Germany and German literature
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This was used for LIT 102 *Literatures of the World). Includes some interesting facts about Germany (as an intro) instead of the history.
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Germany and German literature
- 3. FAST FACTS • Official Name: Federal Republic of Germany Bundesrepublik Deutschland • Demonym: German • Capital: Berlin (also the largest city) • Language: German • Currency: Euro • Religion: Christianity (66.8% of the total population • „Land of Poets and Thinkers“ (Land der dichter und denker)
- 4. Germany is famous for: Beer (and for starting the Oktoberfest!)
- 8. If you’re in Germany, try to visit: The Rügen Cliffs
- 9. Cologne Cathedral (Kölner Dom) If you’re in Germany, try to visit:
- 10. Neuschwanstei n If you’re in Germany, try to visit:
- 11. Yes, he’s German.. Adolf Hitler
- 12. Ludwig Van Beethoven Yes, he’s German..
- 14. Diane Kruger Yes, she’s German..
- 15. Heidi Klum Yes, she’s German..
- 17. Theodor Mommsen Yes, he’s a German..
- 18. Brothers Grimm (Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm) Yes, he’s a German..
- 19. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Yes, he’s a German..
- 20. More on Johann Wolfgang von Goethe • Described as a true Renaissance man • Germany’s greatest poet • Studied law but was more interested in poetry, arts and concerts • Sturm und Drang (Storm and Stress), a literary movement • Christine Vulpu (wife) Famous Works: • The Sorrows of Young Werther (autobiographical novel) • Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship (2nd novel) • Faust (a drama)
- 21. FAUST Backgrounder: - Based on a classic German legend; a man who is dissatisfied with his life which led him to make a pact with the devil - Plays and comic puppet theatre loosely based on this legend were popular throughout Germany in the 16th century, often reducing Faust and Mephistophelescto figures of vulgar fun. - The story was popularised in England by Christopher Marlowe, who gave it a classic treatment in his play, The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus (1604).
- 22. Basis: - Johann Fust, Johann Gutenberg’s business partner - Dr. Johann Georg Faust (c.1480–1540), a magician and alchemist probably from Knittlingen, Württemberg, who obtained a degree in divinity from Heidelberg University in 1509
- 23. FAUST Characters: Faust - a doctor on a quest for the true meaning of life; a scholar who is highly successful yet dissatisfied with his life, which leads him to make a pact with the Devil, exchanging his soul for unlimited knowledge and worldly pleasures Mephistopheles -represents the devil Gretchen - an innocent young woman, “love interest” of Faust Helen of Troy – personification of beauty God Eternal Womanhood/Feminine The Three Archangels (Raphael, Gabriel, Michael)
Editor's Notes
- Germany lies in the center of Europe.The bordering countries are Denmark, Poland, Czech Republic, Austria, Switzerland, France , Luxemburg, Belgium and the Netherlands (clockwise from the top/North), making the count to a whooping 9 countries. The Baltic Sea and the North sea form the borders along with the Alps mountains and Lake Constance.
- It is divided into 16 states, and it is the most populated European country after Russia and 16th most populated country in the world. Germany is referred to as the land of poets and thinkers or ‘Land der dichter und denker’. Some of the very famous German scientists are Albert Einstein, Robert Koch and Gottlieb Daimler. Germany has its fair share of poets like the Grimm brothers, thomas Mann and Wolfgang con Goethe. By the way, the first book that was ever printed and published was in German. And it’s the Bible. Johann Gutenberg was the one who published it.
- Beer is considered as a food in Bavaria officially .After the Irish, the Germans are those consume the most beer, making Germany the second largest consumer of Beer.In a pub, you would raise your thumb and not your index finger to ask for a glass of beer.Munich has over 60 beer gardens. The Oktoberfest in Munich is the largest Volksfest (people’s festival) in the world with over 6 million visitors annually. Despite the name, the Oktoberfest starts at the end of September until the first weekend in October. An important part of Bavarian culture, the festival has been held since 1810.
- The Jeans was invented by Levi Strauss.
- Hans Riegal invented the famous Gummy bears/Haribo.
- The Christmas tree tradition started off in Germany.
- The Rügen Cliffs are located in the Jasmund National Park in the northeast of Rügen island. Facing constant erosion the chalk cliffs tower high above the Baltic Sea. The 118 meter (387 feet) high Königsstuhl (king’s chair) is the most majestic part of the cliffs. The undisturbed forests behind the cliffs are also part of the national park.
- Easily the greatest Gothic cathedral in Germany, Cologne Cathedral (Kölner Dom) has been Cologne’s most famous landmark for centuries. Construction of the Cologne Cathedral began in 1248 and took, with interruptions, more than 600 years to complete. It is dedicated to the saints Peter and Mary and is the seat of the Catholic Archbishop of Cologne.
- The ultimate fairytale castle, Neuschwanstein is situated on a rugged hill near Füssen in southwest Bavaria. It was the inspiration for the Sleeping Beauty castles in the Disneyland parks. The castle was commissioned by King Ludwig II of Bavaria who was declared insane when the castle was almost completed in 1886 and found dead a few days later. Neuschwanstein is the most photographed building in the country and one of the most popular tourist attractions in Germany.
- Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the leader of the Nazi Party As effective dictator of Nazi Germany, Hitler was at the centre of World War II in Europe and the Holocaust.
