George hoetricks, evapco
•Download as PPT, PDF•
2 likes•927 views
1) Cooling towers require careful design consideration of factors like approach, range, avoidance of recirculation, use of variable frequency drives for fan motors, cooling tower basin design, and obtaining high quality components. 2) Key components like the fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) structure, fans, fan stacks, air inlet louvers, drift eliminators, and fill must meet specifications and standards to ensure proper performance and longevity of the cooling tower. 3) Cooling tower suppliers should provide documentation and certification to verify their components meet quality standards to deliver the required performance over the tower's lifetime.
Report
Share
Report
Share
![Cooling Towers for District Cooling Design considerations ,[object Object],[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
Recommended
HVAC
The document summarizes the key objectives and methods of designing air conditioning duct systems. It discusses important requirements of ducts, general design rules, classification based on pressure and velocity, and commonly used design methods like the velocity method and equal friction method. The velocity method involves selecting velocities and calculating diameters and pressure drops. The equal friction method equalizes pressure drop per unit length across ducts. Both aim to optimize design to minimize costs while meeting airflow requirements.
Summary of changes in burner specifications
The document compares changes made between editions of API 560 standards regarding specifications for fired heaters and burners. Some key changes include: the 4th and 5th editions specify that burner design ensure complete combustion and limit flame length; minimum burner clearances have been updated and specifications added for ultra low NOx burners; and material requirements have been specified for components operating in high H2S environments. Furnace Improvements Services is an engineering company that provides design and consulting services for fired heaters and boilers, including CFD modeling, revamps, and new installations.
Air Preheat System Upgrade on Coker Heaters
Furnace Improvements design, engineered and revamped the existing air preheat system for a refinery in Houston. This paper was presented at an AIChE conference in October 2019.
Topic 2 Air flow design note
This document discusses air flow design in ventilation and air conditioning systems. It covers topics such as fan types, air measurement devices, duct systems, and duct materials. The objectives are to describe fans and blowers, explain air pressure and flow measurements, identify duct systems, and explain how conditioned air is distributed. Key points include descriptions of centrifugal and propeller fans, duct system types like plenum and loop systems, and common duct materials like galvanized steel and fiberglass. Balancing dampers are also introduced to control air flow in different parts of the system.
Improving Performance of Coker Heaters
.Coker heaters are one of the most critical heaters in the refineries. The feed is heated to a very high temperature. Run length is one of the important factors for coker heaters. We have worked recently worked on a conventional Coker heater and implemented several improvements while retubing the radiant section.
Furnace Improvements patented - Split Flow technology
An innovative technology to increase the heater capacity without increasing the coil side pressure drop in fired heaters.
Furnace Improvements has implemented this technology in many fired heaters around the world. This technology is useful specially for Reformer heaters as coil pressure drop is limited for those heaters, typically 2-5 psi.
Uniform heat transfer in fired heaters
Fired heaters are used for heating hydrocarbons fluids in the refineries and petrochemical plants. They are used for high temperature heat transfer. In most fired heaters, we are burning fuel gas as source of heat . There are many heaters in the world where liquid fuel is also burnt in the fired heaters to provide the energy, but their number is decreasing due to tighter pollution laws. Heaters that are processing hydrocarbons services are prone to coking and cracking depending upon the nature of the hydrocarbons being processed. Typically heaters may run length of anywhere from 3 months for coking service to 6 years for different services. Heater designers and operators are always faced with the challenge of providing uniform heat transfer to all the tubes. Engineers use equations that assume uniform heat transfer to heater tubes When designing fired heaters. However, in reality, most fired heaters do not experience uniform heat transfer, and as a result, hot spots develop on the tubes. These hot spots cause coking inside the tubes which requires the heater be shutdown periodically to remove the coke and clean the tubes. Any shutdown to clean the tubes in a fired heater causes a substantial production loss. The owners want to extend the run length of fired heaters. Furnace Improvements has developed a new patented firing technology that provides uniform heat transfer to heater tubes. This technology can be applied to most fired heaters. Our patented technology reorients the burners at a slight angle away from the tubes. We are able to direct the hottest part of the flames and flue gases away from the tubes without affecting the heat transfer in any way. FIS has installed this in 5 heaters ranging from 14 MMBtu/hr. to 280 MMBtu/hr. The clients are experiencing significant reduction in tube metal temperatures. This is translating into lower coking rates and higher tube life. We have been able to increase the capacity of the heaters in most of the cases. In one of the case study that has been presented in this heater, the heater duty was increased from 14 MMBtu/hr. to 21 MMBtu/hr. Inclined firing improves the heat transfer to the tubes and makes in uniform.
Better Fired Heaters Specifications Pay Off- AFRC Meeting-2018 Salt Lake City
Better Fired Heaters Specifications Pay Off Presentations by Ashutosh Garg – Furnace Improvements
Sugar Land, TX
Recommended
HVAC
The document summarizes the key objectives and methods of designing air conditioning duct systems. It discusses important requirements of ducts, general design rules, classification based on pressure and velocity, and commonly used design methods like the velocity method and equal friction method. The velocity method involves selecting velocities and calculating diameters and pressure drops. The equal friction method equalizes pressure drop per unit length across ducts. Both aim to optimize design to minimize costs while meeting airflow requirements.
Summary of changes in burner specifications
The document compares changes made between editions of API 560 standards regarding specifications for fired heaters and burners. Some key changes include: the 4th and 5th editions specify that burner design ensure complete combustion and limit flame length; minimum burner clearances have been updated and specifications added for ultra low NOx burners; and material requirements have been specified for components operating in high H2S environments. Furnace Improvements Services is an engineering company that provides design and consulting services for fired heaters and boilers, including CFD modeling, revamps, and new installations.
Air Preheat System Upgrade on Coker Heaters
Furnace Improvements design, engineered and revamped the existing air preheat system for a refinery in Houston. This paper was presented at an AIChE conference in October 2019.
Topic 2 Air flow design note
This document discusses air flow design in ventilation and air conditioning systems. It covers topics such as fan types, air measurement devices, duct systems, and duct materials. The objectives are to describe fans and blowers, explain air pressure and flow measurements, identify duct systems, and explain how conditioned air is distributed. Key points include descriptions of centrifugal and propeller fans, duct system types like plenum and loop systems, and common duct materials like galvanized steel and fiberglass. Balancing dampers are also introduced to control air flow in different parts of the system.
Improving Performance of Coker Heaters
.Coker heaters are one of the most critical heaters in the refineries. The feed is heated to a very high temperature. Run length is one of the important factors for coker heaters. We have worked recently worked on a conventional Coker heater and implemented several improvements while retubing the radiant section.
Furnace Improvements patented - Split Flow technology
An innovative technology to increase the heater capacity without increasing the coil side pressure drop in fired heaters.
Furnace Improvements has implemented this technology in many fired heaters around the world. This technology is useful specially for Reformer heaters as coil pressure drop is limited for those heaters, typically 2-5 psi.
