There are four types of growth opportunities for retailers: market penetration, market expansion, retail format development, and diversification. Market penetration focuses on increasing sales to existing customers. Market expansion employs an existing format in new market segments. Retail format development offers a new format to the same target market. Diversification involves a new format directed at an unserved market segment. Examples provided include Red Bull adding products, Dunkin' Donuts expanding locations, Scheels building a larger store, and Home Depot starting a wholesale business.