The document provides an overview of infinitives in English. It defines infinitives as "to + simple form of the verb" and notes they can act as nouns. Examples are given of single verb and verb phrase infinitives. Infinitives can be used after certain verbs and as the object of verbs. The differences between using gerunds and infinitives after certain verbs like begin, prefer, try, remember and regret are explored with examples. Infinitives of purpose and structures like "be + adjective + infinitive" are also covered.
Tips on Gerunds and Infinitives [ https://learningpundits.com/module-view/21-gerunds-&-infinitives/1-tips-on-gerunds-&-infinitives/ ].
LearningPundits helps Job Seekers make great CVs [ https://learningpundits.com/module-view/1-cv-preparation-for-freshers/1-cv-writing-tips-for-freshers/ ] , master English Grammar and Vocabulary [ https://learningpundits.com/course/4-english-grammar/ ] , ace Aptitude Tests [ https://learningpundits.com/course/11-mathematical-aptitude/ ], speak fluently in a Group Discussion [ https://learningpundits.com/module-view/6-group-discussion-questions/1-tips-for-speaking-in-a-group-discussion/ ] and perform well in Interviews [ https://learningpundits.com/course/2-personal-interview/ ] We also conduct weekly online contests on Aptitude and English [ https://learningpundits.com/contest ]. We also allow Job Seekers to apply for Jobs [ https://learningpundits.com/applyForJobs ]
Tips on Gerunds and Infinitives [ https://learningpundits.com/module-view/21-gerunds-&-infinitives/1-tips-on-gerunds-&-infinitives/ ].
LearningPundits helps Job Seekers make great CVs [ https://learningpundits.com/module-view/1-cv-preparation-for-freshers/1-cv-writing-tips-for-freshers/ ] , master English Grammar and Vocabulary [ https://learningpundits.com/course/4-english-grammar/ ] , ace Aptitude Tests [ https://learningpundits.com/course/11-mathematical-aptitude/ ], speak fluently in a Group Discussion [ https://learningpundits.com/module-view/6-group-discussion-questions/1-tips-for-speaking-in-a-group-discussion/ ] and perform well in Interviews [ https://learningpundits.com/course/2-personal-interview/ ] We also conduct weekly online contests on Aptitude and English [ https://learningpundits.com/contest ]. We also allow Job Seekers to apply for Jobs [ https://learningpundits.com/applyForJobs ]
Use the past perfect progressive to talk about an action that was in progress before a specific time in the past. The progressive emphasizes the continuing activity, not the end result.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2. Infinitives Overview
Maria tries to kick the ball.
She wants to score five goals.
She hopes to win the game!
3. Infinitives Overview
To form an infinitive, use ‘to’ + simple form of the verb
Jennifer hopes to get an ‘A’.
to win the game.
to graduate college in 2017.
4. Infinitives Overview
Like gerunds, infinitives act like nouns, not verbs.
It is often the object of a verb.
I want pizza.
I want it.
I want to eat.
Infinitives are
like nouns!
8. Verb + Infinitive
More than one Infinitive in a sentence:
Do you want to sweep or to vacuum?
Do you want to sweep or vacuum? You may omit the
second ‘to’.
10. Let’s try it!
With your partner, complete the chart in Exercise 3.
11. Verb + Object + Infinitive
Some verbs are followed by an object + infinitive. The object can be a noun
or pronoun.
Sue taught Max to sit.
She told Max to sit.
12. Verb + Object + Infinitive
With want, need, and would like and some other verbs, the meaning can
change if we add an object.
I want to go swimming.
I want Sammy to go swimming.
She needs to cook lunch.
She needs you to cook lunch.
He would like to have dessert.
He would like you to have dessert.
14. Gerund or Infinitive
after begin, start, and continue
have same meaning
I began to cry during the movie.
I began crying during the movie.
I started to eat my sandwich.
I started eating my sandwich.
She continued to do well in her classes.
She continued doing well in her classes.
same meaning
same meaning
same meaning
15. Gerund or Infinitive
after like, love, hate, prefer
can have same or different meaning
I prefer eating hotdogs over hamburgers.
I prefer to eat hotdogs over hamburgers.
I prefer playing tennis.
(gerunds often for general activities)
I prefer to play tennis at 6 o’clock tomorrow.
(infinitives often for one specific occasion, especially
in the future)
same meaning
different meaning
16. Gerund or Infinitive?
A trick that sometimes works :)
Gerunds: The gerund happens first, then the verb happens second.
I appreciate living by the beach.
(First you live, then you appreciate.)
I finished watering the garden.
(First you water, then you finish.)
17. Gerund or Infinitive?
A trick that sometimes works :)
Infinitives: The verb happens first, then the infinitive happens second.
He wants to come skating with us.
(First you want, then you come.)
He asked me to marry him.
(First you asked, then she married.)
18. Gerund or Infinitive
after try may have same or
different meanings
He made the call:
I tried to call you, but you weren’t home.
I tried calling you but you weren’t home.
Unsuccessful attempt:
I tried to take some aspirin for the pain, but I couldn’t open the bottle.
Experiment:
I tried taking some aspirin for the pain, but it didn’t help.
same meaning
different meaning
19. Give it a try!
With your partner, do Exercise 5.
20. Gerund or Infinitive
after remember, forget, stop, and regret
have different meanings
Infinitive Gerund
I remembered to mail the letter. I remembered mailing the letter.
(First I remembered. Then I mailed the letter.) (First I mailed the letter. Then I remembered it.)
I forgot* to go there. I’ll never* forget going there.
(First I forgot, so I didn’t go there.) (First I went there. Now I’ll never forget it.)
* ‘Forget’ is most common with infinitives. * ‘Never + forget’ is often used with the gerund.
21. Gerund or Infinitive
after remember, forget, stop, and regret
have different meanings
Infinitive Gerund
I stopped to smoke. I stopped smoking.
(First I stopped what I was doing. Then I smoked.) (First I was a smoker. Then I stopped.)
I regret to tell you that... I’ll regret telling you that…
(First I regretted it. Then I told you that…) (First I told you something. Then I regretted it.)
22. Give it a try!
With your partner, do Exercise 6.
23. Infinitives of Purpose
Used to say WHY we do something.
Verb + infinitive
I went to the store to buy milk.
Use ‘in order’ before the infinitive to add variety and formality.
I went to the store in order to buy milk.
Aways include “in order” when the purpose is negative.
We were speaking quietly in order not to wake up Mr. Smith
24. Infinitives of Purpose
Use an infinitive to give a short answer to a WHY question:
Question: Short answer:
Why did you go to the store? To buy milk.
To get to the other side.
25. Try it out!
With your partner, do Exercises 7 and 8.
26. ‘Be’ Adjective + Infinitive
Subject Be + Adjective Infinitive
It is difficult to drive home in bad weather.
(It = to drive home in bad weather)
I am happy to help you.
They were surprised to hear they had gotten married.