Modification and Climate Change Analysis of surrounding Environment using Rem...iosrjce
This review is presented in three parts. The first part explains such terms as climate, climate change,
climate change adaptation, remote sensing (RS) and geographical information systems (GIS). The second part
highlights some areas where RS and GIS are applicable in climate change analysis and adaptation. Issues
considered are snow/glacier monitoring, land cover monitoring, carbon trace/accounting, atmospheric
dynamics, terrestrial temperature monitoring, biodiversity conservation, ocean and coast monitoring, erosion
monitoring and control, agriculture, flood monitoring, health and disease, drought and desertification. The
third part concludes from all illustrated instances that climate change problems will be less understood and
managed without the application of RS and GIS. While humanity is still being plagued by climate change effects,
RS and GIS play a crucial role in its management for continued human survival. Key words: Climate, Climate
Change, Climate Change Adaptation, Geographical Information System and Remote Sensing.
Modification and Climate Change Analysis of surrounding Environment using Rem...iosrjce
This review is presented in three parts. The first part explains such terms as climate, climate change,
climate change adaptation, remote sensing (RS) and geographical information systems (GIS). The second part
highlights some areas where RS and GIS are applicable in climate change analysis and adaptation. Issues
considered are snow/glacier monitoring, land cover monitoring, carbon trace/accounting, atmospheric
dynamics, terrestrial temperature monitoring, biodiversity conservation, ocean and coast monitoring, erosion
monitoring and control, agriculture, flood monitoring, health and disease, drought and desertification. The
third part concludes from all illustrated instances that climate change problems will be less understood and
managed without the application of RS and GIS. While humanity is still being plagued by climate change effects,
RS and GIS play a crucial role in its management for continued human survival. Key words: Climate, Climate
Change, Climate Change Adaptation, Geographical Information System and Remote Sensing.
Gokhan Danabasoglu, Senior Scientist and Community Earth System Model Chief Scientist, National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR)
UCAR Congressional Briefing - April 2018
A Fresh Look at Marine Magnetic Anomalies, One of the Key Datasets in the Dev...The Rothwell Group, L.P.
A Fresh Look at Marine Magnetic Anomalies, One of the Key Datasets in the Development of Plate Tectonics by Ian Norton - 2014 PaleoGIS & PaleoClimate Users Conference
The theme of National Library Week this year was Worlds Connect. We had a book discussion of Three Cups of Tea. This slide show was put together from the photographs of Scott Christian who worked in Pakistan in earthquake relief a few years ago. His pictures carry a Creative Commons license.
Gokhan Danabasoglu, Senior Scientist and Community Earth System Model Chief Scientist, National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR)
UCAR Congressional Briefing - April 2018
A Fresh Look at Marine Magnetic Anomalies, One of the Key Datasets in the Dev...The Rothwell Group, L.P.
A Fresh Look at Marine Magnetic Anomalies, One of the Key Datasets in the Development of Plate Tectonics by Ian Norton - 2014 PaleoGIS & PaleoClimate Users Conference
The theme of National Library Week this year was Worlds Connect. We had a book discussion of Three Cups of Tea. This slide show was put together from the photographs of Scott Christian who worked in Pakistan in earthquake relief a few years ago. His pictures carry a Creative Commons license.
Causes of success and failure in post disaster reconstruction projects – a ca...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
Muhammad Abbas CHOUDHARY1, Kashif MEHMOOD2
1University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila, Pakistan, Pakistan, Islamic Republic of; 2College of E&ME, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
Globally, the risks, vulnerabilities and impacts induced by natural hazards and disasters are on rise. Their economic costs and damage are widespread as seen in recent disasters such as the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, the 2005 Kashmir Earthquake, and Japan's 2011 tsunami. Many government agencies have utilized disaster management principals in an attempt to minimize the impact of disasters. Research has underscored that local level vulnerability assessment; disaster management and resilience are required to empower com-munities to cope with disasters.
Geographically Pakistan is situated in a region very much prone to natural hazards, particularly the northern part of the country. The area experiences natural hazards such as earthquakes, landslides, floods, glacial melting and soil erosion. Flooding from river overflows is the most common natural disaster in Pakistan. They are costly natural hazards due to damage to property and croplands.
