Gerunds Overview for 11B
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The document provides an overview of gerunds, which are verb forms ending in "-ing" that function as nouns. It discusses how gerunds can serve as subjects, objects, and objects of prepositions. Examples are given for each grammatical function of gerunds. Common verbs followed by gerund objects are listed, and exercises are included for students to practice identifying and forming gerunds in different contexts.
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Gerunds
Gerunds are verbals ending in "-ing" that function as nouns. Gerunds can serve in various grammatical roles within sentences such as subjects, direct objects, subject complements, and objects of prepositions. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund plus any modifiers, objects, or complements. Gerunds and gerund phrases do not require punctuation.
Gerunds
This document provides instruction on identifying and understanding the function of gerunds in sentences. It begins by defining gerunds as verbals that function as nouns and end in "-ing". Examples are then given of gerunds functioning as subjects, subject complements, direct objects, indirect objects, and objects of prepositions. Learners practice identifying gerunds and determining their function in various sentences through exercises. The document concludes with a review of gerund identification and function.
Gerunds (ing form)
This document defines and provides examples of gerunds. It explains that a gerund is a noun formed from a verb by adding "-ing" and acts as a noun, unlike a present participle which is part of a verb phrase. It provides examples of how gerunds can be used as subjects, after certain verbs like "love" and "enjoy", after expressions like "can't help", and after prepositions. It also gives examples of gerund use after the verb "go", in compound nouns, and after phrasal verbs.
Gerunds and Appositives
The document discusses phrases, gerunds, and appositives. It defines phrases as groups of words without subjects and verbs, gerunds as noun forms of verbs that can function as different parts of speech, and appositives as nouns that rename other nouns and are set off by commas. The document also notes that a gerund phrase can serve as an appositive phrase.
uses of Gerund
The document discusses gerunds, which are verb forms ending in "-ing" that function as nouns. It provides examples of gerunds functioning as subjects, direct objects, objects of prepositions, subjective complements, and appositives within sentences. Specifically, it defines these grammatical roles and provides example sentences to illustrate each use of a gerund.
Gerunds
A gerund is a noun formed from a verb that ends in "-ing" and can serve different grammatical functions within a sentence. Gerunds can act as subjects, objects, or complements. They can also be used after prepositions or possessives. When used in the past tense, a gerund emphasizes the difference in time between two actions by using "having" plus the past participle. The passive voice is also formed with gerunds by using "being" or "having been" plus the past participle.
Gerunds
Gerunds are verbal nouns that end in "-ing" and can function as different parts of speech. They express an action or state of being. Some key points about gerunds are:
- Gerunds can function as subjects, direct objects, subject complements, and objects of prepositions.
- Examples of gerunds functioning as subjects, direct objects, subject complements, and objects of prepositions are provided.
- Gerund phrases consist of a gerund plus modifiers, objects, and/or complements. Without gerunds, verbs could not function as nouns.
Gerund
Gerunds are verb forms ending in "-ing" that function as nouns. They can serve as subjects, objects of prepositions, direct objects, subject complements, or appositives in sentences. Common uses include gerunds as subjects like "dancing helps lose weight" or objects of prepositions like "the family enjoys picnicking." Forming gerunds is done by adding "-ing" to the base verb form.
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Gerunds
Gerunds are verbals ending in "-ing" that function as nouns. Gerunds can serve in various grammatical roles within sentences such as subjects, direct objects, subject complements, and objects of prepositions. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund plus any modifiers, objects, or complements. Gerunds and gerund phrases do not require punctuation.
Gerunds
This document provides instruction on identifying and understanding the function of gerunds in sentences. It begins by defining gerunds as verbals that function as nouns and end in "-ing". Examples are then given of gerunds functioning as subjects, subject complements, direct objects, indirect objects, and objects of prepositions. Learners practice identifying gerunds and determining their function in various sentences through exercises. The document concludes with a review of gerund identification and function.
