simulated for without heat sink case and 45% while with heat sink case, compared to conventional heat pipe. The mixture multiphase model from CFD too is used for simulation of heat pipe.
Steel in industries is manufactured in two ways, traditionally by using raw materials like iron ore, coal and limestone in blast furnace or by recycling the material using electric arc furnaces.
Cold storages are used for keeping perishashable food products. Design criteria for building and refrigeration concept for estimation of cooling load is decribed below.
Coke oven life prolongation a multidisciplinary approachJorge Madias
The replacement of aged batteries needs investment and will be submitted to growing environmental pressures. Hence, an important effort is carried out to make the battery last longer. In this paper, coke oven life prolongation technology is reviewed taken into account several points of view: blend design; battery heating; operational control; refractory maintenance. Also, a technique for the diagnostics of the degree of damage is presented, as a tool for follow-up, damage assessment and application of corrective actions
Non recovery-heat recovery cokemaking - a review of recent developmentsJorge Madias
This paper is an update of a previous publication in Spanish [1]. One of the current trends in the production of
metallurgical coke is the comeback of non-recovery ovens. This is driven by less interest in byproducts, smaller investment per annual ton, better environmental performance. The development took place particularly in China, India, USA, Brazil, Australia and Colombia [2]. In the USA, one important factor promoting this technology was that EPA declared it as Maximum Achievable Current technology in 1990. This technology arises from the classic beehive ovens which supplied since the XVIII century the coke for the industrial revolution. Those ovens were manually operated, with small heat recovery, just for heating the oven. Now, non-recovery ovens are modern construction, with highly mechanized operation, and automated to a certain degree. Gases generated by the combustion of the volatile matter are sent through downcomers and further burnt to heat the oven bottom and sides; in many cases, mostly when the plant is built within or closed to a steelmaking facility, the hot gas is used for vapor generation and electric power production. Main differences between conventional and non-recovery/heat recovery processes are shown in figure 1. In conventional process, the coal charged receives the heat indirectly through the furnace walls, by combustion of external gas; inside the oven, positive pressure develops. Gas generated in the coking process is sent to the
by-products plant. In non-recovery ovens, coking proceeds from the top through direct heating by the partial
combustion of the volatile matter over the coal bed, and from the bottom by heat coming from full combustion of gases escaping from the oven. In these plants, the offgas is treated and sent to the stack, in many cases after recovering sensible heat to produce vapor and electric power. Installed capacity for these furnaces was esteemed in 2005 in 22 M metric tons per year, probably including
beehive ovens [2]. In table 1, some of the non-recovery coke plants currently operating are listed. Some plants
belong to companies with coal mining as its core business; others are independent coke producers, purchasing coal and selling coke; then there is some joint ventures between coke producers and steelmakers,
and finally, captive coke plants belonging to steel companies.
Oil Cum gas Fired Boilers (Except Small size in Oil fired ) are three pass wet pack, horizontal, smoke tube type fusion welded. Boiler are made to IBR / DIN / BS / ASME code.Components are Engineered for maximum safety, Highest Efficiency, dependability and quite operation. Wet back Models eliminate rear end refractory and its inherent maintenance cost,reduces stress of rear tube sheet and ligament cracking, radiant heat is eliminated, lengthening tube life and reducing heat loss from rear turn around.
1. Fully wet - back design effectively absorbs radiant heat into the water, keeping tube ends and rear of coiler cooler than in dry back design.
2. Three passes extract maximum useble heat from the fuel.
3. Large water - surrounded furnace tube assures complete combustion and heat absorption without flame impingement.
CONSTRUCTION
ENERGYPACK Boilers are three pass wet back, horizontal, smoke tube type fusion welded. Boilers
are made to IBR/DIN/BS/ASME-code. Components are engineered for maximum safety, highest
efficiency, dependability and quiet operation. Wet back models eliminate rear end refractory and its
inherent maintenance cost, reduces stress of rear tube sheet and ligament cracking, radiant heat is
eliminated, lengthening tube life and reducing heat loss from rear turnaround.
Unique design features
♦ Fully automatic pressure jet Burner – Boiler furnace design suitable for Imported Weishaupt/Reillo & Indian modulating burner.
♦ Efficiency enhancement – Optional accessories such as air preheater and economizer can be integrated with the main unit.
♦ Automation with Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) with Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system can also be offered at an extra cost. Standard boilers are supplied with fully automatic operation with safety interlocks & alarm.
Experimentation on heat pipe and cfd analysis for performance enhancementeSAT Journals
Abstract
Heat Pipe is a heat transfer device used in many applications and it is very similar in some respects to the thermosyphon. Since there were several limitations of thermosyphon, heat pipe was developed. The idea of the heat pipe was first suggested in 1942, since then over a several decades the serious development of a heat pipe took place. Heat pipe mainly consists of three regions viz. evaporator, adiabatic and condenser section. The heat pipe differs from the thermosyphon by virtue of its ability to transport heat against gravity by an evaporation-condensation cycle. This research work includes experimentation on available heat pipe, development of CFD model and its validation with experimental results using CFD Tool. The results obtained by CFD are in good agreement with an experimental results. Since the heat pipe is used for transferring the heat, this research work focuses on increasing the heat transfer by modified model, modifications in terms of increased surface area, is proposed. From CFD analysis it was found that the proposed modified heat pipe shows enhancement in performance in terms of heat transfer rate by 19% when it is simulated for without heat sink case and 45% while with heat sink case, compared to conventional heat pipe. The mixture multiphase model from CFD too is used for simulation of heat pipe.
