Frog skeletal system, bones, girdles

1. FROG SKELETAL
SYSTEM

2. INTRODUCTION
 The frog’s body is entirely supported by an endoskeleton.
 The endoskeleton system is mainly composed of :-
 Axial skeleton – skull and vertebral column
 Appendicular skeleton - girdles and limb bones ( fore limb and hind limb).
 The endoskeleton consists of both bone and cartilage.

3. AXIAL SKELETON
SKULL
VERTEBRAL
COLUMN

4. SKULL
CRANIUM
AUDITORY CAPSULE
OLFACTORY CAPSULE
UPPER JAW
LOWER JAW
HYOID APPARATUS

5. CRANIUM

7. AUDITORY
CAPSULE

8. OLFACTORY CAPSULE
 The nasal capsule opens to the outside via the external nostrils.
 The nasal capsule communicates with the buccal cavity via internal nostrils.
 The walls of olfactory capsules are mainly cartilagenous.
 Posterior region formed by ethmoid region of sphenethmoid.
 Two nasal capsules are separated by vertical cartilage known as the mesethmoid
 Dorsal wall strengthened by triangular bone nasal
 Ventral wall consists of vomer bearing vomerine teeth

9. Upper Jaw

10. Lower Jaw and Hyoid Apparatus

11. VERTEBRAL COLUMN
ATLAS
TYPICAL VERTEBRAE ( 2 – 7 th vertebrae)
EIGHTH VERTEBRAE
NINTH VERTEBRAE
UROSTYLE

12. ATLAS

13. TYPICAL VERTEBRAE (2 – 7 th
vertebrae)

14. EIGHTH VERTEBRAE

15. NINTH VERTEBRAE

16. UROSTYLE

18. PECTORAL GIRDLE

19. PELVIC GIRDLE

20. FORELIMB BONES

21. HINDLIMB
BONES