Gerunds (ing form)
This document defines and provides examples of gerunds. It explains that a gerund is a noun formed from a verb by adding "-ing" and acts as a noun, unlike a present participle which is part of a verb phrase. It provides examples of how gerunds can be used as subjects, after certain verbs like "love" and "enjoy", after expressions like "can't help", and after prepositions. It also gives examples of gerund use after the verb "go", in compound nouns, and after phrasal verbs.
Gerunds and Appositives
The document discusses phrases, gerunds, and appositives. It defines phrases as groups of words without subjects and verbs, gerunds as noun forms of verbs that can function as different parts of speech, and appositives as nouns that rename other nouns and are set off by commas. The document also notes that a gerund phrase can serve as an appositive phrase.
uses of Gerund
The document discusses gerunds, which are verb forms ending in "-ing" that function as nouns. It provides examples of gerunds functioning as subjects, direct objects, objects of prepositions, subjective complements, and appositives within sentences. Specifically, it defines these grammatical roles and provides example sentences to illustrate each use of a gerund.
Gerunds
A gerund is a noun formed from a verb that ends in "-ing" and can serve different grammatical functions within a sentence. Gerunds can act as subjects, objects, or complements. They can also be used after prepositions or possessives. When used in the past tense, a gerund emphasizes the difference in time between two actions by using "having" plus the past participle. The passive voice is also formed with gerunds by using "being" or "having been" plus the past participle.
Gerunds
Gerunds are verbal nouns that end in "-ing" and can function as different parts of speech. They express an action or state of being. Some key points about gerunds are:
- Gerunds can function as subjects, direct objects, subject complements, and objects of prepositions.
- Examples of gerunds functioning as subjects, direct objects, subject complements, and objects of prepositions are provided.
- Gerund phrases consist of a gerund plus modifiers, objects, and/or complements. Without gerunds, verbs could not function as nouns.
Gerund
Gerunds are verb forms ending in "-ing" that function as nouns. They can serve as subjects, objects of prepositions, direct objects, subject complements, or appositives in sentences. Common uses include gerunds as subjects like "dancing helps lose weight" or objects of prepositions like "the family enjoys picnicking." Forming gerunds is done by adding "-ing" to the base verb form.
Gerund
The document discusses the use of gerunds in the English language. It explains that a gerund is a verb form ending in "-ing" that functions as a noun. Some key uses of gerunds include as the subject or object of a sentence, after prepositions, in idiomatic phrases like "go swimming", and to form modifiers like "swimming pool". The document provides many examples for each grammatical use and explains the formation of gerunds from different verb types. In general, it serves as a comprehensive guide to understanding and using gerunds properly in English.
gerund
The document discusses the function of gerunds in sentences. It defines gerunds as verbs ending in "-ing" that function as nouns. The summary then provides 10 examples of how gerunds can be used: 1) as the subject of a sentence, 2) as the object of a sentence, 3) as a subjective complement, 4) after "no", 5) after possessive adjectives, 6) to express the passive voice, 7) in idiomatic expressions like "going shopping", 8) after prepositions like "home", 9) after certain verbs, and 10) as complements in idioms.
Gerund
Gerunds are verb forms ending in "-ing" that function as nouns. They can be subjects, objects, or objects of prepositions. To form gerunds, add "-ing" to the base form of the verb. Examples of gerunds used as subjects include "dancing is fun" and "cooking is my hobby." Gerunds can also be objects, such as "I enjoy learning English" or "he does boxing in the gym." Prepositions can also take gerund objects, like "my love for reading."
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The document discusses gerunds and how they differ from present participles. It notes that gerunds always end in "-ing" and act as nouns in a sentence by serving as subjects, direct objects, indirect objects, or objects of a preposition. Examples are provided to illustrate gerunds being used as subjects and direct objects. A test for distinguishing gerunds from present participles is outlined, suggesting replacing "-ing" verbs with "it" to see if the sentence still makes sense.
