This document summarizes an investigation into using magnetically treated greywater in concrete. Fly ash was used to replace 10% of cement. Treated greywater was magnetized and used to make concrete mixes. The workability and strength of the concrete mixes were tested and compared. Concrete with 10% fly ash replacement and magnetically treated greywater showed a 20% increase in compressive strength compared to conventional concrete. The study aims to evaluate using treated greywater and fly ash as sustainable alternatives in concrete production.
greywaterPrinciples of Planning, Stages in Planning Process, Goals, Objective...SivaprashadrDrNGPIte
The document describes an investigation into the effects of magnetically treated greywater on concrete properties. Concrete cubes and cylinders were made with normal water and with magnetically treated greywater. The workability, strength, and durability properties of the concrete specimens were tested and compared. The results showed that concrete made with 10% fly ash replacement and magnetically treated greywater exhibited increased compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and decreased porosity compared to normal concrete. The study concluded that magnetic treatment of greywater improved the properties and workability of concrete made with fly ash as a partial cement replacement.
Implementation of magnetized water to improve the properties of concreteIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study that examined the properties of fresh and hardened concrete made with magnetized water versus tap water. Magnetized water was produced by passing tap water through devices generating magnetic fields of 6000 and 9000 Gauss. Concrete mixtures were tested with different water types, cement contents, and aggregate proportions. Test results showed that in most cases, concrete made with magnetized water exhibited higher slump and strengths compared to tap water concrete, with increases up to 35% higher slump and 20% higher compressive strength. With the same slump and strength requirements, cement content could be reduced by 7.5% using magnetized water.
This seminar report summarizes experimental studies on pervious concrete. Six concrete cube samples were created with void ratios ranging from 20% to 35% to test the compressive strength and permeability of different pervious concrete mixes. The results showed that as the void ratio increases, the compressive strength decreases. The mix with a 30% void ratio had the highest compressive strength of 27.5 MPa at 7 days and 27.1 MPa at 28 days. In conclusion, pervious concrete can provide drainage and infiltration benefits over traditional impervious pavement but with reduced compressive strength as the void ratio increases.
IRJET - Effect of Magnetic Water on Performance Evaluation of ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on the effect of magnetized water on the properties of concrete. Magnetized water is produced by passing tap water through a magnetic field. Several studies found that concrete made with magnetized water has higher compressive strength, improved workability, and decreased water absorption compared to concrete made with regular tap water. The strength increases were 10-23% in some studies. Magnetized water also improved concrete properties like decreased permeability and increased resistance to acid attack. The changes are due to alterations in properties of water like surface tension, pH, and conductivity caused by magnetization. Using magnetized water allows for reductions in cement content while maintaining strength.
IRJET - Experimental Study on Effect of Magnetized Water in Concrete MixIRJET Journal
The document presents the results of an experimental study on the effect of magnetized water on the properties of concrete. Three concrete mixes were prepared with different water-to-cement ratios, using normal tap water and water treated with magnetic fields of 1.4 Tesla and 0.8 Tesla. Tests found that concrete made with magnetized water had higher compressive strength and improved workability compared to concrete made with normal water. Magnetized water was also found to improve the durability of concrete in acid and sulfate environments. The study concludes that increasing the magnetic field strength increases the strength of concrete, as magnetized water decreases the surface tension of water and leads to better hydration of cement particles.
Strength And Workability Characteristics Of Super Plasticized Concrete.AshishVivekSukh
The aim of this project is to study the workability and strength characteristics of superplasticized concrete. The investigation is carried out using workability test, compressive strength test, split tensile test and modulus of elasticity test.
The document summarizes research on the effects of using magnetized water in concrete. Eighteen concrete mixes were produced using either tap water or water treated with a 0.75 Tesla magnetic field. Tests found that mixes using magnetized water had higher slump values, indicating better workability, with increases up to 25%. Compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths were also higher, with compressive strength increases of up to 20%. Tests on three cement types found magnetized water increased consistency and compressive strength. The research suggests magnetized water produces concrete with improved fresh and hardened properties.
greywaterPrinciples of Planning, Stages in Planning Process, Goals, Objective...SivaprashadrDrNGPIte
The document describes an investigation into the effects of magnetically treated greywater on concrete properties. Concrete cubes and cylinders were made with normal water and with magnetically treated greywater. The workability, strength, and durability properties of the concrete specimens were tested and compared. The results showed that concrete made with 10% fly ash replacement and magnetically treated greywater exhibited increased compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and decreased porosity compared to normal concrete. The study concluded that magnetic treatment of greywater improved the properties and workability of concrete made with fly ash as a partial cement replacement.
Implementation of magnetized water to improve the properties of concreteIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study that examined the properties of fresh and hardened concrete made with magnetized water versus tap water. Magnetized water was produced by passing tap water through devices generating magnetic fields of 6000 and 9000 Gauss. Concrete mixtures were tested with different water types, cement contents, and aggregate proportions. Test results showed that in most cases, concrete made with magnetized water exhibited higher slump and strengths compared to tap water concrete, with increases up to 35% higher slump and 20% higher compressive strength. With the same slump and strength requirements, cement content could be reduced by 7.5% using magnetized water.
