This document provides an overview of graphical analysis of motion in one dimension. It discusses key student difficulties in interpreting position-time, velocity-time, and acceleration-time graphs. It then presents examples of qualitative and quantitative analysis of constant velocity and accelerated motion. Sample problems from past AP Physics exams are also included to illustrate the application of graphical analysis techniques.
This document provides learning objectives and content outlines for an AP Physics chapter on electric forces and electric fields. It begins by listing key concepts students should understand related to electrostatics, including charge, Coulomb's law, and the electric field. It then provides an outline of the chapter sections, which cover the origin of electricity, charged objects and the electric force, conductors and insulators, methods of charging, Coulomb's law, the electric field, and other topics. Tables of contents and examples are also included.
1. Coulomb's law describes the electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion between two point charges. The magnitude of the force is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
2. The superposition principle states that when multiple charges exert forces on a single charge, the net electrostatic force is calculated by vector addition of the individual forces.
3. In problems involving multiple charges, the individual forces are first calculated using Coulomb's law and then summed vectorially to find the net force on the charge of interest. The direction of the net force can also be determined.
This document discusses forces and equilibrium. It defines different types of forces including contact forces like friction, tension, and normal forces, as well as non-contact forces like gravitational, magnetic, and electrostatic forces. It also covers Newton's laws of motion, equilibrium, and how to use free body diagrams to analyze forces on an object.
8. sma kelas xi rpp kd 3.7;4.7 fluida dinamis (karlina 1308233)eli priyatna laidan
1. Rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran mata pelajaran fisika tentang fluida dinamik pada kelas XI semester 1 SMAN 1 Cikembar mencakup tujuan pembelajaran, materi, metode, dan evaluasi pembelajaran.
2. Materi pembelajaran meliputi sifat fluida ideal, debit aliran, dan persamaan kontinuitas yang akan dipelajari melalui percobaan dan diskusi.
3. Kegiatan pembelajaran terdiri atas pendahuluan, inti, dan
This document provides an introduction to periodic and circular motion. It discusses key concepts such as centripetal acceleration, centripetal force, and centrifugal force. Centripetal acceleration is the acceleration toward the center required to maintain circular motion. Centripetal force is the force providing the necessary centripetal acceleration, given by Fc = mv2/r. Centrifugal force is a fictional outward force felt in a rotating reference frame.
Rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran mata pelajaran fisika tentang teori kinetik gas ini membahas 3 pertemuan pembelajaran yang mencakup hukum-hukum gas ideal, persamaan umum gas ideal, tekanan gas ideal, energi kinetik gas, dan kelajuan efektifitas gas. Tujuan pembelajaran adalah agar siswa memahami konsep-konsep tersebut dan mampu menerapkannya dalam menyelesaikan masalah fisika. Metode pembelajarannya meliputi
This document provides instructions for navigating a presentation on thermodynamics. It begins with directions for viewing the presentation as a slideshow and advancing through it. It then lists the chapter contents which include sections on temperature, heat, and changes in temperature and phase. The remainder of the document consists of slides from the presentation covering these topics, including definitions of key terms, examples, and sample problems.
This document provides learning objectives and content outlines for an AP Physics chapter on electric forces and electric fields. It begins by listing key concepts students should understand related to electrostatics, including charge, Coulomb's law, and the electric field. It then provides an outline of the chapter sections, which cover the origin of electricity, charged objects and the electric force, conductors and insulators, methods of charging, Coulomb's law, the electric field, and other topics. Tables of contents and examples are also included.
1. Coulomb's law describes the electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion between two point charges. The magnitude of the force is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
2. The superposition principle states that when multiple charges exert forces on a single charge, the net electrostatic force is calculated by vector addition of the individual forces.
3. In problems involving multiple charges, the individual forces are first calculated using Coulomb's law and then summed vectorially to find the net force on the charge of interest. The direction of the net force can also be determined.
This document discusses forces and equilibrium. It defines different types of forces including contact forces like friction, tension, and normal forces, as well as non-contact forces like gravitational, magnetic, and electrostatic forces. It also covers Newton's laws of motion, equilibrium, and how to use free body diagrams to analyze forces on an object.
8. sma kelas xi rpp kd 3.7;4.7 fluida dinamis (karlina 1308233)eli priyatna laidan
1. Rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran mata pelajaran fisika tentang fluida dinamik pada kelas XI semester 1 SMAN 1 Cikembar mencakup tujuan pembelajaran, materi, metode, dan evaluasi pembelajaran.
2. Materi pembelajaran meliputi sifat fluida ideal, debit aliran, dan persamaan kontinuitas yang akan dipelajari melalui percobaan dan diskusi.
3. Kegiatan pembelajaran terdiri atas pendahuluan, inti, dan
This document provides an introduction to periodic and circular motion. It discusses key concepts such as centripetal acceleration, centripetal force, and centrifugal force. Centripetal acceleration is the acceleration toward the center required to maintain circular motion. Centripetal force is the force providing the necessary centripetal acceleration, given by Fc = mv2/r. Centrifugal force is a fictional outward force felt in a rotating reference frame.
Rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran mata pelajaran fisika tentang teori kinetik gas ini membahas 3 pertemuan pembelajaran yang mencakup hukum-hukum gas ideal, persamaan umum gas ideal, tekanan gas ideal, energi kinetik gas, dan kelajuan efektifitas gas. Tujuan pembelajaran adalah agar siswa memahami konsep-konsep tersebut dan mampu menerapkannya dalam menyelesaikan masalah fisika. Metode pembelajarannya meliputi
This document provides instructions for navigating a presentation on thermodynamics. It begins with directions for viewing the presentation as a slideshow and advancing through it. It then lists the chapter contents which include sections on temperature, heat, and changes in temperature and phase. The remainder of the document consists of slides from the presentation covering these topics, including definitions of key terms, examples, and sample problems.
- This chapter discusses work, energy, and power. It explains the relationships between these concepts and covers energy changes and mechanical efficiency.
- Students will learn to define and calculate work, energy, and power using formulas like kinetic energy (Ek = 1/2mv2), gravitational potential energy (Ep = mgh), and power (P = W/t). They will also learn about the conservation of energy and conversions between different energy forms.
- Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating speed, work, efficiency, and more by applying the relevant formulas to mechanical systems and problems.
The document discusses key concepts in kinematics including scalar and vector quantities, displacement, velocity, acceleration, free fall acceleration on Earth, displacement-time graphs, velocity-time graphs, and the kinematic equations relating displacement, initial velocity, final velocity, acceleration, and time. It provides examples and sample problems involving calculating displacement, velocity, acceleration, and distance/time using the kinematic equations and interpreting graphs of displacement and velocity over time.
