This presentation summarizes the technology behind driverless cars. It discusses how driverless cars use sensors, cameras, lasers and GPS to navigate roads autonomously, obeying traffic laws. It notes some safety features like limited speed, foam bumpers and redundant systems. Advantages include increased road capacity and allowing drivers to rest. Limitations include potential hacking, inability to handle some conditions like snow, and challenges recognizing some objects. The conclusion is that driverless car technology improves stability and aims to minimize accidents.

1. School of Computer Engineering
KIIT University
Final Year Seminar Presentation
on
Presented by - Sumit Shekhar
1305234
Guided by - Prof. Harish Patnaik

2. What is it ?
■ Ability of a car to get from point A to point B
without human interaction.
■ The Google Driverless Car is a project by
Google that involves developing technology for
autonomous cars, mainly electric cars.

3. How Does it Works ?
■ Powered by an electric motor with around a
100 mile range, the car uses a combination
of sensors and software to locate itself in
the real world combined with highly
accurate digital maps.
■ A GPS is used, just like the satellite
navigation systems in most cars, to get a
rough location of the car, at which point
radar, lasers and cameras take over to
monitor the world around the car, 360-
degrees.
■ The software can recognise objects, people,
cars, road marking, signs and traffic lights,
obeying the rules of the road and allowing
for multiple unpredictable hazards, including
cyclists. It can even detect road works and
safely navigate around them.

4. Prototype

5. How safe is it ?
■ The car itself is limited to 25 mph, which
restricts it to certain roads, but also
minimises the kinetic energy it could
carry into a crash if one should happen.
■ The front of the car is also made to be as
kind to pedestrians as possible with a
foam bumper and a flexible windscreen
that is designed to absorb energy from
an impact with a person’s body.

6. ■ Seat belts are also provided – a safety
requirement for vehicles on the road.
■ While the car has redundant systems, a “fault-
tolerant architecture” as Google calls it, for both
steering and braking, should the primary
systems fails; plus that emergency stop button
that passengers can hit at any time.
How safe is it ? (Continued)

7. Advantages
■ Managing traffic flow to increase road capacity.
■ Relieving vehicle occupants from driving allowing
them to concentrate on other tasks or to rest
during their journeys.
■ To avoid accidents.
■ Increasing roadway capacity by reducing the
distances between cars.
■ The current location of vehicle can be determined
using global positioning system (GPS).

8. Limitations
■ If the vehicle is using internet which is having
less security then from the hackers point of
view in some cases the vehicle can be switched
off on the road(in rare cases).
■ Hackers can change the route which is plotted
in the system(in rare cases).
■ In case of failure of main sensor and backup
sensors the vehicle can create a chance of
accident .

9. Limitations (Continued)
■ The vehicles are unable to recognise temporary
traffic signals. They have not proven
themselves in snow or rain.
■ They are also unable to navigate through
parking lots.
■ Vehicles are unable to differentiate between
pedestrian and policeman or between crumpled
up paper and a rock. Google projects having
these issues fixed by 2024.

10. Conclusion
■ The driverless car’s technologies improves
vehicle's stability helps to minimise loss of
control.
■ Driver less cars are designed to minimise
accidents by addressing the main causes of
collisions: driving error, distraction and
drowsiness.

11. References
◻ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J17Qgc4a8xY
◻ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/driverless car
◻ http://autocontrols.com.au/
◻ http://www.howstuffworks.com/cruise-control
◻ http://www.howstuffworks.com/electronic stability control

12. Thank You
End of Presentation