Uniform heat transfer in fired heaters
Fired heaters are used for heating hydrocarbons fluids in the refineries and petrochemical plants. They are used for high temperature heat transfer. In most fired heaters, we are burning fuel gas as source of heat . There are many heaters in the world where liquid fuel is also burnt in the fired heaters to provide the energy, but their number is decreasing due to tighter pollution laws. Heaters that are processing hydrocarbons services are prone to coking and cracking depending upon the nature of the hydrocarbons being processed. Typically heaters may run length of anywhere from 3 months for coking service to 6 years for different services. Heater designers and operators are always faced with the challenge of providing uniform heat transfer to all the tubes. Engineers use equations that assume uniform heat transfer to heater tubes When designing fired heaters. However, in reality, most fired heaters do not experience uniform heat transfer, and as a result, hot spots develop on the tubes. These hot spots cause coking inside the tubes which requires the heater be shutdown periodically to remove the coke and clean the tubes. Any shutdown to clean the tubes in a fired heater causes a substantial production loss. The owners want to extend the run length of fired heaters. Furnace Improvements has developed a new patented firing technology that provides uniform heat transfer to heater tubes. This technology can be applied to most fired heaters. Our patented technology reorients the burners at a slight angle away from the tubes. We are able to direct the hottest part of the flames and flue gases away from the tubes without affecting the heat transfer in any way. FIS has installed this in 5 heaters ranging from 14 MMBtu/hr. to 280 MMBtu/hr. The clients are experiencing significant reduction in tube metal temperatures. This is translating into lower coking rates and higher tube life. We have been able to increase the capacity of the heaters in most of the cases. In one of the case study that has been presented in this heater, the heater duty was increased from 14 MMBtu/hr. to 21 MMBtu/hr. Inclined firing improves the heat transfer to the tubes and makes in uniform.
Better Fired Heaters Specifications Pay Off- AFRC Meeting-2018 Salt Lake City
Better Fired Heaters Specifications Pay Off Presentations by Ashutosh Garg – Furnace Improvements
Sugar Land, TX
S3 Lec 7 (air flow rate)
The document describes various components of an HVAC air distribution system, including supply ducts, return ducts, air filters, and room air distribution components. Supply duct systems can be plenum, extended plenum, reducing plenum, or perimeter loop systems. Common filter types are dry filters, viscous filters, and electrostatic filters. Balancing dampers are used to balance air flow. Air is distributed into rooms through grilles, registers, or diffusers located on walls or ceilings.
Duct design
The document discusses duct design and duct insulation standards. It covers factors that influence duct design like equipment losses, air velocity, duct material and size. It also discusses calculating air system pressure losses and selecting duct material. Round ducts versus rectangular ducts of equal friction rate are compared. Methods for determining friction rates and velocity scales in ductwork are presented. Standards for duct insulation and the installation of underground ducts from SMACNA are reviewed.
Ductwork
This document provides guidelines for proper duct installation and sealing. It discusses different types of duct materials like sheet metal, flex duct, and duct board. Key points of duct design include getting ducts inside the building envelope, using sheet metal elbows for tight turns, proper take-off spacing, and sizing return grilles and ducts adequately. Duct sealing is critical using products like mastic, UL181-rated foil tape, or butt tape applied correctly. Pressure balancing between zones can be achieved using transfer grilles or jumper ducts. Following these guidelines helps ensure efficient duct performance and reduced energy costs.
Chimney design
In these slides, I include design requirements for the chimney and its procedure.
I wish it would be helpful for your knowledge.
Good heater specifications pay off
This document provides guidance on how to write effective specifications for fired heaters to enable vendor engineers to design heaters better suited for process operations. It outlines many key parameters and considerations that should be specified, such as fluid properties, heat duties, fuel properties, contaminants, temperatures, materials, instrumentation, and more. Specifying these details carefully can help avoid inefficient energy use and downtime by ensuring the heater design is optimized for the specific application and operating conditions.
AIChE Smart Stack Damper Design Provides Better Control of Fired Heaters
Stack dampers are one of the insignificant yet important component of fired heaters in the refining industry. Over 90% of the heaters in the USA are natural draft and are dependent upon the draft for efficient combustion of fuel gas with air. Stack dampers currently installed are highly oversized and are not able to control draft effectively. Furnace Improvements patent pending design overcomes these limitations and improves the damper control significantly by installing multiple actuators and changing the control characteristics of the dampers.
FIS Case Studies- Executed Projects Only
The document describes a case study of a heater revamp project completed by Furnace Improvements Services (FIS) to increase the capacity of platformer and hydrotreater (NHT) heaters. FIS used their patented "Split Flow Technology" to redesign the heaters and increase capacity to 18,000 BPD at a lower cost than conventional methods. The revamp improved the thermal efficiency from 80% to 89% and increased the total heat duty from 119.7 MMBtu/hr to 150.4 MMBtu/hr.
Design and demonstration of heat pipe based waste heat recovery system
This document describes the design and demonstration of a heat pipe-based waste heat recovery system. Key points:
- Heat pipes allow for highly efficient heat transfer over long distances with minimal temperature loss through the evaporation and condensation of a working fluid inside a sealed pipe.
- The authors designed and built a heat recovery system using 10 copper heat pipes fitted with aluminum fins to transfer heat from a hot air source to a cooler air sink.
- Testing showed the heat pipes could transfer heat with a temperature difference of only 2-3°C over a length of 150mm, much better than a comparable copper pipe.
- The heat recovery system achieved efficiencies up to 62% at recovering heat from a
Ventilation rate
The document discusses ventilation system design, including purposes of ventilation, ventilation rates, natural ventilation systems, fan selection, and calculations. It provides tables of recommended ventilation rates from standards and guidelines. Natural ventilation utilizes stack effect and wind to move air without mechanical fans. Fan selection depends on needed airflow and pressure, with centrifugal fans suitable for high pressure. Calculations are provided for sizing ventilation openings and fans using flow rates and building dimensions.
Furnace Improvements Sales Presentation
Furnace Improvements provides low-cost solutions for improving fired heaters and boilers. They have over 15 years of experience and 40 professionals with over 300 years combined experience. Their services include revamping, capacity increase, efficiency improvement, NOx reduction, and heater design. They have successfully completed over 200 projects for clients in refineries and petrochemical plants. Their patented technologies include split flow technology and inclined firing systems to improve heater performance.
Burner Design, Operation and Maintenance on Ammonia Plants
The document discusses burner design, operation, and maintenance on ammonia plants. It covers reformer burner types and designs, including premix and staged burners. It also addresses combustion characteristics like excess air and fuel viscosity effects. Maintenance best practices like checking burner pressures and atomizing steam temperatures are emphasized. Low NOx equipment uses techniques like staged air, fuel, and flue gas recirculation to reduce emissions. Good combustion requires attention to design, operation, maintenance, and partnership among related roles.