Gerund
This document defines a gerund as a verb form ending in "-ing" that functions as a noun. It identifies 5 types of gerunds: 1) as a subject, 2) as an object following a verb, 3) as an object following a preposition, 4) as a modifier, and 5) with a possessive pronoun. Examples are provided for each type of gerund construction. The document concludes by asking the reader to construct example sentences using each kind of gerund.
Gerunds and infinitives
This document discusses gerunds and infinitives. It explains that gerunds end in "-ing" but function as nouns, taking object or complement roles. Infinitives use "to" before the base verb form and can function as subjects, objects, complements, adjectives, or adverbs. Certain verbs like "enjoy" and "avoid" are followed by gerunds rather than infinitives. Gerunds can be used after prepositions but infinitives cannot.
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This document discusses gerunds, which are verb forms ending in "-ing" that function as nouns. It provides examples of gerunds being used as subjects and objects of sentences. As subjects, gerunds are always singular and require a third-person singular verb. As objects, gerunds follow certain verbs like "suggest" and "enjoy". The document also discusses using "go + gerund" to describe activities and provides exercises for readers to practice identifying and using gerunds.
Gerund phrases
The document discusses gerund phrases. It defines a gerund phrase as consisting of a gerund accompanied by modifiers and/or objects. It provides examples of gerund phrases functioning as subjects, direct objects, subjective complements, objects of prepositions, and appositives. The examples serve to illustrate these different functions of gerund phrases in sentences.
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The document defines and provides examples of different types of verbal phrases: gerund phrases, participial phrases, and infinitive phrases. It explains that a verbal is a noun or adjective formed from a verb. A verbal phrase consists of a verbal and other components that function as a unit. Gerund phrases use a verb form ending in "-ing" as a noun. Participial phrases use a verb form ending in "-ing" or a past participle as an adjective. Infinitive phrases use the base form of the verb preceded by "to" and can function as a noun, adjective, or adverb. Examples are provided and explained for each type of verbal phrase.
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The document discusses different types of verbals - infinitives, participles, and gerunds. It provides examples of each and explains their functions. Infinitives can act as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. Participles are verb forms used as adjectives that end in "-ing" or "-ed/-en". Gerunds are verb forms used as nouns that end in "-ing". The document includes practice identifying examples of each verbal form in sample sentences.
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A gerund phrase begins with a gerund (an "-ing" word) and functions as a noun within a sentence as the subject, subject complement, or object. Gerund phrases are sometimes confused with present participle phrases, but gerund phrases always function as nouns while present participle phrases describe other words. Examples are given to illustrate the difference between gerund and present participle phrases.
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This document provides an overview of gerunds. A gerund is a noun formed by adding "-ing" to a verb. Gerunds can act as subjects, objects, and complements in sentences. They can also be modified by adjectives and take objects and complements. Gerunds commonly follow prepositions and verbs like "enjoy" and "avoid". They can be used in simple or past forms to indicate the timing of actions. Care should be taken not to confuse gerunds with progressive verb forms or present participles used as adjectives.
Gerund
A gerund is a word formed from a verb that ends in "-ing" and functions as a noun. Gerunds can serve as the subject, object of a preposition, direct object, or subject complement of a sentence. Common uses of gerunds include being the subject as in "Windsurfing is exciting" or the object of a preposition as in "After three hours of studying, Steve was tired."
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The document discusses the use of gerunds in the English language. It explains that a gerund is a verb form ending in "-ing" that functions as a noun. Some key uses of gerunds include as the subject or object of a sentence, after prepositions, in idiomatic phrases like "go swimming", and to form modifiers like "swimming pool". The document provides many examples for each grammatical use and explains the formation of gerunds from different verb types. In general, it serves as a comprehensive guide to understanding and using gerunds properly in English.
