This document provides information on gerunds (Ving) and infinitives (to V) in English. It lists examples of gerunds and infinitives used as subjects, objects of verbs and prepositions, and in idiomatic expressions. It also discusses the passive voice formed with gerunds and infinitives, and verbs that are commonly used with infinitives.

3. STRUCTURE
GERUNDS (Ving)
PLAYING (OYNAMA)
UPLOADING (YÜKLEME)
ABOLISHING (SONA ERDİRME)
ACHIEVING (BAŞARMA)
BULLYING (ZORBALIK ETME)
CLARIFYING (AÇIKLAMA)
DEFINING (TANIMLAMA)
ENHANCING (ARTIRMA)
FINANCING (PARA SAĞLAMA)
GUIDING (YÖNLENDİRME)
HARASSING (TACİZ ETME)
IMITATING (TAKLİT ETME)
LEGISLATING (YASAMA)
INFINITIVES (to V)
TO IMAGINE (HAYAL ETME)
TO KIDNAP (ADAM KAÇIRMA)
TO LEAK (SIZ(DIR)MA)
TO PERSUADE (İKNA ETME)
TO REGISTER (KAYIT OLMA)
TO SEIZE (ELE GEÇİRME)
TO TRACE (İZİNİ SÜRME)
TO UNDERTAKE (ÜSTLENME)
TO VIOLATE (İHLAL ETME)
TO WITNESS (ŞAHİT OLMA)
TO YIELD (MEYVE VERME)
TO OBEY (İTAAT ETME)
TO OBSERVE (GÖZLEMLEME)

4. FUNCTION
Gerund (Ving) ve Infinitive (to V) fiilleri isimleştirmek için kullanılır, ve
cümlede bir isim (noun) gibi kullanılır.
Uploading a file on the internet sometimes takes too much time.
İnternete dosya yükleme bazen çok fazla zaman alır
His making excuses all the time makes me angry.
Sürekli bahaneler üretmesi beni sinirlendiriyor
The man denied harassing his collegue.
Adam, iş arkadaşını taciz ettiğini inkar etti.
To raise children is not easy.
Çocuk yetiştirmek kolay değildir.
We all hope to settle the matter as soon as possible
Hepimiz, sorunu en kısa zamanda çözmeyi umuyoruz.

5. SUBJECT FUNCTION
Finding a solution to such problems is difficult.
Bu tür sorunlara çözüm bulmak zordur.
Learning a foreign language after a certain age was difficult
for me.
Belli bir yaştan sonra yabancı bir dil öğrenmek benim için zor
oldu.
Avoiding or ignoring the problems may cause physiological
problems.
Sorunlardan kaçmak veya onları görmezden gelmek
psikolojik sorunlara neden olabilir.
Drinking too much may result in liver failure.
Aşırı içki içmek karaciğer yetmezliği ile sonuçlanabilir.
Being interested in learning a foreign language necessiates
patience.
Dil öğrenmeyle ilgili olmak sabır gerektirir.
---- the unknown parts of the world paved the way
for new trade routes.
---- school uniforms in Turkey was mandatory.
---- too much fast-food influences one’s health
badly.
The US’s ----reluctant to sign the protocol led to
reactions in some countries.
---- fossil fuel causes environmental problems.
BURNING-CONSUMING-DISCOVERING
WEARING-BEING-ALTERING

6. OBJECT OF MAIN VERB
I can’t help laughing at him.
Ona gülmekten kendimi alamıyorum.
I’m considering going abroad.
Yurtdışına gitmeyi düşünüyorum.
He had to give up smoking.
Sigarayı bırakmak zorunda kaldı.
She detests writing letters.
Mektup yazmaktan nefret ediyor.
Try to visualize sailing through the sky on a cloud.
Gökyüzünde bir bulutun üstünde yelken açtığını hayal et.
I propose starting the project today.
Projeyi bugün başlatmayı öneriyorum.
The use of logaritms involves converting numbers into
other numbers.
Logaritma kullanımı, sayıları başka sayılara dönüştürmeyi
içerir.
acknowledge
admit
advise
advocate
anticipate
appreciate
avoid
bar
begrudge
can’t help
contemplate
consider
countenance
defer
deny
detest
discontinue
enjoy
escape
evade
excuse
finish
give up
keep
mind
miss
necessiate
pardon
postpone
practice
prevent
prohibit
propose
quit
relish
resent
resist
risk
sanction
suggest
tolerate
visualise
include
involve
justify
imagine