Heater operation
Heaters are used in refineries to raise the temperature of process fluids. There are different types of heaters classified by design and firing method. Key components include tubes, burners, and sections for convection and radiation. Proper draft, excess air, and complete combustion are important for safe and efficient operation. Regular checks help ensure heaters are functioning properly and identify any issues.
Improve shale oil crude heater performance summary slideshare
The document discusses improvements made to a crude heater to address issues that arose after the client started processing shale crude. CFD modeling showed problems with the existing burner configuration, including long flames and uneven heat distribution. A proposed option with 18 low-NOx burners more evenly distributed was modeled and showed shorter, narrower flames and more uniform heating. The redesigned heater was installed in 2014 and significantly increased the run length before maintenance from 3 months to an estimated 1.5 years.
Improve fired heaters performance and reliabilty
This document discusses improving the performance and reliability of fired heaters through inclined firing systems. It begins by describing common issues in fired heater operation like high tube metal temperatures caused by localized flame impingement. The technology presented reorients burners at a slight angle to move the hottest flame and flue gases away from tubes. Case studies on a coker heater and crude heater demonstrate benefits through computational fluid dynamics modeling, like significant reduction in tube temperatures and increased tube life. Inclined firing is shown to eliminate flame impingement and improve flow patterns within heaters.
United Metal Products Powerpoint
This document outlines the components, options, and testing available for custom air handling units. It describes the standard and optional materials for the base frame, casing, coils, fans, filters, dampers, and other components. The document also mentions the ability to provide evaporative cooling, energy recovery, humidification, and other specialized features in customized air handling system designs.
Duct Design
This document provides information on designing high velocity ductwork systems using round ducts. It discusses the fundamentals of static regain duct design, key advantages over rectangular ducts which include lower installation costs and heat gain. Real world examples show savings of 37% on average using round ducts. Proper design techniques are outlined as well as common misconceptions.
Cmrcldsn
The document provides guidance on designing commercial geothermal systems, including developing a design team, examining the site for loop options, determining building loads, selecting equipment, and sizing loops. It discusses vertical, horizontal, pond, and open/closed loop options, and recommends software to size loops based on building needs and local climate conditions.
Cem 350 hvac distribution systems sizing 10 2016
This document discusses HVAC distribution systems including diffuser selection and layout, ductwork sizing, and the equal friction method. It provides details on:
1) Selecting diffusers based on air flow, throw, noise criteria, and appearance and laying them out in a regular pattern to avoid gaps or obstructions.
2) Sizing return registers to match supply air flow and avoid short circuiting.
3) Calculating duct sizing using the equal friction method which balances friction losses and assumes uniform static pressure loss through branches.
AIChE 2018 improving catalytic reformer heaters using split flow technology rev2
New patented split flow technology increases the capacity of catalytic reformer heaters at a fraction of the cost of traditional revamps. Furnace Improvements has installed this technology in four reformer heaters at US refineries. This technology has also been used in several other heaters and one of the main benefits is lower pressure drop at increased capacity thus saving your pump or compressors.
Introduction of Fired heaters
Fired heaters are used to provide heat through the combustion of fuel. They involve combustion fundamentals like the reaction of methane and oxygen. Fired heaters have a furnace design and use draft systems and air preheaters. They employ different types of burners like those used in hot oil heaters and regeneration gas heaters. The start-up process involves inspection, purging, lighting pilots and burners, and adjusting temperatures and flows. Operation requires monitoring air adjustment, temperatures, and addressing potential issues like deposits, failures, or flame-outs. Control strategies manage variables like temperatures, fuels, and flows.
Fundamentals-of-CKV.pdf
This document discusses exhaust hood design and makeup air strategies. It summarizes that short-circuit hood designs and air curtain makeup air strategies perform poorly and can compromise capture and containment. Four-way ceiling diffusers near hoods are also not recommended. The best strategies minimize the velocity of makeup air around the hood perimeter and limit any one makeup air pathway to 60% of the total exhaust rate. Laboratory tests show displacement ventilation and perforated supply plenums can maintain capture and containment better than other options.
Cpg 2010
This document summarizes an electric screw compressor product line from CPG. It describes the key features and benefits of the compressors, including their industrial design, filtration system, advanced controller, gear-driven transmission, cooling system, maintenance schedule, and service parts. The compressors are available in models from 280-355kW for various industries and are designed to deliver high performance compressed air efficiently over their lifetime.
More Related Content
What's hot
S3 Lec 7 (air flow rate)
The document describes various components of an HVAC air distribution system, including supply ducts, return ducts, air filters, and room air distribution components. Supply duct systems can be plenum, extended plenum, reducing plenum, or perimeter loop systems. Common filter types are dry filters, viscous filters, and electrostatic filters. Balancing dampers are used to balance air flow. Air is distributed into rooms through grilles, registers, or diffusers located on walls or ceilings.
Duct design
The document discusses duct design and duct insulation standards. It covers factors that influence duct design like equipment losses, air velocity, duct material and size. It also discusses calculating air system pressure losses and selecting duct material. Round ducts versus rectangular ducts of equal friction rate are compared. Methods for determining friction rates and velocity scales in ductwork are presented. Standards for duct insulation and the installation of underground ducts from SMACNA are reviewed.
Ductwork
This document provides guidelines for proper duct installation and sealing. It discusses different types of duct materials like sheet metal, flex duct, and duct board. Key points of duct design include getting ducts inside the building envelope, using sheet metal elbows for tight turns, proper take-off spacing, and sizing return grilles and ducts adequately. Duct sealing is critical using products like mastic, UL181-rated foil tape, or butt tape applied correctly. Pressure balancing between zones can be achieved using transfer grilles or jumper ducts. Following these guidelines helps ensure efficient duct performance and reduced energy costs.
Chimney design
In these slides, I include design requirements for the chimney and its procedure.
I wish it would be helpful for your knowledge.
Good heater specifications pay off
This document provides guidance on how to write effective specifications for fired heaters to enable vendor engineers to design heaters better suited for process operations. It outlines many key parameters and considerations that should be specified, such as fluid properties, heat duties, fuel properties, contaminants, temperatures, materials, instrumentation, and more. Specifying these details carefully can help avoid inefficient energy use and downtime by ensuring the heater design is optimized for the specific application and operating conditions.
AIChE Smart Stack Damper Design Provides Better Control of Fired Heaters
Stack dampers are one of the insignificant yet important component of fired heaters in the refining industry. Over 90% of the heaters in the USA are natural draft and are dependent upon the draft for efficient combustion of fuel gas with air. Stack dampers currently installed are highly oversized and are not able to control draft effectively. Furnace Improvements patent pending design overcomes these limitations and improves the damper control significantly by installing multiple actuators and changing the control characteristics of the dampers.
