Formative and summative assessments are used for different purposes. Formative assessments are used during instruction to provide ongoing feedback to improve student learning, while summative assessments are used after instruction to measure student achievement and document learning. Key differences are that formative assessments are highly specific, flexible, and encourage student involvement, while summative assessments are more general, rigid structures that discourage student involvement and emphasize extrinsic motivation.

1. Formative and
Summative
Evaluation

2. Formative
Assesment
Formative
Assesment
During
Instruction
During
Instruction
Between
Lesson
Between
Lesson
Between
Units
Between
Units

3. Summative AssessmentSummative Assessment

4. CharacteristicsCharacteristics
PurposePurpose
When ConductedWhen Conducted
Student InvolvementStudent Involvement
Student MotivationStudent Motivation
Teacher RoleTeacher Role
Learning EmphasizedLearning Emphasized
Level SpecificityLevel Specificity
StructureStructure
TechniquesTechniques
Impact of LearnerImpact of Learner

5. Formative AssessmentFormative Assessment
To provide ongoing feedbackTo provide ongoing feedback
Highly specific and individualHighly specific and individual
Flexible, adaptableFlexible, adaptable
During and after instructionDuring and after instruction
encouragedencouraged
Intrinsic, mastery-orientedIntrinsic, mastery-oriented
To provide specific feedbackTo provide specific feedback
Deep understandingDeep understanding
InformalInformal
Strong, positive, long-lastingStrong, positive, long-lasting

6. Summative AssessmentSummative Assessment
To document students learningTo document students learning
General and Group orientedGeneral and Group oriented
Rigid, Highly structuredRigid, Highly structured
After InstructionAfter Instruction
DiscouragedDiscouraged
Extrinsic, performance - orientedExtrinsic, performance - oriented
To measures students achievementTo measures students achievement
Knowledge and ComprehensionKnowledge and Comprehension
FormalFormal
Weak and FleetingWeak and Fleeting

7. Summative AssessmentSummative Assessment
To document students learningTo document students learning
General and Group orientedGeneral and Group oriented
Rigid, Highly structuredRigid, Highly structured
After InstructionAfter Instruction
DiscouragedDiscouraged
Extrinsic, performance - orientedExtrinsic, performance - oriented
To measures students achievementTo measures students achievement
Knowledge and ComprehensionKnowledge and Comprehension
FormalFormal
Weak and FleetingWeak and Fleeting