This seminar report summarizes experimental studies on pervious concrete. Six concrete cube samples were created with void ratios ranging from 20% to 35% to test the compressive strength and permeability of different pervious concrete mixes. The results showed that as the void ratio increases, the compressive strength decreases. The mix with a 30% void ratio had the highest compressive strength of 27.5 MPa at 7 days and 27.1 MPa at 28 days. In conclusion, pervious concrete can provide drainage and infiltration benefits over traditional impervious pavement but with reduced compressive strength as the void ratio increases.
IRJET - Effect of Magnetic Water on Performance Evaluation of ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on the effect of magnetized water on the properties of concrete. Magnetized water is produced by passing tap water through a magnetic field. Several studies found that concrete made with magnetized water has higher compressive strength, improved workability, and decreased water absorption compared to concrete made with regular tap water. The strength increases were 10-23% in some studies. Magnetized water also improved concrete properties like decreased permeability and increased resistance to acid attack. The changes are due to alterations in properties of water like surface tension, pH, and conductivity caused by magnetization. Using magnetized water allows for reductions in cement content while maintaining strength.
IRJET - Experimental Study on Effect of Magnetized Water in Concrete MixIRJET Journal
The document presents the results of an experimental study on the effect of magnetized water on the properties of concrete. Three concrete mixes were prepared with different water-to-cement ratios, using normal tap water and water treated with magnetic fields of 1.4 Tesla and 0.8 Tesla. Tests found that concrete made with magnetized water had higher compressive strength and improved workability compared to concrete made with normal water. Magnetized water was also found to improve the durability of concrete in acid and sulfate environments. The study concludes that increasing the magnetic field strength increases the strength of concrete, as magnetized water decreases the surface tension of water and leads to better hydration of cement particles.
Strength And Workability Characteristics Of Super Plasticized Concrete.AshishVivekSukh
The aim of this project is to study the workability and strength characteristics of superplasticized concrete. The investigation is carried out using workability test, compressive strength test, split tensile test and modulus of elasticity test.
The document summarizes research on the effects of using magnetized water in concrete. Eighteen concrete mixes were produced using either tap water or water treated with a 0.75 Tesla magnetic field. Tests found that mixes using magnetized water had higher slump values, indicating better workability, with increases up to 25%. Compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths were also higher, with compressive strength increases of up to 20%. Tests on three cement types found magnetized water increased consistency and compressive strength. The research suggests magnetized water produces concrete with improved fresh and hardened properties.
- Porous concrete pavement can effectively address environmental problems and support sustainable growth by allowing efficient land use and reducing the need for stormwater management infrastructure.
- This project aims to evaluate different aggregates for producing porous concrete blocks and determine their strength properties and suitability for pavement applications. Tests will be conducted to optimize the aggregate size for maximum porosity and permeability.
- The project will involve collecting materials, mix design, casting specimens, and conducting tests on fresh and hardened concrete to evaluate compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, and permeability. This will provide information on using porous concrete for rainwater harvesting and drainage.
The document discusses using magnetic water in concrete construction. Magnetic water is created by passing water through a circular magnetic field, which reduces water clusters and surface tension. The study tested the effects of magnetic water on concrete compressive strength and workability. Tests found magnetic water reduced water hardness, increased slump and compacting factor, and improved compressive strength at 7, 14, and 28 days compared to normal water. Using magnetic water in mixing and curing concrete resulted in the highest compressive strength. The findings suggest magnetic water can enhance concrete properties at low cost.
IRJET- Replacement of Fresh Water by Salt Water in Making ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on replacing fresh water with salt water for making concrete. The researchers investigated the effects on mechanical properties of concrete like compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength. Concrete cubes, cylinders, and beams were made and cured using both fresh water and salt water. Testing at 7, 14, and 28 days found that concrete cured with salt water exhibited marginally higher strengths compared to fresh water concrete across all properties and ages tested. The study concluded that salt water can be used for casting and curing concrete without reducing its strength properties.
Experimental Investigation of High – Strength Characteristics of Self Curing ...IJMTST Journal
In concrete structures exposed to the ambient air at early ages, the moisture content in concrete
decreases due to moisture diffusion. In addition, self-desiccation due to hydration of cement causes an
additional decrease of moisture content in concrete at early ages, especially for high-strength concrete. In this
study, the internal relative humidity in drying concrete specimens was measured at early ages. Furthermore,
the variation of relative humidity due to self-desiccation in sealed specimen was measured. The moisture
distribution in low-strength concrete with high water/cement ratio was mostly influenced by moisture
diffusion due to drying rather than self-desiccation. In high-strength concrete with low water/cement ratio,
however, self-desiccation had a considerable influence on moisture distribution. The results obtained from
the moisture diffusion theory were in good agreement with experimental results.