This document discusses key concepts in fluid mechanics, including:
1) Fluid statics, hydrostatic equilibrium, Archimedes' principle, and buoyancy.
2) Fluid dynamics principles like conservation of mass expressed by the continuity equation, and conservation of energy expressed by Bernoulli's equation.
3) Applications of fluid dynamics concepts like calculating flow rates and velocities using the continuity equation, and calculating velocities using Bernoulli's equation.
The document provides a daily lesson log for a Grade 9 mathematics class covering quadratic equations. It includes the objectives, content standards, and performance standards for the lesson. The log details the activities and examples covered each day, which focus on illustrating quadratic equations, solving them by extracting square roots, factoring, and using the quadratic formula. Examples of solving quadratic equations in simplest form and by factoring are provided. Students practice identifying quadratic equations and solving them using different methods.
This document discusses momentum and its relationship to mass and velocity. It defines momentum as being equal to mass multiplied by velocity, and explains that momentum is a vector quantity. It also discusses impulse, which is defined as the change in momentum, and explains how impulse is related to force and time through the equation: Impulse = Force x Time. The document notes that momentum is always conserved during interactions and collisions.
10. sma kelas x rpp kd 3.7;4.1;4.7 fluida statis (karlina 1308233) finaleli priyatna laidan
(1) Rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran mata pelajaran fisika tentang fluida statis membahas tentang tekanan hidrostatis dan hukum-hukum yang melandasinya. (2) Pembelajaran dilakukan melalui demonstrasi, percobaan, dan diskusi kelompok untuk memahami konsep dan aplikasi tekanan hidrostatis. (3) Siswa diajak merencanakan dan melakukan percobaan untuk menguji sifat-sifat fluida statis.
Newton's Laws describe the motion of objects. Newton's First Law states that objects at rest stay at rest and objects in motion stay in motion with the same speed and direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. Newton's Second Law states that the acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, and inversely proportional to the object's mass. Newton's Third Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Free-body diagrams are used to identify all the forces acting on an object and indicate the directions of the forces.
1. A train travels 60km in 20 minutes, giving it an average speed of 3.0m/s.
2. The graph shows the speed of two runners over time, with runner 1 having a constant speed while runner 2 is slowing down at time t.
3. The van is decelerating in section B of the speed-time graph based on its decreasing speed over time.
A projectile is an object moving under the influence of gravity with a parabolic path. Its motion can be analyzed by separating the horizontal and vertical components. In the horizontal direction, the velocity is constant, while in the vertical direction there is a constant acceleration due to gravity. Projectile motion is used to model many real-world scenarios like thrown objects, diving, and artillery fire. Solving projectile motion problems involves separating the horizontal and vertical motions and using kinematic equations with the initial velocities and gravitational acceleration.
States of matter exercise -with solutionssuresh gdvm
The document contains 18 multiple choice questions from Class 11 Chemistry about states of matter. It addresses gas laws including Boyle's law, Charles' law, Avogadro's law, ideal gas equation, and uses them to calculate quantities like pressure, volume, temperature, moles, and molar mass in various gas situations. The last question calculates the molar mass of an unknown gas based on its volume and mass being equal to that of hydrogen gas under different conditions of pressure, volume and temperature.
A three part 1500+ PowerPoint slideshow from www.sciencepowerpoint.com becomes the roadmap for an interactive and amazing science experience that includes a bundled homework package, answer keys, unit notes, video links, review games, built-in quizzes and hands-on activities, worksheets, rubrics, games, and much more.
Also included are instruction to create a student version of the unit that is much like the teachers but missing the answer keys, quizzes, PowerPoint review games, hidden box challenges, owl, and surprises meant for the classroom. This is a great resource to distribute to your students and support professionals.
Text for the unit PowerPoint is presented in large print (32 font) and is placed at the top of each slide so it can seen and read from all angles of a classroom. A shade technique, as well as color coded text helps to increase student focus and allows teacher to control the pace of the lesson. Also included is a 12 page assessment / bundled homework that chronologically follows the slideshow for nightly homework and the end of the unit assessment, as well as a 8 page modified assessment. 9 pages of class notes with images are also included for students who require assistance, as well as answer keys to both of the assessments for support professionals, teachers, and homeschool parents. Many video links are provided and a slide within the slideshow cues teacher / parent when the videos are most relevant to play. Video shorts usually range from 2-7 minutes and are included in organized folders. Two PowerPoint Review games are included. Answers to the PowerPoint Review Games are provided in PowerPoint form so students can self-assess. Lastly, several class games such as guess the hidden picture beneath the boxes, and the find the hidden owl somewhere within the slideshow are provided. Difficulty rating of 8 (Ten is most difficult).
Areas of Focus: -Newton's First Law, Inertia, Friction, Four Types of Friction, Negatives and Positives of Friction, Newton's Third Law, Newton's Second Law, Potential Energy, Kinetic Energy, Mechanical Energy, Forms of Potential to Kinetic Energy, Speed, Velocity, Acceleration, Deceleration, Momentum, Work, Machines (Joules), Catapults, Trajectory, Force, Simple Machines, Pulley / (MA Mechanical Advantage), Lever /(MA),Wedge /(MA), Wheel and Axle (MA), Inclined Plane / (MA), Screw /(MA).
This unit aligns with the Next Generation Science Standards and with Common Core Standards for ELA and Literacy for Science and Technical Subjects. See preview for more information
If you have any questions please feel free to contact me. Thanks again and best wishes. Sincerely, Ryan Murphy M.Ed www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com
Teaching Duration = 4+ Weeks
Energy, Work & Power (Multiple Choice) QP.pdfNurul Fadhilah
The skier gains 10000J of gravitational potential energy at the top of the slope. At the bottom, her kinetic energy is 2000J. The question asks how much energy was dissipated, which is the difference between her initial gravitational potential energy and final kinetic energy, so the answer is 10000J - 2000J = 8000J.
c. The forces cancel to zero. For the rock to be at rest, the net force must be zero. The downward force of gravity is balanced by an equal upward force exerted by your hand.
This document provides an introduction to dynamics and forces acting on particles moving in a straight line. It introduces Newton's second law of motion, F=ma, and defines key concepts like weight, tension, thrust, friction, and normal reaction. It explains how to resolve forces into horizontal and vertical components when multiple forces are acting. Examples show how to set up force diagrams and use Newton's second law to solve for acceleration, distance, and missing forces. Trigonometry is used to resolve forces acting at angles into their x- and y-direction components.
The document discusses the analysis and design of beams subjected to bending. It provides examples of how to:
1) Determine shear and bending moment diagrams by drawing free body diagrams and applying equilibrium equations.