FIS Case Studies- Executed Projects Only
The document describes a case study of a heater revamp project completed by Furnace Improvements Services (FIS) to increase the capacity of platformer and hydrotreater (NHT) heaters. FIS used their patented "Split Flow Technology" to redesign the heaters and increase capacity to 18,000 BPD at a lower cost than conventional methods. The revamp improved the thermal efficiency from 80% to 89% and increased the total heat duty from 119.7 MMBtu/hr to 150.4 MMBtu/hr.
Design and demonstration of heat pipe based waste heat recovery system
This document describes the design and demonstration of a heat pipe-based waste heat recovery system. Key points:
- Heat pipes allow for highly efficient heat transfer over long distances with minimal temperature loss through the evaporation and condensation of a working fluid inside a sealed pipe.
- The authors designed and built a heat recovery system using 10 copper heat pipes fitted with aluminum fins to transfer heat from a hot air source to a cooler air sink.
- Testing showed the heat pipes could transfer heat with a temperature difference of only 2-3°C over a length of 150mm, much better than a comparable copper pipe.
- The heat recovery system achieved efficiencies up to 62% at recovering heat from a
Ventilation rate
The document discusses ventilation system design, including purposes of ventilation, ventilation rates, natural ventilation systems, fan selection, and calculations. It provides tables of recommended ventilation rates from standards and guidelines. Natural ventilation utilizes stack effect and wind to move air without mechanical fans. Fan selection depends on needed airflow and pressure, with centrifugal fans suitable for high pressure. Calculations are provided for sizing ventilation openings and fans using flow rates and building dimensions.
Furnace Improvements Sales Presentation
Furnace Improvements provides low-cost solutions for improving fired heaters and boilers. They have over 15 years of experience and 40 professionals with over 300 years combined experience. Their services include revamping, capacity increase, efficiency improvement, NOx reduction, and heater design. They have successfully completed over 200 projects for clients in refineries and petrochemical plants. Their patented technologies include split flow technology and inclined firing systems to improve heater performance.
Burner Design, Operation and Maintenance on Ammonia Plants
The document discusses burner design, operation, and maintenance on ammonia plants. It covers reformer burner types and designs, including premix and staged burners. It also addresses combustion characteristics like excess air and fuel viscosity effects. Maintenance best practices like checking burner pressures and atomizing steam temperatures are emphasized. Low NOx equipment uses techniques like staged air, fuel, and flue gas recirculation to reduce emissions. Good combustion requires attention to design, operation, maintenance, and partnership among related roles.
Heater operation
Heaters are used in refineries to raise the temperature of process fluids. There are different types of heaters classified by design and firing method. Key components include tubes, burners, and sections for convection and radiation. Proper draft, excess air, and complete combustion are important for safe and efficient operation. Regular checks help ensure heaters are functioning properly and identify any issues.
Improve shale oil crude heater performance summary slideshare
The document discusses improvements made to a crude heater to address issues that arose after the client started processing shale crude. CFD modeling showed problems with the existing burner configuration, including long flames and uneven heat distribution. A proposed option with 18 low-NOx burners more evenly distributed was modeled and showed shorter, narrower flames and more uniform heating. The redesigned heater was installed in 2014 and significantly increased the run length before maintenance from 3 months to an estimated 1.5 years.
Improve fired heaters performance and reliabilty
This document discusses improving the performance and reliability of fired heaters through inclined firing systems. It begins by describing common issues in fired heater operation like high tube metal temperatures caused by localized flame impingement. The technology presented reorients burners at a slight angle to move the hottest flame and flue gases away from tubes. Case studies on a coker heater and crude heater demonstrate benefits through computational fluid dynamics modeling, like significant reduction in tube temperatures and increased tube life. Inclined firing is shown to eliminate flame impingement and improve flow patterns within heaters.
United Metal Products Powerpoint
This document outlines the components, options, and testing available for custom air handling units. It describes the standard and optional materials for the base frame, casing, coils, fans, filters, dampers, and other components. The document also mentions the ability to provide evaporative cooling, energy recovery, humidification, and other specialized features in customized air handling system designs.
Duct Design
This document provides information on designing high velocity ductwork systems using round ducts. It discusses the fundamentals of static regain duct design, key advantages over rectangular ducts which include lower installation costs and heat gain. Real world examples show savings of 37% on average using round ducts. Proper design techniques are outlined as well as common misconceptions.
Cmrcldsn
The document provides guidance on designing commercial geothermal systems, including developing a design team, examining the site for loop options, determining building loads, selecting equipment, and sizing loops. It discusses vertical, horizontal, pond, and open/closed loop options, and recommends software to size loops based on building needs and local climate conditions.
Cem 350 hvac distribution systems sizing 10 2016
This document discusses HVAC distribution systems including diffuser selection and layout, ductwork sizing, and the equal friction method. It provides details on:
1) Selecting diffusers based on air flow, throw, noise criteria, and appearance and laying them out in a regular pattern to avoid gaps or obstructions.
2) Sizing return registers to match supply air flow and avoid short circuiting.
3) Calculating duct sizing using the equal friction method which balances friction losses and assumes uniform static pressure loss through branches.
AIChE 2018 improving catalytic reformer heaters using split flow technology rev2
New patented split flow technology increases the capacity of catalytic reformer heaters at a fraction of the cost of traditional revamps. Furnace Improvements has installed this technology in four reformer heaters at US refineries. This technology has also been used in several other heaters and one of the main benefits is lower pressure drop at increased capacity thus saving your pump or compressors.
Introduction of Fired heaters
Fired heaters are used to provide heat through the combustion of fuel. They involve combustion fundamentals like the reaction of methane and oxygen. Fired heaters have a furnace design and use draft systems and air preheaters. They employ different types of burners like those used in hot oil heaters and regeneration gas heaters. The start-up process involves inspection, purging, lighting pilots and burners, and adjusting temperatures and flows. Operation requires monitoring air adjustment, temperatures, and addressing potential issues like deposits, failures, or flame-outs. Control strategies manage variables like temperatures, fuels, and flows.
What's hot (20)
AIChE Smart Stack Damper Design Provides Better Control of Fired Heaters
AIChE Smart Stack Damper Design Provides Better Control of Fired Heaters
Design and demonstration of heat pipe based waste heat recovery system
Design and demonstration of heat pipe based waste heat recovery system
Burner Design, Operation and Maintenance on Ammonia Plants
Burner Design, Operation and Maintenance on Ammonia Plants
Improve shale oil crude heater performance summary slideshare
Improve shale oil crude heater performance summary slideshare
AIChE 2018 improving catalytic reformer heaters using split flow technology rev2
AIChE 2018 improving catalytic reformer heaters using split flow technology rev2
Similar to George hoetricks, evapco
Fundamentals-of-CKV.pdf
This document discusses exhaust hood design and makeup air strategies. It summarizes that short-circuit hood designs and air curtain makeup air strategies perform poorly and can compromise capture and containment. Four-way ceiling diffusers near hoods are also not recommended. The best strategies minimize the velocity of makeup air around the hood perimeter and limit any one makeup air pathway to 60% of the total exhaust rate. Laboratory tests show displacement ventilation and perforated supply plenums can maintain capture and containment better than other options.