Historically, disaster management in Pakistan was focused on the ‘Emergency Response Paradigm’ (ERP). Prior to 2005, the West Pakistan National Calamities Act of 1958 was the available legal remedy that regulated the maintenance and restoration of order in areas affected by calamities and relief against such calamities. An Emergency Relief Cell within the Cabinet Division has been serving since 1971 as an institutional disaster relief support at the national level
The United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) introduced the paradigm shift from a reactive to a proactive approach in the form of the Hyogo Framework of Action (2005-2015) signed by 168 countries including Pakistan. To fulfill the global obligations as well as cope with the challenges emerged in the aftermath of the October 2005 earthquake; the Government of Pakistan promulgated the National Disaster Management Ordinance in 2007 to introduce a comprehensive National Disaster Management System in the country. The Ordinance became the Act called the National Disaster Management Act in December 2010.
The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) was subsequently established in 2007 in line with the Act, and serves as the implementing, coordinating and monitoring body for disaster risk management at the national level. NDMA in collaboration with national and international partners had been in the process of strengthening the DRM system in the country and has developed National Disaster Management Plan.
The structure of disaster and emergency management in Pakistan, centered on the National Disaster Management Commission (NMDC), was established immediately after the disastrous Kashmir Earthquake in 2005. The provincial government has the authority to form the Provincial Disaster Management Authority (PDMA). A District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) can be established by Provincial governments in the hazard prone areas on a priority basis.
Editorial – October 2011 – Three of the MyOcean long time series reanalysis products
Greengs all,
This month’s newsleer is devoted to three of the MyOcean long me series Reanalysis products: the In Situ temperature and salinity CORA reanalysis
(1990 to 2010), the reanalysis of the North Atlanc ocean biogeochemistry (1998-2007) and the Arcc Ocean sea-ice dri/ reanalysis (1992-
2010).
The first product described here is the In Situ temperature and salinity CORA reanalysis (1990 to 2010). A new version of the comprehensive and
qualified ocean in-situ dataset (the Coriolis dataset for Re-Analysis - CORA) is released for the period 1990 to 2010. This in-situ dataset of temperature
and salinity profiles, from different data types (Argo, GTS data, VOS ships, NODC historical data...) on the global scale, is meant to be used for
general oceanographic research purposes, for ocean model validaon, and also for inializaon or assimilaon of ocean models. This product is
available from the MyOcean web portal (hp://www.myocean.eu/).
The second product is the reanalysis of the North Atlanc ocean biogeochemistry (1998-2007). A system assimilang Ocean Colour SeaWiFS data
during the period 1998-2007 has been designed to construct a reanalysis of the North Atlanc ocean biogeochemistry based on a coupled physicalbiogeochemical
model at eddy-admi:ng resoluon. The aim of this study is, on the one hand to develop the skeleton of a pre-operaonal coupled
physical-biogeochemical system with real-me assimilave/forecasng capability, and on the other hand to operate this prototype system for producing
a biogeochemical reanalysis covering the 1998-2007 period. This product is not available from the MyOcean web portal yet.
The third reanalysis product is the 1992-2010 winter Arcc Ocean sea ice dri/ me series made at Ifremer/CERSAT from satellite measurements
which consists of several products: the Level 3 products from single sensors and the L4 products from the combinaon of sensors. They are available
at 3, 6 and 30 day-lag with a 62.5 km-grid size during winter. This dataset is available for oceanic and climate modelling as well as various scienfic
studies in the Arcc. The me series is ongoing and will connue for Arcc long term monitoring using the next MetOp/ASCAT operaonal
scaerometers, planned to be operated for the next 10 years. This product is available from the MyOcean web portal (hp://www.myocean.eu/).
The next January 2012 issue will be dedicated to various applicaons using the Mercator Ocean products.
We wish you a pleasant reading!
Geophysical prospection in Flanders: a summary door Meylemans E., agentschap ...Onroerend Erfgoed
Studiedag 13 juni 2018: de rol van geofysisch onderzoek in het archeologieproces.
Presentatie van de lezing Geophysical prospection in Flanders: a summary door Meylemans E., agentschap Onroerend Erfgoed en Desmedt Ph., UGent
Social Vulnerability Datasets through the OpenQuake Platform and Description of a Case-Scenario of Integrated Risk and Resilience using OpenQuake Tools.