The Use Of Permeable Concrete For Ground Water RechargeIJERA Editor
In order to develop Smart Cities in India, we need to develop smart technologies and smart construction materials. Permeable concrete an innovative material is environment friendly and a smart material which can be used for construction of several structures. In India, the ground water table is decreasing at a faster rate due to reduction in ground water recharge. These days, the vegetation cover is replaced by infrastructure hence the water gets very less opportunity to infiltrate itself into the soil. If the permeable concrete which has a high porosity is used for the construction of pavements, walking tracks, parking lots, well lining, etc. then it can reduce the runoff from the site and help in the ground water recharge. Such type of smart materials will play an important role for Indian conditions where government is putting lot of efforts to implement ground water recharging techniques. During the research work, the runoff for a particular storm was calculated for a bitumen pavement on a sloping ground. Later after studying the various topographical features, the traffic intensity and the rainfall for that particular area, the concrete was designed and tested for the different proportion and thus the mix design for the permeable concrete was finalized based upon its permeability and strength characteristics. Later by using this permeable concrete the infiltration and runoff for the same storm was compared and studied. The research paper will thus give an account of the properties of permeable concrete where it can be used over an existing road.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate using ...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on partially replacing fine aggregate with copper slag in concrete. Copper slag is a byproduct of copper production and is currently considered a waste material. The study aimed to determine if copper slag could replace a portion of fine aggregate in concrete mixes. Several concrete mixes were prepared with 0%, 30%, 40%, and 50% replacement of fine aggregate with copper slag by weight. Specimens were tested for compressive, tensile, and flexural strength at 7, 14, and 28 days. Test results showed compressive strength increased up to 40% replacement and decreased at 50% replacement compared to the control mix. Tensile and flexural strengths also increased up to 40% replacement compared to the control
This document summarizes research on the tensile characteristics of no aggregate concrete. Testing found that no aggregate concrete has lower tensile strength than normal concrete, around 5-6% of its compressive strength compared to 10% for normal concrete. Replacing some fly ash with cement can increase tensile strength of no aggregate concrete. Density is also lower than normal concrete and decreases over time. The elastic modulus of no aggregate concrete is around 11 GPa compared to 26 GPa for normal concrete, and it exhibits more brittleness. Increasing cement content or decreasing fly ash content can respectively increase or decrease tensile strength. While no aggregate concrete has benefits, full replacement of aggregates is not recommended.
The document investigates the magnetization of water exposed to a magnetic field and its effects on concrete properties. It finds that magnetized water increases the density, tensile strength, compressive strength, deformation modulus, and Poisson's ratio of concrete, but decreases its cohesive force and internal friction angle, relative to concrete made with pure water. These changes indicate that magnetized water enhances molecular binding in concrete. The document aims to better understand how magnetic fields alter water and to explore applications of magnetized water in industry.
The document discusses the use of pervious concrete for groundwater recharge. It provides information on the history, mix design, composition, applications, advantages and disadvantages of pervious concrete. It also summarizes several research papers on optimizing the mix design of pervious concrete to improve its mechanical properties such as permeability, compressive strength, and durability while maintaining its porous structure. The conclusion states that current research aims to develop eco-friendly and cost-effective pervious concrete with optimized properties for applications such as rural road pavement.
Final review ppt project EFFECTIVENESS OF USING RECYCLED COARSE AGGREGATES IN...Selva Prakash
1) An experimental study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of using recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) in concrete. Concrete mixes were prepared by replacing normal coarse aggregates with RCA at percentages ranging from 20-40%.
2) Compressive strength tests were performed on concrete cubes at ages of 12 hours, 3 days, 7 days, and 28 days. The results showed that concrete with 40% replacement of RCA achieved higher compressive strengths compared to normal concrete at 28 days.
3) Replacement levels of 20-25% RCA resulted in compressive strengths similar to normal concrete at all ages tested. Higher replacement levels of 30% showed similar early strengths but decreased 28 day strength. The study concluded
The document summarizes an experimental study on the effect of salt water on the compressive strength of concrete. Concrete cubes were cast using both fresh water and salt water (35g of salts per liter of water), and cured for 7, 14, and 28 days. The compressive strength was then tested. The results showed that concrete cubes cast and cured with salt water had slightly higher compressive strengths compared to those cast and cured with fresh water at all ages. At 28 days, the compressive strengths were 39.12 MPa for fresh water cubes and 41.34 MPa for salt water cubes. The study concluded that there is no reduction and even a small increase in compressive strength when salt water is used for casting and
Deep soil mixing was used to reduce embankment settlement along the 55 km Bangna-Bangpakong Highway in Thailand, which was experiencing severe settlement and stability issues. Trial mixes in the laboratory used cement concentrations to achieve an unconfined compressive strength of 1000 kPa. In the field, cement piles with a specified unconfined compressive strength of 600 kPa and dimensions of 60 cm diameter and 14-16 m length were created using a wet mixing method with 150 kg/m3 of cement and a water-cement ratio of 1.5:1. Detailed soil investigations and analyses of section 3 from km 28,000 to km 34,500 regarding bearing capacity, settlements, and stability generally showed
1) The document presents a study on the mix design parameters of high strength concrete using iso-strength lines.
2) Sixteen concrete mixes were designed with water-binder ratios ranging from 0.30 to 0.42 and silica fume replacements ranging from 0 to 15%.
