The document summarizes the products and applications of GEM's Hazard program. It outlines five global datasets created through international projects including historical earthquake archives, instrumental seismicity catalogs, active fault databases, and ground motion prediction equations. It also describes regional seismic hazard models compiled in a database and the OpenQuake open-source software for calculating seismic hazard and risk. Key applications of the products include use in building codes, insurance catastrophe modeling, and site-specific engineering analyses.

1. GEM’S HAZARD PRODUCTS: OUTCOMES AND APPLICATIONS
Paolo Bazzurro
University Institute for Superior Studies (IUSS)
Pavia, Italy

2. GEM Hazard: The Main Objectives
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Global Datasets
Five international projects to create databases and guidelines establishing global standards for
1.
historical earthquake archive and catalogue
2.
instrumental seismicity catalogue
3.
active fault database
4.
global strain
5.
ground motion prediction equation selection
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Regional Models
Regional initiatives and collaborations to compile a database of up-to-date seismic hazard models across different regions of the globe
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Open Tools
OpenQuake: free and open-source, state-of-the-art software for the calculation of seismic hazard and risk

3. Global Historical Earthquake Archive (GHEA)
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Collection of 239 studies (papers, reports and volumes) with results of investigations of one or more historical earthquakes
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Includes macroseismicdata points –including some descriptions of data sources
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3,175 records of earthquakes
www.emidius.eu/GEH/
Global Datasets: The Global Earthquake History

4. Global Historical Earthquake Archive
Literature sources and macroseismicdata points can be retrieved for each event in the archive

5. Global Historical Earthquake Archive (GHEA)
www.emidius.eu/GEH/
Global Historical Earthquake Catalogue (GHEC)
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Events occurred in 1000 AD – 1903 AD with M ≥ 7.0 (but M≥ 6.5 for intraplateevents)
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825 historical events selected from 87 sources
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Contains date, location and magnitude (plus uncertainties)
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Derived from macroseismicdata (Bakun& Wentworth, 1997; Gasperiniet al., 2010)
Global Datasets: The Global Earthquake History

6. Global Historical Earthquake catalogue (1000–1903) (Albiniet al., 2014)

7. Global Datasets: The ISC-GEM Instrumental Catalogue
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Global catalogue of instrumentally recorded earthquakes for 1900 to 2009
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More than 18,000 events relocated using new ISC location algorithm (Bondár& Storchak, 2011)
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Homogeneous magnitude estimation in MW
Storchaket al. (2013, 2014)

8. The ISC-GEM Catalogue on the OpenQuake-Platform
ISC-GEM beginning to form the basis for updates to catalogues for the development of new PSHA models

9. •
The Global Strain Rate Model version 2.1 enhances the version 1.0 model (Kreemeret al., 2003)
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Updated plate boundary model
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Higher resolution (0.25˚ ×0.2˚)
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Potential new avenues of seismic hazard research constraining activity rates from deformation
Global Datasets: Global Strain Rate Model
V 1.0: ≈ 5,200 GPS velocities
V 2.1: > 18,500 GPS velocities

10. The GEM Global Strain Rate Model (v2.1)

11. •
Composite database of active faults covering: Western United States/Alaska, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, Oceanic Transforms
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Harmonisedrepresentation of active faults and folds
Global Datasets: The Faulted Earth Database

12. Global Datasets: The Faulted Earth Database

13. Expanding the Database: The Faulted Earth Tool
Ongoing activities to increase coverage as part of regional initiatives

14. GEM Global Ground Motion Prediction Equations (GMPEs)
1. Defining a consistent strategy to model ground motion
2. Pre-selection of GMPEs
3. Selection of a Global Set of GMPEs
4. Accounting for Near-Fault Effects in GMPEs
5. Summary of databases of recorded waveforms
6. Specifications for a database of soil conditions
GMPEs: Guidelines establishing state- of-practice for selection and usage in PSHA

15. GEM Database of Regional & National Models
Already available

16. GEM Database of Regional & National Models
SHARE
EMME
EMCA
NIED
ResisII/Geoter/Garcia et al. (2003)
Expected end of 2014

17. GEM Database of Regional & National Models
SHARE
EMME
EMCA
NIED
SARA –Expected 2015
ResisII/Geoter/Garcia et al. (2003)

18. OpenQuake-engine: Overview
Free and open- source software for the calculation of seismic hazard
Four core workflows:
i)
Classical PSHA
ii)
Disaggregation
iii)
Event-Based PSHA
iv)
Scenario
Extensive support of logic-tree analysis of epistemic uncertainty

19. Seismic Hazard Models on the OpenQuake-Platform
Models on the OpenQuakeplatform provide:
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Hazard maps
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Hazard curves
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Uniform hazard spectra
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Source model and activity rates
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Disaggregation (for selected sites)

20. Seismic Hazard Models on the OpenQuake-Platform

21. GEM Hazard Products: Applications and End-Users
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Government and Public Sector
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Hazard maps/inputs for building codes
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Scenario events

22. GEM Hazard Products: Applications and End-Users
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Government and Public Sector
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Hazard maps/inputs for building codes
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Scenario events
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Insurance Sector
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Stochastic Event Sets
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Assessment of probabilities of a catastrophe bond trigger

23. GEM Hazard Products: Applications and End-Users
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Government and Public Sector
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Hazard maps/inputs for building codes
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Scenario events
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Insurance Sector
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Stochastic Event Sets
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Assessment of probabilities of a catastrophe bond trigger
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Engineering Sector
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Site-specific seismic hazard analysis (e.g. critical facilities, nuclear power plants)

24. Formoreinformationvisitwww.globalquakemodel.org/
Thank you!

25. Thank you!
Except where otherwise noted, thiswork is licensed under:
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Please attribute to the GEM Foundation with a link to - www.globalearthquakemodel.org