- was a German composer and pianist. Beethoven displayed his musical talents at an early age and was taught by his father Johann van Beethoven and by Christian Gottlob Neefe. During his first 22 years in Bonn, Beethoven intended to study with Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and befriended Joseph Haydn. Beethoven moved to Vienna in 1792 and began studying with Haydn, quickly gaining a reputation as a virtuoso pianist. He lived in Vienna until his death. In about 1800, his hearing began to deteriorate, and by the last decade of his life, he was almost totally deaf. He gave up conducting and performing in public but continued to compose; many of his most admired works come from this period.
- He developed the general theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum mechanics).[2][4]:274 Einstein's work is also known for its influence on the philosophy of science.[5][6] Einstein is best known in popular culture for his mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc2 (which has been dubbed "the world's most famous equation").[7] He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his "services to theoretical physics", in particular his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect, a pivotal step in the evolution of quantum theory.[8]
- is a German actress and former fashion model. She is known for roles such as Helen in the epic war film Troy (2004), Dr. Abigail Chase in the adventure/heist film National Treasure (2004) and its sequel (2007),
- is a German model, television host, businesswoman, fashion designer, television producer, and occasional actress. In 2008, she became an American citizen while maintaining her native German citizenship.[4][5][6][7] Klum became internationally known for her appearances on the cover of the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue. In 1999, she became the first German model to become a Victoria's Secret Angel. Following a successful modeling career, Klum became the host and a judge of Germany's Next Topmodel and the reality show Project Runway which earned her an Emmy nomination in 2008 and a win in 2013 for Outstanding Host for a Reality or Reality-Competition Program (shared with co-host Tim Gunn).
- Annelies Marie "Anne" Frank was a diarist and writer. She is one of the most discussed Jewish victims of the Holocaust. Her wartime diary The Diary of a Young Girl has been the basis for several plays and films. Born in the city of Frankfurt in Weimar Germany, she lived most of her life in or near Amsterdam, in the Netherlands. Born a German national, Frank lost her citizenship in 1941 having moved to the Netherlands at the age of 4. She gained international fame posthumously after her diary was published. It documents her experiences hiding during the German occupation of the Netherlands in World War II.
- was a German classical scholar, historian, jurist, journalist, politician, archaeologist[1] and writer generally regarded as one of the greatest classicists of the 19th century. His work regarding Roman history is still of fundamental importance for contemporary research. He received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1902 for being "the greatest living master of the art of historical writing, with special reference to his monumental work, A History of Rome."[2] He was also a prominent German politician, as a member of the Prussian and German parliaments. His works on Roman law and on the law of obligations had a significant impact on the German civil code (BGB).
- Jacob (1785–1863) and Wilhelm Grimm (1786–1859), were German academics, linguists, cultural researchers, lexicographers and authors who together specialized in collecting and publishing folklore during the 19th century. They were among the best-known storytellers of folk tales, and popularized stories such as "Cinderella" ("Aschenputtel"), "The Frog Prince" ("Der Froschkönig"), "The Goose-Girl" ("Die Gänsemagd"), "Hansel and Gretel" ("Hänsel und Gretel"), "Rapunzel", "Rumpelstiltskin" ("Rumpelstilzchen"),"Sleeping Beauty" ("Dornröschen"), and "Snow White" ("Schneewittchen"). Their first collection of folk tales, Children's and Household Tales (Kinder- und Hausmärchen), was published in 1812.
- was a German writer and statesman. A literary celebrity by the age of 25, Goethe was ennobled by the Duke of Saxe-Weimar, Karl August in 1782 after first taking up residence there in November 1775 following the success of his first novel, The Sorrows of Young Werther. He was an early participant in the Sturm und Drang literary movement. During his first ten years in Weimar, Goethe served as a member of the Duke's privy council, sat on the war and highway commissions, oversaw the reopening of silver mines in nearby Ilmenau, and implemented a series of administrative reforms at the University of Jena. He also contributed to the planning of Weimar's botanical park and the rebuilding of its Ducal Palace, which in 1998 were together designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.[
- Arthur Schopenhauer cited Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship as one of the four greatest novels ever written, along with Tristram Shandy, La Nouvelle Heloïse, and Don Quixote,[3] and Ralph Waldo Emerson selected Goethe as one of six "representative men" in his work of the same name, along with Plato, Napoleon, and William Shakespeare. Goethe's comments and observations form the basis of several biographical works, most notably Johann Peter Eckermann's Conversations with Goethe. There are frequent references to Goethe's writings throughout the works of G. W. F. Hegel, Arthur Schopenhauer, Friedrich Nietzsche, Hermann Hesse, Thomas Mann, Sigmund Freud, and Carl Jung. Goethe's poems were set to music throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries by a number of composers, including Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven, Franz Schubert, Robert Schumann, Johannes Brahms, Charles Gounod, Richard Wagner, Hugo Wolf, Felix Mendelssohn, Hector Berlioz and Gustav Mahler. Representative Men is a collection of seven lectures by Ralph Waldo Emerson, published as a book of essays in 1850. The first essay discusses the role played by "great men" in society, and the remaining six each extoll the virtues of one of six men deemed by Emerson to be great: Plato ("the Philosopher") Emanuel Swedenborg ("the Mystic") Michel de Montaigne ("the Skeptic") William Shakespeare ("the Poet") Napoleon ("the Man of the World") Johann Wolfgang von Goethe ("the Writer")