3) Regression analysis was used to develop relationships between slump, water content, and compressive strength at various ages for the different mixes. Iso-strength lines were plotted to predict strength based on water-binder ratio and silica fume content.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Durability of Concrete using Normal and Magn...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on the durability of concrete made with normal water versus magnetized water. Magnetized water is water that has been passed through a magnetic field, which is found to change some of its physical properties in ways that can improve the workability and strength of concrete. The study found that concrete made with magnetized water had higher compressive strength, lower water absorption, and improved durability when tested for acid, sulfate, and chloride attacks compared to concrete made with normal water. The magnetic treatment of water leads to smaller and softer water molecule clusters that require less water for hydration and result in a denser, more durable concrete microstructure.
Size Anddosageof Micro Silica Fume Behaviour for Partial Replacement of Cemen...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of mechanical and civil engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in mechanical and civil engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
The document discusses the effects of micro silica particle size and dosage on the compressive strength of concrete. 240 concrete cube specimens were made with micro silica particle sizes of 20, 45, 90, 125, and 250 microns and replacement levels of cement of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. Testing found that compressive strength increased as particle size decreased and was highest for 20 micron particle size and 20% cement replacement. The optimum strength was 42% higher than the control mix at 28 days. Smaller particle size provides a greater surface area and allows better accommodation in the cement porous structure.
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PROPERTIES OF THE CONCRETE FOR REPLACEMENT OF SAND B...IAEME Publication
The demand of natural sand in the construction industry has consequently increased resulting in the reduction of sources and an increase in price. In such a situation stone dust can be an economical alternative to the river sand. The effect of water cement ratio on fresh and hardened properties of concrete with fully replacement of natural sand by stone dust was investigated. Concrete mix design of M40 grade was done according to Indian standard code (IS: 10262).The main
objective of the present investigation is two cements are selected Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) & Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC) - 43 grade to evaluate the possibilities of using stone dust as a replacement by fine aggregate along with super plasticizers at a dosage of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% & 2.0% by weight of cement
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IRJET- Crushed Plastic Waste in ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the use of crushed plastic waste as a partial replacement for coarse aggregate in concrete. Several concrete mixes were prepared with 10%, 20%, and 30% replacement of coarse aggregate with crushed plastic waste. The workability and compressive and flexural strengths of the concrete mixes were tested and compared to a control concrete mix without plastic waste. The results showed that concrete with 10% plastic waste replacement achieved a compressive strength similar to the control mix. Compressive and flexural strengths decreased with higher levels of plastic waste replacement but remained acceptable. The study concluded that crushed plastic waste can partially replace coarse aggregate in concrete, particularly at a 10% replacement level, providing a potential use for plastic waste while maintaining good concrete
This document presents research on the compressive strength of bamboo leaf ash (BLA) blended cement concrete cured in different sulphate environments. Concrete cubes with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% replacement of cement with BLA were cured in water and sulphate solutions of varying concentrations for 21 and 28 days. Testing found that BLA concrete strengths generally increased with higher sulphate concentrations and longer curing times compared to plain cement concrete. Replacement of 10% cement with BLA produced the highest strengths. The results indicate BLA concrete has improved sulphate resistance and could be suitable for use in sulphate environments where early strength is not critical.
- Porous concrete pavement can effectively address environmental problems and support sustainable growth by allowing efficient land use and reducing the need for stormwater management infrastructure.
- This project aims to evaluate different aggregates for producing porous concrete blocks and determine their strength properties and suitability for pavement applications. Tests will be conducted to optimize the aggregate size for maximum porosity and permeability.
- The project will involve collecting materials, mix design, casting specimens, and conducting tests on fresh and hardened concrete to evaluate compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, and permeability. This will provide information on using porous concrete for rainwater harvesting and drainage.
The document discusses using magnetic water in concrete construction. Magnetic water is created by passing water through a circular magnetic field, which reduces water clusters and surface tension. The study tested the effects of magnetic water on concrete compressive strength and workability. Tests found magnetic water reduced water hardness, increased slump and compacting factor, and improved compressive strength at 7, 14, and 28 days compared to normal water. Using magnetic water in mixing and curing concrete resulted in the highest compressive strength. The findings suggest magnetic water can enhance concrete properties at low cost.
IRJET- Replacement of Fresh Water by Salt Water in Making ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on replacing fresh water with salt water for making concrete. The researchers investigated the effects on mechanical properties of concrete like compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength. Concrete cubes, cylinders, and beams were made and cured using both fresh water and salt water. Testing at 7, 14, and 28 days found that concrete cured with salt water exhibited marginally higher strengths compared to fresh water concrete across all properties and ages tested. The study concluded that salt water can be used for casting and curing concrete without reducing its strength properties.
Experimental Investigation of High – Strength Characteristics of Self Curing ...IJMTST Journal
In concrete structures exposed to the ambient air at early ages, the moisture content in concrete
decreases due to moisture diffusion. In addition, self-desiccation due to hydration of cement causes an
additional decrease of moisture content in concrete at early ages, especially for high-strength concrete. In this
study, the internal relative humidity in drying concrete specimens was measured at early ages. Furthermore,
the variation of relative humidity due to self-desiccation in sealed specimen was measured. The moisture
distribution in low-strength concrete with high water/cement ratio was mostly influenced by moisture
diffusion due to drying rather than self-desiccation. In high-strength concrete with low water/cement ratio,
however, self-desiccation had a considerable influence on moisture distribution. The results obtained from
the moisture diffusion theory were in good agreement with experimental results.
