Hallux valgus
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Hallux valgus, also known as a bunion, is a deformity of the foot where the first metatarsal bone and great toe are misaligned. It occurs more frequently in females and risk increases with age, and may be genetic. Symptoms include pain, calluses, reduced range of motion. Conservative treatment focuses on supportive shoes while surgical correction realigns bones. Postoperative care involves elevation, limited activity, pain medication, and bandage changes to aid healing.
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This document discusses congenital hyper extension and dislocation of the knee. It begins with an introduction describing the spectrum of the condition from positional contractures to rigid dislocation. It is often associated with other developmental hip and foot conditions. Structurally, the anterior knee capsule and quadriceps mechanism are contracted. Clinically, it presents with a hyperextended knee at birth. Treatment depends on severity, with non-operative treatment using casting for mild cases and surgical release for more severe or non-responsive cases.
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This document provides an overview of hallux valgus, including its anatomy, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Key points include:
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This document provides an overview of hallux valgus, including its anatomy, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Key points include:
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Following References were used to prepare this powerpoint presentation which makes the slides accurate and relaible for studying purpose; Therapeutic Exrercise – Carolyn Kisner
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MEDICAL MANAGGEMENT
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Pes cavus (High ArchFoot) - PHYSIO
Deformities observed with Pes cavus includes :
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*contracture of the plantar fascia
*cock-up deformity of the great toe
Following References were used to prepare this powerpoint presentation which makes the slides accurate and relaible for studying purpose; Therapeutic Exrercise – Carolyn Kisner
Orthopaedic Physical Assessment – Magee
Orthopaedic Medicine – L. Ombregt
Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics
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DEFINITION
TYPES
ORTHOPAEDIC ASSESSMENT
MEDICAL MANAGGEMENT
PHYSIOTHERAPY MANAGEMENT
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
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Paget's disease is a chronic skeletal disorder that involves abnormal bone remodeling. The bones break down more quickly and can become enlarged and deformed. While the exact cause is unknown, it is believed to involve a viral infection in genetically predisposed individuals. Treatment focuses on controlling symptoms and slowing bone turnover using bisphosphonates, calcitonin, or surgery for fractures or deformities. It most commonly affects people over age 40 and has higher prevalence in certain regions like the UK, US, and Western Europe.
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This document summarizes several lower limb deformities:
Coxa vara is a hip deformity where the femoral neck angle is reduced below 120 degrees, causing limb shortening and limp. Coxa valga is the opposite deformity with an increased femoral neck angle. Femoral retroversion and hallux valgus (bunions) are also common deformities discussed. Treatment options ranged from observation to osteotomies and surgery depending on the severity of the case. Clubfoot (congenital talipes equinovarus) is often treated using the Ponseti method of manipulation and casting to correct deformity without surgery.
Heel pain
Plantar fasciitis is a common cause of heel pain that results from inflammation of the plantar fascia ligament in the foot. It occurs most often in runners and can be caused by repetitive stress or overload on the plantar fascia from increased physical activity or being overweight. Symptoms include pain along the bottom of the heel that is worse with first steps in the morning or after periods of rest. Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, strengthening the foot muscles, and modifying activities to avoid reinjury through rest, ice, stretching, orthotics, and shoe modifications.
Foot care
The document provides information about common foot problems and their causes. It discusses that 3 out of 4 people experience foot problems in their lifetime due to factors like ill-fitting shoes and neglect of proper foot care. It also notes that women experience foot issues like high heels more than men. The document includes diagrams of foot bones and ligaments as well as information about specific conditions like plantar fasciitis, bunions, corns and calluses, heel spurs, Achilles tendonitis, and diabetic foot complications.