2) Calculate maximum shear forces and bending moments.
3) Relate loads, shears, and bending moments.
4) Select beam cross sections based on required section modulus to limit normal stresses to below allowable values.
The document discusses properties of pure substances and provides data on saturated water properties. It defines key terms like pure substance, homogeneous substance, and simple system. It describes water's phase diagram and how it can exist as a solid, liquid, or gas. Tables A-4 and A-5 show saturated water properties like temperature, pressure, internal energy, enthalpy and entropy at different states along the saturation line from the triple point to the critical point.
Rangkuman dokumen tersebut dalam 3 kalimat atau kurang:
Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) mata pelajaran Fisika tentang materi Fluida Statis khususnya tekanan hidrostatis untuk siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Lembang yang meliputi tujuan pembelajaran, indikator pencapaian kompetensi, kegiatan pembelajaran melalui pendekatan saintifik dan penilaian hasil belajar siswa.
(8) Lesson 7.7 - Area and Perimeter of Similar Figureswzuri
This document discusses determining the perimeters and areas of similar figures:
1) If figure B is similar to figure A by a scale factor, the perimeter of B is equal to the perimeter of A times the scale factor. The area of B is equal to the area of A times the square of the scale factor.
2) An example problem demonstrates finding the perimeter of a rectangle similar to one with a given perimeter and length, using the scale factor relationship.
3) Another example finds the area of a porch similar to one with given dimensions, where the similar porch has double the dimensions, using the scale factor squared relationship.
This document provides an overview of weather-related concepts including pressure systems, wind patterns, fronts, clouds, and severe weather. It explains that low pressure is associated with rising air and cloudy weather while high pressure brings sinking air and calm conditions. The Coriolis effect causes winds to turn due to the Earth's rotation, resulting in circulation around pressure centers. Different types of fronts like cold fronts and warm fronts introduce new air masses with changing wind and temperature. Clouds form through condensation as air rises and cools. Severe weather occurs when normal weather is amplified in strength.
The document discusses key facts about Earth as a planet:
- It is the densest planet in the solar system and has unique features like plate tectonics, liquid water, and life.
- Earth's internal structure includes an inner and outer core of iron and nickel and a mantle of iron-rich minerals. Both temperature and pressure increase with depth.
- Plate tectonics, which causes continents to slowly drift over millions of years, is responsible for major surface features and the three main rock types.
- Earth's atmosphere is composed primarily of nitrogen and oxygen and is divided into layers, with temperature decreasing in the troposphere but increasing in the stratosphere.
- This chapter discusses work, energy, and power. It explains the relationships between these concepts and covers energy changes and mechanical efficiency.
- Students will learn to define and calculate work, energy, and power using formulas like kinetic energy (Ek = 1/2mv2), gravitational potential energy (Ep = mgh), and power (P = W/t). They will also learn about the conservation of energy and conversions between different energy forms.
- Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating speed, work, efficiency, and more by applying the relevant formulas to mechanical systems and problems.
The document discusses key concepts in kinematics including scalar and vector quantities, displacement, velocity, acceleration, free fall acceleration on Earth, displacement-time graphs, velocity-time graphs, and the kinematic equations relating displacement, initial velocity, final velocity, acceleration, and time. It provides examples and sample problems involving calculating displacement, velocity, acceleration, and distance/time using the kinematic equations and interpreting graphs of displacement and velocity over time.
This document discusses key concepts in fluid mechanics, including:
1) Fluid statics, hydrostatic equilibrium, Archimedes' principle, and buoyancy.
2) Fluid dynamics principles like conservation of mass expressed by the continuity equation, and conservation of energy expressed by Bernoulli's equation.
3) Applications of fluid dynamics concepts like calculating flow rates and velocities using the continuity equation, and calculating velocities using Bernoulli's equation.
The document provides a daily lesson log for a Grade 9 mathematics class covering quadratic equations. It includes the objectives, content standards, and performance standards for the lesson. The log details the activities and examples covered each day, which focus on illustrating quadratic equations, solving them by extracting square roots, factoring, and using the quadratic formula. Examples of solving quadratic equations in simplest form and by factoring are provided. Students practice identifying quadratic equations and solving them using different methods.
This document discusses momentum and its relationship to mass and velocity. It defines momentum as being equal to mass multiplied by velocity, and explains that momentum is a vector quantity. It also discusses impulse, which is defined as the change in momentum, and explains how impulse is related to force and time through the equation: Impulse = Force x Time. The document notes that momentum is always conserved during interactions and collisions.
10. sma kelas x rpp kd 3.7;4.1;4.7 fluida statis (karlina 1308233) finaleli priyatna laidan
(1) Rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran mata pelajaran fisika tentang fluida statis membahas tentang tekanan hidrostatis dan hukum-hukum yang melandasinya. (2) Pembelajaran dilakukan melalui demonstrasi, percobaan, dan diskusi kelompok untuk memahami konsep dan aplikasi tekanan hidrostatis. (3) Siswa diajak merencanakan dan melakukan percobaan untuk menguji sifat-sifat fluida statis.
Newton's Laws describe the motion of objects. Newton's First Law states that objects at rest stay at rest and objects in motion stay in motion with the same speed and direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. Newton's Second Law states that the acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, and inversely proportional to the object's mass. Newton's Third Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Free-body diagrams are used to identify all the forces acting on an object and indicate the directions of the forces.
1. A train travels 60km in 20 minutes, giving it an average speed of 3.0m/s.
2. The graph shows the speed of two runners over time, with runner 1 having a constant speed while runner 2 is slowing down at time t.
3. The van is decelerating in section B of the speed-time graph based on its decreasing speed over time.
A projectile is an object moving under the influence of gravity with a parabolic path. Its motion can be analyzed by separating the horizontal and vertical components. In the horizontal direction, the velocity is constant, while in the vertical direction there is a constant acceleration due to gravity. Projectile motion is used to model many real-world scenarios like thrown objects, diving, and artillery fire. Solving projectile motion problems involves separating the horizontal and vertical motions and using kinematic equations with the initial velocities and gravitational acceleration.
States of matter exercise -with solutionssuresh gdvm
The document contains 18 multiple choice questions from Class 11 Chemistry about states of matter. It addresses gas laws including Boyle's law, Charles' law, Avogadro's law, ideal gas equation, and uses them to calculate quantities like pressure, volume, temperature, moles, and molar mass in various gas situations. The last question calculates the molar mass of an unknown gas based on its volume and mass being equal to that of hydrogen gas under different conditions of pressure, volume and temperature.
A three part 1500+ PowerPoint slideshow from www.sciencepowerpoint.com becomes the roadmap for an interactive and amazing science experience that includes a bundled homework package, answer keys, unit notes, video links, review games, built-in quizzes and hands-on activities, worksheets, rubrics, games, and much more.
Also included are instruction to create a student version of the unit that is much like the teachers but missing the answer keys, quizzes, PowerPoint review games, hidden box challenges, owl, and surprises meant for the classroom. This is a great resource to distribute to your students and support professionals.
Text for the unit PowerPoint is presented in large print (32 font) and is placed at the top of each slide so it can seen and read from all angles of a classroom. A shade technique, as well as color coded text helps to increase student focus and allows teacher to control the pace of the lesson. Also included is a 12 page assessment / bundled homework that chronologically follows the slideshow for nightly homework and the end of the unit assessment, as well as a 8 page modified assessment. 9 pages of class notes with images are also included for students who require assistance, as well as answer keys to both of the assessments for support professionals, teachers, and homeschool parents. Many video links are provided and a slide within the slideshow cues teacher / parent when the videos are most relevant to play. Video shorts usually range from 2-7 minutes and are included in organized folders. Two PowerPoint Review games are included. Answers to the PowerPoint Review Games are provided in PowerPoint form so students can self-assess. Lastly, several class games such as guess the hidden picture beneath the boxes, and the find the hidden owl somewhere within the slideshow are provided. Difficulty rating of 8 (Ten is most difficult).
Areas of Focus: -Newton's First Law, Inertia, Friction, Four Types of Friction, Negatives and Positives of Friction, Newton's Third Law, Newton's Second Law, Potential Energy, Kinetic Energy, Mechanical Energy, Forms of Potential to Kinetic Energy, Speed, Velocity, Acceleration, Deceleration, Momentum, Work, Machines (Joules), Catapults, Trajectory, Force, Simple Machines, Pulley / (MA Mechanical Advantage), Lever /(MA),Wedge /(MA), Wheel and Axle (MA), Inclined Plane / (MA), Screw /(MA).
This unit aligns with the Next Generation Science Standards and with Common Core Standards for ELA and Literacy for Science and Technical Subjects. See preview for more information
If you have any questions please feel free to contact me. Thanks again and best wishes. Sincerely, Ryan Murphy M.Ed www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com
Teaching Duration = 4+ Weeks
Energy, Work & Power (Multiple Choice) QP.pdfNurul Fadhilah
The skier gains 10000J of gravitational potential energy at the top of the slope. At the bottom, her kinetic energy is 2000J. The question asks how much energy was dissipated, which is the difference between her initial gravitational potential energy and final kinetic energy, so the answer is 10000J - 2000J = 8000J.
c. The forces cancel to zero. For the rock to be at rest, the net force must be zero. The downward force of gravity is balanced by an equal upward force exerted by your hand.
This document provides an introduction to dynamics and forces acting on particles moving in a straight line. It introduces Newton's second law of motion, F=ma, and defines key concepts like weight, tension, thrust, friction, and normal reaction. It explains how to resolve forces into horizontal and vertical components when multiple forces are acting. Examples show how to set up force diagrams and use Newton's second law to solve for acceleration, distance, and missing forces. Trigonometry is used to resolve forces acting at angles into their x- and y-direction components.
The document discusses the analysis and design of beams subjected to bending. It provides examples of how to:
1) Determine shear and bending moment diagrams by drawing free body diagrams and applying equilibrium equations.
2) Calculate maximum shear forces and bending moments.
3) Relate loads, shears, and bending moments.
4) Select beam cross sections based on required section modulus to limit normal stresses to below allowable values.
The document discusses properties of pure substances and provides data on saturated water properties. It defines key terms like pure substance, homogeneous substance, and simple system. It describes water's phase diagram and how it can exist as a solid, liquid, or gas. Tables A-4 and A-5 show saturated water properties like temperature, pressure, internal energy, enthalpy and entropy at different states along the saturation line from the triple point to the critical point.
Rangkuman dokumen tersebut dalam 3 kalimat atau kurang:
Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) mata pelajaran Fisika tentang materi Fluida Statis khususnya tekanan hidrostatis untuk siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Lembang yang meliputi tujuan pembelajaran, indikator pencapaian kompetensi, kegiatan pembelajaran melalui pendekatan saintifik dan penilaian hasil belajar siswa.
(8) Lesson 7.7 - Area and Perimeter of Similar Figureswzuri
This document discusses determining the perimeters and areas of similar figures:
1) If figure B is similar to figure A by a scale factor, the perimeter of B is equal to the perimeter of A times the scale factor. The area of B is equal to the area of A times the square of the scale factor.
2) An example problem demonstrates finding the perimeter of a rectangle similar to one with a given perimeter and length, using the scale factor relationship.
3) Another example finds the area of a porch similar to one with given dimensions, where the similar porch has double the dimensions, using the scale factor squared relationship.
This document provides an overview of weather-related concepts including pressure systems, wind patterns, fronts, clouds, and severe weather. It explains that low pressure is associated with rising air and cloudy weather while high pressure brings sinking air and calm conditions. The Coriolis effect causes winds to turn due to the Earth's rotation, resulting in circulation around pressure centers. Different types of fronts like cold fronts and warm fronts introduce new air masses with changing wind and temperature. Clouds form through condensation as air rises and cools. Severe weather occurs when normal weather is amplified in strength.
The document discusses key facts about Earth as a planet:
- It is the densest planet in the solar system and has unique features like plate tectonics, liquid water, and life.
- Earth's internal structure includes an inner and outer core of iron and nickel and a mantle of iron-rich minerals. Both temperature and pressure increase with depth.
- Plate tectonics, which causes continents to slowly drift over millions of years, is responsible for major surface features and the three main rock types.
- Earth's atmosphere is composed primarily of nitrogen and oxygen and is divided into layers, with temperature decreasing in the troposphere but increasing in the stratosphere.
1) The document discusses gas laws and properties of gases including factors that affect gases like temperature, pressure, volume and number of moles.
2) It defines key terms like the mole, which is a unit used to measure amount of substance, where 1 mole equals 6.02x1023 particles or atoms based on the atomic or molecular mass.
3) The document covers the six main gas laws - Boyle's law, Charles' law, Gay-Lussac's law, Avogadro's law, the combined gas law and the ideal gas law - and provides examples of how to use each one.
This document contains information about upcoming community and school events in Monticello, Minnesota for the months of September 2014 through January 2015. It includes details about a Taste of the Towns fundraiser in September, homecoming activities, parent teacher organization meetings, school concerts and conferences, early dismissal dates, and monthly specials at a local Chinese restaurant. The document mixes school calendar information with advertisements and announcements about community events like a Rotary fish fry in March.
