SlideShare a Scribd company logo
METHOD OF TEACHING
1
• Knowing a language was being able to speak
it
2
• Second language learning must be an
imitation of first language learning
3
• Printed word must be kept away from second
language learner for as long as possible
4
• The written word / writing should be
delayed until after the printed word has
been introduced.
5
• The learning of grammar/ translating
skills should be avoided
6
• All above items must be avoided
because they hinder the acquisition of
a good oral proficiency.
The major mistake is this
method believes that foreign
language must be learned as
mother tongue
2. Learning new language is
different from learning mother
tongue. This should be aware by
the teacher
3. Compare learning of
second language
Tell the students that
learning second or
foreign language is also
important
4. The Direct Method rejects use of the printed word
5. Later disciples of Direct Method took it to extremes and
refused to speak a single word of English in lessons.
6. Successful teacher of the Direct Method needed
competence in his language / stamina/ energy/
imagination/ ability and time to create own materials
and courses
7. Also Direct Methodists failed to grade and structure their materials
adequately

More Related Content

What's hot

Grammar translation method
Grammar translation methodGrammar translation method
Grammar translation method
Loc Le
 
English ppt
English pptEnglish ppt
English ppt
NEETHU241992
 
Tefl
TeflTefl
The grammar translation method
The grammar translation methodThe grammar translation method
The grammar translation method
Nur Ashikin Mohd Sa'ay
 
Grammar Translation Method
Grammar Translation MethodGrammar Translation Method
Grammar Translation Method
Marisol
 
Grammar translation method
Grammar   translation methodGrammar   translation method
Grammar translation method
Tamer Okumuş
 
Critics of grammar translation method sunum
Critics of grammar translation method sunumCritics of grammar translation method sunum
Critics of grammar translation method sunumBuse Doğar Kayadelen
 
The grammar translation method
The grammar translation methodThe grammar translation method
The grammar translation method
Gültekin Boran
 
Ch 2 the grammar translation method
Ch 2 the grammar translation methodCh 2 the grammar translation method
Ch 2 the grammar translation methodjcckao
 
Grammar translation method
Grammar translation methodGrammar translation method
Grammar translation method
Raquel Benaion
 
grammar translation method
grammar translation methodgrammar translation method
grammar translation methodizadimarzi
 
Grammar Translation Method
Grammar Translation MethodGrammar Translation Method
Grammar Translation MethodRafy D'jany
 
Gtm presentation
Gtm presentationGtm presentation
Gtm presentation
Widya' Amnezhia
 
Grammar translation method correcta
Grammar translation method correctaGrammar translation method correcta
Grammar translation method correctaIrania Garcia
 
The grammar translation method sutriyani
The grammar translation method sutriyaniThe grammar translation method sutriyani
The grammar translation method sutriyanisamosir01
 
GTM, DM,GTM vs DM, Language Learning and Teaching methods , Grammar translati...
GTM, DM,GTM vs DM, Language Learning and Teaching methods , Grammar translati...GTM, DM,GTM vs DM, Language Learning and Teaching methods , Grammar translati...
GTM, DM,GTM vs DM, Language Learning and Teaching methods , Grammar translati...
Naqvisailya
 
Audio lingual method
Audio lingual methodAudio lingual method
Audio lingual method
Angelica Cataluña
 
The Grammar – Translation Method
The Grammar – Translation MethodThe Grammar – Translation Method
The Grammar – Translation MethodSyahyar Bahagia
 
The Use Of Grammar Translation Method(GTM) In The Subject Of English At The P...
The Use Of Grammar Translation Method(GTM) In The Subject Of English At The P...The Use Of Grammar Translation Method(GTM) In The Subject Of English At The P...
The Use Of Grammar Translation Method(GTM) In The Subject Of English At The P...
Pakistan
 

What's hot (19)

Grammar translation method
Grammar translation methodGrammar translation method
Grammar translation method
 
English ppt
English pptEnglish ppt
English ppt
 
Tefl
TeflTefl
Tefl
 
The grammar translation method
The grammar translation methodThe grammar translation method
The grammar translation method
 
Grammar Translation Method
Grammar Translation MethodGrammar Translation Method
Grammar Translation Method
 
Grammar translation method
Grammar   translation methodGrammar   translation method
Grammar translation method
 
Critics of grammar translation method sunum
Critics of grammar translation method sunumCritics of grammar translation method sunum
Critics of grammar translation method sunum
 
The grammar translation method
The grammar translation methodThe grammar translation method
The grammar translation method
 
Ch 2 the grammar translation method
Ch 2 the grammar translation methodCh 2 the grammar translation method
Ch 2 the grammar translation method
 
