The document provides an introduction to engineering graphics and drawing standards. It discusses topics such as drawing sheets, scales, lettering, line types, geometric constructions, orthographic projections, and isometric projections. The document also outlines the syllabus, teaching scheme, and examination scheme for an Engineering Graphics course, including 6 units covering various graphics concepts and techniques. Standard textbooks and references for the course are also listed.
Basics of Engineering Drawing & first angle projectionjeevanprasad8
Engineering drawing first angle projection and third angle projection are being covered. how to represent a drawing on a drawing sheet has covered. How to read multi views has been covered.difference between isometric projection and orthographic projection has been covered. conversion of isometric projection to orthographic projecion and from orthographic projection to isometric projection has been covered.The classification of Engineering Drawings include: Building drawing, Machine drawing, Electrical drawing etc.
Dimensions are indicated on the drawing to define geometric characteristics such as lengths, diameters, radii, angles and locations.A projection is defined as a representation of an object on a two dimensional plane. There are basically three types of projections.
Orthographic projection
Isometric projection
Perspective projectionAll engineering drawings are prepared to some scale. The scale adopted should be the largest possible one.
Full size scale,
Reducing scale and
Enlarging scale.
Full size scale 1:1, Reducing scale 1:2, Enlarging scale 50:1A projection is said to be orthographic, when the point of sight is imagined to be located at infinity, so that the rays of sight are parallel to each other and intersect the plane of projection at right angles to it.Orthographic projection technique can produce either
1. Multiview drawing
that each view show an object in two dimensions.
2. Axonometric drawing
that show all three dimensions of an object in one view.
Orthographic projection technique can produce either
1. Multiview drawing
that each view show an object in two dimensions.
2. Axonometric drawing
that show all three dimensions of an object in one view.
Module 5: Multidisciplinary Applications & Practice (For CIE Only):
Free hand Sketching:
True free hand,
Guided Free hand,
Roads,
Buildings,
Hand tools &
Furniture’s etc
Drawing Simple Mechanisms:
Bicycles,
Tricycles,
Gear trains,
Ratchets,
Two wheeler cart &
Four wheeler carts to dimensions etc
Electric Wiring and lighting diagrams:
Automatic fire alarm,
Call bell system,
UPS system,
Basic power distribution system using suitable software.
Basic Building Drawing:
Architectural floor plan,
basic foundation drawing,
Steel structures-
Frames,
bridges,
Trusses using Auto CAD or suitable software,
Basics of Engineering Drawing & first angle projectionjeevanprasad8
Engineering drawing first angle projection and third angle projection are being covered. how to represent a drawing on a drawing sheet has covered. How to read multi views has been covered.difference between isometric projection and orthographic projection has been covered. conversion of isometric projection to orthographic projecion and from orthographic projection to isometric projection has been covered.The classification of Engineering Drawings include: Building drawing, Machine drawing, Electrical drawing etc.
Dimensions are indicated on the drawing to define geometric characteristics such as lengths, diameters, radii, angles and locations.A projection is defined as a representation of an object on a two dimensional plane. There are basically three types of projections.
Orthographic projection
Isometric projection
Perspective projectionAll engineering drawings are prepared to some scale. The scale adopted should be the largest possible one.
Full size scale,
Reducing scale and
Enlarging scale.
Full size scale 1:1, Reducing scale 1:2, Enlarging scale 50:1A projection is said to be orthographic, when the point of sight is imagined to be located at infinity, so that the rays of sight are parallel to each other and intersect the plane of projection at right angles to it.Orthographic projection technique can produce either
1. Multiview drawing
that each view show an object in two dimensions.
2. Axonometric drawing
that show all three dimensions of an object in one view.
Orthographic projection technique can produce either
1. Multiview drawing
that each view show an object in two dimensions.
2. Axonometric drawing
that show all three dimensions of an object in one view.
Module 5: Multidisciplinary Applications & Practice (For CIE Only):
Free hand Sketching:
True free hand,
Guided Free hand,
Roads,
Buildings,
Hand tools &
Furniture’s etc
Drawing Simple Mechanisms:
Bicycles,
Tricycles,
Gear trains,
Ratchets,
Two wheeler cart &
Four wheeler carts to dimensions etc
Electric Wiring and lighting diagrams:
Automatic fire alarm,
Call bell system,
UPS system,
Basic power distribution system using suitable software.
Basic Building Drawing:
Architectural floor plan,
basic foundation drawing,
Steel structures-
Frames,
bridges,
Trusses using Auto CAD or suitable software,
Water billing management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project entitled “Water Billing Management System” aims is to generate Water bill with all the charges and penalty. Manual system that is employed is extremely laborious and quite inadequate. It only makes the process more difficult and hard.
The aim of our project is to develop a system that is meant to partially computerize the work performed in the Water Board like generating monthly Water bill, record of consuming unit of water, store record of the customer and previous unpaid record.
We used HTML/PHP as front end and MYSQL as back end for developing our project. HTML is primarily a visual design environment. We can create a android application by designing the form and that make up the user interface. Adding android application code to the form and the objects such as buttons and text boxes on them and adding any required support code in additional modular.
MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software. It is a stable ,reliable and the powerful solution with the advanced features and advantages which are as follows: Data Security.MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
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INTRODUCTION to engineering graphics
1. Marathwada Mitra Mandal's
College of Engineering,Karvenagar Pune
FIRST YEAR OF ENGINEERING
ENGINEERING GRAPHICS-I
AN INTRODUCTION
By
Prof. Mahesh Kawade
Mechanical Engineering Department
6. The word language is
inadequate
for describing the
size, shape and features
completely as well as concisely.
It can be found that …
Graphic Language & Effectiveness
9. Bottom-line
• Designers (may be a single person or a team of
few) proposes Design and specification of a
product
• Design has to be communicated to those
building it (Manufacturers)
• Effective Communication possible through
SKETCHES and DAIGRAMS
10.
11.
12. Engineering Drawing/Graphics
In Design Process
Problem identification
& exploration of ideas
Visualize
Sketches
Geometric model
Detail drawings
&
3D model
Draw , design and
record initial ideas
Created from sketches
used or analysis
Refine, optimize
& record the precise
data for production
process or
implementation
Visualization
is the ability to mentally
picture things that do not
exist
Communication
the design solution
should be communicated
to others without
ambiguity
Documentation
permanent record of the
solution
13. Standards-Definition
Drawing standards are set of rules that govern how
technical drawings are to be represented.
Drawing standards are used so that drawings convey
the same meaning to everyone who reads them.
Why are they Necessary?
Engineering Drawing
Standards
14. ISO International Standards Organization
Standard Code
ANSI American National Standard Institute
USA
JIS Japanese Industrial Standard
Japan
BS British Standard
UK
AS Australian Standard
Australia
Deutsches Institut für Normung
DIN
Germany
Country Code Full name
16. Drawing Sheet : Standard size
Trimmed paper of
a size A0 ~ A4.
Standard sheet size
(JIS)
A4 210 x 297
A3 297 x 420
A2 420 x 594
A1 594 x 841
A0 841 x 1189
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
(Dimensions in millimeters)
19. Drawing Scales : Definition
Drawing Actual
Length, size
:
Scale is a ratio between the linear dimension of a
drawn representation of an object and the actual object.
1 2
20
10
20. Designation of a scale consists of the word “SCALE”
followed by the indication of its ratio, as follows
SCALE 1:1 for full size
SCALE X:1 (X > 1) for an enlargement scales
SCALE 1:X (X > 1) for a reduction scales
Drawing Scales : Designation
Drawing scale is commonly found in a title block.
21. Standard reducing scales are
1:2, 1:5, 1:10, 1:20, 1:50, 1:100
Drawing Scales : Standard scale
Standard enlarging scales are
2:1, 5:1, 10:1, 20:1, 50:1, 100:1
23. - Size (or text height)
- line thickness
- Shape
- Space between letters
- Space between words
Recommendation
Legibility
Uniformity
Text’s style on the drawing
must have the following
2 properties
Examples
GOOD
Not uniform in style.
Not uniform in height.
Not uniformly vertical.
Not uniform in
thickness of stroke.
Inappropriate space
between letters
24. Style (this course)
Begin the sentence, phrase or word with a capital letter.
Text height 2~3 mm.
Space between lines of text is about of text height.
Height of the lower-case letter is about 2/3 of that of a
capital letter.
27. Leave the space between words equal to the space
requires for writing a letter “O”.
Example
Sentence Composition
ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN
MILLIMETERS
O O O
OUNLESS
OTHERWISE SPECIFIED.
O
29. Basic Line Types &Application
Continuous
Dash
Chain
Style
Thickness Thick Thin 1. Dimension line
2. Extension line
3. Leader line
Center line
Hidden line
Visible line
represent features that can be seen in the current view.
represent features that can not be seen in the current view.
represents symmetry, path of motion, centers of circles,
axis of axisymmetrical parts
indicate the sizes and location of features.
1. Visible line
3. Hidden line
4. Center line
2. Dimension line
Extension line
Leader line
32. Teaching Scheme Theory: 3 Lectures/Week Practical: 2Hrs./Week
Examination Scheme Regular Students:
Phase I - Offline Test I: 25 Marks Duration: 1 Hr. Units I & II
Phase II- Offline Test II: 25 Marks Duration: 1 Hr. Units III& IV
Phase III- Theory Paper: 50 Marks Duration: 2 Hrs. Units I & VI
Examination Scheme Repeater Students:
Phase III - Offline Test I: 50 Marks Duration: 2 Hr. Units I & VI
Phase IV- Offline Test II: 50 Marks Duration: 2 Hr. Units I& IV
SAVITRIBAI PHULE PUNE UNIVERSITY
FIRST YEAR OF ENGINEERING (2012 Pattern)
SYLLABUS
ENGINEERING GRAPHICS - I
33. UNIT I 7 Hrs.
Fundamentals of Engineering Drawing: Introduction to Drawing Instruments & their uses, Engineering
Lettering, Drawing Sheet - Layout of drawing sheets, sizes of drawing sheets, Line - Types of lines and their
applications in Mechanical Engineering Drawing, Dimensioning - Dimensioning terminology and method of
execution, Placing of dimensions, General rules for dimensioning, Method of dimensioning: Linear, angular,
aligned system, unidirectional system, parallel dimensioning, chain dimensioning, location dimension and size
dimension.