Cpg 2010
This document summarizes an electric screw compressor product line from CPG. It describes the key features and benefits of the compressors, including their industrial design, filtration system, advanced controller, gear-driven transmission, cooling system, maintenance schedule, and service parts. The compressors are available in models from 280-355kW for various industries and are designed to deliver high performance compressed air efficiently over their lifetime.
Trent
Rolls-Royce is a world leader in aero-engines and marine propulsion systems. The Trent engine family uses a three-shaft design that allows for higher pressure ratios and temperatures needed for long-haul flights. Material and design advances like single crystal alloys and ceramic composites have improved efficiency. Future concepts may use electric engines and contra-rotating fans to further reduce emissions and fuel consumption.
PNGC-048-400-50-Hz-CPRC20-5-002.pdf
This document provides specifications for Coolex rooftop packaged air conditioning units with R-407C refrigerant. It includes unit rating summaries, outstanding features, standard specifications, optional specifications, and selection procedures. Performance data tables are presented for units ranging from 48 to 400 MBH cooling capacity. Electrical data and unit dimensions are also included.
Evapco
This document summarizes Evapco's products and services. It discusses Evapco's history and facilities worldwide. It provides an overview of Evapco's main product lines, including open cooling towers, closed circuit coolers, and water treatment systems. It highlights the features and benefits of Evapco's induced draft counterflow cooling towers, including their efficient design and ease of maintenance.
SOLAR AIR COOLING SYSTEM-3.pptx
This document outlines the methodology, work plan, materials selection, and design of a solar powered air cooling system using fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) components. Key aspects include:
- Conducting literature reviews and material comparisons to select FRP over other materials like steel, wood, aluminum, and high density polyethylene for its corrosion resistance, strength, lighter weight, and lower lifetime costs.
- Designing the system with an axial fan, motor, water pump, storage tank, eliminator, cellulose pads, air filter, and 360W solar panels. Calculations are shown for humidity reduction, coefficient of performance, static pressure, cooling load, and duct sizing.
- 3D modeling and drafting plans
Corporate Presentation
SYMPHONY is one of the largest manufactuer of evaporative portable Air Coolers. We have our state-of-the-ar manufacturing facilitites in India and USA. We are the market leader in india and we have a strong global presence in more than 54 countries.
Cooling towers1
There are two main types of cooling towers: natural draft and mechanical draft. Mechanical draft towers use large fans to force or suck air through circulated water and come in designs like counter flow induced draft, counter flow forced draft, and cross flow induced draft. A cooling tower consists of a frame and casing, fill material, cold water basin, drift eliminators, air inlet, nozzles, and fans. Factors like fill material, approach, flow rate, range, heat load, and wet bulb temperature affect cooling tower performance. Efficient operation involves water treatment, minimizing drift loss, optimizing fans and pumps, and evaluating opportunities for energy savings.
Ap 23 7900 001 (package air conditioning units) 2011 1206
This document provides specifications for McQuay rooftop packaged air conditioners and heat pumps. It includes models from MRT 060A/AR to MRT 420A/AR. The units feature high efficiency scroll compressors, pre-connected piping for easy installation, adjustable air volume capability, and a flat top design for maximum space utilization. Electrical controls include an electronic remote controller. Specifications are provided for cooling capacity, power consumption, dimensions, components, and operating conditions.
Air Filter Designs for Electronics Enclosures
This document summarizes an air filter design webinar that covered:
1) Types of electronic equipment applications that require air filters and how contamination can cause failures.
2) Design considerations like industry standards, thermal management, and total system pressure drop.
3) The air filter specification process and available filter product types from Universal Air Filters, including metal mesh, flex-frame, Quadrafoam, and high efficiency filters.
4) The role of air filters in enclosure fire safety and flame retardancy.
Spent solution in hydro
Analysis of cooling tower, types of cooling tower, calculated efficiency of cooling tower, cooling tower fan in industry, flow rate of spent ( acidic zinc sulphate solutioon)
2 cooling tower basics
This document provides information about cooling towers, including:
1. Definitions of key cooling tower terminology such as tons and wet bulb temperature and how they impact tower capacity.
2. An overview of EVAPCO's product offerings for induced draft and forced draft cooling towers ranging in size from 27 to 1,332 tons.
3. An explanation of the principle of operation for induced draft and forced draft towers, which can be counterflow or crossflow.
4. A description of key cooling tower components like fill material, drift eliminators, basins, and distribution systems.
5. Details on maintenance access points, materials of construction including upgrades to stainless steel, and structural design requirements.
Buyer Presentation
USI Italia is a leading manufacturer of spray booth systems headquartered in Verona, Italy with branch offices worldwide. They produce a full line of spray booth equipment including downdraft, crossdraft, and limited finishing stations for industries such as automotive painting. USI booths feature efficient turbine fans, direct-fired burners, automated controls, and insulation for fast curing times. Their flagship Chronotech model allows shops to increase productivity, reduce costs, and see a quick return on investment.
2015 x472 class 02 - generation systems
This document outlines a course on HVAC system design. It discusses various HVAC systems for different building types, including single story, multi-story, high-rise, and specialty buildings. The schedule lists topics like generation systems, distribution systems, and system selection that will be covered over the course by three instructors.
Water Chillers Air-Cooled/Water-Cooled Manufacturer -UAE/AFRICA/SAUDI ARABIA...
Water Chillers Air-Cooled/Water-Cooled Manufacturer -UAE/AFRICA/SAUDI ARABIA...DANA Steel Processing Industries LLC(UAE) / DANA Steels Pvt Ltd ( INDIA) (www.danagroups.com)
The document provides technical specifications for air cooled water chillers manufactured by Dana Water Heaters & Coolers Factory LLC. The chillers come in three models - DC-10000, DC-15000, and DC-20000 - with cooling capacities of 35kW/120,000 Btu/hr, 52.5kW/180,000 Btu/hr, and 70kW/240,000 Btu/hr respectively. All models feature heavy duty compressors and circulation pumps from reputed manufacturers, weatherproof enclosures, standard gauges and controls, low noise fans, and easy maintenance access. The document lists detailed specifications for components, dimensions, electrical requirements, and other technical details for each chiller modelDekon Rooftop units t3 conditions
This document provides information on a line of tropical rooftop packaged air conditioning units from DAACPT. Key details include:
- The units have cooling capacities ranging from 9.6 kW to 188.5 kW.
- They feature hermetically sealed scroll compressors, galvanized steel panels, direct expansion coils, and centrifugal/axial fans.
- Various optional accessories are available like filters, insulation, gauges, and heating coils.