Los estudiantes aprenderán conceptos matemáticos básicos como suma, resta, medición y dinero. Se les enseñará a resolver problemas aritméticos de un solo paso y a identificar y dibujar formas geométricas. También comenzarán a comprender conceptos como el tiempo y los patrones.
The ecliptic is the plane of Earth's orbit around the sun. The inclination is the angle between the ecliptic and the plane of a planet or satellite's orbit. Earth's seasons are caused by its 23.5 degree axial tilt relative to its orbital plane around the sun (obliquity), not by changes in Earth's distance from the sun. During summer in the northern hemisphere, the north pole leans toward the sun, causing longer days and warmer temperatures, while winter occurs when the north pole leans away from the sun.
Ap physics 12_-_graphical_analysis_of_motionkampkorten
This document discusses using graphs to analyze motion in physics. It introduces slope and area as two basic graph models. Slope represents velocity on a displacement-time graph and acceleration on a velocity-time graph. Area represents displacement on a velocity-time graph and velocity on an acceleration-time graph. The document provides examples of using these models to determine slope, velocity, acceleration, and displacement from various graphs.
1. A planetary magnetic field is created by metallic material in a planet's core and fluid motion within the core as the planet rapidly rotates.
2. A magnetic field protects a planet from having its atmosphere stripped away by solar winds.
3. Mercury has no atmosphere, a very weak magnetic field, temperatures that vary greatly between day and night, and an elliptical orbit.
The document discusses theories about the origin of the Moon. The main theories are that the Moon was formed from being torn away from the Earth (fission), formed at the same time as the Earth (co-creation), was captured after forming as its own planet, or formed from debris after a large impact between the Earth and another planet. The favored theory is that the Moon formed from debris blasted into orbit around Earth after a massive impact between the proto-Earth and a Mars-sized planet around 4.5 billion years ago.
This document discusses vectors and scalars in physics. It defines a scalar as a quantity that has magnitude but no direction, while a vector has both magnitude and direction. Vectors are represented by arrows to show both magnitude and direction. The document provides examples of applying vectors to problems involving addition, subtraction, and resolving perpendicular components using trigonometry. It demonstrates solving vector problems for displacement, velocity, and other physical quantities.
Simple harmonic motion describes back-and-forth motion caused by a restoring force proportional to displacement from equilibrium. Springs obey Hooke's law, where force is proportional to displacement. The period of a spring or pendulum undergoing simple harmonic motion can be determined from its total energy and amplitude or from equations relating displacement to velocity in circular motion.
1) Circular motion involves an object moving in a circle with constant speed but changing velocity direction. The velocity is always tangent to the circle while the acceleration points toward the center and is known as centripetal acceleration.
2) Centripetal force provides the necessary centripetal acceleration to cause an object to travel in a circular path and must be present to overcome the object's inertia. This force is proportional to the mass of the object and the square of its velocity.
3) Examples demonstrate calculating centripetal acceleration and force for objects moving in circular motion, including the minimum coefficient of static friction needed to keep an object rotating on a record and determining the radius of a synchronous satellite orbiting Venus.
This document discusses kinematics and the key variables used to describe motion, including time, acceleration, displacement, initial velocity, final velocity, and acceleration due to gravity. It introduces the three main kinematic equations that can be used to describe motion in detail when acceleration is constant. Examples are provided to demonstrate solving different types of kinematics problems using the appropriate equation.
This document discusses projectile motion in physics. It defines a projectile as any object projected by some means that continues to move due to its own inertia. Projectiles move in two dimensions and have both horizontal and vertical velocity components. The horizontal component is constant, while the vertical component changes due to gravity. Together these components produce the parabolic trajectory of a projectile. Examples are provided of analyzing the motion of horizontally and vertically launched projectiles using kinematic equations and taking into account the initial velocity components.
This document provides an overview of fluid mechanics and hydrostatics. It defines the different states of matter, density, and fluids. Key concepts explained include pressure, hydrostatic pressure, pressure variations with depth, closed systems, Pascal's principle, buoyancy, and Archimedes' principle. Examples are provided to illustrate these fluid mechanics concepts.
This presentation is for the personnel who are going to be a part of Six Sigma project as process owner or team member & need to know the basics.
The scope of this presentation is “Overview” & “Define” of Six Sigma.
This document discusses impulse, momentum, and collisions in physics. It defines impulse as equal to momentum and discusses how impulse is the area under a force-time graph. Collisions are analyzed using the principles that momentum is conserved unless an external force acts, and that equal and opposite forces during a collision lead to equal impulses and momentums between colliding objects. Several examples calculate momentum and velocity values before and after collisions.
This document provides learning objectives for AP Physics courses. It lists objectives in major content areas like Newtonian mechanics, including objectives on kinematics, Newton's laws of motion, work, energy and power. It indicates which objectives apply to AP Physics B or C exams with checkmarks. The objectives are regularly revised to align with AP Physics course descriptions and exam coverage. Suggestions for revising the objectives are welcomed from physics teachers.
Foundation in engineering and technologyv1 copy(1)Reema
This document provides an overview of foundation and materials science studies, including physics and mathematics. It covers topics such as physical quantities and units, scalars and vectors, and multiplication of vectors. Specifically, it defines basic and derived physical quantities and their SI units. It also describes vector addition and subtraction graphically using parallelograms and triangles. Vector components are resolved into x- and y-axes and unit vectors. Scalar (dot) and vector (cross) products are defined, with scalar products providing the parallel component between two vectors and vector products determining the perpendicular component. Formulas for various physical quantities like work and momentum are also presented.
This document provides an overview of foundation and materials science studies, including physics and mathematics. It covers topics such as physical quantities and units, scalars and vectors, and multiplication of vectors. Specifically, it defines basic and derived physical quantities and their SI units. It also describes vector addition and subtraction graphically using parallelograms and triangles. Vector components are resolved into x- and y-axes and unit vectors. Scalar (dot) and vector (cross) products are defined, with scalar products providing the parallel component between two vectors and vector products determining the perpendicular component. Examples of each are given using unit vectors.
This document provides instructions for a physics simulation experiment on projectile motion. The objective is to measure the range, time of flight, and angle for cannonball projections under varying angles and to use those measurements to calculate the initial speed. Students are directed to a online simulation and instructed to record data from 5 trials with different angles in a table. They then plot the range versus time of flight cosine of the angle and use the slope of the best fit line to determine the initial speed.