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The document discusses the function of gerunds in sentences. It defines gerunds as verbs ending in "-ing" that function as nouns. The summary then provides 10 examples of how gerunds can be used: 1) as the subject of a sentence, 2) as the object of a sentence, 3) as a subjective complement, 4) after "no", 5) after possessive adjectives, 6) to express the passive voice, 7) in idiomatic expressions like "going shopping", 8) after prepositions like "home", 9) after certain verbs, and 10) as complements in idioms.
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Gerunds are verb forms ending in "-ing" that function as nouns. They can be subjects, objects, or objects of prepositions. To form gerunds, add "-ing" to the base form of the verb. Examples of gerunds used as subjects include "dancing is fun" and "cooking is my hobby." Gerunds can also be objects, such as "I enjoy learning English" or "he does boxing in the gym." Prepositions can also take gerund objects, like "my love for reading."
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The document discusses gerunds and how they differ from present participles. It notes that gerunds always end in "-ing" and act as nouns in a sentence by serving as subjects, direct objects, indirect objects, or objects of a preposition. Examples are provided to illustrate gerunds being used as subjects and direct objects. A test for distinguishing gerunds from present participles is outlined, suggesting replacing "-ing" verbs with "it" to see if the sentence still makes sense.
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This document defines a gerund as a verb form ending in "-ing" that functions as a noun. It identifies 5 types of gerunds: 1) as a subject, 2) as an object following a verb, 3) as an object following a preposition, 4) as a modifier, and 5) with a possessive pronoun. Examples are provided for each type of gerund construction. The document concludes by asking the reader to construct example sentences using each kind of gerund.
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This document discusses gerunds, which are verb forms ending in "-ing" that function as nouns. It provides examples of gerunds being used as subjects and objects of sentences. As subjects, gerunds are always singular and require a third-person singular verb. As objects, gerunds follow certain verbs like "suggest" and "enjoy". The document also discusses using "go + gerund" to describe activities and provides exercises for readers to practice identifying and using gerunds.
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The document discusses gerund phrases. It defines a gerund phrase as consisting of a gerund accompanied by modifiers and/or objects. It provides examples of gerund phrases functioning as subjects, direct objects, subjective complements, objects of prepositions, and appositives. The examples serve to illustrate these different functions of gerund phrases in sentences.
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The document discusses verbals, which are verb forms that function as other parts of speech. There are three types of verbals: infinitives, participles, and gerunds. Infinitives can act as nouns, adjectives or adverbs. Participles are verb forms used as adjectives that end in "-ing" or "-ed/-en". Gerunds look like participles but act as nouns, ending in "-ing" and functioning as subjects, objects or objects of prepositions. Examples are provided of identifying and distinguishing between these verbal forms.
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This document provides an overview of gerunds. A gerund is a noun formed by adding "-ing" to a verb. Gerunds can act as subjects, objects, and complements in sentences. They can also be modified by adjectives and take objects and complements. Gerunds commonly follow prepositions and verbs like "enjoy" and "avoid". They can be used in simple or past forms to indicate the timing of actions. Care should be taken not to confuse gerunds with progressive verb forms or present participles used as adjectives.
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A gerund is a verb form ending in "-ing" that functions as a noun. Gerunds can be used as subjects, objects of verbs, and objects of prepositions. Certain verbs like "enjoy", "quit", and "appreciate" take gerund objects. The verb "go" is often followed by a gerund phrase like "go shopping". Special expressions like "have fun", "spend time", and "have trouble" can also be followed by gerunds to express how an action is performed.
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- 2. Overview of Gerunds Subject: Dancing is fun. Object: Marvin enjoys dancing. Object of a Preposition: Marvin is good at dancing.
- 3. Overview of Gerunds Gerunds look like verbs with an –ing ending, but they act like nouns. So, to make a gerund, add “-ing” to the base form of the verb ex. Eat-ing is my favorite hobby. ex. I love surf-ing!