Foot pain problems
The document provides information on common foot pain problems including their anatomy, causes, symptoms, physical exam findings, investigations, and treatment options. It discusses issues such as plantar fasciitis, heel fat pad syndrome, stress fractures of the calcaneus, navicular, and cuboid bones, tarsal tunnel syndrome, lateral plantar nerve entrapment, tibialis posterior tendinopathy, extensor tendinopathy, cuboid syndrome, and midfoot issues. Conservative treatments include rest, ice, stretching, orthotics, and strengthening exercises while surgical options are considered for more severe or chronic cases.
Plantar fasciitis
Plantar fasciitis is a painful inflammatory condition of the plantar fascia in the sole of the foot, often caused by overuse. It commonly causes heel pain with the first steps in the morning or after periods of rest. Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, stretching the fascia, and supporting the arch through various physical therapies, orthotics, and in severe cases, corticosteroid injections or surgery.
Flat Foot, Tibialis Posterior Tendon Dysfunction & Accessory Navicularis
1. The document discusses the anatomy and biomechanics of the foot, including the arches and their supporting structures.
2. It then focuses on flat foot, its types and causes, as well as posterior tibial tendon dysfunction which is a common cause of acquired flat foot in adults.
3. Treatment options for flat foot include conservative measures as well as various surgical procedures depending on the severity and underlying cause, such as arthrodesis and tendon transfers.
My Feet Ache, Now What? - Dr. Ucciiferri - 12.9.19 - Bernardsville Library
Foot, heel and arch pain can occur for a variety of reasons. The pain can be more severe with certain types of footwear, especially dress shoes. Don’t let foot pain stop you from dancing into the holiday season. Learn about some common foot pain conditions, such as plantar fasciitis (heel pain), Morton’s neuroma (feeling of a pebble or folding sock in foot) and other foot pain conditions, and the many treatment methods used to alleviate pain.
Flatfeet (flexible)
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Heel Pain and Plantar Fasciitis
Plantar fasciitis is a painful foot condition caused by inflammation of the plantar fascia, a thick band of connective tissue that runs along the bottom of the foot. It is most commonly caused by overuse from activities like long-distance running or jobs requiring prolonged standing. Symptoms include pain in the heel or bottom of the foot, especially first thing in the morning or with long periods of standing or walking. Conservative treatments like rest, stretching, orthotics, night splints, and steroid injections are usually effective in reducing pain and inflammation. Surgery is only considered if conservative treatments fail to provide relief after several months or years.
Why do your feet hurt?
Foot pain severely affects our quality of life. Take a look at this presentation to find out the painful parts of the foot. More importantly, find out why they occur and what can be done to fix them.
Tibialis Posterior Tendon Dysfunction
Tibialis posterior tendon dysfunction occurs when the tibialis posterior tendon becomes inflamed and stretched, causing pain and difficulty walking. It progresses through four stages as the tendon tears and the foot arch flattens. Treatment includes rest, bracing, physiotherapy, and surgery such as tendon repair or reconstruction if non-surgical methods fail. Surgery aims to relieve pain and stop deformity progression, but full recovery can take up to a year with prolonged physiotherapy.
Pes planus and pes valgus
This document discusses several foot conditions including pes planus (flat foot), pes valgus, flexible flat foot, congenital vertical talus, tarsal coalition, and posterior tibial tendon disorder. It provides details on the anatomy of the foot arches, clinical features, causes, treatments and imaging findings for each condition. Common causes of flat foot discussed include flexible flat foot in children, congenital vertical talus, tarsal coalition, and posterior tibial tendon insufficiency in adults. Imaging can help evaluate the degree of deformity and guide treatment, which may include orthotics, casting, or surgery depending on the condition.
Foot orthoses
This document summarizes different types of lower limb orthoses including foot orthoses, ankle foot orthoses, knee ankle foot orthoses, and hip knee ankle foot orthoses. It describes the functional classifications, materials, and clinical indications for various foot orthoses including soft, semi-rigid, and rigid designs. Modifications to footwear like heel wedges, metatarsal pads, and rocker bars are discussed. Guidelines for prescribing orthoses to address various foot conditions are provided.