Grammar translation method
Grammar translation methodGrammar translation method
Grammar translation method
 
grammar translation method
grammar translation methodgrammar translation method
grammar translation method
 
Grammar Translation Method
Grammar Translation MethodGrammar Translation Method
Grammar Translation Method
 
Gtm presentation
Gtm presentationGtm presentation
Gtm presentation
 
Grammar translation method correcta
Grammar translation method correctaGrammar translation method correcta
Grammar translation method correcta
 
The grammar translation method sutriyani
The grammar translation method sutriyaniThe grammar translation method sutriyani
The grammar translation method sutriyani
 
GTM, DM,GTM vs DM, Language Learning and Teaching methods , Grammar translati...
GTM, DM,GTM vs DM, Language Learning and Teaching methods , Grammar translati...GTM, DM,GTM vs DM, Language Learning and Teaching methods , Grammar translati...
GTM, DM,GTM vs DM, Language Learning and Teaching methods , Grammar translati...
 
Audio lingual method
Audio lingual methodAudio lingual method
Audio lingual method
 
The Grammar – Translation Method
The Grammar – Translation MethodThe Grammar – Translation Method
The Grammar – Translation Method
 
The Use Of Grammar Translation Method(GTM) In The Subject Of English At The P...
The Use Of Grammar Translation Method(GTM) In The Subject Of English At The P...The Use Of Grammar Translation Method(GTM) In The Subject Of English At The P...
The Use Of Grammar Translation Method(GTM) In The Subject Of English At The P...
 

Similar to Hayatun

Grammar translation method
Grammar translation methodGrammar translation method
Grammar translation method
Nuzhat Nasir
 
ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING 1.docx
ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING 1.docxENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING 1.docx
ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING 1.docx
MarryiamKhan
 
GRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHHOD.pptx
GRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHHOD.pptxGRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHHOD.pptx
GRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHHOD.pptx
Andrew_Braza
 
Direct method for language teaching
Direct method for language teachingDirect method for language teaching
Direct method for language teaching
KalsoomJahan1
 
Directing conversation sessions
Directing conversation sessionsDirecting conversation sessions
Directing conversation sessions
Redzh Chriscel
 
Presentation1 130525063009-phpapp02
Presentation1 130525063009-phpapp02Presentation1 130525063009-phpapp02
Presentation1 130525063009-phpapp02Danica Dionela
 
Lesson 3.(Direct method)ppt.pptx
Lesson 3.(Direct method)ppt.pptxLesson 3.(Direct method)ppt.pptx
Lesson 3.(Direct method)ppt.pptx
ELMUROTTursunov
 
Stages of second language acquisition
Stages of second language acquisitionStages of second language acquisition
Stages of second language acquisition
AMaashi2000
 
Grammar translation method
Grammar translation methodGrammar translation method
Grammar translation method
Sabilla Ramadhani
 
Direct and audiolingual method (jean romo)
Direct and audiolingual method (jean romo)Direct and audiolingual method (jean romo)
Direct and audiolingual method (jean romo)
jean16romo
 
Modules 1 lesson 3 elln digital
Modules 1 lesson 3 elln digitalModules 1 lesson 3 elln digital
Modules 1 lesson 3 elln digital
MARICRIS EGONIA
 
Fatmatul Aisyah 16108810001
Fatmatul Aisyah 16108810001Fatmatul Aisyah 16108810001
Fatmatul Aisyah 16108810001
FatmaAisyah
 
Gtm
GtmGtm
ELT METHODS: GRAMMAR TRANSLATION
ELT METHODS: GRAMMAR TRANSLATIONELT METHODS: GRAMMAR TRANSLATION
ELT METHODS: GRAMMAR TRANSLATIONnyemdoh
 
Second language teaching methods
Second language teaching methodsSecond language teaching methods
Second language teaching methodsfadilaAli
 
direct method
direct methoddirect method
direct method
Riaz Uddin
 
Second language teaching methods
Second language teaching methodsSecond language teaching methods
Second language teaching methodsfadilaAli
 
Second language teaching methods
Second language teaching methodsSecond language teaching methods
Second language teaching methodsfadilaAli
 

Similar to Hayatun (20)

Grammar translation method
Grammar translation methodGrammar translation method
Grammar translation method
 
ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING 1.docx
ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING 1.docxENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING 1.docx
ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING 1.docx
 
GRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHHOD.pptx
GRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHHOD.pptxGRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHHOD.pptx
GRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHHOD.pptx
 
Direct method for language teaching
Direct method for language teachingDirect method for language teaching
Direct method for language teaching
 