This document provides a scheme of work for Form 4 Physics covering 14 weeks. It outlines the learning objectives, outcomes, suggested activities and vocabulary for each week. The topics covered include an introduction to physics, forces and motion, and work, energy and power. Some key concepts discussed are scalar and vector quantities, linear motion, forces, momentum, impulse, gravity, and energy transformations. Students will learn through activities, experiments, discussions and problem solving. Safety features in vehicles and maximizing device efficiency are also addressed.
11 - 3
Experiment 11
Simple Harmonic Motion
Questions
How are swinging pendulums and masses on springs related? Why are these types of
problems so important in Physics? What is a spring’s force constant and how can you measure
it? What is linear regression? How do you use graphs to ascertain physical meaning from
equations? Again, how do you compare two numbers, which have errors?
Note: This week all students must write a very brief lab report during the lab period. It is
due at the end of the period. The explanation of the equations used, the introduction and the
conclusion are not necessary this week. The discussion section can be as little as three sentences
commenting on whether the two measurements of the spring constant are equivalent given the
propagated errors. This mini-lab report will be graded out of 50 points
Concept
When an object (of mass m) is suspended from the end of a spring, the spring will stretch
a distance x and the mass will come to equilibrium when the tension F in the spring balances the
weight of the body, when F = - kx = mg. This is known as Hooke's Law. k is the force constant
of the spring, and its units are Newtons / meter. This is the basis for Part 1.
In Part 2 the object hanging from the spring is allowed to oscillate after being displaced
down from its equilibrium position a distance -x. In this situation, Newton's Second Law gives
for the acceleration of the mass:
Fnet = m a or
The force of gravity can be omitted from this analysis because it only serves to move the
equilibrium position and doesn’t affect the oscillations. Acceleration is the second time-
derivative of x, so this last equation is a differential equation.
To solve: we make an educated guess:
Here A and w are constants yet to be determined. At t = 0 this solution gives x(t=0) = A,
which indicates that A is the initial distance the spring stretches before it oscillates. If friction is
negligible, the mass will continue to oscillate with amplitude A. Now, does this guess actually
solve the (differential) equation? A second time-derivative gives:
Comparing this equation to the original differential equation, the correct solution was
chosen if w2 = k / m. To understand w, consider the first derivative of the solution:
−kx = ma
a = −
k
m
⎛
⎝
⎜⎜⎜⎜
⎞
⎠
⎟⎟⎟⎟
x
d 2x
dt 2
= −
k
m
x x(t) = A cos(ωt)
d 2x(t)
dt 2
= −Aω2 cos(ωt) = −ω2x(t)
James Gering
Florida Institute of Technology
11 - 4
Integrating gives
We assume the object completes one oscillation in a certain period of time, T. This helps
set the limits of integration. Initially, we pull the object a distance A from equilibrium and
release it. So at t = 0 and x = A. (one.
The document discusses vectors and projectile motion. It begins by defining scalars and vectors, and describing how to add and subtract vectors graphically. It then explains how to use trigonometric functions and the Pythagorean theorem to determine the magnitude and direction of resultant vectors. The document concludes by introducing projectile motion, describing how to model the path of a projectile as a parabola, and explaining how to use kinematic equations to solve problems involving projectiles launched at an angle.
This document provides an overview of topics in advanced physics, including vectors, Newton's laws of motion, projectile motion, momentum, energy, waves, and optics. It contains over 60 pages of content organized into sections on scalars and vectors, vector addition and subtraction, Newton's laws, reaction forces, projectile motion, momentum and collisions, energy, circular motion, simple harmonic motion, waves, interference, refraction, and lenses. Examples and practice problems are provided throughout to illustrate key concepts.
1. The document provides teaching materials for a lesson on quadratic functions in the form y = ax^2 + bx + k. It includes a teachers' guide, lesson plan, and student worksheet.
2. The teachers' guide provides instructions for setting up the lesson using a spreadsheet to demonstrate different quadratic graphs. It explains how to input data and plot graphs to show how the graph changes as the values of a, b, and k are varied.
3. The lesson plan is for a double period and includes introducing the topic with examples, having students work in groups to observe graph changes, determining the vertex, and applying it to a real-world problem. The student worksheet has corresponding activities for students to
This document discusses vectors and their application to motion in two and three dimensions. It introduces vectors as representations of displacement that have both magnitude and direction. Displacement, velocity and acceleration can all be described as vectors, allowing their addition and subtraction using graphical vector addition. Vector components in Cartesian coordinates are also discussed. The document uses examples of particle motion to illustrate average and instantaneous velocity and acceleration in two dimensions and the concept of relative velocity.
Curvilinear motion occurs when a particle moves along a curved path.
Since this path is often described in three dimensions, vector analysis will
be used to formulate the particle's position, velocity, and acceleration
This document provides teaching materials for a lesson on quadratic functions in vertex form. The lesson is designed for senior high school students and will take approximately 80 minutes to complete. It includes a teachers' guide, lesson plan, student worksheet, and instructions for setting up quadratic graphs in a spreadsheet. The lesson introduces vertex form and guides students in exploring how changing the parameters a, p, and q affects the graph of the function. Students will observe transformations of the graph as these parameters are varied and analyze how the vertex, y-intercept, and minimum/maximum values change.
Ap physics course objectives 2009 officialjosoborned
This document lists learning objectives for AP Physics courses. It covers objectives in five major content areas: Newtonian mechanics, work, energy and power, systems of particles and linear momentum, circular motion and rotation, and electric and magnetic fields. The objectives describe essential concepts and skills students should understand, such as kinematics, Newton's laws of motion, work-energy theorem, conservation of energy, impulse and momentum, uniform circular motion, and more. The objectives are used to guide the content of the AP Physics exams.
This presentation provides instructions on how to view the slideshow and navigate between slides. It contains content on one-dimensional motion, including displacement, velocity, acceleration, and free fall. Equations of motion are presented for constant acceleration. Sample problems demonstrate applying the equations to calculate values like displacement, velocity and time.
This presentation provides instructions on how to view the slideshow and navigate between chapters, sections, and slides. It contains content on one-dimensional motion, including displacement, velocity, acceleration, and free fall. Equations of motion are presented and sample problems are worked through.
Physics, Astrophysics & Simulation of Gravitational Wave Source (Lecture 1)Christian Ott
Lecture on the physics, astrophysics, and simulation of gravitational wave sources delivered in March 2015 at the International School on Gravitational Wave Physics, Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University
This document provides an overview of two-dimensional kinematics. It discusses key concepts such as reference frames, vectors, vector addition and subtraction using graphical and analytical methods, projectile motion, and calculating maximum height and range. The document is based on an open educational resource on college physics and is licensed under Creative Commons.