The Use Of Permeable Concrete For Ground Water RechargeIJERA Editor
In order to develop Smart Cities in India, we need to develop smart technologies and smart construction materials. Permeable concrete an innovative material is environment friendly and a smart material which can be used for construction of several structures. In India, the ground water table is decreasing at a faster rate due to reduction in ground water recharge. These days, the vegetation cover is replaced by infrastructure hence the water gets very less opportunity to infiltrate itself into the soil. If the permeable concrete which has a high porosity is used for the construction of pavements, walking tracks, parking lots, well lining, etc. then it can reduce the runoff from the site and help in the ground water recharge. Such type of smart materials will play an important role for Indian conditions where government is putting lot of efforts to implement ground water recharging techniques. During the research work, the runoff for a particular storm was calculated for a bitumen pavement on a sloping ground. Later after studying the various topographical features, the traffic intensity and the rainfall for that particular area, the concrete was designed and tested for the different proportion and thus the mix design for the permeable concrete was finalized based upon its permeability and strength characteristics. Later by using this permeable concrete the infiltration and runoff for the same storm was compared and studied. The research paper will thus give an account of the properties of permeable concrete where it can be used over an existing road.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate using ...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on partially replacing fine aggregate with copper slag in concrete. Copper slag is a byproduct of copper production and is currently considered a waste material. The study aimed to determine if copper slag could replace a portion of fine aggregate in concrete mixes. Several concrete mixes were prepared with 0%, 30%, 40%, and 50% replacement of fine aggregate with copper slag by weight. Specimens were tested for compressive, tensile, and flexural strength at 7, 14, and 28 days. Test results showed compressive strength increased up to 40% replacement and decreased at 50% replacement compared to the control mix. Tensile and flexural strengths also increased up to 40% replacement compared to the control
This document summarizes research on the tensile characteristics of no aggregate concrete. Testing found that no aggregate concrete has lower tensile strength than normal concrete, around 5-6% of its compressive strength compared to 10% for normal concrete. Replacing some fly ash with cement can increase tensile strength of no aggregate concrete. Density is also lower than normal concrete and decreases over time. The elastic modulus of no aggregate concrete is around 11 GPa compared to 26 GPa for normal concrete, and it exhibits more brittleness. Increasing cement content or decreasing fly ash content can respectively increase or decrease tensile strength. While no aggregate concrete has benefits, full replacement of aggregates is not recommended.
The document investigates the magnetization of water exposed to a magnetic field and its effects on concrete properties. It finds that magnetized water increases the density, tensile strength, compressive strength, deformation modulus, and Poisson's ratio of concrete, but decreases its cohesive force and internal friction angle, relative to concrete made with pure water. These changes indicate that magnetized water enhances molecular binding in concrete. The document aims to better understand how magnetic fields alter water and to explore applications of magnetized water in industry.
The document discusses the use of pervious concrete for groundwater recharge. It provides information on the history, mix design, composition, applications, advantages and disadvantages of pervious concrete. It also summarizes several research papers on optimizing the mix design of pervious concrete to improve its mechanical properties such as permeability, compressive strength, and durability while maintaining its porous structure. The conclusion states that current research aims to develop eco-friendly and cost-effective pervious concrete with optimized properties for applications such as rural road pavement.
Final review ppt project EFFECTIVENESS OF USING RECYCLED COARSE AGGREGATES IN...Selva Prakash
1) An experimental study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of using recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) in concrete. Concrete mixes were prepared by replacing normal coarse aggregates with RCA at percentages ranging from 20-40%.
2) Compressive strength tests were performed on concrete cubes at ages of 12 hours, 3 days, 7 days, and 28 days. The results showed that concrete with 40% replacement of RCA achieved higher compressive strengths compared to normal concrete at 28 days.
3) Replacement levels of 20-25% RCA resulted in compressive strengths similar to normal concrete at all ages tested. Higher replacement levels of 30% showed similar early strengths but decreased 28 day strength. The study concluded
The document summarizes an experimental study on the effect of salt water on the compressive strength of concrete. Concrete cubes were cast using both fresh water and salt water (35g of salts per liter of water), and cured for 7, 14, and 28 days. The compressive strength was then tested. The results showed that concrete cubes cast and cured with salt water had slightly higher compressive strengths compared to those cast and cured with fresh water at all ages. At 28 days, the compressive strengths were 39.12 MPa for fresh water cubes and 41.34 MPa for salt water cubes. The study concluded that there is no reduction and even a small increase in compressive strength when salt water is used for casting and
Deep soil mixing was used to reduce embankment settlement along the 55 km Bangna-Bangpakong Highway in Thailand, which was experiencing severe settlement and stability issues. Trial mixes in the laboratory used cement concentrations to achieve an unconfined compressive strength of 1000 kPa. In the field, cement piles with a specified unconfined compressive strength of 600 kPa and dimensions of 60 cm diameter and 14-16 m length were created using a wet mixing method with 150 kg/m3 of cement and a water-cement ratio of 1.5:1. Detailed soil investigations and analyses of section 3 from km 28,000 to km 34,500 regarding bearing capacity, settlements, and stability generally showed
1) The document presents a study on the mix design parameters of high strength concrete using iso-strength lines.
