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Gender, Communication, and Culture Julia T. Wood                                  “Men and Women:                 Can we get along? Should we even try?”
The social- symbolic construction of gender Distinction between GENDER and SEX. SEX= determines by biologic codes GENDER= social term for sex.  Talking about sex we will use “man” and “women”. Talking about gender we will use “masculine” and “feminine”
GENDER Genderis the social construction of sex. It is the construction of gender by culture. Culture attributes certain characteristics to eachsex.  Eg: Blue clothes for baby boys/ Pink for girls. The identification to masculinity or feminity is A PROCESS that started at the moment of birth. It’s is not in our gene (different from sex).
RESULT= This process of identification to one gender or the otherconvinceyou to adopt « codes » that correspond to yoursex. Gender= social beliefs and values IN A PARTICULAR SOCIETY and AT A SPECIFIC TIME. Genderis not fixed, stable Genderis not universal 	In fact the values and beliefs of the society are not the sametodaythatitwere 60 yearsago. Moreover  in each part of the world feminity and masculinitywill not have the samemeaning.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AUBazW1nQtY&feature=related
GENDER sex Produced by culture. Variable. A Social and relational quality. Determined by biology. Permanent (in general…) An individualproperty.
Relation shipbetweenGender, Culture and Communication Gendercreated by the culture webelong to and his content (beliefs and values) isspreadthroughmeans of communication                -interaction between people                -medias… Toys GI Joe Commercial: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C89tCN8l35o&feature=related Toy’r’Us Commercial: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l1dqCWIjUsE&feature=related
Communication constructsGender Cultures The process of human communication createsgender culture. How do welearnwhat correspond to ourgender? By the interactions we have with people duringourchildhood. Two types of interaction thatemphasziesthisprocess of identification to a gender:    Family communication    interactions amongchildren
Family communication From the begining a baby willidentifyhiself to the first personwhotook care of him= hismother. Then the processus of identification in the relation shipmother/ daughteriseasier as sheis a member of the samesex. Different for a boy. He can’tidentifyhiself to hismother. To develophisgenderidentityhe has to differentiatefromhismother.
Consequences: A Girl definesherself in relation withothers A Boy defineshimself self independant of others.
Interactions amongchildren The  processus of identification to a genderisalso due to interactions amongchildren. GAMES OF CHILDREN. In general the gamesthatchildrenplay are reallydifferentdepending on the sex.
Boys games. Girls games Play house, school. (ask a  girl what job shewants to do in the future….teacher!) 2/3 children= more personal relation ship.  Not a definerole AIMS= 1-becooperative. Everybodyshould have a chance to play 2-betolerant 3-pay attention to other’s feelings Competitive team sports.  10 or more boys canplaytogether. Definerole (eg:blocker) AIMS= 1-assertyourself 2-focus on outcomes/achievment=win the game 3.Be competitive= to be the best player.
Boys games are supposed to have an achievment. The end of the game, the winner. Girls games. The  gameendswhen the parents come to pickthem up atschool or when the playtimeis over.  a girl whowouldplay sport team during the playtime (and so not « respecting » codes of gendercorresponding to hersex)  will, in general, have to suffermockingremarksfromherclassmates.
So thesetwoways of communication influencedourcharacter. Eachgender has specific values and beliefs in a specific culture. Femininesocializationisbased on relationshipssensitivity. Masculine socializationisbased on independance and power.
Men and Women in Conversation. Cross cultural communication Men and womenidentified to a differentgender= differentrules. It affects communications betweenthem It createsmisunderstandings -
Feminine and Masculine Communication Cultures. Groups of people whoshare practices not common to other cultures. Eg: older people/ young… Alsotrue for men and women. The waywewereassociated to a gendercomplicates the relation shipswe have. Different speech. Everyday life situation: (in general, not true for everyone)
Showing affection in a couple MEN WOMEN Closness in doing By sharing activities (going to the restaurant, sharing the same flat…) Closness in speech. By saying «I love you » By showing affection.
Having a problem MEN Women A men thatwould have a difficulty, wouldprefer to solvehisproblem on hisown. Eg: lost in a town. A womenis not ashamedat all to ask for help, even to strangers.
CLUES FOR CROSS-GENDER COMMUNICATION Suspend judgment= don’tjudge the personyou’rehaving a discussion.  Recognize the validity of different communication styles. Provide translation cues= help the other to understandbetteranother style of communicating. Seektranlationcues= don’tgive up withmisunderstandings. Ask questions. Enlargeyouown communication style. Wecanlearnfromothergender communication. Nothingisfixed.
My point of view Today, genderis more and more a blurred concept. Codes are changingreallyfast. Some codes attributed to feminity masculinity. Society evolvesreallyfast. AlsoGender values and beliefsdepends on age.

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Gender, communication, and culture

  • 1. Gender, Communication, and Culture Julia T. Wood “Men and Women: Can we get along? Should we even try?”