This lesson plan is for a physical sciences class on resolving vectors into perpendicular components. The lesson objectives are for learners to be able to draw a vector showing its magnitude and angle, use trigonometric functions to calculate the x and y components of a vector, and resolve vectors into parallel and perpendicular components. The lesson involves an activity with chairs and ropes to demonstrate vector resolution, and classwork questions requiring learners to determine resultant forces and resolve given vectors into components.
This document introduces key concepts of 1-D kinematics including:
1) Distance refers to the total path traveled while displacement refers to the change in position from initial to final point.
2) Kinematics describes motion without considering causes, and 1-D kinematics refers to motion in a straight line.
3) Graphs can distinguish between distance and displacement, with displacement being the straight line segment between initial and final points.
4) Key concepts such as average speed, average velocity, acceleration, and free fall are introduced along with relevant equations and demonstrations.
This document provides an introduction to 1-dimensional kinematics, including distance, displacement, average speed, average velocity, acceleration, and position-time and velocity-time graphs. It defines key terms like distance, displacement, speed, velocity, acceleration, and discusses the relationships between these quantities. Examples and practice problems are provided to illustrate concepts like the difference between distance and displacement, calculating average speed and velocity, determining acceleration from graphs, and using kinematic equations.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more information about PECB:
Website: https://pecb.com/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/pecb/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PECBInternational/
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFICATION
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
1. Special Focus:
Graphical Analysis
Graphical Analysis of Motion: Kinematics
Dolores Gende
Parish Episcopal School
Dallas
Graphical analysis is one of the most fundamental skills that introductory physics
students should acquire. This article presents a practical approach that stresses
conceptual understanding and interpretation of motion graphs in one dimension.
Randall Knight1 reports that even though nearly all students can graph a set of data
or can read a value from a graph, they experience difficulties with interpreting the
information presented graphically. Some student difficulties include:
• Many students don’t know the meaning of “graph a versus b.” They graph the first
quantity on the horizontal axis, ending up with the two axes reversed.
• Many students think that the slope of a straight-line graph is found from y/x
(using any point on the graph) rather than Δy/Δx.
• Students don’t recognize that a slope has units or don’t know how to determine
those units.
• Students don’t recognize that an “area under the curve” has units or don’t
understand how the units of an “area” can be something other than area units.
Describing Motion
The study of one-dimensional kinematics is concerned with the multiple means by
which the motion of objects can be represented. Such means include the use of words,
graphs, equations, and diagrams.
A suggested sequence for the introduction of one-dimensional kinematics includes:
• Constant velocity: Qualitative and quantitative analysis and interpreting graphs
• Accelerated motion: Qualitative and quantitative analysis and interpreting graphs
Analysis of motion, both qualitative and quantitative, requires the establishment of a
frame of reference. The exercises in this article assume a frame of reference with respect
to the Earth.
The direction of motion is determined by using a Cartesian coordinate system, where
1 R. Knight, Instructor’s Guide: Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Prentice Hall, 2004.
AP Physics: 2006–2007 Workshop Materials 9
2. Special Focus:
Graphical Analysis
the initial position is denoted as x0 = 0. If the object moves to the right, its direction is
positive; if it moves to the left, its direction is negative.
Arons2 suggests that an effective way of reaching students and improving their
conceptual understanding is to lead them through direct kinesthetic experiences,
giving them problems in which they must translate:
• From the graph to an actual motion
• From an actual motion to its representation on a graph
Constant Velocity: Position vs. Time Graphs
A simple analysis of constant velocity can be done using a bowling ball rolling on
a carpeted floor or using a battery-operated car. Video analysis is a great tool for
analyzing the motion in detail. The objective is for the students to be able to interpret
graphs of x vs. t in different directions. Here are some examples:
Give a qualitative description of the motion depicted in the following x vs. t graphs:
x
a. b.
t
t
x
Solution: Object starts at Solution: Object starts to the right
the origin and moves in of the origin and moves in the
the positive direction with negative direction with constant
constant velocity. velocity ending at the origin.
x x
c. d.
t t
Solution: Object starts at Solution: Object starts to the right
the origin and moves in of the origin and moves in the
the positive direction with negative direction with constant
constant velocity. velocity ending at the origin.
2 A. B. Arons, Teaching Introductory Physics, John Wiley & Sons, 1997.
AP Physics: 10 2006–2007 Workshop Materials
3. Special Focus:
Graphical Analysis
Constant Velocity: Velocity vs. Time Graphs
Give a qualitative description of the motion depicted in the following v vs. t graphs:
v
a. b.
t
t
v
Solution: Object moves to the Solution: Object moves to the
right at a fast constant speed. left at a slow constant speed.
Quantitative Approach
The next step is to have the students calculate the slope of an x vs. t graph and
understand that the value obtained is the average velocity. When the velocity is
constant, the average velocity over any time interval is equal to the instantaneous
velocity at any time.
The students should also be able to calculate the area under the curve of a v vs. t graph
and understand that the value obtained is the displacement.
Accelerated Motion
McDermott3 and her Physics Education Research group have suggested an excellent
approach that presents students with situations of a ball rolling along a series of level
and inclined tracks. This experiment can be performed in the classroom or lab using a
ball-track setup or a dynamics track and a cart.
The students should draw qualitative graphs of x vs. t, v vs. t, and a vs. t.
v0 = 0
x0 = 0
3 L. C. McDermott and P. S. Shaffer, Tutorials in Introductory Physics, Prentice Hall, 2002.
AP Physics: 2006–2007 Workshop Materials 11
4. Special Focus:
Graphical Analysis
Solution:
x v a
t
t t
Solution:
x0 = 0
x v a
v0 = 0
t t
t
AP Physics: 12 2006–2007 Workshop Materials
5. Special Focus:
Graphical Analysis
Solution:
v0 ≠ 0
x0 = 0
x v a
t t
t
v0 = 0
x0 = 0
AP Physics: 2006–2007 Workshop Materials 13
6. Special Focus:
Graphical Analysis
Solution:
x v a
t t
t
x0 = 0
Solution:
x v a
v0 = 0
t t
t
AP Physics: 14 2006–2007 Workshop Materials
7. Special Focus:
Graphical Analysis
After the students have made their predictions, they should conduct different
experiments to verify their graphs. The use of motion detectors and software programs
such as Logger ProTM or Graphical AnalysisTM is very effective in this analysis.
This qualitative approach will help the students understand that the signs of the velocity
and the acceleration are the same if the object is speeding up and that the signs of the
velocity and the acceleration are the opposite if the object is slowing down.