2) Sixteen concrete mixes were designed with water-binder ratios ranging from 0.30 to 0.42 and silica fume replacements ranging from 0 to 15%.
3) Regression analysis was used to develop relationships between slump, water content, and compressive strength at various ages for the different mixes. Iso-strength lines were plotted to predict strength based on water-binder ratio and silica fume content.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Durability of Concrete using Normal and Magn...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on the durability of concrete made with normal water versus magnetized water. Magnetized water is water that has been passed through a magnetic field, which is found to change some of its physical properties in ways that can improve the workability and strength of concrete. The study found that concrete made with magnetized water had higher compressive strength, lower water absorption, and improved durability when tested for acid, sulfate, and chloride attacks compared to concrete made with normal water. The magnetic treatment of water leads to smaller and softer water molecule clusters that require less water for hydration and result in a denser, more durable concrete microstructure.
Size Anddosageof Micro Silica Fume Behaviour for Partial Replacement of Cemen...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of mechanical and civil engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in mechanical and civil engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
The document discusses the effects of micro silica particle size and dosage on the compressive strength of concrete. 240 concrete cube specimens were made with micro silica particle sizes of 20, 45, 90, 125, and 250 microns and replacement levels of cement of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. Testing found that compressive strength increased as particle size decreased and was highest for 20 micron particle size and 20% cement replacement. The optimum strength was 42% higher than the control mix at 28 days. Smaller particle size provides a greater surface area and allows better accommodation in the cement porous structure.
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PROPERTIES OF THE CONCRETE FOR REPLACEMENT OF SAND B...IAEME Publication
The demand of natural sand in the construction industry has consequently increased resulting in the reduction of sources and an increase in price. In such a situation stone dust can be an economical alternative to the river sand. The effect of water cement ratio on fresh and hardened properties of concrete with fully replacement of natural sand by stone dust was investigated. Concrete mix design of M40 grade was done according to Indian standard code (IS: 10262).The main
objective of the present investigation is two cements are selected Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) & Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC) - 43 grade to evaluate the possibilities of using stone dust as a replacement by fine aggregate along with super plasticizers at a dosage of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% & 2.0% by weight of cement
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IRJET- Crushed Plastic Waste in ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the use of crushed plastic waste as a partial replacement for coarse aggregate in concrete. Several concrete mixes were prepared with 10%, 20%, and 30% replacement of coarse aggregate with crushed plastic waste. The workability and compressive and flexural strengths of the concrete mixes were tested and compared to a control concrete mix without plastic waste. The results showed that concrete with 10% plastic waste replacement achieved a compressive strength similar to the control mix. Compressive and flexural strengths decreased with higher levels of plastic waste replacement but remained acceptable. The study concluded that crushed plastic waste can partially replace coarse aggregate in concrete, particularly at a 10% replacement level, providing a potential use for plastic waste while maintaining good concrete
This document presents research on the compressive strength of bamboo leaf ash (BLA) blended cement concrete cured in different sulphate environments. Concrete cubes with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% replacement of cement with BLA were cured in water and sulphate solutions of varying concentrations for 21 and 28 days. Testing found that BLA concrete strengths generally increased with higher sulphate concentrations and longer curing times compared to plain cement concrete. Replacement of 10% cement with BLA produced the highest strengths. The results indicate BLA concrete has improved sulphate resistance and could be suitable for use in sulphate environments where early strength is not critical.
The document discusses different metal plating processes and waste generation in the electroplating industry. It describes various plating methods including electroplating, electroless plating, and galvanization. Electroplating involves applying a voltage to deposit metal ions onto a conductive substrate, while electroless plating uses chemical reactions without electricity. The document also outlines the multi-step plating process including pre-treatment, plating, and post-plating steps. Finally, it discusses the significant waste streams generated including liquid, solid, and gaseous wastes and some methods to reduce waste generation such as optimizing bath sizes and recycling rinse water.
traffic management SEMINAR.pptxAttitudes of beds: Strike and Dip measurements...SivaprashadrDrNGPIte
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A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
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9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
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This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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2. ABSTRACT
The purpose of the project is to replace normal potable water by treated grey water in concrete. The treated grey
water is magnetized and used in concrete and the workability of the fresh concrete is to be determined. In
addition to this fly ash is replaced instead of cement with 10% percentage. Total solids and pH of the grey water
is monitored frequently. Magnetic water used as a replacement for superplasticizer in cement. Workability and
strength of the concrete is to be determined.
3. Concrete
Most needed material of this era
More use of cement – more environmental issues like carbon emission
Water
Use of water for mixing and curing – Demand increasing (Source: construction world magazine, Dated: May
2019)
Very much depleting resource in this era (precipitation, Ground water quality and quantity)
Source: unesco.org/united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization/digital library/ water in
changing world
What is the solution??
By -products from industries (Supplementary Cementitious Material - SCM)
Addition of water influence the property of concrete with SCM
Effective use of water with SCM gives desired properties for concrete
Regular treatment of waste water will not produce desired standard values to make concrete
Use of Magnetic Water – An alternate solution
3
Research Context (Cont.,)
4. 4
• EMF produced through the magnet which is added with the
copper pipe
• Magnetic field rearrange the water cluster in form of +ve
and –ve ion
• The velocity of water through the magnetic field, has to
maintain as 0.8 m / sec.