Directing conversation sessions
Directing conversation sessionsDirecting conversation sessions
Directing conversation sessions
 
Direct method
Direct methodDirect method
Direct method
 
Presentation1 130525063009-phpapp02
Presentation1 130525063009-phpapp02Presentation1 130525063009-phpapp02
Presentation1 130525063009-phpapp02
 
Lesson 3.(Direct method)ppt.pptx
Lesson 3.(Direct method)ppt.pptxLesson 3.(Direct method)ppt.pptx
Lesson 3.(Direct method)ppt.pptx
 
Stages of second language acquisition
Stages of second language acquisitionStages of second language acquisition
Stages of second language acquisition
 
Grammar translation method
Grammar translation methodGrammar translation method
Grammar translation method
 
Direct and audiolingual method (jean romo)
Direct and audiolingual method (jean romo)Direct and audiolingual method (jean romo)
Direct and audiolingual method (jean romo)
 
Modules 1 lesson 3 elln digital
Modules 1 lesson 3 elln digitalModules 1 lesson 3 elln digital
Modules 1 lesson 3 elln digital
 
Fatmatul Aisyah 16108810001
Fatmatul Aisyah 16108810001Fatmatul Aisyah 16108810001
Fatmatul Aisyah 16108810001
 
Gtm
GtmGtm
Gtm
 
ELT METHODS: GRAMMAR TRANSLATION
ELT METHODS: GRAMMAR TRANSLATIONELT METHODS: GRAMMAR TRANSLATION
ELT METHODS: GRAMMAR TRANSLATION
 
Second language teaching methods
Second language teaching methodsSecond language teaching methods
Second language teaching methods
 
direct method
direct methoddirect method
direct method
 
Dm
DmDm
Dm
 
Second language teaching methods
Second language teaching methodsSecond language teaching methods
Second language teaching methods
 
Second language teaching methods
Second language teaching methodsSecond language teaching methods
Second language teaching methods
 

More from Syahyar Bahagia (20)

Power point ctl
Power point ctlPower point ctl
Power point ctl
 
Role play.siti khtimah.pptx method
Role play.siti khtimah.pptx methodRole play.siti khtimah.pptx method
Role play.siti khtimah.pptx method
 
Maulina method
Maulina methodMaulina method
Maulina method
 
Perbaikan lena adilla
Perbaikan lena adillaPerbaikan lena adilla
Perbaikan lena adilla
 
Perbaikan reni yunita
Perbaikan reni yunitaPerbaikan reni yunita
Perbaikan reni yunita
 
Nurfatma (peer teaching and group dynamic)
Nurfatma (peer teaching and group dynamic)Nurfatma (peer teaching and group dynamic)
Nurfatma (peer teaching and group dynamic)
 
Whole language
Whole languageWhole language
Whole language
 
Blended learning khairurrahmi. method
Blended learning khairurrahmi. methodBlended learning khairurrahmi. method
Blended learning khairurrahmi. method
 
Susan pp
Susan ppSusan pp
Susan pp
 
Afni
AfniAfni
Afni
 
Nami punya method
Nami punya method Nami punya method
Nami punya method
 
Anisa
AnisaAnisa
Anisa
 
Nara shinta agustin. drilling
Nara shinta agustin. drillingNara shinta agustin. drilling
Nara shinta agustin. drilling
 
Lexical approach by umi darda, smstr 6 unit 4
Lexical approach by umi darda, smstr 6 unit 4Lexical approach by umi darda, smstr 6 unit 4
Lexical approach by umi darda, smstr 6 unit 4
 
Cutsriwahyuni
CutsriwahyuniCutsriwahyuni
Cutsriwahyuni
 
Riydha karina slt
Riydha karina sltRiydha karina slt
Riydha karina slt
 
Anita
AnitaAnita
Anita
 
Tpr power point
Tpr power pointTpr power point
Tpr power point
 
Ema
EmaEma
Ema
 
Method of teaching ema
Method of teaching emaMethod of teaching ema
Method of teaching ema
 

Recently uploaded

Reflective and Evaluative Practice PowerPoint
Reflective and Evaluative Practice PowerPointReflective and Evaluative Practice PowerPoint
Reflective and Evaluative Practice PowerPoint
amberjdewit93
 
DRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
DRUGS AND ITS classification slide shareDRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
DRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
taiba qazi
 
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHatAzure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Scholarhat
 
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
 
World environment day ppt For 5 June 2024
World environment day ppt For 5 June 2024World environment day ppt For 5 June 2024
World environment day ppt For 5 June 2024
ak6969907
 
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe..."Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
SACHIN R KONDAGURI
 