Projections of Points and Lines: Theory of Projections (Reference Planes and AuxiliaryPlanes, First and Third
Angle Method of projections), Projections of point only in First & Third quadrant with all possible positions.
Projections of Lines: Projections of lines [by First Angle Method of projections only] inclined to horizontal plane,
frontal plane and both i.e. oblique lines, on reference and auxiliary planes. True length of a line by rotation of view
& rotation of plane methods, traces of lines [To locate only H.T. and V. T.]. [Note: No application oriented questions].
UNIT II 6 Hrs.
Projections of Planes: Projections of planes on reference and auxiliary planes [by First AngleMethod of
projections only]. Projection of planes [Triangle - All Cases, Quadrilateral, Pentagon, Hexagon and Circle] by
reference and auxiliary plane methods, Planes inclined to horizontal reference plane, frontal reference plane and
oblique plane, True shape of a Plane, Angles made by the plane with Principle reference planes. [Note: no
combination of planes & anyHT,VT ofplane].
34. UNIT III 6 Hrs.
Projection of Solids: Introduction to Solids, Types of Solids, and Projections of Solids inclined to
one & both reference plane, Projection of Solids (Tetrahedron, Cube, Prisms, Cylinder, Pyramid
and Cone only with maximum six sided base). [Note: No combination of solids & their frustums.
Problems on solids resting on H.P. only].
UNIT IV 6 Hrs.
Engineering Curves: Conic section-Ellipse, Parabola, Hyperbola by Focus-diretrix & rectangle
method, Helix for Cylinder, Involute of a circle, Cycloid, Archimedean Spiral. [Note: Construction
of Tangent & Normal is not expected in Examination. Only Curves be asked in Examination from
Unit-IV].
Development of Solids: Development of prism (Maximum six sides), Development of cone[No
combination of solids].
35. UNIT V 6 Hrs.
Orthographic views: Orthographic projections of given pictorial view by First Angle Method of
Projections only, Study of Types of sections, Sectional orthographic projections. [Note: Only full
sectional Orthographic view to be asked for Examination].
UNIT VI 6 Hrs.
Isometric projections: Introduction to Isometric View with the example of Cube, Isometric
axes, scale, Isometric projections and Isometric views, Construction of isometric, non-isometric
Lines, Angles, Circles, Sphere, Arc etc. Drawing isometric views of simple solids and objects,
Dimensioning - only Length, Width & Height of Isometric Views. [Note: Only Isometric Viewsto be
asked for Examination].
36. TERM WORK
The following Six sheets to be drawn based on the above topics. All
these sheets should be drawn on A2 size (594X420mm) (Half
imperial) drawing sheets only.
1.Projections of lines / planes [Minimum Two Problems each]
2.Projections of solids [Minimum Two Problems]
3.Engineering Curves [Minimum Four Problems]
4.Development of Solids [Minimum Two Problems]
5. Orthographic projections [Minimum Two Problems]
6. Isometric projections [Minimum Two Problems]
37. TEXT BOOK
1. N. D. Bhatt and V. M. Panchal, "Engineering Drawing, Plane and Solid Geometry',
Charotor Publication House, Anand, Gujarat, India.
2. Dhananjay A. Jolhe, "Engineering Drawing with an Introduction to Auto CAD", Tata
McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., New Delhi, India.
3. BasantAgrawal and C. M. Agrawal, "Engineering Drawing", Tata McGraw-Hill
Publishing Co. Ltd., New Delhi, India.
4. K. L. Narayana and P. L. Kannaiah, "Text Book on Engineering Drawing", Second
Edition, Scitech Publications (India) Pvt. Ltd. Chennai, 201 1.
5. K. C. John, "Engineering Graphics for Degree", PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi,
2009.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. W. J. Luzadder, "Fundamentals of Engineering Drawing", Prentice Hall of India.
2. Basudeb Bhattacharyya, "Machine Drawing Includes AutoCAD Supplements", Oxford
University Press, India.
3. French and Vierck, "Graphic Science", McGraw-Hill International.
4. K. Venugopal, "Engineering Drawing and Graphics", New Age Publication.
5. R. K. Dhawan, "A text book of Engineering Drawing", S. Chand and Company Ltd., New Delhi,
India.
6. N. B. Shaha and B. C. Rana, "Engineering Drawing", Pearson Education.
7. C. Jensen, J. D. Helsel and D. R. Short, "Engineering Drawing and Design", Tata McGraw-Hill
Education Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2012.
8. T. Jeyapoovan, "Engineering drawing and Graphics using Auto CAD", Vikas Publication House
Pvt. Ltd.