7. OBJECT OF PREPOSITION
Verb + Preposition + (not)Ving
Jack puts off taking a vacation.
Jack tatile çıkmayı erteliyor.
Succeding in winning the game requires a lot of hard
work.
Oyunu kazanmayı başarmak sıkı çalışma gerektirir.
Doctors recommend abstaining from eating fatty
foods.
Doktorlar, yağlı yiyecekler yemekten uzak durmayı
öneriyor.
The conference will be about improving the
resources.
Konferans, kaynakları iyileştirmekle ilgili olacak.
She suffers from not having vitamin C.
Vitamin C eksikliği var.

8. OBJECT OF PREPOSITION
Verb + Preposition + (not)Ving
Fill in the blanks with suitable verb form,
preposition and verb

9. OBJECT OF PREPOSITION
Verb + Object + Preposition + (not)Ving
They charge him with embezzling.
Onu, zimmetine para geçirmekler suçluyorlar.
He stopped them from leaving.
Onların, gitmesine engel oldu.
John accused Sue of being selfish.
John, Sue’yu bencil olmakla suçladı.
I congratulated him on his being successful.
Onun başarılı olmasını kutladım.
I spend a lot of time on writing.
Yazmaya çok zaman harcarım.

10. OBJECT OF PREPOSITION
Verb + Object + Preposition + (not)Ving
He accused me of……………….(steal) his money
I cannot forgive Fatih for ……………. (lie)to me.
Doctors suspect a gene deterioriation of …………. (cause)the cancer.
Warn the children about …………………(go)too near the lake.
His attitudes stopped me ………………… making friends with him.
 Can you blame me ………………..doing this?
 She devoted herself …………………. raising her kids.
 They arrested him…………………..helping the criminals.
Fill in the blanks with suitable verb form and
preposition.

11. OBJECT OF PREPOSITION
Adjective + Preposition + (not)Ving
I’m tired of working so hard.
Bu kadar çalışmaktan usandım.
She is addicted to watching TV series.
Dizi izlemeye bağımlı.
He was happy about winning the lottery.
Piyangoyu kazanmaktan mutluydu.
Tina is scared of being alone at night.
Tina, gece yalnız olmaktan korkuyor.
He was proud of completing the marathon.
Maratonu tamamlamaktan gurur duyuyordu.

12. OBJECT OF PREPOSITION
Noun+ Preposition + (not)Ving
His addiction to surfing the Internet is a problem.
İnternette gezinme bağımlılığı bir problem.
He has the advantage of speaking English fluently.
İngilizce’yi akıcı konuşma avantajına sahip.
Her anxiety about speaking in public caused her to lose the job.
Herkesin önünde konuşma gerginliği işini kaybetmesine sebep oldu.
His belief in not harming animals was something he learned from his mother.
Hayvanlara zarar vermeme anlayışı, annesinden öğrendiği bir şeydi.
She took credit for improving the filing system.
Dosyalama sistemini iyileştirdiği için övgü aldı

13. IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS
It’s no use crying over spilt milk.
Olmuşla ölmüşe çare yok.
It’s worth visiting this historical place.
Bu tarihi yeri gezmeye değer.
There is no point in hurrying; the exam has
already started.
Acele etmenin bir anlamı yok; sınav zaten başladı.
I don’t feel like going out tonight.
Bu gece dışarı çıkasım yok.
I am accustomed to people’s not listening to
each other.
İnsanların birbirini dinlememesine alışığım.