Interpreting Graphs
1. Give a qualitative description of the motion of an object at the different time
intervals depicted in the following v versus t graph:
A B C D E F
Answer:
A-B Positive acceleration, object is speeding up
B-C Object is moving with positive constant velocity
C-D Negative acceleration, object is slowing down
D-E Negative acceleration, object is speeding up
E-F Object is moving with negative constant velocity
F-G Positive acceleration, object is slowing down
t (s)
G
AP Physics: 2006–2007 Workshop Materials 15
8. Special Focus:
Graphical Analysis
2. Give a qualitative description of the motion of an object at the different time
intervals depicted in the following x versus t graph:
Answer:
A-B Object is at rest
B-C Negative acceleration, object is slowing down
C-D Negative acceleration, object is speeding up
D-E Object is at rest
E-F Positive acceleration, object is speeding up
F-G Object is moving with positive constant velocity
Quantitative Approach
The quantitative approach should include calculations of:
• Slope of the tangent of an x vs. t graph and definition of instantaneous velocity
• Slope of the v vs. t graph and the understanding that the value obtained is the
average acceleration
• Area under the v vs. t graph and the understanding that it gives the displacement
• Area under the a vs. t graph and the understanding that it gives the change
in velocity
AP Physics: 16 2006–2007 Workshop Materials
9. Special Focus:
Graphical Analysis
1. x
t
t
Solution:
Object starts at the right of the
origin, moves right at constant
v, stands still, and then moves
left at faster constant v.
2. v x
t
t
v
Solution:
Object moves left at constant v,
then moves to the right at
constant v but slower, then
stands still.
Graphical Analysis of Motion: Free-Response Questions from
Past AP Physics Exams
Answers to these questions can be found in College Board publications, on the AP
Central Web site, or at AP Summer Institutes and workshops.
1982 Physics B, Question 1
The first meters of a 100 meter dash are covered in 2 seconds by a sprinter who starts
from rest and accelerates with a constant acceleration. The remaining 90 meters are run
with the same velocity the sprinter had after 2 seconds.
a. Determine the sprinter’s constant acceleration during the first 2 seconds.
b. Determine the sprinter’s velocity after 2 seconds have elapsed.
c. Determine the total time needed to run the full 100 meters.
d. On the axes provided below, draw the displacement vs. time curve for the sprinter.
AP Physics: 2006–2007 Workshop Materials 17
10. Special Focus:
Graphical Analysis
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Time (seconds)
Displacement (meters)
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0 5 10 15 20
Time (s)
Scale Reading
(newtons)
1993 Physics B, Question 1
A student whose normal weight is 500 newtons stands on a scale in an elevator and
records the scale reading as a function of time. The data are shown in the graph above.
At time t = 0, the elevator is at displacement x = 0 with velocity v = 0. Assume that the
positive directions for displacement, velocity, and acceleration are upward.
a. On the diagram below, draw and label all of the forces on the student at
t = 8 seconds.
AP Physics: 18 2006–2007 Workshop Materials
11. Special Focus:
Graphical Analysis
b. Calculate the acceleration a of the elevator for each 5 second interval.
i. Indicate your results by completing the following table.
Time Interval (s) 0–5 5–10 10–15 15–20
a (m/s2) ____ ____ ___ ____
ii. Plot the acceleration as a function of time on the following graph.
0 5 10 15 20
10
5
0
–5
Acceleration (m/s2)
–10
Time (s)
c. Determine the velocity v of the elevator at the end of each 5 second interval.
i. Indicate your results by completing the following table.
Time Interval (s) 0–5 5–10 10–15 15–20
v (m/s) ____ ____ ___ ____
ii. Plot the velocity as a function of time on the following graph.
25
20
15
10
5
0
–5
–10
–15
–20
–25
0 5 10 15 20
Time (s)
Velocity (m/s)
AP Physics: 2006–2007 Workshop Materials 19
12. Special Focus:
Graphical Analysis
d. Determine the displacement x of the elevator above the starting point at the end of
each 5 second interval.
i. Indicate your results by completing the following table.
Time Interval (s) 0–5 5–10 10–15 15–20
x (m) ____ ____ ___ ____
ii. Plot the displacement as a function of time on the following graph.
0 Time (s)
0 5 10 15 20
250
200
150
100
50
Displacement (m)
AP Physics: 20 2006–2007 Workshop Materials
13. Special Focus:
Graphical Analysis
2000 Physics B, Question 1
A 0.50 kg cart moves on a straight horizontal track. The graph of velocity v versus time t
for the cart is given below.
a. Indicate every time t for which the cart is at rest.
b. Indicate every time interval for which the speed (magnitude of velocity) of the cart
is increasing.
c. Determine the horizontal position x of the cart at t = 9.0 s if the cart is located at
x = 2.0 m at t = 0.
AP Physics: 2006–2007 Workshop Materials 21
14. Special Focus:
Graphical Analysis
d. On the axes below, sketch the acceleration a versus time t graph for the motion of the
cart from t = 0 to t = 25 s.
e. From t = 25 s until the cart reaches the end of the track, the cart continues with
constant horizontal velocity. The cart leaves the end of the track and hits the floor,
which is 0.40 m below the track. Neglecting air resistance, determine each of
the following:
i. The time from when the cart leaves the track until it first hits the floor
ii. The horizontal distance from the end of the track to the point at which the cart
first hits the floor
iii. The kinetic energy of the cart immediately before it hits the floor
AP Physics: 22 2006–2007 Workshop Materials
15. Special Focus:
Graphical Analysis
2005 Physics B, Question 1
The vertical position of an elevator as a function of time is shown above.
a. On the grid below, graph the velocity of the elevator as a function of time.
b. i. Calculate the average acceleration for the time period t = 8 s to t = 10 s.
ii. On the box below that represents the elevator, draw a vector to represent the
direction of this average acceleration.
c. Suppose that there is a passenger of mass 70 kg in the elevator. Calculate the apparent
weight of the passenger at time t = 4 s.
AP Physics: 2006–2007 Workshop Materials 23
16. Special Focus:
Graphical Analysis
2005 Physics B, Form B, Question 1
A student of mass m stands on a platform scale in an elevator in a tall building. The
positive direction for all vector quantities is upward.
a. Draw a free body diagram showing and labeling all the forces acting on the student,
who is represented by the dot below.
b. Derive an expression for the reading on the scale in terms of the acceleration a of the
elevator, the mass m of the student, and fundamental constants. An inspector
provides the student with the following graph showing the acceleration a of the
elevator as a function of time t.
c. i. During what time interval(s) is the force exerted by the platform scale on the
student a maximum value?
ii. Calculate the magnitude of that maximum force for a 45 kg student.
d. During what time interval(s) is the speed of the elevator constant?
AP Physics: 24 2006–2007 Workshop Materials