- 4. Overview of Gerunds All verbs have a gerund form, including stative verbs. ex. Running and surfing are my two favorite sports. ex. Owning a car is expensive. Gerunds can name an activity or situation in a general way: ex. Swimming makes me tired. ex. I don’t like studying. http://www.albany.edu/faculty/elle/aeng216/images/gerund.gif
- 5. Overview of Gerunds Gerunds are always singular and act like non-count nouns. ex. Sleeping is good for you. To make a negative gerund, add “not” before the gerund. ex. Sleeping is good for you. ex. Not sleeping is bad for you.
- 6. Overview of Gerunds A gerund can be one word or a phrase. Reading is fun. gerund Reading magazines makes me sleepy. gerund + object Reading in the evening makes me sleepy. gerund + prepositional phrase
- 7. Overview of Gerunds Let’s practice! Do Exercise 1 with your partner.
- 8. Subject Gerunds Subject Gerund Verb Cooking is fun. Cooking dinner takes a lot of time. Cooking for my children makes me happy.
- 9. Subject Gerunds Gerunds can replace singular noun or pronoun subjects: Exercise makes me tired. It makes me tired. Running makes me tired.
- 10. Subject Gerunds Subject gerunds are used in general statements such as opinions, and for listing activities: eg. Jogging is good for you. eg. My favorite sports are: jogging, swimming, skiing.
- 11. Subject Gerunds Let’s practice! Do Exercises 2, 3, and 4 with your partner.
- 12. Object Gerunds Subject Verb Object Gerund She loves gardening. She enjoys working in the garden. She likes picking blueberries.
- 13. Object Gerunds Again, a gerund can replace a singular noun or pronoun object after a verb: ex. I enjoy my work. it. working. Again, put ‘not’ before a gerund to make it negative. ex. I considered not going to the party.
- 14. Object Gerunds Many common verbs and phrases are followed by gerunds: eg. Do you avoid doing homework? eg. Mark dislikes doing the dishes. eg. I had trouble running this morning.
- 15. Object Gerunds Let’s practice! Look at list of common verbs followed by OBJECT GERUNDS. Then, do Exercise 5 with your partner.
- 16. Object Gerunds Many verbs that come before object gerunds express: 1. Likes eg. We enjoy sailing. 2. Dislikes eg. I dislike waiting in line. 3. Feelings eg. He regrets leaving early.
- 17. Object Gerunds ‘Go’ plus gerund is used in many expressions related to recreational activities and shopping: go boating go fishing go mountain climbing go camping go hiking go shopping go canoeing go jogging go sightseeing
- 18. Object Gerunds ‘Go’ plus gerund Marie: Do you ever go swimming in the lake? Karen: Yes, quite often. We also go fishing on Saturdays. You should come with us sometime. Marie: That sounds great, but first I’ll have to go shopping for a fishing rod.
- 19. Object Gerunds Let’s practice! Do Exercises 6 with your partner.
- 20. Preposition + Object Gerunds A gerund or gerund phrase can be the object of a preposition. Verb Prep Gerund eg. He is thinking about going to Brazil. eg. He plans on visiting Sao Paulo. https://encrypted- tbn2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSkKG71JmiKqI 3MH3FseDbrhLVNkeecEjqS1RIJfuBIqrivzNbR
- 21. Be + Adjective + Preposition + Gerunds ► Gerunds are used after many noun + preposition combinations. be + adjective + preposition + gerund eg. I am tired of lending her money. eg. He is afraid of getting a parking ticket in Los Angeles.
- 22. Object Gerunds Let’s practice! Do Exercises 7 & 8 with your partner.
- 23. “BY” + Gerund ► The preposition ‘BY’ + GERUND tells us how something is done: eg. I got an ‘A’ by studying hard. (How did you get an ‘A’? By studying hard.) eg. I cooked the chicken by baking it. (How did you get an ‘A’? By studying hard.)
- 24. Preposition + Object Gerunds Let’s practice! With your partner, do Exercises 9