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO PerspectiveAdvantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Krisztián Száraz
 
Reflective and Evaluative Practice...pdf
Reflective and Evaluative Practice...pdfReflective and Evaluative Practice...pdf
Reflective and Evaluative Practice...pdf
amberjdewit93
 
MERN Stack Developer Roadmap By ScholarHat PDF
MERN Stack Developer Roadmap By ScholarHat PDFMERN Stack Developer Roadmap By ScholarHat PDF
MERN Stack Developer Roadmap By ScholarHat PDF
scholarhattraining
 
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
RitikBhardwaj56
 
Top five deadliest dog breeds in America
Top five deadliest dog breeds in AmericaTop five deadliest dog breeds in America
Top five deadliest dog breeds in America
Bisnar Chase Personal Injury Attorneys
 
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
National Information Standards Organization (NISO)
 
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective UpskillingYour Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Excellence Foundation for South Sudan
 
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptxChapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Mohd Adib Abd Muin, Senior Lecturer at Universiti Utara Malaysia
 
Aficamten in HCM (SEQUOIA HCM TRIAL 2024)
Aficamten in HCM (SEQUOIA HCM TRIAL 2024)Aficamten in HCM (SEQUOIA HCM TRIAL 2024)
Aficamten in HCM (SEQUOIA HCM TRIAL 2024)
Ashish Kohli
 
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
Levi Shapiro
 
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental DesignDigital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
amberjdewit93
 
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
Academy of Science of South Africa
 
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleHow to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
Celine George
 
Assignment_4_ArianaBusciglio Marvel(1).docx
Assignment_4_ArianaBusciglio Marvel(1).docxAssignment_4_ArianaBusciglio Marvel(1).docx
Assignment_4_ArianaBusciglio Marvel(1).docx
ArianaBusciglio
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Reflective and Evaluative Practice PowerPoint
Reflective and Evaluative Practice PowerPointReflective and Evaluative Practice PowerPoint
Reflective and Evaluative Practice PowerPoint
 
DRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
DRUGS AND ITS classification slide shareDRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
DRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
 
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHatAzure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
 
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
 
World environment day ppt For 5 June 2024
World environment day ppt For 5 June 2024World environment day ppt For 5 June 2024
World environment day ppt For 5 June 2024
 
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe..."Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
 
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO PerspectiveAdvantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
 
Reflective and Evaluative Practice...pdf
Reflective and Evaluative Practice...pdfReflective and Evaluative Practice...pdf
Reflective and Evaluative Practice...pdf
 
MERN Stack Developer Roadmap By ScholarHat PDF
MERN Stack Developer Roadmap By ScholarHat PDFMERN Stack Developer Roadmap By ScholarHat PDF
MERN Stack Developer Roadmap By ScholarHat PDF
 
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
 
Top five deadliest dog breeds in America
Top five deadliest dog breeds in AmericaTop five deadliest dog breeds in America
Top five deadliest dog breeds in America
 
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
 
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective UpskillingYour Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
 
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptxChapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
 
Aficamten in HCM (SEQUOIA HCM TRIAL 2024)
Aficamten in HCM (SEQUOIA HCM TRIAL 2024)Aficamten in HCM (SEQUOIA HCM TRIAL 2024)
Aficamten in HCM (SEQUOIA HCM TRIAL 2024)
 
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
 
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental DesignDigital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
 
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
 
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleHow to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
 
Assignment_4_ArianaBusciglio Marvel(1).docx
Assignment_4_ArianaBusciglio Marvel(1).docxAssignment_4_ArianaBusciglio Marvel(1).docx
Assignment_4_ArianaBusciglio Marvel(1).docx
 

Hayatun

  • 2. 1 • Knowing a language was being able to speak it 2 • Second language learning must be an imitation of first language learning 3 • Printed word must be kept away from second language learner for as long as possible
  • 3. 4 • The written word / writing should be delayed until after the printed word has been introduced. 5 • The learning of grammar/ translating skills should be avoided 6 • All above items must be avoided because they hinder the acquisition of a good oral proficiency.
  • 4. The major mistake is this method believes that foreign language must be learned as mother tongue
  • 5. 2. Learning new language is different from learning mother tongue. This should be aware by the teacher
  • 6. 3. Compare learning of second language Tell the students that learning second or foreign language is also important
  • 7. 4. The Direct Method rejects use of the printed word 5. Later disciples of Direct Method took it to extremes and refused to speak a single word of English in lessons. 6. Successful teacher of the Direct Method needed competence in his language / stamina/ energy/ imagination/ ability and time to create own materials and courses 7. Also Direct Methodists failed to grade and structure their materials adequately