This document discusses various types of garment defects. It categorizes defects into three groups: fabric defects caused by issues with the fabric itself, workmanship defects caused during the production process, and trim defects related to accessories. Specific defect types are defined such as seam puckering, dropped stitches, and holes. Potential causes of each defect are provided along with recommended remedies such as properly selecting and tensioning thread, adjusting machine settings, and improving quality inspections. Defects are further classified as critical, major, or minor depending on their severity.

1. Garment Faults

2. Prepared By : Mazadul Hasan sheshir
ID: 2010000400008
13th Batch (session 2009-2013)
Department : Wet Processing Technology
Email: mazadulhasan@yahoo.com
Blog : www. Textilelab.blogspot.com (visit)
Southeast University
Department Of Textile Engineering
I/A 251,252 Tejgaon Dhaka Bangladesh
Prepared By :
©right

3. Garment defects:
Any abnormality in the Garment that hinders its acceptability by the consumer
,is called Garment defect. These are defects that are found in the fabric;
mostly these are caused by the sewing lines.
Garment defects

4. Garment defects can be separated into three categories:
1. Fabric defects:
These are defects that are found in the fabric; mostly these are not caused by the
sewing lines. E.g. running shade, selvedge-to-selvedge shade, holes, staining mark,
missing yarn, foreign yarn, slub , hairiness etc.
2. Workmanship and handling defects:
These are defects that are directly caused by production section, this would include
both the cutting and sewing section. Buyer’s approved samples must be referred to
maintain perfect workmanship.
3. Trims, accessories and embellishment defects:
Garment defect categories

5. Remedies:
1. Machine feed mechanism must be better quality
2. Sewing thread must be selected properly
3. Thread tension must be kept in limit
Seam Puckering: refers to the gathering of a seam either just after sewing or after
laundering causing an unacceptable seam appearance.
Seam Puckering
Causes: This problem arises due to uneven
stretching on to plies of fabric during sewing
, improper thread tension , wrong sewing
thread selection , dimensional instability of
the plies of fabric etc.

6. Drop stitch/Skipped stitch: Irregular stitching along the seam.
Remedies:
1. Examine the setting and timing between needle and hook or looped.
2. Placing of needle properly.
3. The tension of thread should be adjusted.
4. Needle size & thread size must be adjusted.
5. The pressure of pressure foot must be adjusted accurately.
Drop stitch/Skipped stitch
Causes: It appears due to improper
handling of cut pieces or machine
usage.

7. Wavy/staggered stitching: Stitches are not straight.
Remedies:
1. Needle to be changed
2. Needle size and thread size should be changed
3. Feed mechanism to be changed
Causes: It appears due to improper handling
of cut pieces, faulty feed mechanism, needle
deflection or wrong needle etc.
Wavy/staggered stitching

8. Open seam or broken seam: Portion of the garment that has not been covered by
sewing thread.
Remedies:
1. Proper setting and timing between needle and looper or hook.
2. Proper handling of the parts of garments
Causes:
This happens due to improper handling of
the parts of garments , improper setting and
timing between needle and looper or hook
etc.
Open seam or broken seam

9. Broken Stitch: Non-continuous sewing thread.
Remedies:
1. Proper machine usage
2. proper trimming
Broken Stitch
Causes: It appears due to improper
trimming or machine usage.

10. Uncut/ loose thread: Extra thread or loose thread on seam line.
Remedies:
1. Garments finishing should be checked properly.
Uncut/ loose thread
Causes: It appears due to improper
trimming or finishing.

11. Holes: Broken holes in the fabric where you are able to see through the fabric to the
other side.
Remedy:
Better inspection of fabric and cut piece. Ensure that fabric and cut pieces that are
not up to standard are not put into line and production is wasted. Replace not
standard cut pieces with usable ones before input.
Cause:
Holes can come from fabric or it could be
caused by the production side, either by
improper trimming or broken needle
puncturing the fabric.
Holes

12. Shading Variations within different parts: Seams appear to be lighter or darker than
the other seams surrounding it.
Remedies: After cutting the garment parts must be kept in proper bundle with
number.
Causes: It arises due to improper cutting,
bundling and numbering.
Shading Variations within different parts

13. Seams not aligned at crossing of seams: Seams are not lined up at intersection of
seams.
Remedy: When these defects starts to appear at close to 2% or 5 pieces, the
production must be informed and the operator must re-trained in the proper usage
of the machine.
Seams not aligned at crossing of seams
Cause: Defects generally come
about either from improper
handling of the cut piece.

14. Others: Misaligned buttons and holes ,unfinished buttonhole, missing buttons, wrong
placement of labels, hang tag, wrong folding or poor folding , improper packing into
cartons – all these defects come from finishing section.
Others

15. Sizing defects:
(Difference in measurement of various parts of garments), wrong placement of
pocket, buttonhole, embroidery and prints , measurement discrepancy- all these
problems come from pattern section.
Poor ironing:
if not sufficient, there might be creases and crinkles on garment surface and if ironing
is too heavy, there might be shining mark on garment.
misaligned buttons and holes ,unfinished buttonhole, missing buttons, wrong
placement of labels, hang tag, wrong folding or poor folding , improper packing into
cartons – all these defects come from finishing section.
Others

16. Trims, accessories and embellishment defects:
These defects include color, size and placement of trims such as labels, sewing thread,
screen print, embroidery designs, zipper, hangtag, lining, button and any kind of
trims.
Defects are given below:
1. Unmatched color of thread
2. Broken button and zipper tape
3. Short zippers
4. Faulty zippers
5. Wrong labels
6. Improper size of the labels
7. Printing mistake of labels and cartons
8. Broken poly bag
9. Wrong hanger
10. Improper embroideries and prints. Etc.
Remedy:
This type of defects occurred due to unawareness. That is why during production the
garments should be checked properly (In line inspection) and the booking of trims
&accessories must be given as like as artwork.
Trims, accessories and embellishment defects:

17. 3. Trims, accessories and embellishment defects:
These defects include color, size and placement of trims such as
labels, sewing thread, screen print , embroidery designs,
zipper, hangtag, lining , button and any kind of trims.
Defects are also classified (as per extent of defect) into Critical,
Major and Minor defects.
1.Critical defects are defects that are not allowed to be shipped and
are the most serious of defects (0%).
2. Major defects are serious defects that are not allowed over a
certain percentage (3%) depending on buyers
requirements
3. Minor defects are serious defects that are not allowed over a
certain percentage (5%) depending on buyers
requirements
Trims, accessories and embellishment defects: