2. ABSTRACT
The purpose of the project is to replace normal potable water by treated grey water in concrete. The treated grey
water is magnetized and used in concrete and the workability of the fresh concrete is to be determined. In
addition to this fly ash is replaced instead of cement with 10% percentage. Total solids and pH of the grey water
is monitored frequently. Magnetic water used as a replacement for superplasticizer in cement. Workability and
strength of the concrete is to be determined.
3. 3
• EMF produced through the magnet which is added with the
copper pipe
• Magnetic field rearrange the water cluster in form of +ve
and –ve ion
• The velocity of water through the magnetic field, has to
maintain as 0.8 m / sec.
• T – Tesla magnetic power
• 1 T = 104 gauss
Plate 1: Magnetic water production
process
Magnetic Water
Grey Water
• Grey water or sullage water is all waste water generated from households or office
buildings from streams without fecal contamination (from kitchen and washing)
• This water may be taken after the treatment process of oxidation and bar screening
5. MAGNETICALLY TREATED GREYWATER
Treated grey water is magnetically treated by using
magnetic setup
Magnetic setup consists of N and S poles of permanent
magnet . The water flow pipe is installed between two poles
After filling water in bucket, first control valve should be
opened
When control valve is opened, water flows through this
magnetic field setup , water turned into treated magnetic
field water (TMFW)
The pH value of treated grey water is 7.41
The pH value of magnetically treated grey water is 7.9
6. OBJECTIVES
The following objectives are considered in this project
To find the properties of magnetized treated grey water
To compare the workability of concrete by substituting flyash instead of cement
for the various percentages
To find the effect of magnetized treated grey water in making concrete with
flyash
To find the strength properties of concrete added with magnetized treated grey
water with flyash
8. Aggregate
Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) of specific gravity G =3.15
Grade 53 [Ref: IS 12269:1987]
Fine aggregate - river sand –zone –II, Specific gravity (G) = 2.61
Coarse aggregates - blue granite crushed stone aggregates (maximum size 20mm)
Coarse aggregate’s Specific gravity G = 2.65 [Ref: IS 2386 (part1, 2, &3) – 1963]
CEMENT
AGGREGATE
Specific gravity - 2.81, [Ref: IS 15388:2003]
Fineness – 432 m2/kg [IS3812-2003]
FLYASH
CHEMICAL
ADMIXTURE
Super plasticizer conplast SP430
Collected form STP after aeration process.
GREY WATER
MATERIALS
Mix design is done for M50 grade concrete with specification as per IS 10262:2009 and the
W/C ratio as per standard is maintained as the same for the whole investigation. The
following ratio is taken for the mix.
0.35:1:1.404:2.90
9. Properties NW MW (1.2 T) GW GMW (1.2 T) Std. values (As per IS456) Temp
pH 7.17 7.33 7.41 7.9 6.5-8
29ᵒC
Chlorides, mg/l 74.97 54.98 104.68 94.69 500 mg/l
Total solids (mg/l) 0.8 0.8 1.2 0.8
-
Total Volatile Solids (mg/l) 0.8 0.6 1.2 0.8
Total fixed solids (mg/l) 0 0.2 0 0
Turbidity (NTU) 8.1 3.6 8.2 3.3 2000 NTU
Hardness, Mg/l 25 21 900 805 -
Sulphates 25 18 125 52 0-150
Nitrates, mg/L 9.96 9.94 0.07 0.07 45ppm
Calcium 96 72 100 76 200ppm
Pottocium 2.7 2.6 4 3.6 12ppm
Sodium 35.6 34.2 45.1 45 45ppm
9
NW – Normal water; MW – Magnetic water; GW – Grey water; GMW – Grey Magnetic water
More pH provide better strength properties. It is also observed from the maximum value of pH influence the chloride attack in
concrete for the worst condition exposure
Table 1: Percentage of particles present in water and magnetic water
10. Specimen Designation
M1 - Concrete with Nominal water
M2 - Fly ash concrete
M3 - Nominal mix with treated water
M4 - Fly ash concrete with treated water
M5 - Fly ash concrete with treated water
M6 - Fly ash concrete with treated magnetic water
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11. MIX PROPORTION
MIX DESIGN as per IS-10262-2019
STIPULATION FOR PROPORTIONING:-
Grade designation - M50
Type of cement - OPC 53 Grade
Maximum size of aggregate - 20 mm
Minimum cement content - 250
Max water cement ration - 0.45
Exposure condition - moderate
Degree of supervision - Good
TEST DATA:-
Cement used - OPC 53 Grade
Sp gravity cement - 3.15
Sp gravity C.A - 2.65
F.A - 2.61
Water absorption
C.A - 1.5%
F.A - 1.26%
12. Free (surface) moisture
C.A - 0.0%
Sieve analysis for Fine aggregate - Zone II of Table 4 of IS 383
Sieve analysis for coarse aggregate - Table 2 of IS 383 -
MIX CALCULATION:-
1.Target Mean Strength = 50 + ( 5 X 1.65 ) = 58.25 Mpa
2. Selection of water cement ratio:-
Assume water cement ratio = 0.35
3. Calculation of water:
Approximate water content for 20mm max. Size of aggregate = 186 kg /m3 (As per Table No. 2 , IS : 10262 ).
