The document discusses the future of biomedical instrumentation. It describes how instrumentation helps measure, record and transmit data to and from the body. It discusses new ideas being researched like harnessing the body's power, more advanced prosthetics, and new diagnosis and treatment methods. The relationship between the brain and mind is described as similar to computer hardware and software. Understanding the brain's functions and developing tools to receive and transmit information to the brain could enable mind reading and control through technologies like nanotechnology. However, such capabilities also raise privacy, ethical and safety issues that require further development.

1. Fida Muhammad(2012-BM-083)
Naeem Sheikh(2012-BM-066)

2. 
Biomedical Instrumentation is the field of
creating such instruments that help us to
measure, record and transmit data to or from
the body.

3. 
Future of
Bioinstrumentation is
very bright. Day by day
new ideas are researched
and implemented. Such
as;
◦ harnessing the power of
the body to power devices
◦ bringing more advanced
prosthetics
◦ new methods of diagnosis
and treatment of diseases
and problems which were
not there before.
◦ Etc.

4. 



A brain is an organ that
coordinates all body functions
while the mind is capable of
thought.
The brain serves as the
secondary conscience and the
mind as primary conscience,
thus its ability to sense and
execute decisions.
The relationship between the
Brain and mind is like that of
Computer Hardware and
Software.
To make mind control possible
we first need the necessary
tools and understanding

5. 
Understanding all the brain

Instrumentation
◦ All the functions carried out by the brain
are broadly understood now, we still do
not know with accuracy the whole
processes involved in making
memories, the pathway taken to establish
and then carry out our thoughts into
actions.
◦ To receive data from brain methods exist
such as;



Electro Encephalography (EEG)
Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
(fMRI)
◦ Next, for transmitting information to the
brain, we would need instruments that
could directly contact the responsible
areas.

This could be by nanotechnology which
makes contacting the areas responsible
for memory and thought processes by
exciting the appropriate areas to produce
desired response.

6. 

Brain hacking refers the
possibility to attack the
human brain to extract
sensitive information such
as data and memories,
including also
the capability to inject new
information.
the art of technology allow
to perceive changes in the
magnetic field related to
brain activity making
possible reading of
people’s thoughts.

7. 



Design a Device that can detect the brain’s electrical
activity from the surface of the scalp
the hardware composed by a (an EEG; an
electroencephalograph) equipped with a series of
sensors that are placed directly on the human scalp.
the software designed to interpret brain activity signals
through this device we can able to access to sensitive
data in the human brain.
Block Diagram
.

8. 
Lack privacy, danger to people by mind
control, expensive, far in the future.
◦ If mind reading is possible, people wont have
privacy or freedom
◦ It has great dangers if it would be in the wrong
hands, such as people could be made to do things
against there will.
◦ Something like a means to understand and input
information to and from brain will require
instrumentation which would be expensive
◦ It is a thing of the far future as the mind is
extremely complex

9. 
Understanding of physiology & Function
◦ With such technology, understanding the brain
working and the connections between different
areas would become infinitely better

Diagnosis
◦ Many of the psychological disorders have the
problem of not having a reliable and biological test
for diagnosis. At the moment many problems such
as Bipolar disorder is left undiagnosed in many
cases, for years, because the method of diagnosis
right now is very vague, like a series of questions,
which are not very accurate. Mind reading will bring
a much better method of diagnosis.

10. 
Communicating with electronics

Treatment

Other
◦ Using this, we could get devices such
as computers to work by translating
the desired actions straight from our
mind. Such as searching a particular
topic on the internet.
◦ Not only psychological disorders, but
treating psychological traumas from
accidents can be treated by this.
◦ Other areas it can be used for is in
for creating better methods of
entertainment.
◦ It could be used in education, and
thus used for not only bringing
about equality but also bringing a
larger productive age range for
society which would otherwise take
years of education.
◦ Communication between all people
will be easier, and thoughts can
become like a universal language.

11. 
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
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People may live in smart houses equipped with sensors to
monitor the status of their general health
Everyone may have access to regular non-invasive screenings
to detect disease as early as possible
Efficient noninvasive sensor-based procedures may also
monitor and evaluate cardiovascular and musculoskeletal
system health.
The treatment which the patient receives will be determined
by computer
Internal and external sensors will be able to continuously
measure response to treatment
The doctors and all the other medical staff will have access to
clinical data through hand-held wireless personal digital
assistants.

12. 


Post-operative assistive and rehabilitation technologies, such
as artificial limbs and wheelchairs, will be greatly advanced,
enabling patients full range of mobility and sensation.
With sensors in the home and access to a "cyberphysician",
many routine office visits may be eliminated. Via
telemedicine, regardless of distance and the availability of
medical specialists on site, this will become essential
elements in the health services of the twenty-first century,
particularly in rural areas and developing countries
In addition to imaging models, and signal processing, will be
used to build models of, for example, how cells communicate
and how they regulate the production of different proteins.
Once the way in which cells function is known, it may be
possible to grow replacement organs and other body parts
from an individual's own genom

13. 
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If surgical intervention should be necessary, it will be
performed by image-guided robotic instruments, which will
be programmed and run by surgeons perhaps not even in the
same room.
There seems to be no limit to what engineering could do
further to revolutionize medical practice. In fact, the next
generation of biomedical engineers will probably develop
things we can’t even yet imagine.
The achievement of these objectives will require the
development of better techniques for accessing the diseased

14. 
When thinking of the future Biomedical
instrumentation will have, we can be sure that it
will have an important role in bringing about a
better understanding and ways to communicate
with the brain.