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- 3. PRESENTED TO: PRESENTED BY: DR. MOHAMMAD ABDUL KADER Professor Department of Civil Engineering, DUET MR. MD. AL-AMIN SIKDER Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering, DUET Presented By- Group: 04 Md.Ibrahim Hossain -161096 Md. Raju Ahmed - 161097 Md. Mohon Hossen -161098 Md. Mahfuzer Rahman 161100 Md. Yusuf Ali - 161101 Md. Arafat Hossain Jibon 161102 Md. Ziaul Haque -161103 Md. Robiul Alam 161104 Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology, Gazipur
- 4. CONTENTS • Definition • Historical Background • Basic components • Types of Bridge • Materials • Types of loads on bridge • Truck loading on bridge • Design Procedure • Reinforcement detailing • Failure causes of bridge • Bridge facts
- 5. Definition • A structure built to span and provide passage over a river, chasm, road, or any other physical hurdle.
- 6. Historical Background • The ancient world( 6000 years ago) i. Ancient Romans were the greatest bridge builders of ancient times. ii. They built arch bridges and aqueducts some of which still stand today. iii. They also used cement which consisted of water, lime, sand, and volcanic rock..
- 7. Historical Background • The Middle Ages The Iron Bridge, built in Coalbrookdale, England in 1779, was one of the engineering marvels of the time because it used cast iron for the first time.
- 8. Historical Background The Renaissance and after i. Industrial Revolution in the 19th century brings truss systems of wrought iron. ii. Enters steel, with its higher tensile strength, which replaces the iron and allows for much larger bridges. Gustave Eiffel, with his fresh ideas, was one of the first to use it. iii. The first welded road bridge in the world was built by welding pioneer Stefan Bryła in 1927.
- 10. Types of Bridge Based on Type of Super Structure • Arch bridge • Girder bridge • Truss bridge • Suspension bridge
- 11. Types of Bridges based on Materials • Timber bridge • Masonry bridge • Steel bridge • R.C.C bridge • Pre stressed concrete bridge Conti….
- 12. Types of Bridges based on Span • Culvert bridge • Minor bridge • Major bridge • Long span bridge Conti….
- 13. Types of Bridges based on Level of Crossing • Over bridge • Under bridge Types of Bridges based on Utility • Temporary bridge • Permanent bridge Conti….
- 14. Types of Bridges based on Function • Foot bridge • Highway bridge • Rail way bridge • Aqueduct bridge • Road cum railway bridge Conti….
- 15. According to length of bridge • Culvert bridge(less than 6 m) • Minor bridge(less than 6 m-60m) • Major bridge(more than 60 m) • Long span bridge(more than 120 m) Conti….
- 16. Types of Bridges based on Position of Floor • Deck bridge • Through bridge • Semi-through bridge According to degree of redundancy • Statically determined bridge • Statically indetermined bridge Types of Bridges based on Inter Span Relation • Simple bridge • Continuous bridge • Cantilever bridge Conti….
- 17. SOME DIFFERENT KIND OF PICTURE IN BRIDGE HARDINGE BRIDGE, ISHWARDI PABNA-1915 Alcántara bridge Alcántara, spain 104-106ce HARDINGE BRIDGE,PAKSEY-1912 SHAH AMANAT BRIDGE,CHITTAGONG- 2010
- 18. Conti…. JAMUNA BRIDGE-1998 LALON SHAH BRIDGE ISHWARDI-200 KHAN JAHAN ALI BRIDGE,KHULNA- 2005 KEANE BRIDGE,SYLHET-19
- 19. Types of loads on bridge
- 20. Different truck loading in bridge
- 21. Conti…
- 22. Conti…
- 23. Conti…
- 24. Design procedure of a Slab Bridge 1. Dead load calculation 2. Live load calculation 3. Bending moment and shear calculation 4. Truck load and lane calculation 5. Moment and shear calculation due to truck and lane load 6. Factored moment shear calculation 7. Section and reinforcement calculation 8. Cracking moment calculation 9. Distributed and temperature and shrinkage reinforcement calculation
- 25. Design procedure of a Slab Bridge Two methods: 1. IMPERICAL METHOD 2. TRADITIONAL METHOD Procedure of IMPERICAL METHOD: • The ratio of effective length to design depth does not exceed 18.0 and is not less than 6.0. • Core depth of the slab is not less than 4.0 in. • The effective length does not exceed 13.5 ft. • The minimum depth of the slab is not less than 7.0 in • The specified 28-day strength of the deck concrete is not less than 4.0 ksi. • Reinforcement requirements: 1. Minimum 0.18 sq. in./ft of steel for each top layer with a maximum allowable spacing of 18 in. 2. Minimum of 0.27 sq. in./ft in each bottom layer
- 26. Procedure of Traditional method 1. Dead load calculation 2. Live load calculation 3. Bending moment and shear calculation 4. Truck load and lane calculation 5. Moment and shear calculation due to truck and lane load 6. Factored moment shear calculation 7. Section and reinforcement calculation 8. Cracking moment calculation 9. Distributed and temperature and shrinkage reinforcement calculation
- 27. REINFORCEMENT DETAILING OF T-BEAM BRIDGE
- 28. REINFORCEMENT DETAILING OF T-BEAM BRIDGE Fig: Deck.reinforcement details (traditional method)
- 29. REINFORCEMENT DETAILING OF T-BEAM BRIDGE
- 30. Failure causes of bridge
- 31. Materials used in Bridge construction • Stone • Wood • Glass • Steel • Concrete
- 32. Bridge facts DO you know what is the name of the longest bridge in the world? The Danyang–Kunshan Grand Bridge is a 164.8-kilometre long viaduct on the Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway DO you know what is the name of the shortest bridge in the world? “El Marco” between Portugal and Spain. With a length of 3.2 meters (10.4 feet), it’s the shortest international bridge in the world DO you know what is the name of the longest bridge in BANGLADESH? BHOLA BRIDGE with a length of 10km (proposed).
- 33. CONCLUSION Bridges should be designed for specified limit states to achieve the objectives of constructability, safety and serviceability, with due to regard to issues of inspectability,economy and aesthetics.