As plasticizer is proposed we can reduce water content by 20%.
Now water content = 186 X 0.8 = 149 kg /m3
4. Calculation of cement content:-
Water cement ratio = 0.35
Water content per cum of concrete = 149 kg
Cement content = 149/0.35 = 425.7 kg / m3
Say cement content = 426 kg / m3 (As per assumption Minimum cement content 400 kg / m3 )
Hence O.K.
13. 5. Calculation for C.A. & F.A.:
Volume of concrete = 1 m3
Volume of cement = Mass/ Sp gravity X (1/1000)
Volume of cement = 426 / ( 3.15 X 1000 ) = 0.1352 m3
Volume of water = Mass/ Sp gravity X (1/1000)
Volume of water = 149 / ( 1 X 1000 ) = 0.1490 m3
Volume of chemical admixture = Mass/ Sp gravity X (1/1000)
Volume of chemical admixture = 4.994 / (1.145 X 1000 ) = 0.0043 m3
Total weight of other materials except coarse aggregate = 0.1352 + 0.1490 +0.0043 = 0.2885 m3
Volume of coarse and fine aggregate = 1 – 0.2791 = 0.7115 m3
Volume of F.A. = 0.7115 X 0.33 = 0.2348 m3 (Assuming 33% by volume of total aggregate)
Volume of C.A. = 0.7115 – 0.2348 = 0.4767 m3
Therefore weight of F.A. = 0.2348 X 2.61 X 1000 = 612.828 kg/ m3
Say weight of F.A. = 613 kg/ m3
Therefore weight of C.A. = 0.4767 X 2.655 X 1000 = 1265.64 kg/ m3
Say weight of C.A. = 1266 kg/ m3
Hence Mix details per m3
Increasing cement, water, admixture by 2.5% for this trial
14. Materials Cement Fine
aggrega
te
Coarse
aggrega
te
Water
Kg/m3 436 613 1266 152.75
Ratio 1 1.404 2.90 0.35
Cement = 426 X 1.025 = 436.65 kg
Water = 149 X 1.025 = 152.725 kg
Fine aggregate = 613 kg
Coarse aggregate = 1266 kg
Admixture = 1.2 % by weight of cement = 5.24 kg.
Water: cement: F.A.: C.A. = 0.35: 1: 1.404: 2.90
FINAL MATERIAL REQUIRED / M3:-
Cement = 436 kg
Water = 152.75 kg
F.A = 613 kg/m3
C.A = 1266 kg/m3
W/C = 0.35
Table 3.6 - Mix Proportion of Concrete
15. CONCRETE SPECIMEN PREPARED
S. No. Tests
conducted
Specimens No. of
specimens
Cast
As per
Standards
1.
Compressive
strength
Cubes 54
IS516:1959
2. Flexural strength Prisms 18
3.
Split Tensile
Strength
Cylinders 18
IS
9221:1979
20. COMPRESSION TEST
Compression test was done confirming to IS 516-1959. All
the concrete specimens were tested in a 2000KN capacity of
the compression testing machine. Concrete cubes of size 150
mm × 150 mm × 150 mm were tested for determined the
compressive strength.