- Technical specifications include dimensions, weights, sound levels, refrigerants, and performance data at designated indoor/outdoor conditions.
final presentation edit.pptx
This document summarizes the design of an air conditioning system for Al-Zayan Mall in Alexandria, Egypt. The mall has 3 basement floors, 4 floors of retail space, and 6 floors of administrative offices. The design involves calculating the cooling load using the HAP program, selecting appropriate air handling units and fan coil units from manufacturer catalogs based on the load results, and designing ductwork using the equal friction method. Key components of the chilled water system are also described, including water chillers, cooling towers, pumps, and the water distribution system. Duct material, thickness, insulation, installation and testing are discussed.
Compressed Air Treatment Systems | CS Industrial Services | New York
CS Industrial Services offers compressed air treatments like oil/water seperators & compressed air filters to ensure air quality.
HVAC_System_Survey_Presentation.pptx
This document discusses the HVAC system design for a project located in Khalapur, India. It includes considerations for indoor conditions, heat load calculations, system selection, ventilation components, fire safety norms, and LEED accreditation. A life cycle cost analysis is presented comparing a water-cooled chiller and air-cooled chiller system. Specifications are provided for major HVAC equipment including air handling units, fan coil units, pumps, fans and kitchen ventilation.
HVAC_System_Survey_Presentation.pptx
This document discusses the HVAC system design for a project located in Khalapur, India. It includes sections on indoor/outdoor conditions, heat load calculations, system selection, ventilation components, fire safety norms, and LEED accreditation considerations. A life cycle cost analysis is presented comparing a water-cooled chiller and air-cooled chiller system. Specifications are provided for major HVAC equipment including air handling units, fan coil units, pumps, fans and kitchen ventilation.
Similar to George hoetricks, evapco (20)
Ap 23 7900 001 (package air conditioning units) 2011 1206
Ap 23 7900 001 (package air conditioning units) 2011 1206
Water Chillers Air-Cooled/Water-Cooled Manufacturer -UAE/AFRICA/SAUDI ARABIA...
Water Chillers Air-Cooled/Water-Cooled Manufacturer -UAE/AFRICA/SAUDI ARABIA...
Compressed Air Treatment Systems | CS Industrial Services | New York
Compressed Air Treatment Systems | CS Industrial Services | New York
More from Sarah El Akkad
Abdullatif Ben Nakhi, CVol
The document discusses the prospects of district cooling for residential sectors in Kuwait. It provides background on the current status of district cooling in Kuwait, noting some existing private district cooling projects. It then discusses the need to consider district cooling for new residential suburbs in Kuwait due to the large projected housing development and associated HVAC energy demands. The document reviews the general benefits of district cooling systems and considers the feasibility factors for implementing district cooling in residential areas with lower housing densities.
Roger Baroudi, SSHI
District cooling involves providing cooling from a central plant to multiple buildings via pipes. It started in the 1930s. A case study on a residential area in Jaber Al-Ahmad City found that a district cooling system with thermal storage could provide yearly energy savings of 40% compared to conventional air cooling systems and reduce peak power usage by 50% on average. The district cooling plant would have a capacity of 41,670 tons and use 101.9 GWh of energy annually to serve over 1,600,000 square meters of buildings.
Yaqoub almatouq, ministry of social affair & labor
This document discusses district cooling as an environmentally strategic option. It notes that district cooling can help address challenges from ozone depletion and climate change by utilizing more environmentally-friendly refrigerants. District cooling provides benefits like improved energy efficiency from operating chillers at optimal conditions and utilizing renewable energy sources. However, implementation concerns must be addressed regarding the initial and operating costs, reliability, expandability, and ensuring fair pricing and provider selection for end users. The document was presented at the 2011 Kuwait District Cooling Summit by a refrigeration expert from Kuwait's National Ozone Unit.
Tim burbury, king & spalding
This document outlines a presentation on legal and commercial issues related to district cooling projects, given by Tim Burbury at the Kuwait District Cooling Summit in January 2011. The presentation covers (1) different deal structures used for district cooling projects, (2) common commercial issues like water sources, demand guarantees, and construction phasing, and (3) legal issues regarding regulations, land rights, and bankability for financing district cooling projects. Key points discussed include different risk transfer models, stakeholder management, tariff structuring, modular plant capacity expansion, and interconnection challenges between central plants and distribution networks.
Soren kjaer, perma pipe
The document discusses international standards for pre-insulated piping systems used in district cooling networks. It provides an overview of Perma-Pipe, the largest supplier of pre-insulated piping systems in North America and the Middle East. It then discusses key components of pre-insulated piping systems including the HDPE casing, polyurethane foam insulation, corrosion protection, leak detection, and field joint sealing methods.
Magdi rashad, sorough & tabreed
The document discusses district cooling in Kuwait and the challenges facing its development. It provides details about S&T Cool, a district cooling company operating in Abu Dhabi. It also discusses the potential size of S&T Cool's plant in Al Reem Island and gives an overview of district cooling in other Gulf countries. The challenges facing Kuwait include high power demand and subsidies. The document suggests ways to overcome these challenges, such as conducting studies, updating energy codes, introducing incentives, and carrying out a pilot project.
Jeevan joy, spig
The document discusses field erected cooling towers, which are customized cooling towers designed for large industrial applications. It describes the different types of induced draft cooling towers based on their material of construction, including fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) towers. It emphasizes the importance of considering how the cooling towers will interact with their surrounding environment to prevent issues like recirculation, interference, and poor plume dispersion. Several case studies of large FRP cooling tower installations are presented.
Jarmo heikkinen, kamstrup
Individual metering of energy consumption provides benefits to building owners and tenants. BTU meters allow for more accurate measurement and billing of energy usage, which can lead to reduced consumption by 30% or more. Modern static BTU meters are more accurate than mechanical meters and require less maintenance. Automatic meter reading systems make it easy to remotely collect meter data with minimal manual reading required.
Hisham hajaj, stanley consultants
This document discusses sea water cooling towers. It provides an overview of why industries use sea water cooling systems, the typical infrastructure requirements like intake structures and piping, and the main types of cooling including once-through and evaporative cooling. It also describes advantages of circular cooling towers like lower costs and maintenance needs compared to mechanical draft towers. The case study of Jubail Industrial City in Saudi Arabia outlines the large-scale sea water cooling system used to provide cooling to multiple industrial plants.
0125262011 Fadi hashem, dc pro engineer
The document discusses district cooling in Kuwait and the GCC region. It summarizes that district cooling can provide significant benefits to Kuwait including reducing infrastructure costs, decreasing carbon emissions, and lowering power consumption compared to traditional air conditioning systems. Key benefits mentioned are reducing electric demand by over 1,200 MW and power consumption by over 2,700 GWh through implementation of district cooling with thermal energy storage in Kuwait. Several large existing district cooling projects and plants currently operating in Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Qatar, Oman, and Saudi Arabia are also summarized.
0125262011 Fadhel kazemi, Tekneen
1. The document discusses creating national will to achieve the national destiny and purpose set by GCC country leaders, including reducing energy demand and emissions.
2. It presents district cooling as a way to efficiently cool different building types and proposes various investment options for states, recommending public-private partnerships and third party investments.