  • 2. The social- symbolic construction of gender Distinction between GENDER and SEX. SEX= determines by biologic codes GENDER= social term for sex. Talking about sex we will use “man” and “women”. Talking about gender we will use “masculine” and “feminine”
  • 3. GENDER Genderis the social construction of sex. It is the construction of gender by culture. Culture attributes certain characteristics to eachsex. Eg: Blue clothes for baby boys/ Pink for girls. The identification to masculinity or feminity is A PROCESS that started at the moment of birth. It’s is not in our gene (different from sex).
  • 4. RESULT= This process of identification to one gender or the otherconvinceyou to adopt « codes » that correspond to yoursex. Gender= social beliefs and values IN A PARTICULAR SOCIETY and AT A SPECIFIC TIME. Genderis not fixed, stable Genderis not universal In fact the values and beliefs of the society are not the sametodaythatitwere 60 yearsago. Moreover in each part of the world feminity and masculinitywill not have the samemeaning.
  • 6. GENDER sex Produced by culture. Variable. A Social and relational quality. Determined by biology. Permanent (in general…) An individualproperty.
  • 7. Relation shipbetweenGender, Culture and Communication Gendercreated by the culture webelong to and his content (beliefs and values) isspreadthroughmeans of communication -interaction between people -medias… Toys GI Joe Commercial: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C89tCN8l35o&feature=related Toy’r’Us Commercial: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l1dqCWIjUsE&feature=related
  • 8. Communication constructsGender Cultures The process of human communication createsgender culture. How do welearnwhat correspond to ourgender? By the interactions we have with people duringourchildhood. Two types of interaction thatemphasziesthisprocess of identification to a gender: Family communication interactions amongchildren
  • 9. Family communication From the begining a baby willidentifyhiself to the first personwhotook care of him= hismother. Then the processus of identification in the relation shipmother/ daughteriseasier as sheis a member of the samesex. Different for a boy. He can’tidentifyhiself to hismother. To develophisgenderidentityhe has to differentiatefromhismother.
  • 10. Consequences: A Girl definesherself in relation withothers A Boy defineshimself self independant of others.
  • 11. Interactions amongchildren The processus of identification to a genderisalso due to interactions amongchildren. GAMES OF CHILDREN. In general the gamesthatchildrenplay are reallydifferentdepending on the sex.
  • 12. Boys games. Girls games Play house, school. (ask a girl what job shewants to do in the future….teacher!) 2/3 children= more personal relation ship. Not a definerole AIMS= 1-becooperative. Everybodyshould have a chance to play 2-betolerant 3-pay attention to other’s feelings Competitive team sports. 10 or more boys canplaytogether. Definerole (eg:blocker) AIMS= 1-assertyourself 2-focus on outcomes/achievment=win the game 3.Be competitive= to be the best player.
  • 13. Boys games are supposed to have an achievment. The end of the game, the winner. Girls games. The gameendswhen the parents come to pickthem up atschool or when the playtimeis over. a girl whowouldplay sport team during the playtime (and so not « respecting » codes of gendercorresponding to hersex) will, in general, have to suffermockingremarksfromherclassmates.
  • 14. So thesetwoways of communication influencedourcharacter. Eachgender has specific values and beliefs in a specific culture. Femininesocializationisbased on relationshipssensitivity. Masculine socializationisbased on independance and power.
  • 15. Men and Women in Conversation. Cross cultural communication Men and womenidentified to a differentgender= differentrules. It affects communications betweenthem It createsmisunderstandings -
  • 16. Feminine and Masculine Communication Cultures. Groups of people whoshare practices not common to other cultures. Eg: older people/ young… Alsotrue for men and women. The waywewereassociated to a gendercomplicates the relation shipswe have. Different speech. Everyday life situation: (in general, not true for everyone)
  • 17. Showing affection in a couple MEN WOMEN Closness in doing By sharing activities (going to the restaurant, sharing the same flat…) Closness in speech. By saying «I love you » By showing affection.
  • 18. Having a problem MEN Women A men thatwould have a difficulty, wouldprefer to solvehisproblem on hisown. Eg: lost in a town. A womenis not ashamedat all to ask for help, even to strangers.
  • 19. CLUES FOR CROSS-GENDER COMMUNICATION Suspend judgment= don’tjudge the personyou’rehaving a discussion. Recognize the validity of different communication styles. Provide translation cues= help the other to understandbetteranother style of communicating. Seektranlationcues= don’tgive up withmisunderstandings. Ask questions. Enlargeyouown communication style. Wecanlearnfromothergender communication. Nothingisfixed.
  • 20. My point of view Today, genderis more and more a blurred concept. Codes are changingreallyfast. Some codes attributed to feminity masculinity. Society evolvesreallyfast. AlsoGender values and beliefsdepends on age.