Steel in industries is manufactured in two ways, traditionally by using raw materials like iron ore, coal and limestone in blast furnace or by recycling the material using electric arc furnaces.
Partner auf Social Media: Wie Sie Partnernetzwerke durch Social Listening för...Talkwalker
Partner- und Vertriebsnetzwerke sind zentrale Elemente für die unterschiedlichsten Branchen, doch wie behält man den Überblick über die Aktivitäten von Partnern? Mit wachsenden Netzwerken und globaler Expansion ist es arbeitsintensiv und zeitaufwändig, Marken und Produkte effizient zu managen.
Insbesondere für Software-Unternehmen ist der Vertrieb durch Partner ein wichtiger Geschäftsaspekt. Für höchste Effektivität müssen diese Partnerschaften umsichtig gehandhabt werden.
In unserem neuen Report haben wir die Ergebnisse der letzten 6 Monate für große Software-Unternehmen wie SAP, IBM und Oracle sowie ihre Partner analysiert. Anhand dieser Beispiele zeigen wir, wie Marken Social Listening nutzen können, um:
-den Überblick über ihre indirekten Vertriebskanäle behalten, indem sie die Social Media-Aktivitäten ihrer Partner analysieren
-durch die Optimierung ihrer Social Media-Performance die Sichtbarkeit ihrer Marke steigern
-die Rendite aus Partner-Netzwerken durch konsequentes Reporting und die Integration von Social Data steigern
nuances Energieeffizienz-Newsletter, 13. Mai 2015nuances
Interview mit Volkmar Vogel (CDU) zu WEG, Gabriel stellt Anreizprogramm Energieeffizienz vor, Update: Nationaler Aktionsplan Energieeffizienz (NAPE), Verteilung der KfW-Mittel auf die Bundesländer
Purpose
Key to good performance
Problem Areas
Catalysts, heat shields and plant up-rates
Burner Guns
Development of High Intensity Ring Burner
Case Studies
Conclusions
Catalyst Catastrophes in Syngas Production - I
The Hazards
Review incidents by reactor
Purification….
Through the various unit operations to
Ammonia synthesis
Nickel Carbonyl
Pre-reduced catalysts
Discharging catalysts
Conclusion
Ritemp mold cooling is a technology which has lot of future scope but when it comes to impelmentation of this technology it is a challenge in its own way
Quenching is a vital part of the heat treating process in manufacturing. Polymer quenchants are one option for quenching operations, and knowing which one to choose is key to successful heat treating applications. Scott Mackenzie, PhD, FASM, from Houghton International shares what you need to know when selecting quenching oils for your heat treating operations.
1. THE EFFECTS OF AN INSULATED HEMA COLUMN
NICK HUANG
PRODUCTION INTERN
2016 BIMAX INC.
2. BACKGROUND
Reactor 1
Mitsubishi
Less MEHQ
Light ends less stable than DOW
Less polymer buildup
Reactor 4
DOW
More EGDMA
Significantly more MEHQ
Substantial polymer buildup
3. BACKGROUND
The Process
Distillation
Cutting the deck
Separating components by boiling points
Affected by temperature, vacuum, column type
Blending
Cuts from past batches
5. OUR GOAL
Improve fractionation
Observe effects on clean out
Quicker turn around
Polymerization
Identify relationships between output
and insulation
Pot & head temp, vacuum, fractionation,
polymer build up
Make changes accordingly
Lower reactor/jacket or column temp
6. PROCEDURE
Clean reactor 1 & 4
Run 2 batches with super clean out
Ordered materials from McMaster
Pipe/R-30 fiber glass insulation
Wrapped columns and head
Thermocouple on side of columns
Skin temp ~ 58oC
7. DATA
4 Batches for reactor 1
Distillation time reduced by ~30 hours
6 Batches for reactor 4
Distillation time reduced by ~20 hours
10. OBSERVATIONS
Insulated, lower pot temp
Improve fractionation
Maintain/reduce the level of polymer
Several scenarios
Insulated, normal pot temp
Reduction in distillation time
Reduced fouling
Diminished fractionation
11. MOVING FORWARD
Run more batches
Meticulously cleaned out
Monitor cleanliness
Run numerous batches with reduced pot temp
Improve fractionation
Spend more time in cut 1 window
Observe affect on fouling
Editor's Notes
Packed column, plate column, explain MEHQ, high/low boilers, what is done to HEMA (blends etc.)
MEHQ = Inhibitor, decreases rate of reaction/polymerization
EGDMA
Packed column, plate column, explain MEHQ, high/low boilers, what is done to HEMA (blends etc.)
Show cut data
What’s in HEMA
What did we expect it to do?
To speed up the distillation, since the temp of the column is ~2 degrees high
Elaborate on polymer
only run 4 – 6 batches. Need more to get a better idea.
Operators says it seems the same
Temperature affecting polymer
No where near finished with experiment. Need another 6 months