3. A decision matrix compares investment alternatives based on economic and financial factors, concluding that a third party investment using a BOOT method is most suitable.
KDC11- Anand Rohatgi, Synergy Consulting
This document discusses why district cooling projects under a BOT/BOO structure may not be viable for private sector off-takers based on learnings from the Dhahran District Cooling Project. Key challenges for private developers include uncertain capacity planning and utilization, weak contractual frameworks, lack of utility guarantees, and high payment/credit risk from end users. These risks result in high costs of debt and equity that require very high tariffs to make projects financially viable. The Dhahran project succeeded due to support from the public sector off-taker which ensured long-term financing, adequate utility supply, a take-or-pay structure, and a strong contractual framework. The conclusion is that projects with private off-takers
Don eppelheimer, trane
EarthWise chilled water systems consume less energy, capital, and water through three main strategies: (1) using colder chilled water which reduces energy usage in chillers and chilled water pumps, (2) maintaining warmer cooling tower water which saves energy in condenser water pumps and cooling tower fans, and (3) implementing thermodynamic staging with series chillers which lowers compressor energy usage. These techniques were shown to save over 2.9 million gallons of water annually in a 10,000 ton chilled water system in Dubai.
Christian mosbock, ISOPLUS
Kuwait Pipe Industries & Oil Services Co. (K.S.C) and isoplus Austria have created a joint company called isoplus Middle East to produce and distribute pre-insulated piping systems. Isoplus Middle East offers a wide range of insulated steel pipes, fittings, and components to provide leak-tight piping networks with high quality thermal insulation and corrosion protection for various industrial applications. The company produces items at its new Kuwait facility and also distributes products from isoplus Group, a major European manufacturer of pre-insulated piping with over 5,500 km of pipes installed worldwide.
0125262011 Abdulhamid Al Mansour
District cooling can help mitigate challenges facing GCC countries in meeting escalating air conditioning demand. It reduces electricity consumption by 40% and creates a flatter demand curve. Thermal storage reduces required capacity and costs while district cooling is more environmentally friendly by increasing efficiency and lowering emissions. The industry has a long history worldwide and major projects exist across the Middle East, Asia, Europe, and North America. Governments can promote district cooling through various policies and outsourcing projects provides benefits like reduced costs and capacity needs.
More from Sarah El Akkad (15)
Yaqoub almatouq, ministry of social affair & labor
Yaqoub almatouq, ministry of social affair & labor
Recently uploaded
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Satta Matka
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Satta Matka➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka Indian satta Matka Dpboss Matka Kalyan Chart Matka Boss otg matka Guessing Satta ❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Matka Result Satta Matka Guessing Satta Fix jodi Kalyan Fin...
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Matka Result Satta Matka Guessing Satta Fix jodi Kalyan Fin...❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Kalyan Satta Matka Guessing Matka Result Main Bazar chart
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Matka Result Satta Matka Guessing Satta Fix jodi Kalyan Final ank Satta Matka Dpbos Final ank Satta Matta Matka 143 Kalyan Matka Guessing Final Matka Final ank Today Matka 420 Satta Batta Satta 143 Kalyan Chart Main Bazar Chart vip Matka Guessing Dpboss 143 Guessing Kalyan night Organizational Change Leadership Agile Tour Geneve 2024
Organizational Change Leadership at Agile Tour Geneve 2024
Call 8867766396 Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta batta Matka 420 Satta...
CALL 8867766396 SATTA MATKA | DPBOSS | KALYAN MAIN BAZAR | FAST MATKA | DPBOSS GUESSING | TARA MATKA | KALYAN CHART | MATKA BOSS
Hamster Kombat' Telegram Game Surpasses 100 Million Players—Token Release Sch...
Hamster Kombat' Telegram Game Surpasses 100 Million Players—Token Release Schedule Unveiled
Event Report - SAP Sapphire 2024 Orlando - lots of innovation and old challenges
Holger Mueller of Constellation Research shares his key takeaways from SAP's Sapphire confernece, held in Orlando, June 3rd till 5th 2024, in the Orange Convention Center.
Company Valuation webinar series - Tuesday, 4 June 2024
This session provided an update as to the latest valuation data in the UK and then delved into a discussion on the upcoming election and the impacts on valuation. We finished, as always with a Q&A
Creative Web Design Company in Singapore
At Techbox Square, in Singapore, we're not just creative web designers and developers, we're the driving force behind your brand identity. Contact us today.
Industrial Tech SW: Category Renewal and Creation
Every industrial revolution has created a new set of categories and a new set of players.
Multiple new technologies have emerged, but Samsara and C3.ai are only two companies which have gone public so far.
Manufacturing startups constitute the largest pipeline share of unicorns and IPO candidates in the SF Bay Area, and software startups dominate in Germany.
Income Tax exemption for Start up : Section 80 IAC
A presentation on the concept of Exemption of Profits of Start ups from Income Tax
Taurus Zodiac Sign: Unveiling the Traits, Dates, and Horoscope Insights of th...
Dive into the steadfast world of the Taurus Zodiac Sign. Discover the grounded, stable, and logical nature of Taurus individuals, and explore their key personality traits, important dates, and horoscope insights. Learn how the determination and patience of the Taurus sign make them the rock-steady achievers and anchors of the zodiac.
-- June 2024 is National Volunteer Month --
Check out our June display of books on voluntary organisations
The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024.pdf
In the recent edition, The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024, The Silicon Leaders magazine gladly features Dejan Štancer, President of the Global Chamber of Business Leaders (GCBL), along with other leaders.
Top mailing list providers in the USA.pptx
Discover the top mailing list providers in the USA, offering targeted lists, segmentation, and analytics to optimize your marketing campaigns and drive engagement.
Innovation Management Frameworks: Your Guide to Creativity & Innovation
Innovation Management Frameworks: Your Guide to Creativity & InnovationOperational Excellence Consulting
[To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
This PowerPoint compilation offers a comprehensive overview of 20 leading innovation management frameworks and methodologies, selected for their broad applicability across various industries and organizational contexts. These frameworks are valuable resources for a wide range of users, including business professionals, educators, and consultants.
Each framework is presented with visually engaging diagrams and templates, ensuring the content is both informative and appealing. While this compilation is thorough, please note that the slides are intended as supplementary resources and may not be sufficient for standalone instructional purposes.
This compilation is ideal for anyone looking to enhance their understanding of innovation management and drive meaningful change within their organization. Whether you aim to improve product development processes, enhance customer experiences, or drive digital transformation, these frameworks offer valuable insights and tools to help you achieve your goals.