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ARCHES OF FOOT.pptx
The document summarizes the structure and function of the arches of the foot. It discusses the three arches - medial longitudinal, lateral longitudinal, and transverse. The arches add elasticity and help absorb shock when walking or running. They are maintained by the wedge-shaped bones, ligaments tying the bones together, and muscles suspending the arches. Issues like flat feet and high arches are also summarized, along with treatments for different foot problems.
Club foot
Club foot, also known as congenital talipes equinovarus, is a birth defect where the foot is twisted out of shape or position. It involves four deformities: cavus, adductus, varus, and equinus. It can be idiopathic, neurogenic, or syndromic. Treatment involves serial casting and the Ponseti method, with Achilles tendon release and bracing if needed. Surgery is considered if non-operative treatments are unsuccessful. Other orthopedic abnormalities that can occur include genu varum, genu valgum, leg length discrepancy, pes cavus, tarsal coalition, and hand/finger issues like polydactyly and syndactyly
Charcot Joint & Methods of Arthrodesis.pptx
Charcot osteoarthropathy is a progressive deterioration of weight-bearing joints caused by neuropathy. It most commonly affects the feet and ankles of diabetic patients. Treatment involves immobilization with casting in early stages to prevent fractures and deformity. Later stages may require surgical fusion of affected joints. Arthrodesis fuses bones to stabilize severe deformities and relieve pain, though it limits ankle motion and increases stress on other joints. Multiple techniques exist including internal fixation with screws or plates. Bone grafting aids fusion while bracing post-surgery protects new bone formation.
Charcot joint and methods of arthrodesis
This document summarizes Charcot joint and methods of arthrodesis. Charcot joint, or Charcot arthropathy, is a progressive deterioration of weight-bearing joints caused by neuropathy. It most commonly affects the feet and ankles of patients with diabetes. Treatment options include casting, bracing, and surgery. Surgical options for arthrodesis include internal fixation with screws or plates, external fixation, and arthroscopic fusion. The goals of surgery are to fuse the joint in proper alignment and provide a stable, pain-free foot.
Lower limb orthoses
Lower limb orthoses assist with gait, reduce pain, decrease weight bearing, control movement, and minimize deformities. They include foot orthoses and ankle-foot orthoses. Foot orthoses affect ground forces and gait rotation, and are used to treat various foot conditions like pes planus, pes cavus, metatarsalgia, and heel pain. Ankle-foot orthoses control ankle motion and provide stability, and include metal and plastic designs with options for plantar stops, dorsiflexion stops, and dorsiflexion assists.
Foot arch deformities 2
the slide Foot arch deformity give brief description about the anatomy of foot and related deformity.
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Flat Foot, Tibialis Posterior Tendon Dysfunction & Accessory Navicularis
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Hallux valgus
- 3. Hallux Valgus • Also called bunion • A deformity of the foot involving the first metatarsal and great toe
- 5. Hallux Valgus • Occurs in females more frequently than males, and incidence increases with age
- 6. • May have a genetic predisposition • Commonly occurs with other deformities of the feet, such as hammertoe, mallet toe, and claw toe
- 8. • Pain • Possible callus of skin overlying bunion and accompanying toe deformities • Diminished ROM • Generally associated with tight footwear
- 11. Conservative Management • Wearing footwear made of soft leather with a wider toe box, rounded rather than pointed, and with low heel. • Special orthoses can be ordered. • Steroid injections to relieve pain.
- 12. Surgical Management • Surgical alignment of the great toe by osteotomy of metatarsal or proximal phalanx of the great toe or fusion of the metatarsal-metatarsophalangeal joint
- 14. Postoperative Care • Elevation of the foot to reduce pain • Initial non-weight-bearing activity, with very gradual progress in activity • Crutch walking initially, followed by wooden shoe immobilizer for several weeks
- 15. Postoperative Care • NSAIDs and opioid analgesics for pain • Bandages changed by surgeon initially