• T – Tesla magnetic power
• 1 T = 104 gauss
Plate 1: Magnetic water production
process
Magnetic Water
Grey Water
• Grey water or sullage water is all waste water generated from households or office
buildings from streams without fecal contamination (from kitchen and washing)
• This water may be taken after the treatment process of oxidation and bar screening
6. MAGNETICALLY TREATED GREYWATER
Treated grey water is magnetically treated by using
magnetic setup
Magnetic setup consists of N and S poles of permanent
magnet . The water flow pipe is installed between two poles
After filling water in bucket, first control valve should be
opened
When control valve is opened, water flows through this
magnetic field setup , water turned into treated magnetic
field water (TMFW)
The pH value of treated grey water is 7.41
The pH value of magnetically treated grey water is 7.9
7. OBJECTIVES
The following objectives are considered in this project
To find the properties of magnetized treated grey water
To compare the workability of concrete by substituting flyash instead of cement
for the various percentages
To find the effect of magnetized treated grey water in making concrete with
flyash
To find the strength properties of concrete added with magnetized treated grey
water with flyash
8. Aggregate
Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) of specific gravity G =3.15
Grade 53 [Ref: IS 12269:1987]
Fine aggregate - river sand –zone –II, Specific gravity (G) = 2.61
Coarse aggregates - blue granite crushed stone aggregates (maximum size 20mm)
Coarse aggregate’s Specific gravity G = 2.65 [Ref: IS 2386 (part1, 2, &3) – 1963]
CEMENT
AGGREGATE
Specific gravity - 2.81, [Ref: IS 15388:2003]
Fineness – 432 m2/kg [IS3812-2003]
FLYASH
CHEMICAL
ADMIXTURE
Super plasticizer conplast SP430
Collected form STP after aeration process.
GREY WATER
MATERIALS
Mix design is done for M50 grade concrete with specification as per IS 10262:2009 and the
W/C ratio as per standard is maintained as the same for the whole investigation. The
following ratio is taken for the mix.
0.35:1:1.404:2.90
9. Specimen Designation
M1 - Concrete with Nominal water
M2 - Fly ash concrete
M3 - Nominal mix with treated water
M4 - Fly ash concrete with treated water
M5 - Fly ash concrete with treated water
M6 - Fly ash concrete with treated magnetic water
9
14. COMPRESSION TEST
Compression test was done confirming to IS 516-1959. All
the concrete specimens were tested in a 2000KN capacity of
the compression testing machine. Concrete cubes of size 150
mm × 150 mm × 150 mm were tested for determined the
compressive strength.
7 DAYS TEST RESULT
Specimen
designation
Compressive
strength (MPa)
M1 37.3
M2 42.15
M3 41.03
M4 39.91
M5 44.01
M6 44.76
15. 14 DAYS TEST RESULT
Specimen designation
Compressive strength
(MPa)
M1 42.63
M2 48.17
M3 46.89
M4 45.61
M5 50.30
M6 51.15
28DAYS TEST RESULT
• Concrete with 10% flyash
replacement with normal water
provide 13% increase in
compressive strength compared
to conventional concrete mix
• Concrete with treated grey water
provide 10% increase in strength
compared to conventional
concrete
• Flyash 10% replaced concrete
with treated grey water provides
7% increase in strength compare
with conventional concrete
• Concrete with 10% flyash
replacement with magnetic
water(1.2T) provide 18% increase
in compressive strength
compared to conventional
concrete mix
• Flyash 10% replaced concrete
with treated magnetic grey
water(1.2T) provides 20%
increase in strength compare
with conventional concrete
Specimen designation
Compressive strength
(MPa)
M1 53.28
M2 60.21
M3 58.61
M4 57.02
M5 62.88
M6 63.94
16. FLEXURE TEST
The flexure strength of different
specimen according to the IS standard
is tested for 7 days, 14 days and 28
days and it is given below in the table
provided. The capacity of flexure
testing machine is 100KN and the
specimen size is 50x10x10 in cm.
20. SPLIT TENSILE TEST
The Split tensile strength of concrete
specimen is tested after 7 days, 14 days
and 28 days curing and it is given
below in the table. Cylindrical
specimen is used to test the split tensile
test. The capacity of the machine is
2000KN and size of the specimen is
300mm in height and 150mm in dia.
21. 7 DAYS TEST RESULT
Specimen designation
Split tensile strength
(MPa)
M1 1.98
M2 2.26
M3 1.69
M4 2.26
M5 1.98
M6 1.69
23. 28 DAYS TEST RESULT
Specimen designation
Split tensile strength
(MPa)
M1 3.16
M2 3.68
M3 3.39
M4 3.11
M5 3.71
M6 3.59
24. ULTRASONIC PULSE VELOCITY
Specimen
designation
Ultrasonic pulse
velocity
(km/sec)
M1 4.6
M2 4.4
M3 4.8
M4 4.7
M5 4.6
M6 4.9
Quality Pulse
Velocity
(km/sec)
Approximate compressive
strength MPa
Excellent >4.5 Above 40
Good 3.5-4.5 Upto 40
Fair/Medium 2.0-3.0 Upto 25
Poor Below 2.0 Upto 10
All the specimens shows more than 4.5 km/sec, which shows the minimum porosity and compressive strength of
the concrete falls above 50 MPa.