INCLUDED FRAMEWORKS/MODELS:
1. Stanford’s Design Thinking
2. IDEO’s Human-Centered Design
3. Strategyzer’s Business Model Innovation
4. Lean Startup Methodology
5. Agile Innovation Framework
6. Doblin’s Ten Types of Innovation
7. McKinsey’s Three Horizons of Growth
8. Customer Journey Map
9. Christensen’s Disruptive Innovation Theory
10. Blue Ocean Strategy
11. Strategyn’s Jobs-To-Be-Done (JTBD) Framework with Job Map
12. Design Sprint Framework
13. The Double Diamond
14. Lean Six Sigma DMAIC
15. TRIZ Problem-Solving Framework
16. Edward de Bono’s Six Thinking Hats
17. Stage-Gate Model
18. Toyota’s Six Steps of Kaizen
19. Microsoft’s Digital Transformation Framework
20. Design for Six Sigma (DFSS)
To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations3 Simple Steps To Buy Verified Payoneer Account In 2024
Buy Verified Payoneer Account: Quick and Secure Way to Receive Payments
Buy Verified Payoneer Account With 100% secure documents, [ USA, UK, CA ]. Are you looking for a reliable and safe way to receive payments online? Then you need buy verified Payoneer account ! Payoneer is a global payment platform that allows businesses and individuals to send and receive money in over 200 countries.
If You Want To More Information just Contact Now:
Skype: SEOSMMEARTH
Telegram: @seosmmearth
Gmail: seosmmearth@gmail.com
The Genesis of BriansClub.cm Famous Dark WEb Platform
BriansClub.cm, a famous platform on the dark web, has become one of the most infamous carding marketplaces, specializing in the sale of stolen credit card data.
Recently uploaded (20)
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Satta Matka
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Satta Matka
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Matka Result Satta Matka Guessing Satta Fix jodi Kalyan Fin...
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Matka Result Satta Matka Guessing Satta Fix jodi Kalyan Fin...
Organizational Change Leadership Agile Tour Geneve 2024
Organizational Change Leadership Agile Tour Geneve 2024
Call 8867766396 Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta batta Matka 420 Satta...
Call 8867766396 Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta batta Matka 420 Satta...
Hamster Kombat' Telegram Game Surpasses 100 Million Players—Token Release Sch...
Hamster Kombat' Telegram Game Surpasses 100 Million Players—Token Release Sch...
Event Report - SAP Sapphire 2024 Orlando - lots of innovation and old challenges
Event Report - SAP Sapphire 2024 Orlando - lots of innovation and old challenges
Company Valuation webinar series - Tuesday, 4 June 2024
Company Valuation webinar series - Tuesday, 4 June 2024
Income Tax exemption for Start up : Section 80 IAC
Income Tax exemption for Start up : Section 80 IAC
Taurus Zodiac Sign: Unveiling the Traits, Dates, and Horoscope Insights of th...
Taurus Zodiac Sign: Unveiling the Traits, Dates, and Horoscope Insights of th...
The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024.pdf
The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024.pdf
Innovation Management Frameworks: Your Guide to Creativity & Innovation
Innovation Management Frameworks: Your Guide to Creativity & Innovation
3 Simple Steps To Buy Verified Payoneer Account In 2024
3 Simple Steps To Buy Verified Payoneer Account In 2024
The Genesis of BriansClub.cm Famous Dark WEb Platform
The Genesis of BriansClub.cm Famous Dark WEb Platform
George hoetricks, evapco
- 1. Cooling Towers for District Cooling Georges Hoeterickx Evapco Europe
- 3. Design considerations Cooling tower size versus approach Approach ° F
- 6. Design considerations Cooling tower size versus range Range C.T. Size
- 20. Design considerations Water Outlets
- 22. Cost distribution main items
- 25. FRP Structure Boron Free Advantex glass assures a longer life of the structure
- 26. FRP Structure Obtain the specified quality
- 29. FRP structure UV protection STRUCTURAL RESIN 55-25% GLASS 45-75% WOVEN ROVEN AND CONTINUOUS GLASS 250 MILS OR MORE CORROSION BARRIER RESIN 60-70 % GLASS 30-40% MAT OR CLOTH 40-60 MILS EXTERNAL LINER RESIN RICH 80-90% GLASS 10-20% 15-20 MILS SURFACING VEIL TYPE C 10-20 MIL THICKNESS
- 41. Cooling tower fans Noise
- 42. Cooling tower fans Comparison - 2000 ton tower - 196 m³/ sec @ 160 Pa pressure drop Fan dia Nbr Blades Rpm Tip speed Sound Power Fan shaft Power Fan ft m/sec dB(A) kW US $ 14 6 270.8 60.5 100.3 59.3 2100 16 7 193.9 49.5 95.6 53.2 3600 18 5 186.8 54.2 99 46 13500 18 * 4 137 40 86.3 54.9 45000
- 43. Cooling tower fans Fan power vs cost – 2000 ton tower – 196 m³/sec @ 160 Pa pressure drop Fan dia Tower price Fan Power ft % kW 14 - - 16 + 1, 25 % - 11 % 18 +8 % - 22 %
- 44. Cooling tower fans Comparison - 5000 ton tower - 375 m³/ sec @ 160 Pa pressure drop Fan dia Nbr Blades Rpm Tip speed Sound Power Fan shaft Power Fan ft m/sec dB(A) kW US $ 22 6 226 44.2 106.3 106.3 9500 26 9 104.8 43.5 97.9 87.1 26000 26 6 89.7 37.2 90.6 104.2 60000 28 6 82.6 36.9 90 102.3 65000
- 45. Cooling tower fans Fan power – noise vs cost - 5000 ton tower – 375 m³/ sec @ 160 Pa pressure drop Fan dia Tower price Power Sound Power ft % kW dB (A) 22 106.3 26 + 7 % - 18 % 97.9 26 20% -2% 90.6 28 + 22% -4% 90
- 46. Obtain the required quality Fan stacks
- 49. Obtain the required quality Air inlet louvers Water stays in … Sunlight stays out!
- 53. Obtain the required quality Drift eliminators
- 56. Drift eliminators Efficiency comparison
- 59. Drift losses Design considerations : air seals
- 61. Cooling Tower Fill Film Fill Design Considerations
- 62. Cooling Tower Fill Vertically Offset Flute PVC Film Fill
- 63. Cooling Tower Fill Vertically Fluted PVC Film Fill
- 66. Cooling Towers for District Cooling
Editor's Notes
- Step one to avoid recirculation is to make sure that the top of the cooling tower should be at least level with the enclosure. Today , we as engineers are still fighting daily with architects on this issue ! or the right measurements to avoid recirculation are it is completely overlooked
- Often VFD’s are promted to save energy in applications using electrical motors. Are we saving energy when applying VFDs on cooling towers ? We know that by lowering the condensing temperature with 1°F , the chiller efficiency improves with 3% . At the same time are the fan kw of the cooling towers more or less 5 % of the motor kw of the chiller. In other words , we will not save energy when considering all elements when reducing the cooling tower fan speed by using VFD’s.
- .
- .
- Fans are selected for a given air flow and static pressure caused in the cooling tower. Fan design parameters or characteristiques include the diameter, speed , the number and the shape of the blades and blade width. The paramters have all their influence on cost , power consumption and noise.
- .