15. BEING + V3
Being served quickly is important for customers in a restaurant.
Servislerin hızlı yapılması, müşteriler için önemlidir.
Jamie hates being called Jimmy.
Jamie, Jimmyi diye çağrılmaktan nefret eder.
People’s being slaughtered by ISIS shows how a man can become worse than an animal.
İŞİD tarafından insanların katledilmesi, bir insanın nasıl bir hayvandan daha kötü
olabileceğini gösteriyor.
The actor is getting used to being flattered.
Aktör, pohpohlanmaya alışıyor.
I can’t stand being told what to do.
Ne yapacağımı söylenmesine dayanamıyorum.

16. CHOOSE THE CORRECT ONE
1. She is looking forward to ---- her mother in Istanbul.
a) visiting b) being visited
2. The money will be devoted to ---- the environment.
a) protecting b) being protected
3. There is no point in house’s ---- .
a) painting b) being painted
4. ---- regular exercise is good for health.
a) doing b) being done
5. The maid denied ---- the money.
a) stealing b) being stolen

17. CHOOSE THE CORRECT ONE
His mother was excited about going to Africa.
The secretary carried on typing the letter.
The construction workers worried about losing their jobs.
They tried to cope with working in bad weather.
The pupil is known for causing problems.
My wife apologized for being late.
The teacher always keeps complaining about his timetable.
I insisted on taking the dog for a walk myself.
The teenager is addicted to watching TV.
The au-pair succeeds in keeping the children busy for some time.
 He blamed me for damaging the CD player.

19. The man admitted stealing the money/having stolen the money.
My father has resented not being consulted/not having been consulted.
HAVING + V3 HAVING BEEN + V3

21. ACTIVE PASSIVE
PRESENT TO WRITE TO BE WRITTEN
PROGRESSIVE TO BE WRITING -----------
PERFECT TO HAVE WRITTEN TO HAVE BEEN WRITTEN

22. SUBJECT
To speak five languages well is an advantage.
To be around her all day becomes boring.
To explore the Web is fun.
To travel to New York takes 4 hours.
For us to travel is fun.
For Edward to commute to New York takes 3hours.
To know you is to love you.
To try and fail is better than to have never tried at all.
To understand one woman is not necessarily to understand any other woman.

23. OBJECT of BE-MAIN VERB-ADJECTIVE
I can afford to buy it.
You appear to be lost.
I prefer to pay less.
Your duty is to check around.
It is nice to see you again
The first/the next/ the last
The only
The superlatives
The first man to land on Mars is Neil Armstrong.
The only place to go is home.
The best book to read is …
The most beautiful city to travel is …..

24. STRUCTURES FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVES
TOO/ENOUGH
ADJECTIVES
NOUNS
PASSIVES
He is too old to work so much.
She is beautiful enough to win the beauty contest.
It is necessary to make some changes.
His desire to learn English is very strong.
 He is claimed to have fled from Syria last year.

25. VERBS THAT NEED SPECIAL ATTENTION
FORGET
REMEMBER
REGRET
STOP
MEAN
TRY
GO ON
MAKE
HAVE
LET
HELP
SEE
WATCH
FEEL
HEAR
NOTICE
SMELL
LISTEN

26. She was made ---- from dawn to dusk.
a)work b)working c) to work d) worked
Ayla! Do you happen ---- Aynur’s phone number?
a)knowing b) to know c) that you know d) if you know
Why don’t you let him ---- ?
a) go b) to go c) going d) goes
The criminals are said ---- in the forest.
a)hide b) hiding c) to be hiding d)hidden
I am not accustomed to ---- early.
a) get up b) my getting up c) getting up d)have gotten up

27. Jane Tate will go far in the film world since she has a remarkable talent for ____ even the most conflicting
emotions.
depicting
having depicted
being depicted
depict
having been depicted
Today coffee prices are far below the required rate; hence, growers are unable to pay their debts and
cooperatives find it hard ____ .
surviving
survive
to survive
survived
to have survived
The witness finally admitted that he did remember ____ someone standing by the entrance.
being seen
to see
to have seen
having been seen
having seen
This poem is generally supposed ____ in the fifteenth century, but some people date it even earlier.
being composed
to be composed
having been composed
to have composed
to have been composed

28. VERB + PREPOSITION LISTS
ABOUT
agree We agreed about ending the matter. (on)
argue We argued about spending money.
care We care about recycling things.
complain He complains about getting old.
forget She forgets about calling us.
talk He talks about getting married.
think We are thinking about joining them.
worry She worried about getting lost.
dream He dreams about playing ball.

