The Google driverless car is a project by Google that involves developing technology for autonomous cars. The Google Driverless Car is like any car, but: It can steer itself while looking out for obstacles. It can accelerate itself to the correct speed limit. It can stop and go itself based on any traffic  The software powering Google's cars is called Google Chauffeur. It can take its passengers anywhere it wants to go safely, legally, and comfortably. Currently being led by Sebastian Thrun ,former director of Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and co-inventor of Google’s Street View.

1. QUANTUM GLOBAL CAMPUS
PRESENTATION

2. Google

3. INTRODUCTION
 The Google driverless car is a project by Google that involves
developing technology for autonomous cars.
 The Google Driverless Car is like any car, but:
 It can steer itself while looking out for obstacles.
 It can accelerate itself to the correct speed limit.
 It can stop and go itself based on any traffic condition.
https://www.national.co.uk/tech
-powers-google-car/

4. CONTINUE….
 The software powering Google's cars is called Google
Chauffeur.
 It can take its passengers anywhere it wants to go safely, legally,
and comfortably.
 Currently being led by Sebastian Thrun ,former director of
Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and co-inventor of
Google’s Street View.
director of Stanford Artificial
Intelligence

5. History

6. TECHNOLOGY USED
So what powers these driverless
cars? Let’s take a look at 9 awesome
technologies making this happen.

7. TECHNOLOGY

8. 1. LASER RANGE FINDER

9. 2.FRONT CAMERA FOR NEAR VISION
A camera mounted on the windshield takes care of
helping the car ‘see’ objects right in front of it. These
include the usual suspects- pedestrians, and other
motorists. This camera also detects and records
information about road signs and traffic lights, which is
intelligently interpreted by the car’s in built software.

10.  Four Radars are mounted on the
car’s front and rear bumpers.
 Enables the car to be aware of
vehicles in front of it and behind it.
 The radar sensor on the car’s
bumpers keeps a ‘digital eye’ on
the car ahead.
 The software is programmed to (at
all times) maintain a distance of 2-
4 seconds.

11. 4.AERIAL THAT READS PRECISE GEO-LOCATION
An aerial on the rear of the car receives information about
the precise location of the car, thanks to GPS satellites. The
car’s GPS inertial navigation unit works with the sensors to
help the car ocalise itself. But GPS estimates may be off by
several metres due to signal disturbances and other
interferences from the atmosphere

12. 5.ULTRASONIC SENSORS ON REAR WHEELS
An ultrasonic sensor on one of the rear wheels helps keep track of
the movements of the car and will alert the car about the
obstacles in the rear. These ultrasonic sensors are already in
action in some of the technologically advanced cars of today. Cars
that offer automatic ‘Reverse Park Assist’ technology utilise such
sensors to help navigate the car into tight reverse parking spots.
Typically, these sensors get activated when the car is engaged in
the reverse gear

13. 6.DEVICES WITHIN THE CAR
Inside the car are altimeters, and tachymeters that
determine the very precise position of the car thanks
to the various parameters they measure. This offers
highly accurate data for the car to operate safely

14. 7.SYNERGISTIC COMBINING OF SENSORS
All the data gathered by these sensors is collated and interpreted
together by the car’s CPU or in built software system to create a safe
driving experience.

15. 8.Central computer
• Information from all the sensors is analysed by a central
computer that manipulates the steering, accelerator and
brakes. Its software must understand the rules of the road
both formal and informal.
• Based on the information received the software takes self
driving decisions.

16. 10. Programming real life behavior
While the vehicle does slow down to allow motorists to go ahead, especially in 4
way interactions, the car has also been programmed to advance ahead if it detects
that the other vehicle is not moving.
 Google Engineers have programmed some real life
behavior in these cars.

17. • Managing traffic flow to increase road capacity.
• Relieving vehicle occupants from driving allowing them to
concentrate on other tasks or to rest during their journeys.
• To avoid accidents .
• Increasing roadway capacity by reducing the distances between
cars.
• The current location of vehicle can be determined using global
positioning system (g.p.s) .

18. • If the vehicle is using internet which is having less security then
from the hackers point of view in some cases the vehicle can be
switched off on the road(in rare cases)
• Hackers can change the route which is plotted in the system(in
rare cases)
• In case of failure of main sensor and backup sensors the vehicle
can create a chance of accident

19. BACKGROUND & OBSERVATION
But no other invention in the history of civilian technology has caused
as much harm as the automobile.
Every 30 seconds, someone dies in a traffic accident, adding up to
well over 1 million deaths each year.
human error is the cause of over 90% of automobile accidents.
Automobiles play a significant role in our lives and afford many
benefits to society.

20. SAFETY
 The car itself is limited to 25 mph
 Minimises the kinetic energy it could carry
into a crash if one should happen.
 The front of the car is also made to be as
kind to pedestrians
 With a foam bumper and a flexible
windscreen that is designed to absorb
energy from an impact with a person’s body.
 “Fault-tolerant architecture”

21.  CONTINUE….
 Seat belts are also provided
 Emergency stop button that passengers can hit at anytime.
 Defensive, considerate driving style that is meant to protect both
the passengers and other road users
 The car will wait a second after the traffic lights turn green before it
moves off, although this could incur the anger of drivers stuck behind it.

22. BENEFITS

23. INCIDENTS
In June 2015, Google's 23 self-driving cars have been involved
in 12 minor traffic accidents on public roads
Google maintains that in all cases the vehicle itself was not at
fault because the cars were either being manually driven or the
driver of another vehicle was at fault.
In 2010, an incident involved a Google driverless car being rear- ended
while stopped at a traffic light.
In August 2011, a Google driverless car was involved in a crash
near Google headquarters in Mountain View, California.

24. CONTINUE….
In June 2015, Google founder Sergey Brin confirmed
that
there had been 12 accidents,
• Eight of which involved being rear-ended at a stop
sign or traffic light.
• two in which the vehicle was side-swiped by another
driver
• one of which involved another driver rolling through a
stop sign, and
• one where a Google employee was manually driving
the car

25. AFFORDABILITY
 cost will be an issue for driverless and self-driving car
technologies well into the future
 The featured Prius, which starts at around $24,000, is optioned
up with a –
•$75,000 to $80,000 Velodyne LIDAR system,
•visual and radar sensors estimated to cost about $10,000,
•and a nearly $200,000 GPS array.
 Not to mention the cost of the driving computer and software.
 It may cost more than a Ferrari 599.

26. SOCIAL ISSUES
WHO can be the “driver”?
Age Limits?
Driving licenses?

27. The driver less car’s technologies improves vehicle's stability
helps to minimize loss of control.
Driver less cars are designed to minimize accidents by
addressing the main causes of collisions: driving error,
distraction and drowsiness.

28. references
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/driverless car
• Http://autocontrols.com.au/
• http://www.howstuffworks.com/cruise-control
• http://www.howstuffworks.com/electronic stability control
• https://www.national.co.uk/tech-powers-google-car/