25. 25
Physical Properties: Effective Porosity (%)
Specimen Details 0 T
M1 0.7
M2 0.5
M3 0.6
M4 0.5
M5 0.5
M6 0.5
Effective Porosity test
Table 13: Porosity for normal & grey water concrete in magnetic field
Effective porosity (%) = [(B-A)/V] X100
Where, A- weight of oven dried sample in air
B- weight of surface dry sample in air after immersion
V-bulk volume of the sample
26. Conclusion
Following conclusions are derived from the experimental investigation
Physical and Mechanical properties
Magnetic water improved the slump values and thus the workability. 20% increase in slump is
observed for 10% fly ash concrete with magnetic water and treated magnetic grey water.
20% increase in compressive strength for magnetic grey water with 10% FA replacement at 1.2
T
Maximum flexural strength is observed for M5 and M6 at 1.2T.
Modulus of elasticity has increased 37% for the specimen M2 and 13.89% increase in M4 with
magnetic field 1.2T
26
27. Conclusion
Microstructure Study
Addition of magnetic water gives better micro structure in concrete.
Porosity has reduced 35% in M4 with 1.2T when compared with control concrete.
NDT Results
The result is excellent , which shows the minimum porosity and compressive strength of the concrete
falls above 50 Mpa , when tested in ultra sonic pulse velocity
All the specimens shows more than 4.5 km/sec, which shows the minimum porosity and
compressive strength of the concrete falls above 50 MPa.
27
28. FUTURE DIRECTION
In the present study, flexural behavior of concrete with magnetic tap water and grey
water is studied. The study could be extended to investigate the performance of Fiber
reinforced concrete elements with magnetic water.
The study could be carried out to compare the energy absorption of RC elements with
magnetic water
28
29. References:
1.H. Afshin, M. Gholizadeh and N. Khorshidi, “Improving Mechanical Properties of High Strength Concrete by Magnetic Water Technology”, Scientica Iranica, Vol.
17, No. 1, Feb 2010, pp. 74-79
2.Banejad 1 and E. Abdosalehi, “The effect of magnetic field on water hardness reducing”, Thirteenth International Water Technology Conference, IWTC 13 2009,
Hurghada, Egypt, PP 117-128
3.S. Bharath, S. Subraja, P. Arun Kumar, ”Influence of magnetized water on concrete by replacing cement partially with copper slag”, Journal of Chemical and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Volume 9, Issue 4, DEC.,2016, PP2791-2795
4.M Gholizadeh, H Arabshahi, “The effect of magnetic water on strength parameters of concrete”, Journal of Engineering and Technology Research, Vol. 3(3), pp. 77-
81, March 2011
5.IS: 456:2000, Indian Standard Code for Plain and reinforced concrete-code of practice, BIS, New Delhi
6.Kezhen Yan, Hongbing Xu, Guanghui Shen and Pei Liu, “Prediction of splitting tensile strength from cylinder compressive strength of concrete by support vector
machine”, Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, Volume 2013, Article ID 597257, PP 1-13 ,2013
7.Kompally Laxminarayana, Md.Subhan, “Experimental Studies on Durability of Magnetic Water Concrete”, International Journal of Research, Volume 04 Issue 10
September 2017 PP703-717
8.Mehta, P. K., and Monteiro, P. M., Concrete: Structure, Properties, and Materials, Prentice Hall, PP 559, 1993
9.Nan Su, Yeong-Hwa Wu, Chung-Yo Mar, “Effect of magnetic water on the engineering properties of concrete containing granulated blast-furnace slag”, Cement and
Concrete Research ,30 (2000) 599-605
10.D.Rajender Babu, Etaveni Madhavi, Surabhi Haritha, “Durability Studies on Magnetic Water Concrete (M30 &M40 Grade)”, International Journal of Innovative
Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol. 5, Issue 11, November 2016
11.K. S. Rebeiz, S. Serhal, and D. W. Fowler, “Shear behavior of steel reinforced polymer concrete using recycled plastic”, ACI Structural Journal, Volume 90, No.6,
PP 675-682November-December 1993
12.G. Russo, G. Somma and P. Angeli, “Design shear strength formula for high strength concrete beams”, Materials and Structures Matriaux et Constructions, Volume
37, PP 680-688, December 2004
13.B. Siva Konda Reddy, Vaishali G Ghorpade, H.Sudarsana Rao, “Use of magnetic water for mixing and curing of concrete”, International Journal of Advanced
Engineering Research and Studies, Vol-IV, Issue I, Oct.-Dec, 2014, 93-95
14.Sujit V. Patil, N. J. Pathak, “The Experimental Study on Compressive Strength of Concrete using AR Glass Fibers and Partial Replacement of Cement with GGBS
with Effect of Magnetic Water”, International Journal of Engineering Technology, Management and Applied Sciences , August 2016, Volume 4, Issue 8, PP 21-29
15.Taghried Isam Mohammed Abdel-Magid. et. al., “Effect of magnetized water on workability and compressive strength of concrete”, Procedia Engineering, 193 (
2017 ) 494 – 500
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