7 DAYS TEST RESULT
Specimen
designation
Compressive
strength (MPa)
M1 37.3
M2 42.15
M3 41.03
M4 39.91
M5 44.01
M6 44.76
21. 14 DAYS TEST RESULT
Specimen designation
Compressive strength
(MPa)
M1 42.63
M2 48.17
M3 46.89
M4 45.61
M5 50.30
M6 51.15
28DAYS TEST RESULT
• Concrete with 10% flyash
replacement with normal water
provide 13% increase in
compressive strength compared
to conventional concrete mix
• Concrete with treated grey water
provide 10% increase in strength
compared to conventional
concrete
• Flyash 10% replaced concrete
with treated grey water provides
7% increase in strength compare
with conventional concrete
• Concrete with 10% flyash
replacement with magnetic
water(1.2T) provide 18% increase
in compressive strength
compared to conventional
concrete mix
• Flyash 10% replaced concrete
with treated magnetic grey
water(1.2T) provides 20%
increase in strength compare
with conventional concrete
Specimen designation
Compressive strength
(MPa)
M1 53.28
M2 60.21
M3 58.61
M4 57.02
M5 62.88
M6 63.94
22. FLEXURE TEST
The flexure strength of different
specimen according to the IS standard
is tested for 7 days, 14 days and 28
days and it is given below in the table
provided. The capacity of flexure
testing machine is 100KN and the
specimen size is 50x10x10 in cm.
26. SPLIT TENSILE TEST
The Split tensile strength of concrete
specimen is tested after 7 days, 14 days
and 28 days curing and it is given
below in the table. Cylindrical
specimen is used to test the split tensile
test. The capacity of the machine is
2000KN and size of the specimen is
300mm in height and 150mm in dia.
27. 7 DAYS TEST RESULT
Specimen designation
Split tensile strength
(MPa)
M1 1.98
M2 2.26
M3 1.69
M4 2.26
M5 1.98
M6 1.69
29. 28 DAYS TEST RESULT
Specimen designation
Split tensile strength
(MPa)
M1 3.16
M2 3.68
M3 3.39
M4 3.11
M5 3.71
M6 3.59
30. ULTRASONIC PULSE VELOCITY
Specimen
designation
Ultrasonic pulse
velocity
(km/sec)
M1 4.6
M2 4.4
M3 4.8
M4 4.7
M5 4.6
M6 4.9
Quality Pulse
Velocity
(km/sec)
Approximate compressive
strength MPa
Excellent >4.5 Above 40
Good 3.5-4.5 Upto 40
Fair/Medium 2.0-3.0 Upto 25
Poor Below 2.0 Upto 10
All the specimens shows more than 4.5 km/sec, which shows the minimum porosity and compressive strength of
the concrete falls above 50 MPa.
31. Modulus of Elasticity
Modulus of Elasticity (MPa)
Specimen details Modulus of Elasticity
M1 36498.53
M2 38798.47
M3 38279.98
M4 37754.38
M5 39647.55
M6 39982.14
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Table 11: Modulus of Elasticity of concrete for various magnetic strength
Modulus of elasticity has increased 8.62% for the specimen CF10MNW and 9.54% increase in
CF10MGW compare with normal concrete
32. 32
Physical Properties: Effective Porosity (%)
Specimen Details 0 T
M1 0.7
M2 0.5
M3 0.6
M4 0.5
M5 0.5
M6 0.5
Effective Porosity test
Table 13: Porosity for normal & grey water concrete in magnetic field
Effective porosity (%) = [(B-A)/V] X100
Where, A- weight of oven dried sample in air
B- weight of surface dry sample in air after immersion
V-bulk volume of the sample
33. Conclusion
Following conclusions are derived from the experimental investigation
Physical and Mechanical properties
Magnetic water improved the slump values and thus the workability. 20% increase in slump is
observed for 10% fly ash concrete with magnetic water and treated magnetic grey water.
20% increase in compressive strength for magnetic grey water with 10% FA replacement at 1.2
T
Maximum flexural strength is observed for M5 and M6 at 1.2T.
Modulus of elasticity has increased 37% for the specimen M2 and 13.89% increase in M4 with
magnetic field 1.2T
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34. Conclusion
Microstructure Study
Addition of magnetic water gives better micro structure in concrete.
Porosity has reduced 35% in M4 with 1.2T when compared with control concrete.
NDT Results
The result is excellent , which shows the minimum porosity and compressive strength of the concrete
falls above 50 Mpa , when tested in ultra sonic pulse velocity
All the specimens shows more than 4.5 km/sec, which shows the minimum porosity and
compressive strength of the concrete falls above 50 MPa.
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35. FUTURE DIRECTION
In the present study, flexural behavior of concrete with magnetic tap water and grey
water is studied. The study could be extended to investigate the performance of Fiber
reinforced concrete elements with magnetic water.
The study could be carried out to compare the energy absorption of RC elements with
magnetic water
35