29. VERB + PREPOSITION LISTS
AGAINST
decide We decided against buying a car.
warn They warn against giving out information.
delight She was delighted at seeing him again.
excel He excels at playing chess.
laugh We laughed at walking a cat on a leash.
balk He balked at making a speech. (stop short of)
rejoice They rejoiced at hearing the news.
look I will look after buying the tickets.
VERB + PREPOSITION LISTS
AT
VERB + PREPOSITION LISTS
AFTER

30. accustomed to He is accustomed to having his
own office.
addicted to She is addicted to watching TV.
afraid of She is afraid of speaking in
public.
anxious about Norma is anxious about making
the presentation.
bored of I am bored of doing the same
old job.
capable of He is capable of winning a gold
medal.
committed to She is committed to improving
her English.
concerned about Nancy was concerned about
being late.
content with Tim is content with winning
second place.
dedicated to The organization is dedicated to
ending poverty.
devoted to The money will be devoted to
protecting the environment.
disappointed with Fiona was disappointed with
coming in third place.
discouraged by He was discouraged by not
getting the job.
excited about The researcher was excited
about going to Africa.
famous for That actor is famous for being
extremely weird.
fond of She is fond of having picnics.
frightened of She is frightened of being alone
at night.
guilty of The banker was guilty of
stealing money.
happy about He was happy about winning
the lottery.
interested in She is interested in becoming a
doctor.
involved in He was involved in making the
movie.
known for She was known for causing
problems.
opposed to They are opposed to building a
new road in the park.
proud of He was proud of having
completed the marathon.
remembered for She is remembered for
protecting mountain gorillas.
responsible for He is responsible for causing
the damage.
scared of Tina is scared of being alone at
night.
terrified of The surfer is terrified of being
attacked by a shark.
tired from She is tired from working all
day.
tired of Margaret is tired of making
dinner every night.
worried about The hikers were worried about
not having enough water.
ADJECTIVE + PREPOSITION LIST

31. dedication to His dedication to teaching was
impressive.
delay in The delay in processing the visa
caused problems.
devotion to His devotion to biking allowed him
to win the competition.
disadvantage of The disadvantage of flying is that
you can't see the scenery along the
way.
experience in She has a great deal of experience in
introducing new products to
international markets.
WITH THE NOUN "EXPERIENCE,"
SOMETIMES A GERUND IS ADDED WITHOUT
THE PREPOSITION "IN." "EXPERIENCE
INTRODUCING NEW PRODUCTS" WOULD
ALSO BE ACCEPTABLE.
fear of His fear of flying made travel
difficult.
fondness for Her fondness for traveling led to her
career in the travel industry.
habit of His habit of smoking in restaurants
caused many problems in California.
interest in Her career as a pilot evolved out of
her interest in flying.
knowledge of Her knowledge of climbing helped
her during the competition.
love of His love of singing developed when
he was a child.
memory of Their memories of traveling in
Africa will stay with them forever.
preference for I think his preference for speaking
his native language is natural.
process of The process of painting such a large
mural is more complicated than you
might think.
reaction to His reaction to winning the prize
was quite funny.
reason for The main reason for taking the
course is to improve your language
skills.
regret for The criminal's regret for committing
the crime did not convince the
judge.
report on The magazine's report on choosing
the right car was not well
researched.
reputation for Her reputation for lying is well
known.
responsibility for His responsibility for completing
the project on time was
acknowledged by the company.
story about I don't know if I believe his story
about seeing a UFO.
talent for His talent for learning languages
was impressive.