1. Tools for compiling the
Global Earthquake History
Paola Albini1 | Roger M.W. Musson2 |
Antonio A. Gomez Capera1 | Mario Locati1 | Andrea Rovida1 |
Massimiliano Stucchi1 | Daniele Viganò1 |
1 Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, INGV, Milano, Italy
2 British Geological Survey, BGS, Edinburgh, UK
2. Global Earthquake History: the project
‣ Three main goals:
‒ Global Historical Earthquake Archive-GHEA
‒ Global Large Historical Earthquake Catalogue-GLHECAT
‒ IT Infrastructure and website
‣ Fulfilled by establishing an innovative set of methodological
and technological tools
‣ Time coverage: 1000-1903
‣ Magnitude range : ≥7 (at the outset of the project)
3. Global Earthquake History: the project (cont)
Study A Study B Study C Study D
Earthquake 1 Earthquake 2
Global Historical Earthquake
Archive
Selection criteria
Global Large Historical Earthquake Catalogue
4. The Global Historical Earthquake Archive - GHEA
Overall goal in compiling the Global Historical Earthquake
Archive:
‣ To identify, collect and critically organise the best and most
recent information available for earthquakes in the time-
window 1000-1903 and magnitude equal to or higher than 7
‣ Information not from primary sources, but from published
material, such as:
‒ Papers, reports, and volumes
‒ Sets of Macroseismic Data Points
‒ Parametric Catalogues
5. GHE Archive: from Studies to Records-1833 Nyalam eq
Szeliga et al., 2010
Martin & Szeliga, 2010
Bilham, 1995
Ambraseys & Douglas, 2004
Bhatia et al., 1999
6. GHE Archive: from Studies to Records-1833 Nyalam eq
China SSB & FU, 1990b
Min Ziqun, 1995
7. GHE Archive: from Studies to Records-1833 Nyalam eq
• M values range from
7.6 to 8.0
• Epicentral location varies
considerably
• The solution by the
Chinese catalogue, Min
Ziqun, 1995 (highlight in
yellow) is adopted
• NB: in bordering areas the
comprehensive vision of
the GEH Archive can
suggest new insights
8. GHE Archive and Number of Records per Earthquake
Multiplicity of Studies for each Earthquake
9. GHE Archive in Numbers
The Archive contains:
‣ 236 studies
‣ critically analysed and inventoried
‣ selected (thousands of pages scanned)
‣ 994 earthquakes
‣ 3,154 records compiled (in the database underlying the Archive)
‣ 17 fakes
10. GHE Archive in Numbers (cont)
The Archive contains also:
‣ 77 studies in the Archive containing Macroseismic Data Points
‣ 12, 282 Macroseismic Data Points re-compiled
from 69 studies for a total of 292 (out of 994) earthquakes
11. GHE Archive and Number of Macroseismic Data Points
292 earthquakes with 12,582 macroseismic data
12. The Global Large Historical Earthquake Catalogue - GLHECAT
Overall goal in compiling the Catalogue:
‣ The material upon which GLHE Catalogue is built is supplied by
the GHE Archive, selected because of
‒ public availability
‒ clarity and reliability
‣ The Archive content was analysed on a region-by-region and in
most cases an earthquake-by-earthquake basis
‣ The Catalogue results from comparing the sets of parameters
available for each earthquake and selecting the best-attested
(checked against the studies and their data)
13. GLHE Catalogue in Numbers
The Catalogue contains:
‣ 827 earthquakes (out of 994 in the GHE Archive)
‣ 110 earthquakes with M<7 (mostly in intraplate areas)
‣ 167 earthquakes not included (a magnitude <7 was assigned)
‣ 92 studies (out of the 236 archived) supplying the parameters
28. Accessing the Archive (cont)
The archive is accessed by means of a website where a two depth
level approach has been implemented:
‣ a general view with the list of all earthquakes
‣ a detailed view with all the archived items on an earthquake
29. Global Earthquake History
Study A Study B Study C Study D
Earthquake 1 Earthquake 2
Global Historical Earthquake
Archive
Selection criteria
Global Large Historical Earthquake Catalogue
30. Global Earthquake History: an “alive and kicking” Archive
‣ The Global Historical Earthquake Archive provides a complete
(so far as is possible) account of the global situation in
historical seismology, with all existing studies collected
together in a syncretic way, retrievable either by earthquake or
region.
‣ The Global Large Historical Earthquake Catalogue is the best
global historical catalogue of large earthquakes presently
available with the best parameters selected, duplications and
fakes removed, and new earthquakes discovered.
‣ The full title of the project is “Tools for compiling a Global
Earthquake History”: the history itself is not yet fully written,
and, as should be clear, much writing remains to be done.